239 lines
29 KiB
XML
239 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="BA7F1C2A5EAEE52FAD621D2154A474EC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274560" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9fc437e2-66c1-4ad4-8adb-af1018d0f4d4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274560" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459995792914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duellman, William E. & Chaparro, Juan Carlos" docDate="2008" docId="364F87F91E23FF85FF48F8EFFCDED37A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01918p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1918" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pristimantis spectabilis Duellman & Chaparro, 2008, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="CA76FF811E25FF8DFFDFF968FFABD020" masterDocTitle="Two distinctive new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera Oriental with a distributional synopsis of strabomantids in Central Peru" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698232833032" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C25384FF4351B6B702ED289BC65DC215" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D9A0D5FF8A638E8030814099AC8D5EC6">
|
||
<mods:title id="C8E774449828E2228F9423B8FD55BDAD">Two distinctive new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera Oriental with a distributional synopsis of strabomantids in Central Peru</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="855A8BF11D8F46EE39B1640F2F885ED8" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0CB6AFEC4780B5AE8E03D7D73AAD527E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7EAD3176C71C2DF2BC260139C49796F7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B87EC13BDA0021E2085845F9AC6126FC">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F088CBB075148D940A9973E491C86B60" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F101AAC6D76F1F6A1F6DFB3F0F4329CE">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="9A1F374A165D61099E387CA41C51F852">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="455C7C8CA68A62C72E73C3FB74D1B39D">Chaparro, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="7C98510D81E805C0C22F0E88F169745A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="39475F554CCBA2E851A486427448060E" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8905BA40C85377C370C430D36CCEF03C">
|
||
<mods:title id="0614704CF328F3A23D0A2D0EFBE2B8E1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="0BBDB1CA7505BA87EF08FDB57201257D">
|
||
<mods:date id="EF9205EC54C2F513905ACCD2374FE62D">2008</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D1FFBB1C83B24F1EF418070A2D36449B" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="C9BA371F7C8FD8E214DD6AA2405E26C6">1918</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="46EE0BD70F60D8CD68F8AA2330FDF3DF" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8C39BDB576EF7E6B92770ED68EDDAFC4">13</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="04DFF93CFFD851010DFE1B878590EFD8">25</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="10C28D0CDC3A26C128BA0C365CA82232">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="97FDDE623A8F6BAF92CE33C17EEDFE7A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274560</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="593FB609594281A65910A4A172F4DDDA" type="GBIF-Dataset">9fc437e2-66c1-4ad4-8adb-af1018d0f4d4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6F3D34261BFE0D15EDF546336E8925DF" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FAD371509ACA145A2EFC744815C4E83B" type="Zenodo-Dep">274560</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="364F87F91E23FF85FF48F8EFFCDED37A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5622280" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119380289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5622280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:364F87F91E23FF85FF48F8EFFCDED37A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/364F87F91E23FF85FF48F8EFFCDED37A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E23FF8BFF48F8EFFDEED181" box="[151,581,391,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E23FF8BFF48F8EFFDEED181" blockId="6.[151,581,391,417]" box="[151,581,391,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<heading id="E51181831E23FF8BFF48F8EFFDEED181" bold="true" box="[151,581,391,417]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFF48F8EFFDEED181" bold="true" box="[151,581,391,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFF48F8EFFE05D181" box="[151,430,391,417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFF48F8EFFE05D181" bold="true" box="[151,430,391,417]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Pristimantis spectabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97A157861E23FF8BFE6AF8EFFDEED181" box="[437,581,391,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E23FF8BFF48F8BAFE2DD21C" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E23FF8BFF48F8BAFE2DD21C" blockId="6.[151,1437,466,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFF48F8BAFEA6D1CB" box="[151,269,466,491]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<typeStatus id="615D884D1E23FF8BFF48F8BAFEADD1CB" box="[151,262,466,491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8F7AE2A1E23FF8BFEC9F8BAFEC5D1CC" box="[278,366,466,492]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/25c9-tsqt" name="Musee d'Histoire Naturelle - La Chaux-de-Fonds" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">MHNC</collectionCode>
|
||
7073, a subadult female, from Santa Bárbara,
|
||
<quantity id="791E9B0A1E23FF8BFC7BF8BAFBA9D1CC" box="[932,1026,466,492]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
, Distrito Huancabamba, Provincia Oxapampa, Departamento Pasco,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6F1767F1E23FF8BFDEBF892FDC1D234" box="[564,618,506,532]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DBD250281E23FF8BFDA1F892FCE8D234" box="[638,835,506,532]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" precision="1" value="-10.3374195">10°20' 14.71" S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DBD250281E23FF8BFC8AF892FB8DD234" box="[853,1062,506,532]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" precision="1" value="-75.64104">75°38' 27.73" W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), obtained on
|
||
<date id="CA58102F1E23FF8BFB04F892FAD8D234" box="[1243,1395,506,532]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" value="2008-05-05">5 May 2008</date>
|
||
by Amanda J. Delgado.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E23FF8BFF19FB22FB55D5F4" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E23FF8BFF19FB22FEB1D4B4" blockId="6.[151,1437,466,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFF19FB22FEEDD244" bold="true" box="[198,326,586,612]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFD10FB22FB37D243" box="[719,1180,586,612]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unistrigatus" subGenus="Pristimantis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFD10FB22FCF5D243" box="[719,862,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFCB0FB22FC55D243" box="[879,1022,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFBCFFB22FB37D243" box="[1040,1180,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group (as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA774B1E1E23FF8BFF48FB1AFE23D2AC" author="Hedges" box="[151,392,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" refString="Hedges, S. B., Duellman, W. E. & Heinicke, M. P. (2008 a) New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa, 1737, 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">Hedges et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) because it has expanded digital discs supported by T-shaped terminal phalanges, Finger I shorter than Finger II, and Toe V much longer than Toe III. It has: (1) skin on dorsum smooth; that on venter smooth with scattered small tubercles; discoidal fold absent; dorsolateral folds absent; (2) tympanic membrane differentiated; tympanic annulus distinct, its length about 56% length of eye; (3) snout rounded in dorsal view and in profile; (4) upper eyelid lacking tubercles, much narrower than IOD; cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous processes of vomers absent; (6) condition of vocal slits and nuptial pads unknown; (7) Finger I much shorter than Finger II; discs expanded, elliptical, about 1.5 times width of digit proximal to disc; (8) fingers lacking lateral fringes; (9) row of low subconical ulnar tubercles; (10) heel lacking tubercles; outer edge of tarsus bearing row of low, rounded tubercles; distinct inner tarsal fold; (11) inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, elevated, about 3
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFEB6FAB2FED2D3D3" box="[361,377,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">×</emphasis>
|
||
subconical outer metatarsal tubercle; supernumerary plantar tubercles few, low on proximal segments; (12) toes lacking lateral fringes; webbing absent; Toe V much longer than Toe III; discs slightly smaller than those on fingers; (13) dorsum mottled brown and black with discrete white spots and white interorbital bar; venter tan with dark gray spots and midventral line; (14) SVL unknown in males,
|
||
<quantity id="791E9B0A1E23FF8BFB3EFD3AFAE1D44C" box="[1249,1354,1106,1132]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="22.7">22.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in single female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E23FF8BFF19FDCAFB55D5F4" blockId="6.[151,1437,466,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The coloration alone distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFDBFFDCBFCDFD49C" box="[608,884,1187,1212]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFDBFFDCBFCDFD49C" box="[608,884,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Pristimantis spectabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other Peruvian members of the genus. The only other Peruvian member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFDABFDA3FC3CD4C4" box="[628,919,1227,1252]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unistrigatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFDABFDA3FC3CD4C4" box="[628,919,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Pristimantis unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group with smooth skin on the venter is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFA59FDA3FE2ED52C" authority="Jimenez" authorityName="Jimenez" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadematus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFA59FDA3FEB5D52C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">P. diadematus</emphasis>
|
||
Jiménez
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de la Espada, a much larger species (females up to
|
||
<quantity id="791E9B0A1E23FF8BFC3BFD9AFBE6D52C" box="[996,1101,1266,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="44.5">44.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL) in the Amazon Basin. It differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFE98FC73FE74D514" box="[327,479,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">P. s p e c t a b i l i s</emphasis>
|
||
by having fringes on the fingers and toes, lacking ulnar tubercles, having a narrower IOD (upper eyelid about 75% IOD, contrasted to 39% in
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFC56FC2BFB8BD57C" box="[905,1056,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">P. s p e c t a b i l i s</emphasis>
|
||
), and by having an entirely different color pattern. Among Peruvian
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFDA5FC03FCBBD5A4" box="[634,784,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFDA5FC03FCA7D5A4" box="[634,780,1387,1412]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the pale interorbital bar is essentially unique to
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFA59FC03FEB7D58C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFA59FC03FEB3D58C" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabilis">P. spectabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Some individuals of an Amazonian species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E23FF8BFCF5FCFBFB5DD58C" authority="Duellman and Mendelson" authorityName="Duellman and Mendelson" box="[810,1270,1426,1452]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luscombei">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFCF5FCFBFC15D58C" box="[810,958,1427,1452]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">P. luscombei</emphasis>
|
||
Duellman and Mendelson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have a cream or tan interorbital bar that is expanded anterior to the snout or posteriorly to the occipital region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E23FF85FF19FC8AFDE5D122" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E23FF8BFF19FC8AFD46D794" blockId="6.[151,1437,466,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E23FF8BFF19FC8AFE5ED5DC" bold="true" box="[198,501,1506,1532]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="615D884D1E23FF8BFE5DFC8AFE44D5DC" box="[386,495,1506,1532]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A subadult female with head narrower than body, head width 29.5% of SVL; head length 35.2% of SVL; snout short, rounded in dorsal view and in profile, barely protruding beyond margin of lower jaw; eye-nostril distance 74% of diameter of eye; nostrils slightly protuberant, directed laterally at level just behind anterior margin of lower lip. Canthus rostralis nearly straight, rounded in profile, not elevated; loreal region noticeably concave; lips slightly flared; internarial region not depressed; top of head flat; upper eyelid lacking tubercles; its width 38.6% of IOD; cranial crests absent; supratympanic fold thin, extending from posterior edge of orbit, angling ventrally at point posterodorsal to tympanum, barely obscuring upper edge of tympanum; tympanic annulus distinct, smooth; tympanic membrane differentiated, smooth; tympanum round, 55.5% of diameter of eye, separated from eye by distance slightly greater than diameter of tympanum; one slightly enlarged postrictal tubercle. Choanae small, ovoid, not obscured by palatal shelf; dentigerous processes of vomers not evident; tongue about twice as long as wide, shallowly notched behind, posterior two thirds not adherent to floor of mouth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E23FF8AFF19FEAAFE8CD29A" blockId="6.[151,1437,466,2012]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1298]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Skin on all surfaces smooth; discoid fold not evident; dorsolateral folds absent; cloacal sheath short, no tubercles in cloacal region. Ulnar tubercles low, subconical; thenar tubercle elliptical, elevated; palmar tubercle deeply bifid, elevated; subarticular tubercles large, rounded, none bifid; supernumerary tubercles absent; fingers rather short, lacking lateral fringes; relative lengths of fingers I <II <IV <III; Finger I much shorter than Finger II; discs on Fingers III and IV elliptical, about 1.5 times width of digit proximal to disc; all fingers having terminal ventral pads weakly defined by circumferential grooves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26DD2A6A1E22FF8AFC26F850FB96D172" box="[1017,1085,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A and B" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1269,1293]" captionTargetBox="[341,1245,797,1241]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[338,1249,794,1245]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A and B. Hand and foot of Pristimantis lucasi. C and D. Hand and foot of Pristimantis spectabilis. Scale bars = 3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274561/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6F1767F1E22FF8AFBB3F850FB0CD172" box="[1132,1191,312,338]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs slender; when hind limbs flexed perpendicular to axis of body heels overlap by about one fourth length of shank; tibia length 50.7% of SVL; foot length 48.9% of SVL; heel lacking tubercles; outer edge of tarsus bearing row of low, rounded tubercles; distinct inner tarsal fold on distal three-fourths of tarsus; inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, elevated, about three times size of subconical outer metatarsal tubercle; toes slender, lacking lateral fringes, bearing elliptical terminal discs slightly smaller than those on fingers; webbing absent; relative lengths of toes I <II <III <V <IV; Toe III much shorter than Toe V; Toe III not extending to antepenultimate subarticular tubercle on Toe IV; Toe V extending nearly to proximal base of penultimate subarticular tubercle on Toe IV; subarticular tubercles large, rounded; supernumerary tubercles few, only on proximal segments of toes IV and V (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26DD2A6A1E22FF8AFF63FBC8FF55D29A" box="[188,254,672,698]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A and B" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1269,1293]" captionTargetBox="[341,1245,797,1241]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[338,1249,794,1245]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A and B. Hand and foot of Pristimantis lucasi. C and D. Hand and foot of Pristimantis spectabilis. Scale bars = 3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274561/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E22FF8AFF19FBA0FA24D3F2" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Coloration in preservative: Dorsum of body and limbs brown with conspicuous white interocular bar and small spots on body and shanks; flanks tan with two broad diagonal marks on each side; limbs brown with darker brown transverse bars—one each on wrist, forearm, and tarsus, two each on thigh and shank. Head markings consisting of three dark brown labial bars on dull tan lips and dark brown postorbital bar; canthal stripe absent. Posterior surfaces of thighs tan except for large, triangular, black subcloacal patch. Venter dull tan with black markings—diffuse spots, narrow midventral line from throat to posterior edge of abdomen, and narrow diagonal marks laterally on throat; palmar and plantar surfaces black with tan tubercles and toe pads.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E22FF8AFF19FA88FC50D532" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Coloration in life: Dorsum dull brown with chocolate brown markings narrowly outlined in cream; narrow irregular dorsolateral tan area confluent with ground color on dorsal aspects of flanks, becoming reddish orange ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26DD2A6A1E22FF8AFEB9FD58FE06D46A" box="[358,429,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[153,1418,1342,1958]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,1342,1963]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pristimantis spectabilis— A and B. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype, MHNC 7073, subadult female, 22.7 mm SVL. Photographed prior to preservation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274563/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Markings on head consisting of dark brown labial bars on reddish brown upper lips, dark brown postorbital stripe, pair of dark brown oval spots outlined with cream anterior to level of orbits, and broad greenish white interocular bar on anterior parts of upper eyelids; small greenish white spots on dorsum of body and shanks. Posterior surfaces of thighs reddish brown; ventral surfaces reddish orange with scattered black flecks, irregular, narrow black line from throat to posterior part of abdomen, and diagonal bars laterally on throat; palmar and plantar surfaces mostly black with orange tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EA9966671E22FF8AFF48FED1FD13D7D3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274563/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[153,1418,1342,1958]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E22FF8AFF48FED1FD13D7D3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1977,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E22FF8AFF48FED1FEB3D7F1" bold="true" box="[151,280,1977,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E22FF8AFEC0FED1FD99D7F0" box="[287,562,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E22FF8AFEC0FED1FE0AD7F0" box="[287,417,1977,2000]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
|
||
spectabilis—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A and B. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype, MHNC 7073, subadult female, 22.7 mm SVL. Photographed prior to preservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E2DFF85FF19F9F0FDE5D122" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<typeStatus id="615D884D1E2DFF85FE42F9F0FDAFD092" box="[413,516,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in mm: SVL 22.7, tibia length 11.5, foot length 11.1, head length 8.0, head width 6.7, IOD 4.4, internarial distance 2.2, width of upper eyelid 1.7, diameter of eye 2.7, eye-nostril distance 2.0; diameter of tympanum 1.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E2DFF85FF19F867FC54D182" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E2DFF85FF19F867FC54D182" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FF19F867FDABD109" bold="true" box="[198,512,271,297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="615D884D1E2DFF85FC65F878FC47D10A" box="[954,1004,272,298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality at an elevation of
|
||
<quantity id="791E9B0A1E2DFF85FAF9F878FAD4D10A" box="[1318,1407,272,298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
at the upper limits of the elfin forest or “ceja de montaña,” where the terrestrial
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FBE4F850FE8ED15A" authority="Chaparro, Padial" authorityName="Chaparro, Padial" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FBE4F850FAE0D171" box="[1083,1355,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
Chaparro, Padial
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6F1767F1E2DFF85FEB4F808FE26D15A" box="[363,397,352,378]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva was found under moss. The single specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FB94F808FAC8D159" box="[1099,1379,352,377]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FB94F808FAC8D159" box="[1099,1379,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Pristimantis spectabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was perched on a leaf about
|
||
<quantity id="791E9B0A1E2DFF85FE70F8E0FE53D182" box="[431,504,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
|
||
above the ground at night in the dry season.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E2DFF85FF19F8C7FD9BD1D2" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E2DFF85FF19F8C7FD9BD1D2" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FF19F8C7FEF8D1E9" bold="true" box="[198,339,431,457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a Latin adjective meaning showy or notable and refers to the rather gaudy color pattern of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6FC65641E2DFF85FF19F897FCDED37A" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E2DFF85FF19F897FDC2D2B2" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FF19F897FE94D239" bold="true" box="[198,319,511,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Persons unfamiliar with the diversity of strabomantid frogs, especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FB66FB68FAE3D239" box="[1209,1352,512,537]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FB66FB68FAE3D239" box="[1209,1352,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Pristimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Andes, might look askance at the act of describing a species based on a single specimen. However, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="615D884D1E2DFF85FAB6FB40FA30D262" box="[1385,1435,552,578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FEF1FB38FE62D249" box="[302,457,592,617]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FEF1FB38FE62D249" box="[302,457,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">P. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is so strikingly different from any other species known from the region that we do not hesitate to name it as a new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE5936EF1E2DFF85FF19FBC8FCDED37A" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
We tentatively place this species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FD72FBC8FC92D299" box="[685,825,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unistrigatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FD72FBC8FC92D299" box="[685,825,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group of the subgenus
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FBBAFBC8FB57D299" box="[1125,1276,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FBBAFBC8FB53D299" box="[1125,1272,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pristimantis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6F1767F1E2DFF85FAD8FBC8FA83D29A" box="[1287,1320,672,698]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA774B1E1E2DFF85FF48FBA0FE3ED2C2" box="[151,405,712,738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" refString="Hedges, S. B., Duellman, W. E. & Heinicke, M. P. (2008 a) New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa, 1737, 1 - 182." type="journal article">
|
||
Hedges
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FF29FBA0FE9BD2C1" box="[246,304,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this group is a catch-all and certainly is not monophyletic. We anticipate that molecular data will aid in the placement of this species, which is like members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79E64D6C1E2DFF85FBD6FB98FA80D329" box="[1033,1323,752,777]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unistrigatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C92EAFD1E2DFF85FBD6FB98FA80D329" box="[1033,1323,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="21">Pristimantis unistrigatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group in having Toe V much longer than Toe III, but it differs from most members of the group in having smooth skin on all surfaces and weak circumferential grooves on the digits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |