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<document id="64F8DC2F0EAED11B5C404E31D0CAFD86" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5375.3.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10200036" ID-ZooBank="27D02F09-01B7-457A-8A99-D8644B7B6ADE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1700728652862" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arimoto, Kôichi" docDate="2023" docId="03AE8A2DFFB2CF7CFF47ED05FD37FDD0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5375.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5375 (3)" docSource="https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5375.3.1/52332" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Penia smetanai Schimmel 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="325" masterDocId="FF97F255FFA6CF64FFD0EB1BFFFFFFED" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Penia Laporte (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Dendrometrinae) from Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="335" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="321" updateTime="1700729251563" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="AAEDBBB0BE5794C5B0D45DB851BFBE60">Taxonomic revision of the genus Penia Laporte (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Dendrometrinae) from Taiwan</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03AE8A2DFFB2CF7CFF47ED05FD37FDD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE8A2DFFB2CF7CFF47ED05FD37FDD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8A2DFFB2CF7CFF47ED05FD37FDD0" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<subSubSection id="C31D68B0FFB2CF70FF47ED05FDE0F9D5" box="[151,543,1565,1592]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB2CF70FF47ED05FDE0F9D5" blockId="20.[151,543,1565,1629]" box="[151,543,1565,1592]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<heading id="D0F08C57FFB2CF70FF47ED05FDE0F9D5" bold="true" box="[151,543,1565,1592]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB2CF70FF47ED05FDE0F9D5" authority="Schimmel, 1996" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,543,1565,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FF47ED05FDE0F9D5" bold="true" box="[151,543,1565,1592]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FF47ED05FEADF9D5" bold="true" box="[151,338,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Penia smetanai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9646CAFFB2CF70FE89ED06FDE0F9D5" author="Schimmel, R." box="[345,543,1565,1592]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref23525" refString="Schimmel, R. (1996) Das Monophylum Diminae Candeze, 1863 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Elateridae). Pollichia-Buch, 33, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="1996">Schimmel, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D68B0FFB2CF70FF47ED59FEB1F9B0" box="[151,334,1602,1629]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB2CF70FF47ED59FEB1F9B0" blockId="20.[151,543,1565,1629]" box="[151,334,1602,1629]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
(
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB2CF70FF4FED59FEE3F9B1" box="[159,284,1602,1628]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Figures 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB2CF70FEF9ED59FEB9F9B0" box="[297,326,1602,1629]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">15</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D68B0FFB2CF70FF47ED9CFAE9F950" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB2CF70FF47ED9CFAE9F950" blockId="20.[151,1436,1670,1725]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB171C15FFB2CF70FF47ED9CFAE9F950" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA61D2AFFB2CF70FF47ED9CFDE4F973" author="Schimmel, R." box="[151,539,1670,1694]" page="187" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB2CF70FF47ED9CFDE4F973" authority="Schimmel, 1996: 187" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityPageNumber="187" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,539,1670,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FF47ED9CFECAF973" box="[151,309,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Penia smetanai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9646CAFFB2CF70FEEEED9DFDE4F973" author="Schimmel, R." box="[318,539,1670,1694]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref23525" refString="Schimmel, R. (1996) Das Monophylum Diminae Candeze, 1863 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Elateridae). Pollichia-Buch, 33, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="1996">Schimmel, 1996: 187</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description;
<typeStatus id="54BC8599FFB2CF70FCD2ED9CFCD1F972" box="[770,814,1671,1695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F3107BABFFB2CF70FC40ED9DFC22F973" box="[912,989,1670,1694]" name="Taiwan" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C3F5D9FFB2CF70FC38ED9DFB84F973" box="[1000,1147,1670,1694]" country="Taiwan" name="Taichung" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Taichung City</collectingRegion>
, Heping District, Mt. Anma Shan);
<treatmentCitation id="0AA61D2AFFB2CF70FEC0EDBEFE14F950" author="Schimmel, R." box="[272,491,1701,1725]" page="221" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9646CAFFB2CF70FEC0EDBEFE14F950" author="Schimmel, R." box="[272,491,1701,1725]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" pagination="205 - 231" refId="ref23554" refString="Schimmel, R. (2001) Neue und wenig bekannte Diminae-Arten aus China, Indien, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal und Vietnam (Insecta, Coleoptera: Elateridae). Pollichia-Buch, 88, 205 - 231." type="journal article" year="2001">Schimmel, 2001: 221</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 227 (comparison with the other species);
<treatmentCitation id="0AA61D2AFFB2CF70FC49EDBEFB69F950" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5985890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5985890" author="Kundrata, R. &amp; Musalkova, M. &amp; Kubaczkova, M." box="[921,1174,1701,1725]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A648DA7791749B0EFF5115B9FBF6DE86" page="55" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9646CAFFB2CF70FC49EDBEFB69F950" author="Kundrata, R. &amp; Musalkova, M. &amp; Kubaczkova, M." box="[921,1174,1701,1725]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref23051" refString="Kundrata, R., Musalkova, M. &amp; Kubaczkova, M. (2018) Annotated catalogue of the click-beetle tribe Dimini (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Dendrometrinae). Zootaxa, 4412 (1), 1 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4412.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kundrata
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FC2EEDBDFBCEF950" box="[1022,1073,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018: 55
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D68B0FFB2CF72FF47EDF0FBAEFB90" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="323" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB2CF70FF47EDF0FDE6F8C4" blockId="20.[151,1436,1771,2014]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FF47EDF0FEBAF8E8" bold="true" box="[151,325,1771,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6F3166FFB2CF70FE9CEDF0FAA9F8EB" box="[332,1366,1771,1798]" collectionCode="V" country="Taiwan" county="Male" elevation="2225" location="Mt. Anma Shan" municipality="Heping District" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taichung" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FE9CEDF0FE3FF8E8" bold="true" box="[332,448,1771,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<typeStatus id="54BC8599FFB2CF70FE9CEDF0FE44F8E8" box="[332,443,1771,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="62D943B7FFB2CF70FE17EDF0FDFCF8E8" box="[455,515,1771,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Male</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3107BABFFB2CF70FDDEEDF0FD9CF8E8" box="[526,611,1771,1797]" name="Taiwan" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C3F5D9FFB2CF70FDBDEDF0FCF2F8E8" box="[621,781,1771,1797]" country="Taiwan" name="Taichung" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Taichung City</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDCA141FFB2CF70FCC9EDF0FC36F8E8" box="[793,969,1771,1797]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Heping District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ED86DE0FFB2CF70FC04EDF7FB77F8E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE8A2DFFB2CF7CFF47ED05FD37FDD0:8ED86DE0FFB2CF70FC04EDF7FB77F8E8" box="[980,1160,1771,1798]" country="Taiwan" county="Male" municipality="Heping District" name="Mt. Anma Shan" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" stateProvince="Taichung">Mt. Anma Shan</location>
,
<quantity id="4CFF96DEFFB2CF70FB43EDF0FB15F8EB" box="[1171,1258,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" unit="m" value="2225.0">
<elevation id="002ADC08FFB2CF70FB43EDF0FB15F8EB" box="[1171,1258,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" unit="m" value="2225.0">2225 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFB91DFBFFB2CF70FB25EDF0FAA9F8EB" box="[1269,1366,1771,1798]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" value="1992-05-11" valueMax="1992-05-15" valueMin="1992-05-11">
11–15
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FA92EDF7FAA9F8EB" box="[1346,1366,1772,1798]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B6F3166FFB2CF70FA8DEDF0FDEAF8C4" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="A. Smetana" country="Taiwan" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" specimenCode="PSS01" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taichung" typeStatus="paratype">
1992,
<collectorName id="26F25EEDFFB2CF70FF47EC14FEE6F8C4" box="[151,281,1807,1833]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">A. Smetana</collectorName>
leg. [
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FE88EC0BFE4DF8C7" box="[344,434,1808,1834]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">BMNH</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCode id="DBA19340FFB2CF70FE6DEC14FDF1F8C4" box="[445,526,1807,1833]" collectionCode="PSS" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vv09-ccp1" name="Paleontology and Stratigraphic Section of the Geological Institute of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">PSS01</specimenCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB2CF72FF17EC28FBA5FEF0" blockId="20.[151,1436,1771,2014]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="323" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB2CF70FF17EC28FE70F8A0" bold="true" box="[199,399,1843,1869]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Male. Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is characterized by the following features: eyes 0.5 x longer than interocular distance in dorsal view; antennae extending beyond pronotum posterior lateral apices by antennomere
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FB2CEC43FAE3F89F" box="[1276,1308,1880,1906]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">VI</collectionCode>
, surpassing elytral half by antennomere XI; antennomeres
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FD4CEC67FD47F87B" box="[668,696,1916,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">III</collectionCode>
distinctly longer than
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FC61EC67FC38F87B" box="[945,967,1916,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">II</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FC01EC67FC11F87B" box="[977,1006,1916,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">IV</collectionCode>
1.5 x longer than
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FB66EC67FB2AF87B" box="[1206,1237,1916,1942]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">III</collectionCode>
, almost as long as
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FF47ECBBFF56F857" box="[151,169,1952,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">II</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB2CF70FF68ECBBFF2BF857" box="[184,212,1952,1978]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">III</collectionCode>
combined; apical maxillary palpomere 2.8 x longer than wide, shorter than maximum length of eye; pronotum roundly narrowed and distinctly constricted ahead of hind angles; posterior edge of pronotum with a sublateral incision near each hind angle; hind angles of pronotum acute, strongly protruding posterolaterad; hypomeron with slight mesial projection; anterior angle of hypomeron rounded; hind angle of hypomeron claw-like shaped; scutellar shield almost as long as wide; mesosternal process between mesocoxae lower than mesocoxae, not visible in lateral view; posterior edge of mesosternal process less than 0.1 x wider than total width of mesosternum; elytron 4.7 x longer than wide, 4.4 x longer than pronotum length; abdominal ventrite
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FC47EBA0FC54FF38" box="[919,939,187,213]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
semicircular but slightly incurved laterally ahead of apex, rounded apically; phallobase almost as long as wide; apex of parameres beyond preapical expansions bullet-like shaped; apex length 2.4 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF786BB3FFB3CF71FF47ED6DFE20F88B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" startId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" targetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB3CF71FF47ED6DFE20F88B" blockId="21.[151,1437,1654,1894]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB3CF71FF47ED6DFEDBF963" bold="true" box="[151,292,1654,1678]" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB3CF71FEFEED6CFE31F963" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1996" box="[302,462,1655,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB3CF71FEFEED6CFE31F963" box="[302,462,1655,1678]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="322">Penia smetanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF72FF17EA3CFDF9FE64" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
In
<collectingCountry id="F3107BABFFB0CF72FF36EA3CFEC4FEAC" box="[230,315,295,321]" name="Taiwan" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, three species with elongate bodies are known:
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FC84EA3CFC01FEAC" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[852,1022,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FC84EA3CFC9AFEAD" box="[852,869,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FCA4EA3CFC01FEAC" box="[884,1022,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FBDDEA3CFB71FEAC" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1037,1166,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FBDDEA3CFBE1FEAD" box="[1037,1054,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FBFCEA3CFB71FEAC" box="[1068,1166,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FB1DEA3CFAAEFEAD" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1996" box="[1229,1361,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FB1DEA3CFB21FEAD" box="[1229,1246,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FB3CEA3CFAAEFEAD" box="[1260,1361,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">smetanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Their elytra are more than 4× longer than their widths. They are separated from the other species, whose elytra are less than 4× longer than their widths.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF72FF17EA88FF2AFD1C" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FF17EA88FE87FE41" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1996" box="[199,376,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FF17EA88FE87FE41" box="[199,376,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Penia smetanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FD8CEA88FCF7FE40" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[604,776,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FD8CEA88FD92FE41" box="[604,621,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FDAEEA88FCF7FE40" box="[638,776,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the relative length of the basal antennomeres and the development of the mesosternal process between mesocoxae, but is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FB4AEAACFAB8FE3C" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1178,1351,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FB4AEAACFB54FE3D" box="[1178,1195,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FB6DEAACFAB8FE3C" box="[1213,1351,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following contrasting characters (
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FDDDEAC0FD4AFE18" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[525,693,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alishanensis">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FDDDEAC0FDE1FE19" box="[525,542,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FDFBEAC0FD4AFE18" box="[555,693,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">alishanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses): apical maxillary palpomere 2.8 x longer than wide (apical maxillary palpomere 2.3 x longer than wide); hypomeron with slight mesial projection (hypomeron with distinct mesial projection); anterior angle of hypomeron rounded (anterior angle of hypomeron biangular); scutellar shield almost as long as wide (scutellar shield 1.2 x longer than wide); abdominal ventrite
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FBA6E95CFB75FD8C" box="[1142,1162,583,609]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
semicircular but slightly incurved laterally ahead of apex (abdominal ventrite
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FD2FE970FCECFD68" box="[767,787,619,645]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
curved triangular); apex of parameres beyond preapical expansions bullet-like shaped (apex of parameres beyond preapical expansions elongated fan-shaped); apex length 2.4 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side (apex length 2.7 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF72FF17E9E0FBAEFB90" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FF17E9E0FE8DFCF9" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1996" box="[199,370,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FF17E9E0FE8DFCF9" box="[199,370,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Penia smetanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FDB4E9E0FD1DFCF8" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[612,738,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FDB4E9E0FD8AFCF9" box="[612,629,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FD50E9E0FD1DFCF8" box="[640,738,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by many characters (
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB0CF72FC1AE9E0FBB6FCF8" authorityName="Arimoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[970,1097,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FC1AE9E0FC24FCF9" box="[970,987,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FC37E9E0FBB6FCF8" box="[999,1097,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses): antennomeres
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FF47E804FF4CFCD4" box="[151,179,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">III</collectionCode>
distinctly longer than
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FE63E804FE39FCD4" box="[435,454,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">II</collectionCode>
(antennomeres
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FDAAE804FD72FCD4" box="[634,653,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">II</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FD15E804FD1EFCD4" box="[709,737,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">III</collectionCode>
similar, short); antennomeres
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FBE9E804FBA9FCD4" box="[1081,1110,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">IV</collectionCode>
1.5 x longer than
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FAF7E804FAB9FCD4" box="[1319,1350,799,825]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">III</collectionCode>
, almost as long as
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FEC8E858FED5FCB0" box="[280,298,835,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">II</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FEE9E858FEAAFCB0" box="[313,341,835,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">III</collectionCode>
combined (antennomeres
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FD59E858FD59FCB0" box="[649,678,835,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">IV</collectionCode>
3.3 x longer than
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FC55E858FC5BFCB0" box="[901,932,835,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">III</collectionCode>
, 1.8 x longer than
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FB57E858FB66FCB0" box="[1159,1177,835,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">II</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FB78E858FB3BFCB0" box="[1192,1220,835,861]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">III</collectionCode>
combined); apical maxillary palpomere 2.8 x longer than wide, shorter than maximum length of eye (apical maxillary palpomere 3.7 x longer than wide, longer than maximum eye length); posterior edge of pronotum with sublateral incisions (posterior edge of pronotum without sublateral incisions); hypomeron with slight mesial projection (hypomeron without mesial projection); anterior angle of hypomeron rounded (anterior angle of hypomeron biangular); hind angle of hypomeron claw-like shaped (hind angle of hypomeron narrowly triangular); abdominal ventrite
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FB24E8ECFAF7FBFC" box="[1268,1288,1015,1041]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
semicircular (abdominal ventrite
<collectionCode id="ED16A3FEFFB0CF72FE50EF00FE6BFBD8" box="[384,404,1051,1077]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
trapezoidal); apex of parameres beyond preapical expansions bullet-like shaped (apex of parameres beyond preapical expansions blade-like shaped); apex length 2.4 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side (apex length 1.8–1.9 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D68B0FFB0CF7CFF17EF9CFB46FDF4" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="22" pageNumber="323" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF72FF17EF9CFC91FB28" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FF17EF9CFE81FB4C" bold="true" box="[199,382,1159,1185]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Measurements.</emphasis>
BL: 10.5, BW: 3.42, MAE: 1.46, MBE: 0.72, OI: 203, PL: 1.86, PML: 1.53, PW: 2.45, PAW: 1.51, PLI: 75.8, PWI: 162, EL: 8.12, EW: 1.73, EI: 471, BI: 438.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF72FF17EFD5FC4CFA70" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB0CF72FF17EFD5FE8AFB05" bold="true" box="[199,373,1230,1256]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Redescription.</emphasis>
Body elongated, widest behind elytral midlength (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FC7EEFD4FBE9FB04" box="[942,1046,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
); surface surface generally smooth but prothorax and abdomen with microstructures; interspaces between punctures distinctly larger than fine puncture diameter (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FEDAEE0CFE69FADC" box="[266,406,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14A, B</figureCitation>
). Color. Body, antennae and legs brown. Lateral margins of pronotum and elytra, external margins of hypomeron and prosternum, and posterior margin of abdominal ventrite V yellowish. External edges of mandible and pronotum, posterior edge of prosternum, outer and posterior edges of hypomera, and anterior edges of scutellum and elytra blackish. Body covered with long yellow setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF72FF17EEBCFB3CF90C" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
Head. Frons flatted medially (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FDC8EEBCFD5FFA2C" box="[536,672,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14C, D</figureCitation>
); frontal carina not complete (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FC25EEBCFBA3FA2C" box="[1013,1116,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
); frontal margin rectangular, nearly straight apically but weakly protruding medially in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FC6CEED0FBDAFA08" box="[956,1061,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
); frontoclypeal region protruding beyond base of labrum. Eyes protuberant, 0.5 x longer than interocular distance in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FB69EEF4FADFF9E4" box="[1209,1312,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
). Antennae extending beyond pronotum posterior lateral apices by antennomere VI, surpassing elytral half by antennomere XI; antennomeres longer than wide; II obconical, shortest, 1.1 x longer than wide; III weakly serrated, 2.2 x longer than wide, 2.4 x longer than II; IV weakly serrated, 3.3 x longer than wide, 1.5 x longer than III, almost as long as II–III combined (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FEC5ED64FE84F974" box="[277,379,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
); V–XI filiform; V 3.7 x longer than wide, almost as long as x longer than IV; XI 7.9 x longer than wide, 1.2 x longer than X. Mandible bidentate (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FD3EEDB8FCA9F950" box="[750,854,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
). Apical maxillary palpomere elongated securiform (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FF4FEDDCFEFCF90C" box="[159,259,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
), 2.8 x longer than wide, shorter than maximum length of eye; anterior edge rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB0CF73FF17EDF0FC8DFCB0" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,861]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">
Prothorax. Pronotum hexagonal, 0.8 x longer than wide, roundly widening anteriorly and then roundly narrowed, distinctly constricted ahead of hind angles (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FDA6EC14FD23F8C4" box="[630,732,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
), widest across posterior lateral apices, tallest behind midlength (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FF4FEC28FEF4F8A0" box="[159,267,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
), without median longitudinal depression posteriorlyn; anterior edge weakly concave; anterior angles simple, nearly right angle; punctate lateral ridge extending from anterior angles to hind angles (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FB38EC4CFAACF89C" box="[1256,1363,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
); hind angles simple, acute, strongly protruding posterolaterad; posterior edge with a moderate sublateral incision near each hind angle, without carinae next to sublateral incisions (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FCC1EC84FC85F854" box="[785,890,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
). Hypomeron with slight mesial projection (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB0CF72FABFEC84FF34F830" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="323">Fig. 14H</figureCitation>
: arrow); anterior angle rounded; mesial edge weakly sinuate; mesial and posterior margins with impunctate ridge (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FF0FEB8CFEB8FF5C" box="[223,327,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14H</figureCitation>
); posterior margin with triangular projection between two large emarginations; hind angle claw-like shaped. Prosternum strongly incurved ventrally in lateral view; anterior lobe distinctly protruding beyond prosternal ventral line in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FE1BEBC4FDCCFF14" box="[459,563,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
); anterior edge rounded in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FC29EBC4FBA0FF14" box="[1017,1119,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
). Prosternal process slender, 1.9 x longer than procoxal cavity length, concave between procoxae, strongly curved dorsad from middle of procoxal cavities in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FE76EA3CFDF1FEAC" box="[422,526,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
), without subapical tooth; dorsal lobe slightly roundly expanded anterior to apex in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FE9FEA50FE54FE88" box="[335,427,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14I</figureCitation>
); ventral lobe weakly roundly expanded near base and then abruptly narrowed posterad in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FEE5EA74FE6CFE64" box="[309,403,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14I</figureCitation>
); ventral margin almost straight but slightly expanded medially in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FAF5EA74FA70FE64" box="[1317,1423,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
); apex rounded in lateral and ventral views (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FD59EA88FCF3FE40" box="[649,780,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G, I</figureCitation>
). Pronotosternal sutures not grooved (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FB16EA88FACEFE40" box="[1222,1329,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14H</figureCitation>
), straight anteriorly and curved posteriorly in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FD09EAACFCBEFE3C" box="[729,833,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
), slightly opened anteriorly. Scutellar shield tongue-shaped (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FF23EAC0FEAEFE18" box="[243,337,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14J</figureCitation>
), almost as long as wide, widest anteriorly, weakly constricted anteriorly, almost parallel-sided and then narrowed posteriad, flat, inclined anterior-downwards, not visible in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FBBFEAE4FB26FDF4" box="[1135,1241,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
); anterior margin triangular; posterior edge rounded. Mesosternum: borders of mesosternal cavity straight anteriorly and then obtusely curved in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FE71E95CFDF3FD8C" box="[417,524,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
); mesosternal process between mesocoxae lower than mesocoxae, not visible in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FEF7E970FE71FD68" box="[295,398,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
); posterior edge less than 0.1 x wider than total width of mesosternum, emarginate (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FAF9E970FA6FFD68" box="[1321,1424,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14K</figureCitation>
). Mesepisternum reaching mesocoxal cavity (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FD41E994FD02FD44" box="[657,765,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14K</figureCitation>
). Metasternum sulcate medially and anterior to metacoxal cavities (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FF2CE9A8FE9EFD20" box="[252,353,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
). Metacoxal plate narrowed toward outer side, becoming like a parallel-sided bar at its outer 7/
<quantity id="4CFF96DEFFB1CF73FA51E9A8FF52FD1C" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
ventral view (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FE82E9CCFE45FD1C" box="[338,442,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
). Elytron convex but flat in median area, with outer margin narrowly depressed, widest behind middle, 4.7 x longer than wide, 4.4 x longer than pronotum length; apex rounded; elytral striae defined by lines of elongated punctures. Hind wings fully developed. Tibiae with paired spurs; relative tarsomere lengths: IV&lt;III II&lt;V&lt;I; tarsomeres III and IV with lobe ventrally (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFB1CF73FCD0E858FC9AFCB0" box="[768,869,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Fig. 14L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF786BB3FFB1CF73FF47EC6EFBC1F85C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" startId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" targetPageId="23" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFB1CF73FF47EC6EFBC1F85C" blockId="23.[151,1437,1909,1969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB1CF73FF47EC6EFEDDF860" bold="true" box="[151,290,1909,1933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0740B8FFB1CF73FEFAEC6DFE37F860" authorityName="Schimmel" authorityYear="1996" box="[298,456,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Penia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smetanai">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFB1CF73FEFAEC6DFE37F860" box="[298,456,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="324">Penia smetanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFBECF7CFF17EB8CFB46FDF4" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
Abdomen. Ventrite V semicircular but slightly incurved laterally anterior to apex, rounded apically (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFAF9EB8CFA70FF5C" box="[1321,1423,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1654,1678]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[151,1436,181,1630]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: habitus, dorsal side; B: habitus, ventral side; C: head, anterior view; D: head, dorsal view; E: basal antennomeres of left antenna; F: left maxillary palp, dorsal side; G: head, prothorax and mesothorax, lateral view (black arrow: the direction perpendicular to the base of ventral lobe of prosternal process, white arrow: the direction perpendicular to the mesosternal process between mesocoxae); H: left hypomeron (arrow: hypomeron with slight mesial projection); I: prosternal process from the direction perpendicular to base of ventral lobe (black arrow of figure 14G); J: scutellar shield; K: mesothorax from the direction perpendicular to mesosternal process between mesocoxae (white arrow of figure 14G); L: right mid tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200065/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
), 0.6 x longer than wide. Tergites and sternites VIII‒X yellow. Tergite VIII trapezoidal, 0.85 x longer than wide, narrowed posteriad, weakly incurved laterally anterior to posterior lateral apices; posterior edge emarginate (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFABFEBC4FF33FEF0" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
). Sternite VIII posteriorly widely concave between two projections (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFC01EA18FBC7FEF0" box="[977,1080,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
); posterior lateral angle weakly protruding posterad. Tergite IX 1.3 x longer than wide; median notch 1/3 x total length of tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFAF7EA3CFA70FEAC" box="[1319,1423,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
). Tergite X longer than wide, rounded apically (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFD49EA50FD01FE88" box="[665,766,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
). Sternite IX 3.45 x longer than wide, constricted anterior to midlength (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFEC9EA74FE7EFE64" box="[281,385,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
), rounded apically. Aedeagus yellow (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFCFFEA74FC4CFE64" box="[815,947,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15E, F</figureCitation>
). Phallobase 0.2 x total length of aedeagus, almost as long as wide. Median lobe exceeding apices of parameres by apical 1/20; basal struts 0.2 x total length of median lobe. Parameres elongtae, not fused ventrally (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFD22EAACFCABFE3C" box="[754,852,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
); preapical expansions projecting anterolaterad (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFABFEAACFF34FE18" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15G</figureCitation>
); apex beyond preapical expansions bullet-like shaped (
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFCEFEAC0FC58FE18" box="[831,935,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,885,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-341@23.[151,1436,885,1886]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Penia smetanai, paratype, male (PSS01). A: tergite VIII; B: sternite VIII; C: tergites IX–X; D: sternite IX; E: aedeagus, dorsal side; F: aedeagus, ventral side; G: apical part of left paramera, ventral side." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200067/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 15G</figureCitation>
), rounded apically, with a seta dorsally, with two or four setae ventrally; apex length 2.4 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D68B0FFBECF7CFF17E939FD37FDD0" box="[199,712,546,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB83B3BFFBECF7CFF17E939FD37FDD0" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,712,546,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="B973E729FFBECF7CFF17E939FE9EFDD1" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3107BABFFBECF7CFEB7E938FE42FDD0" box="[359,445,547,573]" name="Taiwan" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49C3F5D9FFBECF7CFE17E938FD99FDD0" box="[455,614,547,573]" country="Taiwan" name="Taichung" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Taichung City</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="133C27BEFFBECF7CFDA6E938FD48FDD0" box="[630,695,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,902,926]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,188,872]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,879]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Taiwan. A: location of Taiwan; B: the collection sites of the material used in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10200038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10200038/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="325">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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