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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c8cb720e-0576-492c-a4e4-8e0597ae666b" ID-PMC="PMC8476484" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-182-67" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BAFBF41163635F388E1F186B16AE411A" ID-PubMed="34629928" ModsDocID="1314-2003-182-67" checkinTime="1632228606382" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Clark, John L., Tobar, Francisco, Clavijo, Laura, Perret, Mathieu &amp; Graham, Catherine Helen" docDate="2021" docId="B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 182: 67-82" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 182" docPubDate="2021-09-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016" docTitle="Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BAFBF41163635F388E1F186B16AE411A" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="BAFBF41163635F388E1F186B16AE411A" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Columnea (Gesneriaceae) from the western Andean slopes of Ecuador and Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1668142428970" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three new species of Columnea (Gesneriaceae) from the western Andean slopes of Ecuador and Colombia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Clark, John L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-6380</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Science Department, The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jclark@lawrenceville.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tobar, Francisco</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8172-673X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Area de Investigacion y Monitoreo de Avifauna, Aves y Conservacion - BirdLife en Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador &amp; Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador QCNE, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Clavijo, Laura</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-9158</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Perret, Mathieu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Geneve, Ch. de l'Imperatrice 1, CH- 1292 Chambesy, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Graham, Catherine Helen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-09-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>182</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>67</mods:start>
<mods:end>82</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-182-67</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BAFBF41163635F388E1F186B16AE411A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="188459457" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName LSID="B082E489-CCCE-5138-A9C3-54B5E2F9630A" authority="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata" status="sp. nov.">Columnea angulata J.L. Clark &amp; Tobar</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="67">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar A mature flower B front view of flower C ventral view of flower showing laterally compressed corolla tube D dorsiventral habit (A, D from J. L. Clark et al. 12198 B from J. L. Clark 10968 C from J. L. Clark et al. 7413). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590850" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar A dorsiventral habit B lateral view of flower C dissected corolla showing filaments and ventral view of the anthers D dorsal view of the anthers E lateral view of ovary and nectary gland F dorsal view of nectary gland G lateral view of calyx and style, showing shallowly bifid stigma H lateral view of flower. Illustrated by M. J. Gavilanes, based on F. Tobar et al 3409." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590851" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
Differs from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea picta" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea picta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a shallow bilabiate corolla limb (vs. deeply bilabiate corolla limb) and a corolla perpendicular to oblique relative to the calyx (vs. corolla straight relative to the calyx).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2003-03-19" collectorName="Cerro de la Plata, J. L. Clark, F. Nicolalde, R. Hall" country="US" county="Camino del Oso" elevation="2050" latitude="0.3" location="Cotacachi" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.76667" municipality="Bosque Protector Los Cedros" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Imbabura" typeStatus="holotype">
Ecuador
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Imbabura">Imbabura</collectingRegion>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:84E285EC9E30419194907B7B37D206E5" country="US" county="Camino del Oso" latitude="0.3" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.76667" municipality="Bosque Protector Los Cedros" name="Cotacachi" stateProvince="Imbabura">Cotacachi</location>
, parroquia
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:264695B327628E2F12656CFBEE4A6BFF" country="US" county="Camino del Oso" latitude="0.3" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.76667" municipality="Bosque Protector Los Cedros" name="Garcia Moreno" stateProvince="Imbabura">
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
Moreno
</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:5BFA3947AF43D3833D10133BF5CB6443" country="US" county="Camino del Oso" latitude="0.3" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.76667" municipality="Bosque Protector Los Cedros" name="Cordillera de Toisan" stateProvince="Imbabura">
Cordillera de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Toisán">Toisan</normalizedToken>
</location>
,
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:18C5BFC0612CC80329C46C319D79CC79" country="US" county="Camino del Oso" latitude="0.3" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.76667" municipality="Bosque Protector Los Cedros" name="Cerro de la Plata" stateProvince="Imbabura">Cerro de la Plata</location>
</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Bosque Protector Los Cedros</collectingMunicipality>
, sendero
<collectingCounty>Camino del Oso</collectingCounty>
, north of lodge,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.3">0°18'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.76667">78°46'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="2050.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="1500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="2050.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500-2600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2003-03-19">19 Mar 2003</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<collectorName>J.L. Clark</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>F. Nicolalde</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>R. Hall</collectorName>
7413
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: US [
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
3492386]; isotypes: AAU, COL, K, MO, QCA, QCNE, SEL, UNA)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
Facultative epiphyte with dorsiventral shoots to 1.5 m long, subwoody, suffrutescent, glabrescent below, sparsely pilose above; internodes 7-10 cm near base, then clustered at branch apex. Leaves opposite, strongly anisophyllous, papyraceous when dry; larger leaf nearly sessile, petioles 0.1-0.4 cm long, pilose; blade asymmetric, oblanceolate to oblong, 7-28
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-9.5 cm, base oblique, apex acuminate, margin serrate, adaxially uniformly dark green to red with dark red apex, glabrous, abaxially light green, upper regions of margins, and apical third of leaf dark red, sparsely pilose to densely pilose along the venation, lateral veins 7-15, primary and secondary veins occasionally red; smaller leaf sessile, sometimes appressed to the dorsal surface of stem; blade asymmetric, lanceolate 0.5-2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-0.6 cm, base oblique, apex acuminate, margin serrate, green with red apex on both surfaces, glabrous adaxially, sparsely pilose to densely pilose along the venation and margins abaxially. Inflorescence reduced to a single axillary flower (rarely 2-3); peduncles absent or highly reduced (&lt;0.2 cm); bracts 1-2, light green, lanceolate, 0.7-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-0.4 cm, glabrous on both sides. Flowers subtended by elongate pedicels, 1.5-2.5 cm long, sparsely to densely pilose, tightly appressed to the abaxial leaf surface when immature, becoming pendent during anthesis; calyx lobes 5, nearly free, mostly equal in size and shape, dorsal lobe slightly smaller, lobes appressed to flower when immature and spreading during anthesis, from uniformly yellow, to red with yellow margins, to yellow with a large reddish mid-region, 1.5-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-1 cm, ovate to broadly oblong, apex acuminate to acute, margin serrate, pilose on both surfaces; corolla tubular, appearing perpendicular to calyx via a sigmoid-shaped corolla tube, 2.1-3.5 cm long, outer and inner surfaces pilose, base appearing laterally compressed, limb shallowly bilabiate, white suffused with yellow on lower two thirds, more yellow toward apex, splotches of dark red on lower portion of lateral and ventral lobes, light yellow patch below lobes, red streaks abaxially, lobes 0.3-0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-0.5 cm. Androecium of 4 stamens, filaments connate at the base and forming a filament curtain for 0.2-0.4 cm, free portion of filaments 3-3.5 cm long, glabrous; anthers longer than broad, ca. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5 mm, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; staminode absent; nectary a bilobed dorsal gland, glabrous; ovary superior, densely pilose, 0.2-0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2 cm, style ca. 2.5 cm long, glabrous, stigma included and shallowly bifid. Fruit not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">This species has been found with flowers in two periods: February to May and August to October.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">The specific epithet is in reference to the angulate or bent corolla tube. The corolla is nearly perpendicular to the calyx lobes because of the sigmoid-shaped tube.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Distribution and preliminary assessment of conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is locally abundant in forests along the western slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes in the provinces of Cotopaxi, Imbabura, Pichincha, and Santo Domingo de los
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tsáchilas">Tsachilas</normalizedToken>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of Columnea angulata (circles), C. floribunda (triangles), C. tecta (squares), and C. picta (asterisks). Note that C. picta ranges from southern Ecuador to northwestern Colombia (exceeding the range of the currently described species) (Map generated by Marco Monteros)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590849" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">1</figureCitation>
) where it grows in mature forests and the shaded understory of recently cleared forests, from 1500 to 2600 m in elevation. It is especially common along the old highway between Quito and Santo Domingo. It has been documented in two protected areas: Reserva
<normalizedToken originalValue="Florística-Ecológica">Floristica-Ecologica</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Guajalito and Bosque Protector Los Cedros. According to the IUCN Red List criteria (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN [Species Survival Commission]" journalOrPublisher="Rheedea" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" refId="B4" refString="IUCN [Species Survival Commission], 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge." title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge." year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
) for limited geographic range (B1, less than 20,000 km2) and considering the uncertain future of habitat conservation of western Andean forests (B2b, c),
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be listed in the category Vulnerable (VU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique from other
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the posture of the pendent mature flowers where the corolla tubes are oriented oblique to perpendicular relative to the calyx (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar A mature flower B front view of flower C ventral view of flower showing laterally compressed corolla tube D dorsiventral habit (A, D from J. L. Clark et al. 12198 B from J. L. Clark 10968 C from J. L. Clark et al. 7413). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590850" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar A dorsiventral habit B lateral view of flower C dissected corolla showing filaments and ventral view of the anthers D dorsal view of the anthers E lateral view of ovary and nectary gland F dorsal view of nectary gland G lateral view of calyx and style, showing shallowly bifid stigma H lateral view of flower. Illustrated by M. J. Gavilanes, based on F. Tobar et al 3409." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590851" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">3B</figureCitation>
). Another defining character is a constriction at the base of the corolla tube that makes it appear laterally compressed (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar A mature flower B front view of flower C ventral view of flower showing laterally compressed corolla tube D dorsiventral habit (A, D from J. L. Clark et al. 12198 B from J. L. Clark 10968 C from J. L. Clark et al. 7413). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590850" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">2C</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea picta" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea picta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. angulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are vegetatively similar and grow sympatrically. These two species are differentiated by the presence of deeply bilabiate corolla tubes in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea picta" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea picta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Columnea picta H. Karst A lateral view of flower featuring deeply bilobed corolla B ventral view of flower during anthesis C mature flower featuring curled lower lobe D dorsiventral habit (A, B from J. L. Clark &amp; L. Jost 16301 C from J. L. Clark et al. 15393 D from J. L. Clark, M. Mailloux &amp; S. Seger 7942). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590854" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">6A</figureCitation>
) in contrast to the shallowly bilabiate corolla tubes in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. angulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Columnea angulata J. L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar A mature flower B front view of flower C ventral view of flower showing laterally compressed corolla tube D dorsiventral habit (A, D from J. L. Clark et al. 12198 B from J. L. Clark 10968 C from J. L. Clark et al. 7413). Photos by J. L. Clark." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590850" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">2B, C</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. tecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="tecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. tecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by an elongate corolla tube (vs. corolla tube that does not exceed the calyx lobes in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. tecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="tecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. tecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and single axially flowers (rarely 2-3) in contrast to the abundant clusters of 3-5 axially flowers in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. floribunda" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="floribunda">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. floribunda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea picta" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea picta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. angulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the two most commonly collected species in this complex and readily differentiated by the entire calyx margin in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. picta" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="picta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. picta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and serrate calyx margin in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. angulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C. angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590850" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A</emphasis>
mature flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B</emphasis>
front view of flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
ventral view of flower showing laterally compressed corolla tube
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">D</emphasis>
dorsiventral habit (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A, D</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">J.L. Clark et al. 12198</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">J.L. Clark 10968</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">J.L. Clark et al. 7413</emphasis>
). Photos by J.L. Clark.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Ecuador" location="Cotopaxi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cotopaxi">
<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Cotopaxi">Cotopaxi</collectingRegion>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
Sigchos, parroquia San Francisco de las Pampas, Bosque Integral Otonga
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-01-26" collectorName="Clark, Munoz" country="US" elevation="1900" latitude="-0.4195" location="US" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-79.00317" specimenCount="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="25.17" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-0.4195">0°25.17'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="0.19" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-79.00317">79°0.19'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2001-01-26">26 Jan 2001</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
J.L.
<collectorName>Clark</collectorName>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">
<collectorName>Munoz</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
6125
</emphasis>
(QCA, QCNE, SEL, UNA,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2003-04-17" collectorName="J. L. Clark" country="US" county="Pichincha" elevation="1700" latitude="-0.016666668" location="Nono" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.61667" municipality="Quito" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty>Pichincha</collectingCounty>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<collectingMunicipality>Quito</collectingMunicipality>
, parroquia
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:2B3CACA410A3429B7ABE1A188B3BF6B4" country="US" county="Pichincha" latitude="-0.016666668" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.61667" municipality="Quito" name="Nono">Nono</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:EE2D7E042D02BB5060F35967E70539FF" country="US" county="Pichincha" latitude="-0.016666668" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.61667" municipality="Quito" name="El Pahuma Orchid Reserve">El Pahuma Orchid Reserve</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
east of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:349212F58EA5131145D611890BAD3F90" country="US" county="Pichincha" latitude="-0.016666668" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.61667" municipality="Quito" name="Nanegalito">Nanegalito</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="1" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.016666668">0°1'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.61667">78°37'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2003-04-17">17 Apr 2003</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<collectorName>J.L. Clark</collectorName>
et al. 7648
</emphasis>
(QCA, QCNE, SEL, UNA,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-05-23" collectorName="J. L. Clark, C. Aulestia" country="US" county="San Miguel" elevation="1800" latitude="-0.012222222" location="Mindo Loma Cloud Forest Reserve" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.74139" municipality="Bancos" specimenCount="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<collectingCounty>San Miguel</collectingCounty>
de los
<collectingMunicipality>Bancos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:F2715DB2B8AAA2B43FF6D0B15276D120" country="US" county="San Miguel" latitude="-0.012222222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.74139" municipality="Bancos" name="Mindo Loma Cloud Forest Reserve">Mindo Loma Cloud Forest Reserve</location>
, km 73.5 via Calacali-La
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:1A6A1D02A2AA68A84349B7ED337BAE10" country="US" county="San Miguel" latitude="-0.012222222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.74139" municipality="Bancos" name="Independencia">Independencia</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
past the entrance to the village of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:516FEEE282923BD683E77299C08468CA" country="US" county="San Miguel" latitude="-0.012222222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.74139" municipality="Bancos" name="Mindo">Mindo</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-0.012222222">0°0'44&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-78.74139">78°44'29&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2011-05-23">23 May 2011</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<collectorName>J.L. Clark</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>C. Aulestia</collectorName>
12198
</emphasis>
(QCNE, UNA,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="United States of America" location="Las Gralarias Reserve" specimenCount="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
San Miguel de los Bancos,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:CCE761A78C3DEAD6CF156F92A35CB369" country="United States of America" name="Las Gralarias Reserve">Las Gralarias Reserve</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="1.2">1.2 km</quantity>
east of the lodge
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-08-15" collectorName="Tobar, Nieto, A. Marcayata, S. Imba, San Miguel, Puma" country="United States of America" elevation="1900" latitude="0.083333336" location="Las Gralarias Reserve" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.71667" municipality="Bancos" specimenCount="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.083333336">0°05'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.71667">78°43'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2017-08-15">15 Aug 2017</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
F.
<collectorName>Tobar</collectorName>
, A.
<collectorName>Nieto</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>A. Marcayata</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>S. Imba</collectorName>
2832
</emphasis>
(QCA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>San Miguel</collectorName>
de los
<collectingMunicipality>Bancos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:FC8F97DCACC287D88B908985E099C62A" country="United States of America" latitude="0.083333336" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.71667" municipality="Bancos" name="Las Gralarias Reserve">Las Gralarias Reserve</location>
,
<collectorName>Puma</collectorName>
trail
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-05-21" collectorName="Tobar, Richter, San Miguel, Bancos" country="United States of America" elevation="1900" latitude="0.083333336" location="Puyucunapi Reserve" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.71667" specimenCount="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.083333336">0°05'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.71667">78°43'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-05-21">21 May 2018</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
F.
<collectorName>Tobar</collectorName>
, F.
<collectorName>Richter</collectorName>
3280
</emphasis>
(QCA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>San Miguel</collectorName>
de los
<collectorName>Bancos</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:4F90590F198706001A4326C145A67232" country="United States of America" latitude="0.083333336" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.71667" name="Puyucunapi Reserve">Puyucunapi Reserve</location>
, cultivada cerca de la casa de la reserva
</materialsCitation>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.016666668">0°01'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.683334">78°41'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
,
<date value="2019-10-13">13 Oct 2019</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">F. Tobar &amp; M. Gavilanes 3409</emphasis>
(HPUCESI, QCNE);
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
San Miguel de los Bancos, a
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="km" value="2.6">2.6 km</quantity>
al este de San Tadeo en la
<normalizedToken originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
a Bellavista Lodge,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-03-11" collectorName="Tobar, Gavilanes, San Miguel, Bancos" country="United States of America" elevation="1893" latitude="0.016666668" location="Puyucunapi Reserve" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.73333" specimenCount="1">
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.016666668">0°01'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.73333">78°44'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.893" unit="m" value="1893.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.893" unit="m" value="1893.0">1893 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-03-11">11 Mar 2020</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
F.
<collectorName>Tobar</collectorName>
&amp; M.
<collectorName>Gavilanes</collectorName>
3475
</emphasis>
(QCNE);
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>San Miguel</collectorName>
de los
<collectorName>Bancos</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:14E057D44AD8BA28C644673E2A0CF392" country="United States of America" latitude="0.016666668" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.73333" name="Puyucunapi Reserve">Puyucunapi Reserve</location>
, a
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
de la entrada del transecto principal
</materialsCitation>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="0.016666668">0°01'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-78.683334">78°41'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9949999999999999" unit="m" value="1995.0">1995 m</quantity>
,
<date value="2020-03-12">12 Mar 2020</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">F. Tobar &amp; M. Gavilanes 3479</emphasis>
(QCA);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
Santo Domingo de los
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tsáchilas">Tsachilas</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="cantón">canton</normalizedToken>
Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Bosque Protector Rio Guajalito, located on the old Quito-Santo Domingo road,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-05-30" collectorName="Clark" country="US" elevation="1796" latitude="-0.3138889" location="between Chiriboga and La Palma" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.926384" specimenCount="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:26C0A747D086AA2691DC4800E8DF67ED" country="US" latitude="-0.3138889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.926384" name="between Chiriboga and La Palma">between Chiriboga and La Palma</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-0.3138889">0°18'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-78.926384">78°55'35&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.796" unit="m" value="1796.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.796" unit="m" value="1796.0">1796 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2009-05-30">30 May 2009</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
J.L.
<collectorName>Clark</collectorName>
et al. 10968
</emphasis>
(NY, QCNE, SEL,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2003-04-03" collectorName="J. L. Clark, N. Muchhala, Hoyos" country="US" county="Rio Guajalito" elevation="2000" latitude="-0.2313889" location="Colorados" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.80278" municipality="Quito-Sto. Domingo" specimenCount="1">
Reserva
<normalizedToken originalValue="Florística-Ecológica">Floristica-Ecologica</normalizedToken>
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Guajalito
</collectingCounty>
, km 59 de la carretera antigua
<collectingMunicipality>Quito-Sto. Domingo</collectingMunicipality>
de los
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B082E489CCCE5138A9C354B5E2F9630A:3F6DEB64227E85A489C5049C53291567" country="US" county="Rio Guajalito" latitude="-0.2313889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.80278" municipality="Quito-Sto. Domingo" name="Colorados">Colorados</location>
, a
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
al NE de la carretera,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-0.2313889">0°13'53&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-78.80278">78°48'10&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="1800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="1800.0">1800-2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2003-04-03">3 Apr 2003</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<collectorName>J.L. Clark</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>N. Muchhala</collectorName>
&amp; A.
<collectorName>Hoyos</collectorName>
7618
</emphasis>
(QCA, QCNE, SEL, UNA,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.182.69016.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/590851" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. L. Clark &amp; Tobar" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Columnea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Columnea angulata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">Columnea angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.L. Clark &amp; F. Tobar
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">A</emphasis>
dorsiventral habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">B</emphasis>
lateral view of flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">C</emphasis>
dissected corolla showing filaments and ventral view of the anthers
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">D</emphasis>
dorsal view of the anthers
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">E</emphasis>
lateral view of ovary and nectary gland
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">F</emphasis>
dorsal view of nectary gland
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">G</emphasis>
lateral view of calyx and style, showing shallowly bifid stigma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">H</emphasis>
lateral view of flower. Illustrated by M.J. Gavilanes, based on
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="67">F. Tobar et al 3409</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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