plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/85/06/03850669FF93FFCAFDFE242839E8C900.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

253 lines
32 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="6E58843D6CE6850C47CCF2201072FBE6" ID-CLB-Dataset="8176" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.734.1233" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fd8f5cb9-13e9-4c90-ac15-502fa7ee8d38" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4542107" ID-ZooBank="663A0C2D-E3CF-4B0C-8BA1-566B174829A2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613423098920" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Montoya-Molina, Santiago &amp; Vaz-De, Fernando Z." docDate="2021" docId="03850669FF93FFCAFDFE242839E8C900" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-734_1-64.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 734" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dichotomiini Pereira 1954" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFBC7E11FF90FFCEFFAD26453B59CB56" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698929631379" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="EC21D94A2C47253E9F2F9F81170E5AA3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A76E8A4D33033C64BAFB1E983CE63D0B">
<mods:title id="ECA9E14E857E4DAFBD08DE2350AE325C">Taxonomic review of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E06E0691503C12E4AA48B96E9CF64283" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58ED6C61F2C577762210034C28A426C1">
<mods:roleTerm id="45905410BE566FE42E5D41EA1369BCA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D679C0952FF2BA4BFF448F2F8B98A86E">Montoya-Molina, Santiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="11331B429D1CB57E896268583052971C" type="LSID">BC00697E-4F30-497A-A9C3-0C8E7B11B625</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1F111D511BDC14335280A9A558376D0C">Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biosciences, Programa de Pós Graduaç „ o em Ecología e Conservaç „ o da Biodiversidade, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha-Suchdol, 16500, Czech Republic. Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology and Zoology, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E90D675D27E6921D32D36D3CC22DD1F5" type="email">horomo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="84398DEC2803F8FA747F86A6AADCF77F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="88F148A7800BB3F486545E8D1EF02BF0">
<mods:roleTerm id="AE7BDFF24D16E7E469D20491A74EC693">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EBC6EAEA42B287392007676019B63FD3">Vaz-De, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="ED57EE0C614620B29BC8C56D6D94D338">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E7BA710966EC38212B4D92EEF1F5DDBF" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="ACEDB084ED6DD0DCDE4C43FD26D74736">
<mods:title id="72A426BF212971A528FCA402C955A991">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E65AC479DE0F521BE7B6A5C35760956E">
<mods:date id="0395D97EC8FE920AF20CE1C86D0D473A">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9FC55AADAD26532C9F924AE2E2A15C9B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C6A86973FE414E26FBB6FB077FE09E29">2021-02-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D127BEFFE1CA03DFE9575CE36E5BBD95" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9800E3AF8A77FC74220560B451A8FCB2">734</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="42C3E98002A99D6AD013DD6411D20E1E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="FAF5B671BB9600E57DE2B8F3F1702474">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3A50CA355854DFFB3813F5A47E18112F">64</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="8280D099351C12750B8B4B78473288CF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0BDA407A1C5E5E8F7B6F87F70C671DC7" type="CLB-Dataset">8176</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5FD4BD39747D53882684884942164854" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2021.734.1233</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E358EF02F255B213969C441E5F99DD43" type="GBIF-Dataset">fd8f5cb9-13e9-4c90-ac15-502fa7ee8d38</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0C2A0C4F85DD76051FFC09EB6851AA3E" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5BF45D88C786ECC0C9E3BF7F85A88A37" type="Zenodo-Dep">4542107</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="42C599A1A626643D74A0B3ED559628EE" type="ZooBank">663A0C2D-E3CF-4B0C-8BA1-566B174829A2</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03850669FF93FFCAFDFE242839E8C900" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545700" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177420800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545700" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03850669FF93FFCAFDFE242839E8C900" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03850669FF93FFCAFDFE242839E8C900" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="C336E4F4FF93FFCDFDFE242838B9C9DE" box="[595,992,620,648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFDFE242838B9C9DE" blockId="3.[595,992,620,648]" box="[595,992,620,648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFD34242938B9C9DE" ID-CoL="KS9" authority="Pereira, 1954" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1954" box="[665,992,620,648]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dichotomiini">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFD3424293865C9D0" bold="true" box="[665,828,620,646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dichotomiini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDCA8EFF93FFCDFCE9242838B9C9DE" author="Pereira F. S." box="[836,992,621,648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="53 - 172" refId="ref30653" refString="Pereira F. S. 1954. O genero Scatonomus Er. (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia Sao Paulo 1: 53 - 172." type="journal article" year="1954">Pereira, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C336E4F4FF93FFCDFF1024EB3E05C8FC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1024EB3F4AC99F" blockId="3.[189,1043,686,713]" box="[189,1043,686,713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0DB0013FF93FFCDFF1024EB3F4AC99F" bold="true" box="[189,1043,686,713]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFF1024EB3F4AC99F" bold="true" box="[189,1043,686,713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Diagnosis of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFE2624EB383DC99F" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[395,868,686,713]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agenor" subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFE2624EB397FC99F" bold="true" box="[395,550,686,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dichotomius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFD9A24EB39A7C99F" bold="true" box="[567,766,686,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Luederwaldtinia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFCA224EA383DC99F" bold="true" box="[783,868,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">agenor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF10249B3E05C8FC" blockId="3.[188,1400,734,939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Within the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFE11249B3864C9AF" authority="Martinez, 1951" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1951" box="[444,829,734,761]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFE11249B3927C9AE" box="[444,638,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Luederwaldtinia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDCA8EFF93FFCDFD2B249B3864C9AF" author="Martinez A." box="[646,829,734,761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="138 - 142" refId="ref30311" refString="Martinez A. 1951. La invalidez del nombre generico Pinotus Erichson y dos nuevas sinonimias (Col. Scarab.). Anales de La Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 5: 138 - 142." type="journal article" year="1951">Martínez, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFCD6249B3F34C9AE" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[891,1133,734,760]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agenor">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFCD6249B3F34C9AE" box="[891,1133,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dichotomius agenor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDCA8EFF93FFCDFF4E25473916C84A" author="Nunes R. V. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[227,591,769,796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="411 - 420" refId="ref30564" refString="Nunes R. V. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2013. New brachypterous species of Dichotomius Hope, with taxonomic notes in the subgenus Luederwaldtinia Martinez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Zootaxa 3609 (4): 411 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3609.4.3" type="journal article" year="2013">Nunes &amp; Vaz-de-Mello (2013)</bibRefCitation>
can easily be separated from other species groups by the following morphological characters: head of males bearing a transverse trituberculate carina, medial tubercle higher than lateral ones; in females head carina generally bituberculate or quadrituberculate, except in two species (
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFEFE25283AB4C8D1" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[339,493,877,903]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornicatus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFEFE25283AB4C8D1" box="[339,493,877,903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. fornicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFD8E25283865C8D1" authority="Montoya-Molina &amp; Vaz-De, 2021" authorityName="Montoya-Molina &amp; Vaz-De" authorityYear="2021" box="[547,828,877,903]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafanunezi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFD8E25283865C8D1" box="[547,828,877,903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dichotomius rafanunezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26BD616FF93FFCDFCED252838C2C8D1" box="[832,923,877,903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) where they are trituberculate; pronotum without ornamentation, displaying at most a truncate declivity or knob; pronotum convex in females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C336E4F4FF93FFCAFF1025973A94CA3F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1025973A32C8BA" blockId="3.[189,363,978,1004]" box="[189,363,978,1004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0DB0013FF93FFCDFF1025973A32C8BA" bold="true" box="[189,363,978,1004]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFF1025973A32C8BA" bold="true" box="[189,363,978,1004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Redescription</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1022473AF4CF35" blockId="3.[188,1400,1025,1123]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Large to medium-sized species (length:
<quantity id="4CD41A9AFF93FFCDFD3D2247384BCF4A" box="[656,786,1026,1052]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="19.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="11.0">11–28 mm</quantity>
). Body in most cases shiny black to brownish, rarely copper coloured (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFE6222633934CF69" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[463,621,1061,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaeneus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFE6222633934CF69" box="[463,621,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. subaeneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), dark blue (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFCE4226338BDCF69" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[841,996,1061,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornicatus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFCE4226338BDCF69" box="[841,996,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. fornicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or dull green (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFB4F22603A63CF35" authority="Montoya-Molina &amp; Vaz-De, 2021" authorityName="Montoya-Molina &amp; Vaz-De" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafanunezi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFB4F22603A63CF35" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dichotomius rafanunezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26BD616FF93FFCDFEEF220C3AF9CF35" box="[322,416,1097,1123]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1022CE3A0ACE2A" blockId="3.[187,1399,1163,1404]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
HEAD. Wider than long, anterior clypeal margin emarginate (V-shaped when seen from above), producing short, rounded, subtriangular clypeal teeth, in some species clypeal teeth acute (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFB0722EA3E15CF9E" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[1194,1356,1198,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inachoides">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFB0722EA3E15CF9E" box="[1194,1356,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. inachoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or reduced (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFED922963A83CFBA" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[372,474,1234,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFED922963A83CFBA" box="[372,474,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. belus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Male head process (over the front-clypeal suture) consisting of transverse trituberculate carina (here referred to as the cephalic carina), medial tubercle clearly higher than lateral ones (
<figureCitation id="1317ABFAFF93FFCDFEAE235F3A1ACE62" box="[259,323,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,643,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-182@4.[298,1290,643,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Diagnostic characters of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group. A–D. Male diverse trituberculate fronto-clypeal carina shapes. A. D. tristis (Luederwaldt, 1923). B. D. amplicollis (Harold, 1869). C. D. belus (Harold, 1880). D. D. validipilosus (Luederwaldt, 1931). E–F. Female fronto-clypeal carina. E. Bituberculate carina typical of D. tristis. F. Quadrituberculate carina typical of D. amplicollis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4542109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4542109/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A–D) or very slightly higher (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFD48235E38DACE62" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[741,899,1306,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaeneus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFD48235E38DACE62" box="[741,899,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. subaeneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Clypeo-genal suture distinct and clypeogenal junction feebly emarginate. Genal border roundly expanded or even lobed posterior to clypeogenal suture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1023E13F71CD53" blockId="3.[187,1399,1443,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
PRONOTUM. Generally presenting a truncate slope or declivity on anterior portion, except for
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFB7523E13E2DCEEB" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1240,1396,1443,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaeneus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFB7523E13E2DCEEB" box="[1240,1396,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. subaeneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which is convex. Hypomeral medial disc smooth (
<figureCitation id="1317ABFAFF93FFCDFCBC23823833CEB7" box="[785,874,1479,1505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1679,1705]" captionTargetBox="[278,1310,266,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-184@5.[278,1310,266,1653]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. General characters that help differentiate the species of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group. A–D. Ventral clypeal process. A. Cordate as in D. agenor (Harold, 1869). B. Truncate as in D. sagittarius (Harold, 1869) stat. rev. C. Bifurcate as in D. belus (Harold, 1880). D. Cylindrical as in D. henripittieri sp. nov. E–F. Hypomeral characters. E. Medial disc smooth, lateral margin with multiple rows of setae as in D. amplicollis (Harold, 1869). F. Medial disc punctate, lateral margin with single row of setae as in D. tristis (Luederwaldt, 1923). G–H. Metasternum characters. G. Setigerous punctures from the medial and lateral edges joining throughout the margin of the mesocaxa as in D. enioi sp. nov. H. Setigerous punctures from the medial and lateral edges not joining throughout the margin of the mesocaxa as in D. centralis (Harold, 1869). I–J. Elytra interstriae. I. Smooth as in D. amplicollis. J. Shagreened as in D. agenor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4542111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4542111/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFC1B23823F6ECEB7" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[950,1079,1479,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplicollis">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFC1B23823F6ECEB7" box="[950,1079,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">amplicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or punctate (
<figureCitation id="1317ABFAFF93FFCDFB7223823E6FCEB7" box="[1247,1334,1479,1505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1679,1705]" captionTargetBox="[278,1310,266,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-184@5.[278,1310,266,1653]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. General characters that help differentiate the species of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group. A–D. Ventral clypeal process. A. Cordate as in D. agenor (Harold, 1869). B. Truncate as in D. sagittarius (Harold, 1869) stat. rev. C. Bifurcate as in D. belus (Harold, 1880). D. Cylindrical as in D. henripittieri sp. nov. E–F. Hypomeral characters. E. Medial disc smooth, lateral margin with multiple rows of setae as in D. amplicollis (Harold, 1869). F. Medial disc punctate, lateral margin with single row of setae as in D. tristis (Luederwaldt, 1923). G–H. Metasternum characters. G. Setigerous punctures from the medial and lateral edges joining throughout the margin of the mesocaxa as in D. enioi sp. nov. H. Setigerous punctures from the medial and lateral edges not joining throughout the margin of the mesocaxa as in D. centralis (Harold, 1869). I–J. Elytra interstriae. I. Smooth as in D. amplicollis. J. Shagreened as in D. agenor." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4542111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4542111/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFF1323AE3A7DCD52" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[190,292,1515,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFF1323AE3A7DCD52" box="[190,292,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. tristis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), lateral margins displaying single or multiple rows of long setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1020683FBFCDAF" blockId="3.[187,1400,1580,1786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
ABDOMEN. Metepisternum covered by ocellate setigerous punctures, upper posterior margin with subtriangular projection reaching the pseudoepipleuron. Metasternal medial disc smooth, lateral edges with dense pilosity (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFE72203039D9CDD8" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[479,640,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inachoides">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFE72203039D9CDD8" box="[479,640,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. inachoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFD2220303841CDD8" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[655,792,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deyrollei">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFD2220303841CDD8" box="[655,792,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. deyrollei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFC8820303884CDD8" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[805,989,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="validipilosus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFC8820303884CDD8" box="[805,989,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. validipilosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFBBF20303F83CDD8" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[1042,1242,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplicicornis">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFBBF20303F83CDD8" box="[1042,1242,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. simplicicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or dispersed pilosity (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFECF20DC3A9DCDE4" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[354,452,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFECF20DC3A9DCDE4" box="[354,452,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. belus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFE5120DC39C0CDE4" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[508,665,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaeneus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFE5120DC39C0CDE4" box="[508,665,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. subaeneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Anterior portion near meso- and metasternal suture punctate, covered by long setae or not. Medial edges of sternites shiny, smooth or with single row of punctures; lateral portions exhibiting dense ocellate punctures. Male sixth sternite narrowed medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF10216738E5CC09" blockId="3.[189,1398,1825,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
LEGS. Metacoxa displaying single (as in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFD0321673870CC6D" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[686,809,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agenor">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFD0321673870CC6D" box="[686,809,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. agenor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or two rows of setae. Protibia calcar generally spiniform except apically bifurcate in
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFDD121033987CC09" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[636,734,1861,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFDD121033987CC09" box="[636,734,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. belus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFCBA210338ECCC09" baseAuthorityName="Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[791,949,1861,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subaeneus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFCBA210338ECCC09" box="[791,949,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. subaeneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF93FFCDFF1021C23E2ECCBE" blockId="3.[189,1400,1927,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
SEXUAL DIMORPHISM. Smaller or less developed males of
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF93FFCDFCF721CD388BCCF7" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[858,978,1928,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agenor">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF93FFCDFCF721CD388BCCF7" box="[858,978,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D. agenor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group have cephalic carina less developed or, as in females, bearing two tubercles. Females have larger clypeal teeth with deeper emargination, denser and longer pilosity, pronotal disc bearing deeper and denser punctures. Female
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF94FFCAFF10274C3A94CA3F" blockId="4.[188,1399,265,362]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
cephalic carina bi- or quadrituberculate (
<figureCitation id="1317ABFAFF94FFCAFD38274C398CCA75" box="[661,725,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,643,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-182@4.[298,1290,643,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Diagnostic characters of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) agenor species group. A–D. Male diverse trituberculate fronto-clypeal carina shapes. A. D. tristis (Luederwaldt, 1923). B. D. amplicollis (Harold, 1869). C. D. belus (Harold, 1880). D. D. validipilosus (Luederwaldt, 1931). E–F. Female fronto-clypeal carina. E. Bituberculate carina typical of D. tristis. F. Quadrituberculate carina typical of D. amplicollis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4542109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4542109/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E–F), except for
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF94FFCAFC30274F3F6ECA75" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[925,1079,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fornicatus">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF94FFCAFC30274F3F6ECA75" box="[925,1079,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. fornicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF94FFCAFBC3274F3E57CA75" authority="Montoya-Molina &amp; Vaz-De, 2021" authorityName="Montoya-Molina &amp; Vaz-De" authorityYear="2021" box="[1134,1294,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rafanunezi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF94FFCAFBC3274F3E57CA75" box="[1134,1294,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. rafanunezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26BD616FF94FFCAFABB274C3E2BCA75" box="[1302,1394,265,291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, in which is trituberculate. Female sixth abdominal sternite twice as wide in the middle as in males and not narrowed medially.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C336E4F4FF94FFCAFF1027D539E8C900" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF94FFCAFF1027D53A0FCAFC" blockId="4.[189,342,400,426]" box="[189,342,400,426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="D0DB0013FF94FFCAFF1027D53A0FCAFC" bold="true" box="[189,342,400,426]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF94FFCAFF1027D53A0FCAFC" bold="true" box="[189,342,400,426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93B77FFF94FFCAFF10279739E8C900" blockId="4.[189,1399,466,598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
The distribution of the
<taxonomicName id="4C2CCCFCFF94FFCAFE63279739A8CABA" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[462,753,466,493]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agenor" subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF94FFCAFE632797393DCABA" box="[462,612,466,492]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dichotomius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF94FFCAFDD8279639D4CABA" box="[629,653,467,492]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9586B6DFF94FFCAFD33279639A8CABA" box="[670,753,467,492]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">agenor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group is broad, from the north Pacific coast of
<collectingCountry id="F33BF7EFFF94FFCAFF1027B03A4EC959" box="[189,279,501,527]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E8799DFF94FFCAFE8B27B33A22C946" box="[294,379,502,528]" country="Mexico" name="Sonora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sonora</collectingRegion>
desert) to the central region of South America (
<collectingCountry id="F33BF7EFFF94FFCAFC0027B03F71C959" box="[941,1064,501,527]" name="Argentina" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Argentina</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49E8799DFF94FFCAFB9E27B03E42C946" box="[1075,1307,501,528]" country="Argentina" name="Santiago del Estero" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Santiago del Estero</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33BF7EFFF94FFCAFA8A27B03E2AC959" box="[1319,1395,501,527]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49E8799DFF94FFCAFF10245C3ACEC965" box="[189,407,537,563]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mato Grosso state</collectingRegion>
). Altitudinal range is variable, from nearly 3000 metres in the Andes mountain range to sea-level at the Atlantic or Pacific coast.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink