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<document id="A3DEE47C6145914FEC36B77630088EA9" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.659.3.5" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217954" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1722615071203" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mendes, Daniel De Menezes, Dorneles Welker, Cassiano A., Farinaccio, Maria Ana &amp; Teles, Aristônio Magalhães" docDate="2024" docId="03FC61106041FFFE8C86F899DE67F38B" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.659.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 659 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.659.3.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Dimerostemma pantanalense D. M. Mendes &amp; A. M. Teles, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="283" masterDocId="FFC519686040FFF88C0EFFADDB6EF643" masterDocTitle="Contributing to the knowledge of Pantanal Flora: a new endemic species of Dimerostemma (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="285" masterPageNumber="277" pageNumber="278" updateTime="1725542987984" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="040D6CA3000B01D32B39E4944DF6EACD">
<mods:title id="C087E9E013703A6997A4D322620CF69D">Contributing to the knowledge of Pantanal Flora: a new endemic species of Dimerostemma (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:role id="5B79046408DDD5BAD24F000569565158">
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<mods:namePart id="4C93CEB6E25A1AEC50C415C242AF0855">Mendes, Daniel De Menezes</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5226463E6A79F2B391438891F035FED3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0564-2603</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B2E00466E79C975140599E788C54F9B7">Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Biologia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400 - 902, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="209246F85C553A9430EC204A4326D4FA" type="email">dm.mendes08@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="83DDA03F39BF7F2E2E1630EF056DD622" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A1FA72ED82ADAECFB5689DBB6393A703">
<mods:roleTerm id="C6502EED3CE241E660BE1121ACC3468B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0C0A2336DB70BBB8DE1DE3655C3E32F0">Dorneles Welker, Cassiano A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6A3F6203DD88C89EFE34425733726FC1" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6347-341X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B366C5FE35589FB5145DCE4FFB6C119C">Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Biologia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400 - 902, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4F10A0472AB8E4539D4C97D9CCACA8AD" type="email">cassiano_welker@yahoo.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="933DF85F55CFA6EEE3C49EDDE8843A24" type="personal">
<mods:role id="48C0905FFDE5B06A24F9912DA372783E">
<mods:roleTerm id="14751112A117F5ED887F8BBD9C2F8F9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3551DAC6A998EEA919E50EF67F5A3012">Farinaccio, Maria Ana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4587F8F55DB68840D46D2BECE3FF6DF2" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3235-5247</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="734CA01FE7DCA1B1BB682D5C615AB8C7">Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus do Pantanal, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79204 - 902, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3F46E65EC2947FEEC31A4C7DA996AE6" type="email">maria.farinaccio@ufms.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4A6F60D581776ADF90E3D10A218C6510" type="personal">
<mods:role id="586710668BD6634D9D1BC93B7D62C071">
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<mods:namePart id="4674CEAA864544D74CFE96FC48AD152B">Teles, Aristônio Magalhães</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C33641433E0D2760872FD9512A58EAB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1370-044X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="11019B60D99DD433C4E7BEDB83779802">Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690 - 900, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="945D61B55748EED09343B77B35EDF0FB" type="email">teles@ufg.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="944D7BE4BB65E34057B7252E239CA416">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DB22F9B2EA1BDC050D574FF621DED8AA">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F09F1142179F8E3D7D9BB2F2E2BF1A42">
<mods:date id="BD7CC24DE1B4C493BC815832CA8635DD">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="58F691921967B4C5572A4C549CA4B903">2024-07-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="62053A7CE8AC88D9BF05A08D6E166971">659</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E9B7914ECDEFDD4D5CAD8B9132C15A9C">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2D16F2372DA418AD4D64F3E7FD73C845" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.659.3.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CC84E5FECBA3C35DA0A5B2406BBE38E9" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FC61106041FFFE8C86F899DE67F38B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC61106041FFFE8C86F899DE67F38B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC61106041FFFE8C86F899DE67F38B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="283" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
<subSubSection id="C34F838D6041FFF98C86F899D89AF10D" box="[136,1012,1844,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066041FFF98C86F899D89AF10D" blockId="1.[136,1012,1844,1871]" box="[136,1012,1844,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
<heading id="D0A2676A6041FFF98C86F899D89AF10D" box="[136,1012,1844,1871]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856041FFF98C86F899D860F10D" authority="D.M.Mendes &amp; A.M.Teles" authorityName="D. M. Mendes &amp; A. M. Teles" box="[136,782,1844,1871]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98C86F899DAB7F10C" bold="true" box="[136,473,1844,1871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Dimerostemma pantanalense</emphasis>
D.M.Mendes &amp; A.M.Teles
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98F14F899D81EF10D" bold="true" box="[794,880,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A212B16F6041FFF98F14F899D81EF10D" box="[794,880,1844,1870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="136ECC836041FFF98F8EF899D885F10D" box="[896,1003,1844,1870]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[136,229,1848,1870]" captionStartId-1="3.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionStartId-2="4.[136,229,1896,1918]" captionStartId-3="5.[136,229,1116,1138]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1430,197,1807]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1385,190,1928]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,244,1872]" captionTargetBox-3="[155,1431,194,1088]" captionTargetId-0="figure-25@2.[151,1435,190,1824]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@3.[203,1385,190,1928]" captionTargetId-2="figure-61@4.[151,1435,243,1872]" captionTargetId-3="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1091]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Dimerostemma pantanalense. A. Flowering branch. B. Abaxial surface of the leaf showing the suprabasal acrodromous imperfect venation. C. Leaf detail showing the indumentum. D. Front view of the radiate capitulum. E. Radiate capitulum in longitudinal section, showing the convex receptacle. F. Receptacle in longitudinal section showing the conical shape. G. Phyllary from the first series of involucre. H. Phyllary from the second series of involucre. I. Phyllary form the third series of involucre. J. Palea. K. Disc floret and immature cypsela. L. Anther in ventral view. M. Anther in dorsal view. N. Style. O. Ray floret. P. Inner cypsela. Q. Outer cypsela. All from the holotype (COR). Drawn by Klei Sousa." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Field photographs of Dimerostemma pantanalense. A–B. Front view of the radiate capitulum. C. Details of the involucre. D. Habit. E. Population in the natural environment. Photos by D.M. Mendes." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Dimerostemma pantanalense. A. Inner involucral bract. B. Conical receptacle. C. Ray florets. D. Disc floret. E. Inner cypsela. F. Outer cypsela. Photos by D.M. Mendes." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Geographic distribution of Dimerostemma pantanalense." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217956" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217958" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217960" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217962" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13217956/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13217958/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13217960/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13217962/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Figs. 1−4</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F838D6041FFF98C86F82DD9EDFE41" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066041FFF98C86F82DD9EDFE41" blockId="1.[136,1452,1920,2050]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
The new species is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856041FFF98E4CF82DDFA7F1D5" authority="(Hassler 1915: 175) Robinson (1984 b: 621)" authorityName="Robinson" authorityPageNumber="621" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Hassler" baseAuthorityPageNumber="175" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[578,1225,1920,1942]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98E4CF82DD848F1D6" box="[578,806,1920,1941]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Dimerostemma annuum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4ADF76041FFF98F3FF82DD88FF1D5" author="Hassler, E." box="[817,993,1920,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" pagination="161 - 180" refId="ref4440" refString="Hassler, E. (1915) Ex herbario Hassleriano: Novitates paraguariensis. XX. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 14: 161 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19150141007" type="journal article" year="1915">Hassler 1915: 175</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4ADF76041FFF98FE3F82DDFA7F1D5" author="Robinson, H." box="[1005,1225,1920,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" pagination="618 - 626" refId="ref5025" refString="Robinson, H. (1984 b) Studies in Heliantheae (Asteraceae). XXXI. Addition to the genus Dimerostemma. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 97: 618 - 626." type="journal article" year="1984">Robinson (1984b: 621)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but differs mainly in its perennial (
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98D2AF809DA51F1FA" box="[292,319,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">vs.</emphasis>
annual) life-cycle, lanceolate (
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98E69F809D9ECF1FA" box="[615,642,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">vs.</emphasis>
linear) leaf blades, suprabasal acrodromous imperfect (
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF9889BF809DFDEF1FA" box="[1173,1200,1956,1977]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">vs.</emphasis>
hyphodromous) venation, strongly villous to strigose and glandular leaf indumentum (
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98F08F865D84EF19E" box="[774,800,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">vs.</emphasis>
leaves nearly glabrous), convex to conical (
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF988C1F865DF87F19E" box="[1231,1257,1992,2013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">vs.</emphasis>
convex) receptacle, and carinate-alate (
<emphasis id="B9210C146041FFF98D7BF841DAFEFE42" box="[373,400,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">vs.</emphasis>
not carinate-alate) palea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2A808E6042FFFA8C86F895D932FE41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217956" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217956" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217956/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" startId="2.[136,229,1848,1870]" targetBox="[170,1430,197,1807]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066042FFFA8C86F895D932FE41" blockId="2.[136,1452,1848,2051]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8C86F895DA6FF10E" bold="true" box="[136,257,1848,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8D07F894D945F10D" box="[265,555,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856042FFFA8D07F894D949F10D" box="[265,551,1849,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">Dimerostemma pantanalense</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8E3DF895D924F10E" bold="true" box="[563,586,1848,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A.</emphasis>
Flowering branch.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8F01F894D84BF10D" bold="true" box="[783,805,1849,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">B.</emphasis>
Abaxial surface of the leaf showing the suprabasal acrodromous imperfect venation.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8D46F8F1DA0EF131" bold="true" box="[328,352,1884,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">C.</emphasis>
Leaf detail showing the indumentum.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8EDCF8F0D984F131" bold="true" box="[722,746,1885,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">D.</emphasis>
Front view of the radiate capitulum.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8840F8F0DF0AF131" bold="true" box="[1102,1124,1885,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">E.</emphasis>
Radiate capitulum in longitudinal section, showing the convex receptacle.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8E02F82CD970F1D5" bold="true" box="[524,542,1921,1942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">F.</emphasis>
Receptacle in longitudinal section showing the conical shape.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8874F82DDFFDF1D5" bold="true" box="[1146,1171,1920,1942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">G.</emphasis>
Phyllary from the first series of involucre.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8D04F808DA4AF1F9" bold="true" box="[266,292,1957,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">H.</emphasis>
Phyllary from the second series of involucre.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8EEBF808D99BF1F9" bold="true" box="[741,757,1957,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">I.</emphasis>
Phyllary
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856042FFFA8F5AF808D8C8F1F8" box="[852,934,1957,1979]" form="the" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" rank="form">form the</taxonomicName>
third series of involucre.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA88ACF808DFDAF1F9" bold="true" box="[1186,1204,1957,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">J.</emphasis>
Palea.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA88F5F808DE7AF1F9" bold="true" box="[1275,1300,1957,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">K.</emphasis>
Disc floret and immature cypsela.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8D4EF864DA39F19D" bold="true" box="[320,343,1993,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">L.</emphasis>
Anther in ventral view.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8E4BF864D90FF19D" bold="true" box="[581,609,1993,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">M.</emphasis>
Anther in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8F49F864D831F19D" bold="true" box="[839,863,1993,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">N.</emphasis>
Style.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA8FAAF865D8D3F19D" bold="true" box="[932,957,1992,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">O.</emphasis>
Ray floret.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA883DF864DF2BF19D" bold="true" box="[1075,1093,1993,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">P.</emphasis>
Inner cypsela.
<emphasis id="B9210C146042FFFA88D5F865DF9AF19D" bold="true" box="[1243,1268,1992,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Q.</emphasis>
Outer cypsela. All from the holotype (COR). Drawn by Klei Sousa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2A808E6043FFFB8C86F80DD821F199" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217958/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" startId="3.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[203,1385,190,1928]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066043FFFB8C86F80DD821F199" blockId="3.[136,1452,1952,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B9210C146043FFFB8C86F80DDB93F1F6" bold="true" box="[136,253,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Field photographs of
<emphasis id="B9210C146043FFFB8DDEF80CD981F1F6" box="[464,751,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856043FFFB8DDEF80CD985F1F6" box="[464,747,1952,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">Dimerostemma pantanalense</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9210C146043FFFB8EFDF80DD848F1F6" bold="true" box="[755,806,1952,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A–B.</emphasis>
Front view of the radiate capitulum.
<emphasis id="B9210C146043FFFB8884F80DDFCCF1F5" bold="true" box="[1162,1186,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">C.</emphasis>
Details of the involucre.
<emphasis id="B9210C146043FFFB899AF80CDEC2F1F5" bold="true" box="[1428,1452,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">D.</emphasis>
Habit.
<emphasis id="B9210C146043FFFB8CC7F868DB8EF199" bold="true" box="[201,224,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">E.</emphasis>
Population in the natural environment. Photos by D.M. Mendes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34F838D6044FFFE8C86FF32DF8AF767" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="283" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066044FFFC8C86FF32DECCF69B" blockId="4.[136,1452,158,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8C86FF32DBACF6F7" bold="true" box="[136,194,159,180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Type:</emphasis>
—
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<collectingCountry id="F34290966044FFFC8CD5FF32DA5AF6F7" box="[219,308,159,180]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49911EE46044FFFC8D4EFF0DD962F6F6" box="[320,524,159,181]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="628BA88A6044FFFC8E16FF32D90BF6F6" box="[536,613,159,181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Ladário</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E4A7C6044FFFC8E7EFF32D996F6F7" box="[624,760,159,180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Assentamento</collectingMunicipality>
72,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE61B6C16044FFFC8F87FF33D898F6F6" box="[905,1014,158,181]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-19.044722">19º02′41″S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE61B6C16044FFFC880DFF33DF17F6F6" box="[1027,1145,158,181]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-57.5775">57º34′39″W</geoCoordinate>
,
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<elevation id="007837356044FFFC888BFF32DFA9F6F6" box="[1157,1223,159,181]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEBF6C66044FFFC88DDFF32DE03F6F7" box="[1235,1389,159,181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" value="2023-01-09">
<collectingDate id="EFAF0F2E6044FFFC88DDFF32DE03F6F7" box="[1235,1389,159,181]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" value="2023-01-09">9 January 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8974FF0DD92AF69B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">
D.
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC899EFF0DDEC6F6F6" box="[1424,1448,160,181]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Mendes,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8D1AFF69DA4DF69A" box="[276,291,196,217]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8D28FF69DA53F69A" box="[294,317,196,217]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Mendes &amp;
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8DA1FF69DAD0F69A" box="[431,446,196,217]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8DCFFF69DABDF69A" box="[449,467,196,217]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Mendes 72
</emphasis>
(
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3DDA5B6044FFFC8E5EFF6ED88CF69A" box="[592,994,195,217]" collectingDate="2023-01-09" collectionCode="M, P, R, F, COR, ALCB, HUFU, RB, SPF, UFG" country="Brazil" county="Ladario" elevation="130" latitude="-19.044722" location="Pantanal" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.5775" municipality="Assentamento" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" specimenCode="COR00031524" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54EE6EA46044FFFC8E5EFF6ED9C7F69A" box="[592,681,195,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8EBCFF6ED988F69B" box="[690,742,195,216]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">COR</collectionCode>
, barcode
<specimenCode id="DBF3787D6044FFFC8F4CFF6ED8B2F69A" box="[834,988,195,217]" collectionCode="COR" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14331" name="Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">COR00031524</specimenCode>
!;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3DDA5B6044FFFC8FE6FF6EDEF0F69B" box="[1000,1438,195,217]" collectingDate="2023-01-09" collectionCode="M, P, R, F, COR, ALCB, HUFU, RB, SPF, UFG" country="Brazil" county="Ladario" elevation="130" latitude="-19.044722" location="Pantanal" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.5775" municipality="Assentamento" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" specimenCode="COR00031524" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54EE6EA46044FFFC8FE6FF6EDF54F69A" box="[1000,1082,195,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC884CFF6EDFE7F69B" box="[1090,1161,195,216]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15066" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15066" name="Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">ALCB</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8898FF6EDFB1F69B" box="[1174,1247,195,216]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15469" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15469" name="Universidade Federal de Uberlândia" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">HUFU</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC88E5FF6EDE7FF69B" box="[1259,1297,195,216]" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">RB</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8911FF6EDE20F69B" box="[1311,1358,195,216]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15730" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">SPF</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36044FFFC8955FF6EDEFDF69B" box="[1371,1427,195,216]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12703" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12703" name="Universidade Federal de Goiás" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" type="Herbarium">UFG</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2A808E6044FFFC8C86F8C5D94CF1E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217960" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217960/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" startId="4.[136,229,1896,1918]" targetBox="[151,1435,244,1872]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066044FFFC8C86F8C5D94CF1E1" blockId="4.[136,1452,1896,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8C86F8C5DB92F13E" bold="true" box="[136,252,1896,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8D0FF8C4D971F13E" box="[257,543,1896,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856044FFFC8D0FF8C4D975F13E" box="[257,539,1896,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">Dimerostemma pantanalense</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8E2DF8C5D955F13E" bold="true" box="[547,571,1896,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">A.</emphasis>
Inner involucral bract.
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8F16F8C5D840F13E" bold="true" box="[792,814,1896,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">B.</emphasis>
Conical receptacle.
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8FE1F8C5DF68F13D" bold="true" box="[1007,1030,1896,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">C.</emphasis>
Ray florets.
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8871F8C5DFF8F13E" bold="true" box="[1151,1174,1896,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">D.</emphasis>
Disc floret.
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8905F8C5DE4FF13E" bold="true" box="[1291,1313,1896,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">E.</emphasis>
Inner cypsela.
<emphasis id="B9210C146044FFFC8C86F821DBF4F1E2" bold="true" box="[136,154,1932,1953]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">F.</emphasis>
Outer cypsela. Photos by D.M. Mendes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2A808E6045FFFD8C86FBF1D849F232" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217962" box="[136,807,1116,1138]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217962/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" startId="5.[136,229,1116,1138]" targetBox="[155,1431,194,1088]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066045FFFD8C86FBF1D849F232" blockId="5.[136,807,1116,1138]" box="[136,807,1116,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8C86FBF1DB90F232" bold="true" box="[136,254,1116,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856045FFFD8E06FBF1D84DF232" box="[520,803,1116,1137]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">Dimerostemma pantanalense</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066045FFFD8C86FB0DDA2DF125" blockId="5.[136,1452,1184,2075]" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8C86FB0DDBA2F2F9" box="[136,204,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Herbs</emphasis>
perennial, 1.0−
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8D8BFB0DDAA7F2F8" box="[389,457,1184,1211]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
tall.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8E07FB0CD989F2F9" box="[521,743,1184,1211]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Stem and branches</emphasis>
erect or prostrate, slender, cylindrical, hairy, villous.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8950FB0CDEC2F2F9" box="[1374,1452,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Leaves</emphasis>
simple, opposite, and decussate, alternate, and spirally situated on the main branches where the capitula emerge, sessile; leaf blade lanceolate, 3.3−5.6 ×
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8E45FB45D9D6F340" box="[587,696,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="0.8" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.6">0.6−1 cm</quantity>
, base cuneate, margins entire to slightly crenate, plane, apex acute, venation suprabasal acrodromous imperfect, adaxial and abaxial surfaces ranging from slightly to strongly villous at the base of the blade, becoming strigose towards the leaf apex, and glandular.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8FFBFA9DDFCEF309" box="[1013,1184,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Capitulescence</emphasis>
corymbiform.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8947FA9DDEC5F309" box="[1353,1451,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Capitula</emphasis>
heterogamous, radiate, pedunculate; peduncle
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8E9BFAF9D997F32C" box="[661,761,1364,1391]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">8−20 cm</quantity>
long, villous; involucre campanulate, 1.0−2.0 ×
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD892DFAF9DEC9F32C" box="[1315,1447,1364,1391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3−2.5 cm</quantity>
; phyllaries 3-seriate, decreasing in size from the outer series to the inner ones, outer phyllaries narrow-lanceolate, 3.5−5.0 ×
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8D08FA31DAE5F3F4" box="[262,395,1436,1463]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 cm</quantity>
, foliaceus, apex acute, base cuneate, villous; middle phyllaries oval-lanceolate, 0.7−3.2 ×
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8C86FA6DDA64F398" box="[136,266,1472,1499]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 cm</quantity>
, foliaceus, apex acuminate, base cuneate, villous; inner phyllaries oval-lanceolate, 8−10 ×
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8912FA6DDEC9F398" box="[1308,1447,1472,1499]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
, foliaceus or scarious with distal portion foliaceus, apex acuminate, base cuneate, villous; receptacle convex to conical, paleaceous, paleae conduplicate, carinate-alate, 3.0−5.0 mm long, apex acuminate.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8848F9A4DFACF061" box="[1094,1218,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Ray florets</emphasis>
10–40, sterile (with pistillode), corolla liguliform, yellow, tube ca.
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8EAAF981D989F004" box="[676,743,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, lamina oblong to elliptic or narrow-obovate, 1.0−2.0 ×
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8C86F9FDDA62F028" box="[136,268,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3−0.5 cm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8D16F9FCDAF5F029" box="[280,411,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Disc florets</emphasis>
more than 100 per capitulum, bisexual, corolla tubulose, actinomorphic, 4.0−
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD891DF9FDDE04F028" box="[1299,1386,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
long, lobes 5, yellowish, papillate adaxially, tube
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8E8FF9D9D862F0CC" box="[641,780,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8−3.1 mm</quantity>
long, corolla limb ca.
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD881BF9D9DF36F0CC" box="[1045,1112,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, lobes ca.
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD891FF9D9DE04F0CC" box="[1297,1386,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, sparsely pubescent, and usually sparsely setulose abaxially, presenting glandular trichomes at the base; anther thecae
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8C86F911DA61F094" box="[136,271,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.9">1.9−2.1 mm</quantity>
long, blackish; style
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8DF8F911D913F094" box="[502,637,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.4">2.4−2.5 mm</quantity>
long, yellowish, style branches protruding, ca.
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD888AF911DFADF094" box="[1156,1219,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, strongly coiled after anthesis, often glandular-punctate abaxially, apically pilose, appendages short, acute to acuminate, ending with trichomes.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8D0BF8A9DA02F15D" box="[261,364,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Cypselae</emphasis>
oblanceolate to obovate, 2-winged, wings continuous or lacerated
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8851F8A9DFBDF15C" box="[1119,1235,1796,1823]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8−1 mm</quantity>
long, body surface tuberculate,
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8D1BF885DA1AF100" box="[277,372,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long, brown or blackened.
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8EBCF884D868F101" box="[690,774,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">Pappus</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36045FFFD8F01F885D8F4F100" box="[783,922,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="0.2" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.1">0.1−0.3 mm</quantity>
long, coroniform with two slightly developed awns, persistent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066045FFFE8CB3F8DDDF8AF767" blockId="5.[136,1452,1184,2075]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,1481]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="283" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">
<materialsCitation id="3B3DDA5B6045FFFD8CB3F8DDDB8FF191" collectingDate="1998-01-29" collectionCode="CPAN, UFMS, I, L, B, R, H, COR, HUFU" collectorName="Costa &amp; Carvalho &amp; Alvarenga &amp; Rodrigues" country="Brazil" county="Corumba" elevation="125" latitude="-18.999722" location="Unidade" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.629997" municipality="Bairro Universitario" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B9210C146045FFFD8CB3F8DDDA51F1C9" bold="true" box="[189,319,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="282">
<typeStatus id="54EE6EA46045FFFD8CB3F8DDDA57F1C9" box="[189,313,1904,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="282" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
—
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.
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.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8D63FF6EDA8AF69F" box="[365,484,195,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">D. Moraes</collectorName>
&amp;
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.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8E22FF6ED86FF69F" box="[556,769,195,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Damasceno Junior</collectorName>
546
</emphasis>
(
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)
</materialsCitation>
;
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFAF0F2E6046FFFE8981FF6FDA40F743" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" value="2012-02-13">13 February 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8D36FF4ADA22F742" box="[312,332,231,257]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8D58FF4ADAEBF743" box="[342,389,231,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Pott</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8DA9FF4ADAD7F743" box="[423,441,231,256]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8DB2FF4ADAA5F743" box="[444,459,231,256]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8DDAFF4AD96DF743" box="[468,515,231,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Pott</collectorName>
16331
</emphasis>
(
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)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3DDA5B6046FFFE8ECBFF4BDF8EF767" collectingDate="2013-06-30" collectionCode="M, C, J, UEC, ESA" collectorName="Monge &amp; Delfin &amp; Rigon" country="Brazil" county="Ladario" elevation="144" latitude="-19.026667" location="Codrasa" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.596386" municipality="Bifurcacao" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
Rodovia Corumbá—
<collectingCounty id="628BA88A6046FFFE8FBEFF4BDF66F743" box="[944,1032,230,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Ladário</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E4A7C6046FFFE881CFF4BDFE3F743" box="[1042,1165,230,256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Bifurcação</collectingMunicipality>
para a
<location id="8E8A86DD6046FFFE88D5FF4BDE54F743" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC61106041FFFE8C86F899DE67F38B:8E8A86DD6046FFFE88D5FF4BDE54F743" box="[1243,1338,230,256]" country="Brazil" county="Ladario" latitude="-19.026667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.596386" municipality="Bifurcacao" name="Codrasa" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Codrasa</location>
,
<location id="8E8A86DD6046FFFE894AFF4BDEC9F743" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FC61106041FFFE8C86F899DE67F38B:8E8A86DD6046FFFE894AFF4BDEC9F743" box="[1348,1447,230,256]" country="Brazil" county="Ladario" latitude="-19.026667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-57.596386" municipality="Bifurcacao" name="Pantanal" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Pantanal</location>
,
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,
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,
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</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEBF6C66046FFFE8DF3FEA7D9F8F767" box="[509,662,266,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" value="2013-06-30">
<collectingDate id="EFAF0F2E6046FFFE8DF3FEA7D9F8F767" box="[509,662,266,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" value="2013-06-30">30 June 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8EAFFEA6D9D2F767" box="[673,700,267,292]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8EC8FEA6D878F767" box="[710,790,267,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Monge</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8F2CFEA6D856F766" box="[802,824,267,293]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8F4CFEA7D8E6F767" box="[834,904,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Delfin</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8FA2FEA6D8D2F767" box="[940,956,267,292]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26A0B5D06046FFFE8FC9FEA6DF64F767" box="[967,1034,267,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Rigon</collectorName>
1940
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8859FEA7DFFDF767" box="[1111,1171,266,292]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15616" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15616" name="Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">UEC</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4448C36046FFFE8891FEA7DFB7F767" box="[1183,1241,266,292]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14319" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14319" name="Universidade de São Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="Herbarium">ESA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F838D6046FFFE8CB3FE83DADEF42B" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066046FFFE8CB3FE83DEEBF463" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8CB3FE83DA9BF70B" bold="true" box="[189,501,302,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856046FFFE8E1FFE82D835F70B" box="[529,859,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8E1FFE82D835F70B" box="[529,859,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Dimerostemma pantanalense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in the municipalities of Ladário and Corumbá,
<collectingRegion id="49911EE46046FFFE8D0EFEFED948F72E" box="[256,550,338,365]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Mato Grosso do Sul state</collectingRegion>
, within the phytogeographic domain of the Brazilian Pantanal, in fragments of vegetation in the urban zone. In Ladário, the materials
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8EE4FEDADF43F7F7" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">D.M. Mendes et al. 72, D.M. Mendes &amp; R.F. Mendes 127, D.M. Mendes et al. 90, P.P. Oliveira et al. 68, M.D. Moraes &amp; G. Damasceno Junior 546</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8835FE36DE39F7F7" box="[1083,1367,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">A. Pott &amp; V.J. Pott 16331</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8983FE36DA3EF79B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">M. Monge et al. 1940</emphasis>
were collected in anthropic areas. Furthermore, only
<specimenCount id="9D531B8F6046FFFE8F93FE12DF5BF79B" box="[925,1077,446,473]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
was found in the city of Corumbá (
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8C9FFE4EDA15F7BF" box="[145,379,482,509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">L.B. Costa, et al. 81</emphasis>
), almost 30 years ago. All examined materials were collected in herbaceous-shrub secondary vegetation in the semideciduous seasonal forest, with shallow clayey soil and limestone outcrops, and a flat relief.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066046FFFE8CB3FD87DADEF42B" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8CB3FD87DA2DF407" bold="true" box="[189,323,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Phenology:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856046FFFE8D51FD86D9CDF407" box="[351,675,554,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8D51FD86D9CDF407" box="[351,675,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Dimerostemma pantanalense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected with floral buds, flowers, and fruits in January, February, June, July, and November.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F838D6046FFFE8CB3FDDFD84EF357" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066046FFFE8CB3FDDFDB9EF4BB" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8CB3FDDFDA26F4CF" bold="true" box="[189,328,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet is a term from Tupi-Guarani (an Indigenous language) and honors the Pantanal biome, referring to the marsh due to its floodplain nature. Additionally, it also refers to the restricted distribution of the species, which is microendemic to the municipalities of Ladário and Corumbá and strongly influenced by the Brazilian Pantanal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066046FFFE8CB3FCAFD84EF357" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8CB3FCAFD92AF55F" bold="true" box="[189,580,770,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Preliminary conservation status:</emphasis>
—The new species is currently represented by small and isolated populations in the municipality of Ladário,
<collectingRegion id="49911EE46046FFFE8DE9FC8AD869F502" box="[487,775,806,833]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Mato Grosso do Sul state</collectingRegion>
. The highest population density is found in the Alta Floresta II neighborhood, with over 50 individuals, while fewer than 10 individuals are found in other locations. The risk of extinction is imminent, particularly due to urbanization, as most specimens are in vegetated areas within the urban zone, similar to what occurred in the municipality of Corumbá. Despite the high collection effort, this species was not found in the area, with only one record dating back to 1998. Another risk factor is the occurrence of fires in the Pantanal. While fires in the Pantanal are less frequent and more localized compared to the drier vegetation, such as the savannas of the Cerrado, there is an anticipated intensification of fire risk (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4ADF76046FFFE8FC7FC53DFCCF25B" author="Thielen, D. &amp; Ramoni-Perazzi, P. &amp; Puche, M. L. &amp; Marquez, M. &amp; Quintero, J. I. &amp; Rojas, W. &amp; Soto-Werschitz, A. &amp; Thielen, K. &amp; Nunes, A. &amp; Libonati, R." box="[969,1186,1022,1048]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" refId="ref5248" refString="Thielen, D., Ramoni-Perazzi, P., Puche, M. L., Marquez, M., Quintero, J. I., Rojas, W., Soto-Werschitz, A., Thielen, K., Nunes, A. &amp; Libonati, R. (2021) The Pantanal under Siege - On the Origin, Dynamics and Forecast of the Megadrought Severely Affecting the Largest Wetland in the World. Water 13: e 3034. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / w 13213034" type="journal volume" year="2021">
Thielen
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8829FC52DF31F25B" box="[1063,1119,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). This will undoubtedly have a severe impact on vegetation that is not fire-resistant, endangering the flora of the Pantanal. Only specimens in the APA
<collectingRegion id="49911EE46046FFFE8CE7FBEBDA72F223" box="[233,284,1094,1120]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Baía</collectingRegion>
Negra are protected by a Conservation Unit, despite this, these APAs are not fully protected conservation units and are often ineffective because they allow too many human activities to take place in their areas. As a result, these sites are heavily altered by human activities, as is the case with the APA
<collectingRegion id="49911EE46046FFFE8FE6FB23DF75F2EB" box="[1000,1051,1166,1192]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Baía</collectingRegion>
Negra. The GeoCAT tool (GeoCAT 2024) shows that the extent of occurrence (EOO) is
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36046FFFE8EC6FB1FD87BF28F" box="[712,789,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" unit="km" value="9.1">9.1 km</quantity>
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, and the area of occupancy (AOO) is
<quantity id="4CAD7DE36046FFFE88B1FB1FDE6BF28F" box="[1215,1285,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
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. Additionally, following the IUCN Red List (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC4ADF76046FFFE8DECFB7BD893F2B3" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Committee" box="[482,1021,1238,1264]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" refId="ref4524" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2024) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 16. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / resources / redlistguidelines (accessed: 15 April 2024)" type="url" year="2024">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2024</bibRefCitation>
) guidelines, the species is categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), Criterion B1ab (i, ii, iii, iv).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F838D6046FFFE8CB3FAB3DE67F38B" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEAD0066046FFFE8CB3FAB3DE67F38B" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,1481]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8CB3FAB3DAA5F37B" bold="true" box="[189,459,1310,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Taxonomic comments:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856046FFFE8DE9FAB2D840F37B" box="[487,814,1310,1336]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantanalense">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE8DE9FAB2D840F37B" box="[487,814,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">Dimerostemma pantanalense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C55AB856046FFFE888AFAB2DE6FF37B" authorityName="Robinson" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Hassler" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[1156,1281,1311,1336]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dimerostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
<emphasis id="B9210C146046FFFE888AFAB2DE6FF37B" box="[1156,1281,1311,1336]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">D. annuum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mainly due to their herbaceous growth and the arrangement of their capitula. However, it differs from the latter in several characters, such as life-cycle duration, phyllotaxy, leaf attachment, indumentum and shape, venation
<typeStatus id="54EE6EA46046FFFE8873FACADFDEF3C2" box="[1149,1200,1383,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="283">type</typeStatus>
, receptacle, phyllaries series, palea, cypsela and pappus shape, as summarized in
<tableCitation id="C6D7E5BD6046FFFE8F2EFA27D81AF3E7" box="[800,884,1418,1444]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,1528,1552]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological characters of Dimerostemma pantanalense and D. annuum." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2A808E6046FFFE8C86FA55DF71F053" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" tableUuid="DF2A808E6046FFFE8C86FA55DF71F053">Table 1</tableCitation>
. The new species can be differentiated from other species of the genus occurring in the Pantanal by the taxonomic identification key provided as follows.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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