232 lines
19 KiB
XML
232 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac044" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7335ecae-6530-4c8a-98ea-69e46b7c0010" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7390583" ID-ZooBank="201AE2F6-58EC-44E5-94D1-EDA7FB2C7D86" checkinTime="1669808081566" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valenti, Pietro, Vlachos, Evangelos, Kehlmaier, Christian, Fritz, Uwe, Georgalis, Georgios L., Luján, Àngel Hernández, Miccichè, Roberto, Sineo, Luca & Delfino, Massimo" docDate="2022" docId="8930E442307FFF98EC57FE23E6785523" docLanguage="en" docName="zlac044.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 196 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac044" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Solitudo Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino 2022, GEN. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1711" masterDocId="75099C3A3078FF9FED1FFF89E34B5642" masterDocTitle="The last of the large-sized tortoises of the Mediterranean islands" masterLastPageNumber="1717" masterPageNumber="1704" pageNumber="1711" updateTime="1669991331613" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The last of the large-sized tortoises of the Mediterranean islands</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Valenti, Pietro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vlachos, Evangelos</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kehlmaier, Christian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fritz, Uwe</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Georgalis, Georgios L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Luján, Àngel Hernández</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miccichè, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sineo, Luca</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Delfino, Massimo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-07-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>196</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1704</mods:start>
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<mods:end>1717</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac044</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac044</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">7335ecae-6530-4c8a-98ea-69e46b7c0010</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7390583</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">201AE2F6-58EC-44E5-94D1-EDA7FB2C7D86</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7390585" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7390585" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8930E442307FFF98EC57FE23E6785523" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8930E442307FFF98EC57FE23E6785523" lastPageNumber="1711" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[328,577,426,450]" box="[328,577,426,450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<heading box="[328,577,426,450]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino, 2022" authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" box="[328,450,426,450]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="GEN. NOV.">SOLITUDO</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[458,577,426,450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[458,577,426,450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" rank="genus">GEN. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[145,762,466,519]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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||
<emphasis box="[145,469,466,488]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Zoobank registration:</emphasis>
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||
urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act:
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<uuid box="[222,736,497,519]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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08DE006C-E90B-4605-9711-952D72904E
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<specimenCount box="[708,736,497,519]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" type="generic">5F</specimenCount>
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</uuid>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[145,762,560,612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<materialsCitation country="Malta" county="Middle Pleistocene" location="Zubbo Cave" municipality="Cave" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zebbug" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis box="[145,299,560,582]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<typeStatus box="[145,200,561,582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Leith-Adams, 1877" authorityName="Leith-Adams" authorityYear="1877" box="[322,754,560,582]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis box="[322,515,560,581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Testudo robusta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Leith-Adams A" box="[525,754,560,582]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" pagination="177 - 191" refId="ref10087" refString="Leith-Adams A. 1877. On gigantic land-tortoises and a small freshwater species from the ossiferous caverns of Malta, together with a list of their fossil fauna; and a note on chelonian remains from the rock cavities of Gibraltar. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 33: 177 - 191." type="journal article" year="1877">Leith-Adams, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8930E442307FFF98EC57FE23E6785523:0446038F307FFF98ED8EFDC7E25D5426" box="[145,278,590,612]" country="Malta" county="Middle Pleistocene" municipality="Cave" name="Zubbo Cave" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" stateProvince="Zebbug">Zubbo Cave</location>
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=
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<collectingRegion box="[304,387,590,612]" country="Malta" name="Zebbug" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Zebbug</collectingRegion>
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<collectingMunicipality box="[393,451,591,612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Cave</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[462,532,590,612]" name="Malta" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Malta</collectingCountry>
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;
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<collectingCounty box="[541,759,590,612]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Middle Pleistocene</collectingCounty>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[145,761,653,798]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<emphasis box="[145,274,653,674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Etymology:</emphasis>
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From the Latin word
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<emphasis box="[543,637,653,674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">solitudo</emphasis>
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, feminine, third declension, meaning solitude, loneliness, in allusion to the insular isolation of these tortoises. Also, the termination -
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<emphasis box="[338,389,745,766]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">tudo</emphasis>
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alludes to the name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[624,712,745,766]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[624,712,745,766]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Testudo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the testudinid affinities of this new taxon.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[145,761,838,1136]" lastBlockId="7.[809,1425,197,311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<emphasis box="[145,291,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Members of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" box="[493,610,838,860]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[493,610,838,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belong to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="GRAY" authorityYear="1825" box="[145,305,869,891]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Testudinidae</taxonomicName>
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because of the ventral fusion of the trochanters of the femur. However,
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<taxonomicName box="[568,760,900,922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<emphasis box="[568,668,900,921]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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show an incomplete fusion of the trochanters dorsally, in contrast to other testudinid genera in which the trochanters are connected proximally via a rounded ridge. Furthermore, members of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" box="[516,612,1022,1043]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[516,612,1022,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have femurs that are slender, with a femoral head that is narrower than the combined anteroposterior width of the trochanters and an oblique orientation compared to the anteroposterior plane between 25°–45°, in contrast to other genera with relatively massive femora and broad and less oblique femoral heads, forming an angle that is less than 25° with the anteroposterior plane.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[809,1425,352,435]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<emphasis box="[809,973,352,373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Included taxa:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="(Leith-Adams, 1877)" authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Leith-Adams" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[993,1425,352,374]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robusta" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[993,1184,352,373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo robusta</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Leith-Adams A" box="[1199,1416,352,374]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" pagination="177 - 191" refId="ref10087" refString="Leith-Adams A. 1877. On gigantic land-tortoises and a small freshwater species from the ossiferous caverns of Malta, together with a list of their fossil fauna; and a note on chelonian remains from the rock cavities of Gibraltar. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 33: 177 - 191." type="journal article" year="1877">Leith-Adams, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[809,926,382,404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="(Bate, 1914)" authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Bate" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[936,1298,382,404]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnesica" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[936,1156,382,404]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo gymnesica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Bate DMA" box="[1170,1290,383,404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" pagination="100 - 107" refId="ref8996" refString="Bate DMA. 1914. On remains of a gigantic land tortoise (Testudo gymnesicus n. sp.) from the Pleistocene of Menorca. Geological Magazine 1: 100 - 107." type="journal article" year="1914">Bate, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1304,1421,382,404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino, 2022" authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" box="[809,980,413,434]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sicula" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[809,980,413,434]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo sicula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[986,1070,414,435]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[809,1426,476,866]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">
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<emphasis box="[809,922,476,497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The exact placement of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenti & Vlachos & Kehlmaier & Fritz & Georgalis & Luján & Miccichè & Sineo & Delfino" authorityYear="2022" box="[1232,1334,476,497]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Solitudo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1232,1334,476,497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Solitudo</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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among
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[809,957,506,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Testudininae">Testudininae</taxonomicName>
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||
is unclear and should be examined when new material (skull, shell)is discovered.The femur alone, in its distinctiveness, does not allow firm assessment of the phylogenetic relationship with respect to any potentially related taxon (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1872" box="[1110,1255,629,650]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Centrochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1110,1255,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Centrochelys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1873" box="[1269,1419,629,650]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Stigmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1269,1419,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Stigmochelys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[809,904,660,681]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[809,904,660,681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Testudo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Perez-Garcia & Vlachos" authorityYear="2014" box="[971,1130,660,681]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Titanochelon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[971,1130,660,681]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Titanochelon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). It is noteworthy that the establishment of new fossil taxa on the basis of appendicular elements is not rare among testudinids, and has been used, besides most other insular taxa mentioned already, for the recently described species
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<taxonomicName authority="Turvey et al., 2017" authorityName="Turvey" authorityYear="2017" box="[809,1311,813,835]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Chelonoidis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marcanoi">
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||
<emphasis box="[809,1073,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">Chelonoidis marcanoi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Turvey ST & Almonte J & Hansford J & Scofield RP & Brocca JL & Chapman SD" box="[1082,1311,813,835]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref10894" refString="Turvey ST, Almonte J, Hansford J, Scofield RP, Brocca JL, Chapman SD. 2017. A new species of extinct Late Quaternary giant tortoise from Hispaniola. Zootaxa 4277: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2017">
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Turvey
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<emphasis box="[1177,1238,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Quaternary of Hispaniola (
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<bibRefCitation author="Turvey ST & Almonte J & Hansford J & Scofield RP & Brocca JL & Chapman SD" box="[1110,1317,844,865]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref10894" refString="Turvey ST, Almonte J, Hansford J, Scofield RP, Brocca JL, Chapman SD. 2017. A new species of extinct Late Quaternary giant tortoise from Hispaniola. Zootaxa 4277: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
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Turvey
|
||
<emphasis box="[1196,1251,844,865]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1711">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |