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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.18.3713" ID-PMC="PMC3666603" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-18-11" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7E184E3D6272D3698A33FFA963063A49" ID-PubMed="23730190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576149" ModsDocID="1314-2003-18-11" checkinTime="1451251968595" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kamer, Hiltje Maas-van de, Maas, Paul J. M. &amp; Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2012" docId="030D577AEB8E48DF1A8932DBC7960E95" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 18: 11-18" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 18" docPubDate="2012-11-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.18.3713" docTitle="Costus loangensis H. Maas &amp; Maas 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="7E184E3D6272D3698A33FFA963063A49" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="7E184E3D6272D3698A33FFA963063A49" masterDocTitle="Costus loangensis, an exciting new species from Gabon, Africa" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1668140408545" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Costus loangensis, an exciting new species from Gabon, Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kamer, Hiltje Maas-van de</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity (section NHN) / Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Generaal Foulkesweg 37, 6703 BL Wageningen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity (section NHN) / Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Generaal Foulkesweg 37, 6703 BL Wageningen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departments of Plant and Microbial Biology and Integrative Biology &amp; The University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2012-11-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>11</mods:start>
<mods:end>18</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.18.3713</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.18.3713</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-18-11</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7E184E3D6272D3698A33FFA963063A49</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576149</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152024432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:030D577AEB8E48DF1A8932DBC7960E95" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/030D577AEB8E48DF1A8932DBC7960E95" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName LSID="030D577A-EB8E-48DF-1A89-32DBC7960E95" authority="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus loangensis" order="Scitamineae" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis" status="sp. nov.">Costus loangensis H. Maas &amp; Maas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="1" pageNumber="12" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Photographs of Costus loangensis from the single known population. Photo credit: J. P. Vande weghe." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10200" pageId="1" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) is a short-stemmed (about 0.5 m tall) plant with few (6-7) leaves and with completely yellow flowers. Stems and leaves are covered with
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="13" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
dense indument of erect to half-appressed hairs.
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Costus spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fenzl) K.Schum., another short-stemmed yellow-flowered species, by having a well developed aerial stem.
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="2" pageNumber="13" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="13">Costus spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits savannas and has only 4
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="14" start="start">leaves</pageBreakToken>
that remain strongly pressed to the ground.
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Baker, also a short-stemmed and indumented plant, by the colour of its flowers (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a pale pink flower) and the length of the calyx (5-7mm in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
v. 11-12mm in
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Use of characters to differentiate Costus loangensis from other African species with similar morphological characters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9022E38423A83C1C6B8FADFF4D657B13" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="9022E38423A83C1C6B8FADFF4D657B13">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10200" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Photographs of
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the single known population. Photo credit: J.P. Vande weghe.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="9022E38423A83C1C6B8FADFF4D657B13" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9022E38423A83C1C6B8FADFF4D657B13" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Table 1.</emphasis>
Use of characters to differentiate
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other African species with similar morphological characters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<table pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Species</emphasis>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Flower color</emphasis>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Stem height</emphasis>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Bract appendage</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">yellow</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">0.5m</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">yellow</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">0m</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">pale pink to white</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">0.5m</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">No</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koechlin" authorityYear="1964" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gabonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus gabonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">yellow</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">1.5m</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" rowspan="1">Yes, red/brown reflexed</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">P.J.M. Maas, F.J. Breteler, C.D. Specht, H. Maas-van de Kamer, R. Niangadouma 10184</emphasis>
(holotype WAG; isotypes K, LBV, MO, UC), Gabon, prov.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Maritime">Ogooue-Maritime</normalizedToken>
: Parc Nacional de Loango, between Lodge and Staff building,
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.3" value="-1.9120277">1°54'43.3&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.6" value="9.326">9°19'33.6&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, wet forest on white sand, along forest trail, at about sea level, 9 November 2011.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
Terrestrial herb, 0.5-0.6 m tall, stems dark brownish red.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Leaves</emphasis>
: dark olive-green, several (6-7) concentrated at the apex of the stem; sheaths dark red, 0.6-0.8 cm diam.; ligule green, 2-lobed, 15-18 mm long, membranous; petiole 5-6 mm long; sheaths sparsely to rather densely covered with erect to half-appressed hairs ca. 2 mm long, ligule and petiole densely to rather densely so; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 14-16 by 5-6 cm, densely to rather densely covered with erect to half-appressed hairs 1.5-2 mm long on both sides, zone along midrib sometimes reddish, base attenuate, apex acute.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Inflorescence</emphasis>
: 3-5-flowered, ovoid, 2 by 1-1.5 cm, terminating the leafy stem; outer side of bracts, bracteoles and calyx densely covered with appressed to half-appressed hairs ca. 0.2 mm long, ovary sparsely so.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Flower</emphasis>
: 1 per bract; bracts brown to reddish brown, chartaceous, narrowly ovate-triangular to ovate-triangular, 1.7-2 by 0.5-1 cm, callus 2.5-3 mm long; appendages absent; bracteole reddish, boat-shaped, 15-18 mm long, callus 1.5-2 mm long; calyx reddish to greenish, 11-12 mm long, lobes deltate, ca. 2 mm long, callus ca. 1 mm long; corolla yellow, 50-55 mm long, tube 20-25 mm long, lobes narrowly elliptic, 30-35 mm long, outer side rather densely covered with half-appressed hairs ca. 1 mm long particularly near the apex, together forming a hood over the throat opposite the labellum, apex with a callus-like thickening; labellum yellow, horizontally flattened with funnel-shaped base, broadly obovate when spread out, 30-40 by 40-50 mm, margin fimbriate (fimbriae 2-3 mm long); stamen yellow, 25-30 by 7-10 mm, apex reflexed, anther 5-7 mm long; ovary narrowly obovoid, ca. 6 mm long, stigma bilamellate, dorsal appendage 2-lobed.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Fruit</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">seeds</emphasis>
not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
Gabon (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Map of locality for Costus loangensis. The red dot represents the type locality." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10201" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Only known from the type location.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10201" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Map of locality for
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The red dot represents the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" type="habitat and ecology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="14">
In wet forest, on white sand soil under rain forest canopy (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Costus loangensis habit and habitat, as being studied by co-author P. J. M. Maas. Photo credit: H. Maas-van de Kamer." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10202" pageId="3" pageNumber="14">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Elevation just above sea level. Flowering: November; fruiting: unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10202" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="15" start="start">Figure</pageBreakToken>
3.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
habit and habitat, as being studied by co-author P.J.M. Maas. Photo credit: H. Maas-van de Kamer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="15" type="phylogenetic relationship">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Phylogenetic relationship.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
Based on a combined 4 molecular marker (CAM, ITS, ETS, rpb2) phylogenetic analysis with taxon sampling that included African species in the genus
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. Maas &amp; Maas is found to be well supported as sister to a clade of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Baker specimens (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogeny of African Costus species (Table 2) including newly described Costus loangensis. The phylogeny was constructed in PhyML (Guindon and Gascuel 2003) with aligned sequence data for two low copy nuclear markers [calmodulin (cam) intron (Johansen 2005) and rpb 2 (Specht 2006 a)] and nrDNA markers ITS and ETS. All nodes indicated have&gt; 50 % bootstrap support." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10203" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fits within the general distribution range of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however no populations of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found in sympatry.
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted in elevation to just above sea level, while
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is commonly found 0-600m above sea level throughout low-elevation rain forests in Cameroon and Gabon.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10203" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Phylogeny of African
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. List of collections included in phylogeny to place Costus loangensis sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8E232E21423D47885F9D6DC8B70FE888" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" tableUuid="8E232E21423D47885F9D6DC8B70FE888">Table 2</tableCitation>
) including newly described
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The phylogeny was constructed in PhyML (
<bibRefCitation author="Guindon, S" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="5" pageNumber="16" pagination="696 - 704" publicationUrl="10.1080/10635150390235520" refId="B2" refString="Guindon, S, Gascuel, R, 2003. PhyML: A simple, fast and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood. Systematic Biology 52 (5): 696 - 704, 10.1080/10635150390235520" title="PhyML: A simple, fast and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood." url="10.1080/10635150390235520" volume="52" year="2003">Guindon and Gascuel 2003</bibRefCitation>
) with aligned sequence data for two low copy nuclear markers [calmodulin (cam) intron (
<bibRefCitation author="Johansen, LB" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="5" pageNumber="16" pagination="106 - 117" publicationUrl="10.1600/0363644053661931" refId="B3" refString="Johansen, LB, 2005. Phylogeny of Orchidantha (Lowiaceae) and the Zingiberales based on six DNA regions. Systematic Botany 30 (1): 106 - 117, 10.1600/0363644053661931" title="Phylogeny of Orchidantha (Lowiaceae) and the Zingiberales based on six DNA regions." url="10.1600/0363644053661931" volume="30" year="2005">Johansen 2005</bibRefCitation>
) and rpb2 (
<bibRefCitation author="Specht, CD" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="5" pageNumber="16" pagination="88 - 108" publicationUrl="10.1600/036364406775971840" refId="B5" refString="Specht, CD, 2006a. Systematics and Evolution of the tropical monocot family Costaceae (Zingiberales): a multiple dataset approach. Systematic Botany 31 (1): 88 - 108, 10.1600/036364406775971840" title="Systematics and Evolution of the tropical monocot family Costaceae (Zingiberales): a multiple dataset approach." url="10.1600/036364406775971840" volume="31" year="2006 a">Specht 2006a</bibRefCitation>
)] and nrDNA markers ITS and ETS. All nodes indicated have&gt;50% bootstrap support.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="8E232E21423D47885F9D6DC8B70FE888" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8E232E21423D47885F9D6DC8B70FE888" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Table 2.</emphasis>
List of collections included in phylogeny to place
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<table pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">L87-0185</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10205</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H.Maas" authorityYear="2016" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="albiflos">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus albiflos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10411</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10206</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="dubius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus dubius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">GH89-0918</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aureus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus aureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
M9302 (vouchered from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Burger’s">Burger's</normalizedToken>
Bush)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lucanusianus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus lucanusianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10000</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lucanusianus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus lucanusianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">L87-0286</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10329</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10267</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ligularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus ligularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">BB 1998-0923003</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflorus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus lateriflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M9995</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflorus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus lateriflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10331</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1898" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lateriflorus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus lateriflorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">GH98-224</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus spectabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">GH96-284</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koechlin" authorityYear="1964" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gabonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus gabonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10291</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koechlin" authorityYear="1964" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gabonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus gabonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">CS02-339</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="tappenbeckianus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus tappenbeckianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10226</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="tappenbeckianus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus tappenbeckianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">GH94-628</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="talbotii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus talbotii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">BB 2003-0109009</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Schum" authorityYear="1892" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="phyllocephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus phyllocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">M10389</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Schum" authorityYear="1892" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="phyllocephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus phyllocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">L87-0057</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="K. Schum" authorityYear="1892" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="phyllocephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus phyllocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" rowspan="1">BB 2001-0402004</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<tableNote pageId="4" pageNumber="15">L=Lyon Arboretum</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<tableNote pageId="4" pageNumber="15">M=Maas collection</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<tableNote pageId="4" pageNumber="15">CS=C. Specht collection</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<tableNote pageId="4" pageNumber="15">GH=Greenhouse at Smithsonian NMNH</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<tableNote pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
BB=
<normalizedToken originalValue="Burger’s">Burger's</normalizedToken>
Bush
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="15" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Not recorded. This plant seems to go unnoticed by the local population and has no known uses.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Maas &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2012" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Scitamineae" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="loangensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="15">Costus loangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named after the place where it was photographed and now has been collected and documented for the first time: near the Loango Lodge, in &quot;Parc Nacional de Loango&quot; in Gabon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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