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<document id="7F51D52723B641A8C9E0664EB4241340" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930701391773" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5228835" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629484137894" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grischenko, Andrei V., Dick, Matthew H. &amp; Mawatari, Shunsuke F." docDate="2007" docId="877A7251CC6FDE1EFE4521A7D33D1995" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.41.17-20.1047-1161.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 41 (17 - 20)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701391773" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cauloramphus spinifer" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1085" masterDocId="7B430A29CC49DE36FFD22450D0121C04" masterDocTitle="Diversity and taxonomy of intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) at Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="1161" masterPageNumber="1047" pageNumber="1083" updateTime="1699074625891" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2B6B7A3FC78255008A7430FF418292F5">Diversity and taxonomy of intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) at Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido, Japan</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6FDE10FE4521A7D3861A0B" ID-CoL="RXHB" authority="(Johnston, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[407,916,1527,1551]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6FDE10FE4521A7D2D61A0B" bold="true" box="[407,708,1527,1551]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Cauloramphus spinifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6FDE10FD0421A7D39F1A0B" author="Johnston G" box="[726,909,1527,1551]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" pagination="239 - 272" refId="ref54301" refString="Johnston G. 1832. A descriptive catalogue of the Recent zoophytes found on the coast of North Durham. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle upon Tyne 2: 239 - 272, Plates 7 - 12." type="journal article" year="1832">Johnston, 1832</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6FDE10FD872247D4B31A75" blockId="38.[138,1185,1527,1682]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">
(
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6FDE10FD8E2247D2DF1A2B" box="[604,717,1559,1583]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Figure 13</figureCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6FDE10FF582268D2501A54" authority="Johnston 1832, p 266" authorityName="Johnston" authorityPageNumber="266" authorityYear="1832" box="[138,578,1592,1616]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Flustridae" genus="Flustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifera">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6FDE10FF582268D1291A54" box="[138,315,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Flustra spinifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6FDE10FE962268D1E01A54" author="Johnston G" box="[324,498,1592,1616]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" pagination="239 - 272" refId="ref54301" refString="Johnston G. 1832. A descriptive catalogue of the Recent zoophytes found on the coast of North Durham. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle upon Tyne 2: 239 - 272, Plates 7 - 12." type="journal article" year="1832">Johnston 1832</bibRefCitation>
, p 266
</taxonomicName>
, Plate 9,
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6FDE10FD602268D3061A54" box="[690,788,1592,1616]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="23.[125,185,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[161,1137,133,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-0@23.[161,1137,133,1466]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 6. Conopeum nakanosum n. sp. (A, F) NHM 2006.2.27.26; (B, D) NHM 2006.2.27.27; (C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.25; (G, H) NHM 2006.2.27.28. (A) Colony margin with differentiating zooids, bleached; (B) zooids with developing angular cone-shaped kenozooids, bleached; (C) mature zooids with erect and curved spines, unbleached; (D) group of mature zooids with granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) distally facing triangular avicularia replacing kenozooids, unbleached; (F) distal view of kenozooids, bleached; (G) lateral view of zooids showing multiporous septula, bleached; (H) interior of distal zooidal wall showing developing angular kenozooids and also multiporous septula, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, G); 1 mm (BD); 0.2 mm (E, F, H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228847/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Figure 6</figureCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6FDE10FF582209D29E1A75" authority=": Osburn 1950, p 55" authorityName="Osburn" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1950" box="[138,652,1625,1649]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6FDE10FF582209D1941A75" box="[138,390,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Cauloramphus spinifer</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6FDE10FE4C2209D2561A75" author="Osburn RC" box="[414,580,1625,1649]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" pagination="1 - 269" refId="ref57123" refString="Osburn RC. 1950. Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of North America. Part 1, Cheilostomata - Anasca. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 14: 1 - 269." type="journal article" year="1950">Osburn 1950</bibRefCitation>
, p 55
</taxonomicName>
, Plate 5,
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6FDE10FCC02209D3611A75" box="[786,883,1625,1649]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="30.[138,198,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[138,1187,133,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-76@30.[138,1187,133,1208]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 9. Cauloramphus cryptoarmatus n. sp. (A, C, E) NHM 2006.2.27.14; (B, F) NHM 2006.2.27.31; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.13. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) zooids at colony margin in interaction with Cribrilina annulata, showing numerous additional avicularia developing along vertical walls from pore chambers, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) autozooids, showing strongly developed granulated cryptocyst, bleached; (E) two zooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (F) ancestrula surrounded by periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (AD, F); 0.4 mm (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228853/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Figure 9</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6FDE10FC5A2209D4571A75" author="Mawatari S" box="[904,1093,1625,1649]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" pagination="113 - 135" refId="ref55468" refString="Mawatari S. 1956. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Kuril Islands and the neighbouring districts. Pacific Science 10 (2): 113 - 135." type="journal article" year="1956">Mawatari 1956</bibRefCitation>
, p 118,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6FDE11FF77222AD22A1851" blockId="38.[138,1185,1527,1682]" lastBlockId="39.[125,1172,1021,1205]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="1084" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6FDE10FF77222AD1011A96" box="[165,275,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="19.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-226@19.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 4. Electra arctica Borg, 1931. ZIRAS 36/50535. Colony on rock collected by A. V. Grischenko, 12 September 1992, Sea of Okhotsk, western Kamchatka shelf (57°36.039N, 156°9.009E), depth 7881 m. (A) Portion of colony showing anastomosing, narrowly multiserial branches; (B) autozooids and kenozooids; (C) enlargement of autozooids and kenozooids; (D) autozooids with operculum in place and kenozooids with nearly completely closed aperture. Specimen lightly bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A); 1 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228843/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Figure 4a</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6FDE10FEF7222AD1FF1A96" author="Androsova EI" box="[293,493,1658,1682]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" pagination="90 - 204" refId="ref50976" refString="Androsova EI. 1958. Bryozoa of the order Cheilostomata of the northern part of the Sea of Japan. Issledovaniya Dal'nevostochnih Morei SSSR 5: 90 - 204. (Rus)." type="journal article" year="1958">Androsova 1958</bibRefCitation>
, p 106,
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6FDE10FD81222AD2D11A96" box="[595,707,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="43.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-194@43.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 15. Tegella arctica (dOrbigny, 1851). (A, C) NHM 2006.2.27.44; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.46; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.43. (A) General view of group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) zooids from region near colony margin, bleached; (C) immature zooids with small paired angular and large frontal avicularia, unbleached; (D) mature zooids with ovicells and associated frontal avicularia, unbleached. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B, C); 0.4 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228865/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083">Figure 15</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6FDE10FD04222AD3751A96" author="Kluge GA" box="[726,871,1658,1682]" pageId="38" pageNumber="1083" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref54559" refString="Kluge GA. 1962. Bryozoa of the northern seas of the USSR. Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 76: 1 - 584. (Rus)." type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge 1962</bibRefCitation>
, p 295, Figure 179; 1975, p 353, Figure 179;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FEAB27ADD2071811" author="Gontar VI" box="[377,533,1021,1045]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" refId="ref52376" refString="Gontar VI. 1980. Bryozoan fauna of the order Cheilostomata of Kuril Islands coastal waters [synopsis of thesis for Candidate in Biological Sciences]. Leningrad: Academy of Science of the USSR, Zoological Institute. 23 p. (Rus)." type="book" year="1980">Gontar 1980</bibRefCitation>
, p 6;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FD8B27ADD3DE1811" author="Mawatari S &amp; Mawatari SF" box="[601,972,1021,1045]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref55767" refString="Mawatari S, Mawatari SF. 1981 a. Studies of Japanese anascan Bryozoa 6. Division Malacostega (4). Bulletin of the Liberal Arts and Science Course, School of Medicine Nihon University 9: 23 - 61." type="journal article" year="1981">Mawatari and Mawatari 1981a</bibRefCitation>
, p 43,
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6EDE11FBCD27ADD49D1811" box="[1055,1167,1021,1045]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="33.[125,185,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-78@33.[125,1174,133,1208]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 10. Cauloramphus magnus Dick and Ross, 1988. (A, C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.3334; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.54; (E) NHM 2006.2.27.35; (F) NHM 2006.2.27.32. (A) Colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (B) same, bleached; (C) autozooids, unbleached; (D) close up of autozooids showing details of avicularia and spines, unbleached; (E) autozooids, bleached; (F) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (AC, E, F); 0.4 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228855/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Figure 10</figureCitation>
; 1981b, p 44;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FEE6204DD2341831" author="Dick MH &amp; Ross JRP" box="[308,550,1053,1077]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" pagination="87 - 93" refId="ref51983" refString="Dick MH, Ross JRP. 1986. Intertidal cheilostome bryozoans in rock-pile habitat at Narrow Strait, Kodiak, Alaska. In: Nielsen C, Larwood GP, editors, Bryozoa: Ordovician to Recent. Fredensborg: Olsen and Olsen. p 87 - 93." type="book chapter" year="1986">Dick and Ross 1986</bibRefCitation>
, p 89;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FDA6204DD3521831" author="Grischenko AV" box="[628,832,1053,1077]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref53186" refString="Grischenko AV. 1997. Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the Commander Islands shelf zone. In: Rzhavsky AV, editor. Benthic flora and fauna of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. Vladivostok: Dalnauka Press. p 153 - 192. (Rus with Eng summary)." type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
, p 162; 2004, p 40;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FBF8204DD1771851" author="Hayward PJ &amp; Ryland JS" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" refId="ref53689" refString="Hayward PJ, Ryland JS. 1998. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa, part 1, Aeteoidea - Cribrilinoidea. 2 nd ed. London: Linnean Society of London and The Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association. 366 p. (Synopses of the British Fauna (new series); 10)." type="book" year="1998">Hayward and Ryland 1998</bibRefCitation>
, p 172, Figure 48.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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Figure 13.
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6EDE11FF3A2725D2431F8C" authority="(Johnston, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[232,593,885,904]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6EDE11FF3A2725D1B81F8C" box="[232,426,885,904]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Cauloramphus spinifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FE642725D2581F8C" author="Johnston G" box="[438,586,885,904]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" pagination="239 - 272" refId="ref54301" refString="Johnston G. 1832. A descriptive catalogue of the Recent zoophytes found on the coast of North Durham. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle upon Tyne 2: 239 - 272, Plates 7 - 12." type="journal article" year="1832">Johnston, 1832</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<treatmentCitation id="8E72E556CC6EDE11FFAF200DD29C1871" author="Kubanin AA" box="[125,654,1117,1141]" page="121" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" year="1997">
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6EDE11FFAF200DD29C1871" ID-CoL="6JC6Y" authority=": Kubanin 1997, p 121" authorityName="Kubanin" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="1997" box="[125,654,1117,1141]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifera">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6EDE11FFAF200DD1921871" box="[125,384,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Cauloramphus spinifera</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FE43200DD22C1871" author="Kubanin AA" box="[401,574,1117,1141]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref54930" refString="Kubanin AA. 1997. Phlum Tentaculata, Subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin OG, Ivanova MB, Tsurpalo AP, editors. A check-list of animals, plants and fungi from the intertidal zone of the Far Eastern seas of Russia. Vladivostok: Dalnauka Press. p 119 - 125. (Rus)." type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
, p 121
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6EDE11FFAF202DD3B71891" blockId="39.[125,1172,1021,1205]" box="[125,933,1149,1173]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2FC3E469CC6EDE11FFAF202DD3B71891" box="[125,933,1149,1173]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
<treatmentCitation id="8E72E556CC6EDE11FFAF202DD2A41891" author="Dick MH &amp; Ross JRP" box="[125,694,1149,1173]" page="39" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" year="1988">
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6EDE11FFAF202DD2A41891" ID-CoL="RXHB" authority=": Dick and Ross 1988, p 39" authorityName="Dick and Ross" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1988" box="[125,694,1149,1173]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6EDE11FFAF202DD1601891" box="[125,370,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Cauloramphus spinifer</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FE51202DD2671891" author="Dick MH &amp; Ross JRP" box="[387,629,1149,1173]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" refId="ref52032" refString="Dick MH, Ross JRP. 1988. Intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) of the Kodiak vicinity, Alaska. Bellingham: Western Washington University. 133 p. (Centre for Pacific Northwest Studies occasional paper; 23)." type="book" year="1988">Dick and Ross 1988</bibRefCitation>
, p 39
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, Plates 2D, E, 13D.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6EDE11FFAF20CDD3D418B1" blockId="39.[125,1172,1021,1205]" box="[125,966,1181,1205]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="2FC3E469CC6EDE11FFAF20CDD3D418B1" box="[125,966,1181,1205]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
Not
<treatmentCitation id="8E72E556CC6EDE11FF6620CDD34318B1" author="Kubota K &amp; Mawatari SF" box="[180,849,1181,1205]" page="80" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" year="1985">
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC6EDE11FF6620CDD34318B1" ID-CoL="RXHB" authority=": Kubota and Mawatari 1985 a, p 80" authorityName=": Kubota and Mawatari" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1985" box="[180,849,1181,1205]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6EDE11FF6620CDD1BB18B1" box="[180,425,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Cauloramphus spinifer</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC6EDE11FE6B20CDD30318B1" author="Kubota K &amp; Mawatari SF" box="[441,785,1181,1205]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" pagination="75 - 91" refId="ref55052" refString="Kubota K, Mawatari SF. 1985 a. A systematic study of cheilostomatous bryozoans from Oshoro Bay, Hokkaido. 1. Anasca. Environmental Science, Hokkaido 8 (1): 75 - 91." type="journal article" year="1985">Kubota and Mawatari 1985a</bibRefCitation>
, p 80
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6EDE11FC8D20CDD3D318B1" box="[863,961,1181,1205]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="21.[125,185,1501,1520]" captionTargetBox="[161,1137,133,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-0@21.[161,1137,133,1466]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 5. Electra asiatica n. sp. (A, G) NHM 2006.2.27.19; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.20; (C, D) NHM 2006.2.27.21; (E, F) NHM 2006.2.27.24. Colony from Ptichiy Island, Sea of Okhotsk (H). (A, B) Colonies radiating in coherent, fan-shaped lobes from the point of origin, unbleached; (C) colony margin with developing zooids, unbleached; (D) astogenetically mature zooids, unbleached; (E) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached; (F) astogenetically mature zooids with a small interzooidal kenozooid (lower right quadrant), bleached; (G) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; enlargement of ancestrular area seen in panel (A), unbleached; (H) astogenetically mature zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (CH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228845/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Figure 5</figureCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="47C990CCCC6EDE1EFFAF20BDD33D1995" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="1085" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6EDE11FFAF20BDD15E1901" blockId="39.[125,332,1261,1285]" box="[125,332,1261,1285]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6EDE11FFAF20BDD15E1901" box="[125,332,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6EDE11FFAF214ED4781971" blockId="39.[125,1172,1310,1397]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
ANC, colony on rock (NHM 2006.2.27.13);
<collectionCode id="69C25B82CC6EDE11FD7E214ED2F31932" box="[684,737,1310,1334]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">KAI</collectionCode>
, ancestrular colony on rock (NHM 2006.2.27.17), colony on rock (NHM 2006.2.27.38), colony on rock (NHM 2006.2.27.41);
<materialsCitation id="BFBBC91ACC6EDE11FFAF210DD4741971" box="[125,1126,1373,1397]" collectionCode="BAC" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" specimenCount="855">
<collectionCode id="69C25B82CC6EDE11FFAF210DD0A81971" box="[125,186,1373,1397]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9vf4-x1yw" name="Beijing Agricultural College" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">BAC</collectionCode>
, two colony fragments (NHM 2006.2.27.18). Additional material:
<specimenCount id="19D508CECC6EDE11FC68210DD4741971" box="[954,1126,1373,1397]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" type="generic">855 specimens</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6EDE11FFAF21FDD0E719C1" blockId="39.[125,245,1453,1477]" box="[125,245,1453,1477]" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC6EDE11FFAF21FDD0E719C1" box="[125,245,1453,1477]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC6EDE1EFFAF218ED2E11EEC" blockId="39.[125,1172,1502,1685]" lastBlockId="40.[138,1185,137,744]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="1085" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">
Colony unilaminar, encrusting, coherent, more or less circular, up to
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC6EDE11FC61218ED3ED19F2" box="[947,1023,1502,1526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
across, light tan in colour when alive. Zooids (
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6EDE11FDC721ADD2AF1A11" box="[533,701,1533,1557]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Figure 13AD</figureCitation>
) elongate-oval to irregularly hexagonal,
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC6EDE11FFAF224DD1371A31" box="[125,293,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.699999999999999" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" unit="mm" value="0.575" valueMax="0.68" valueMin="0.47">0.470.68 mm</quantity>
long (0.56¡
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC6EDE11FE16224DD2221A31" box="[452,560,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
),
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC6EDE11FD95224DD2FD1A31" box="[583,751,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.300.40 mm</quantity>
wide (0.33¡
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC6EDE11FC40224DD3EC1A31" box="[914,1022,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
), closely set, separated by a fine groove. Mural rim (
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC6EDE11FD8E226DD2F01A51" box="[604,738,1597,1621]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="1084">Figure 13C</figureCitation>
) slightly raised; cryptocyst relatively narrow, sloping, granulated; distal and lateral gymnocyst reduced or lacking; proximal gymnocyst narrow or tapering back between adjacent zooids, smooth, distinct from granulated mural rim. Opesia (
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC61DE1EFE2424D9D26E1CA5" box="[502,636,137,161]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Figure 13C</figureCitation>
) oval, commonly widest in middle, sometimes proximally,
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFEC424F9D1AC1CC5" box="[278,446,169,193]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.39" valueMax="0.43" valueMin="0.35">0.350.43 mm</quantity>
long (0.40¡
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFD8E24F9D2DA1CC5" box="[604,712,169,193]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
),
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFD0C24F9D3941CC5" box="[734,902,169,193]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.215" valueMax="0.25" valueMin="0.18">0.180.25 mm</quantity>
wide (0.22¡
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFBFB24F9D4861CC5" box="[1065,1172,169,193]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
), with crenulate outline, occupying 8090% of zooidal length. Around mural rim, 813 spines; three (rarely two or four) orificial spines orientated vertically, one in midline and one to each side of orifice, slightly blunter, thicker but not longer than opesial spines; 510 opesial spines slightly thinner, more acuminate, angling over opesia; sometimes most proximal spine vertically orientated, thicker, longer, blunter even than distal spines. Avicularia (
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC61DE1EFEC2253BD1AA1D87" box="[272,440,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Figure 13A, B</figureCitation>
) usually paired, sometimes single or lacking on a zooid, arising from distolateral gymnocyst between orificial and opesial spines, in line with proximal edge of orifice; peduncle short, with expanded portion comprising most of the avicularium; about as long as proximal spines, typically turned inward and angled over opesia, with rostral plane facing proximomedially; mandible elongate-triangular, with hooked tip. Embryos brooded endozooidally; fertile zooids have a smooth, moderately well-developed kenozooidal ooecium (
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC61DE1EFE5C267ED2061E42" box="[398,532,558,582]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Figure 13C</figureCitation>
) comprising the sharp mural rim distal to the orifice. Six pore chambers in each lateral wall and two in distal wall. Ancestrula (
<figureCitation id="97E8DFC2CC61DE1EFC76261ED43E1E62" box="[932,1068,590,614]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="39.[125,185,885,904]" captionTargetBox="[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetId="figure-185@39.[125,1174,133,850]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 13. Cauloramphus spinifer (Johnston, 1832). (A) NHM 2006.2.27.38; (B) NHM 2006.2.27.41; (C) NHM 2006.2.27.18; (D) NHM 2006.2.27.17. (A) Group of autozooids, unbleached; (B) distal half of zooid, showing avicularia, unbleached; (C) autozooids, bleached; (D) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids, bleached. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, C, D); 0.1 mm (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228861/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Figure 13D</figureCitation>
) tatiform, oval, with fully calcified basal wall,
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFDFE263FD2801E83" box="[556,658,623,647]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.34">0.34 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFD29263FD3731E83" box="[763,865,623,647]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
wide; oval opesia
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFBE9263FD4B31E83" box="[1083,1185,623,647]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="C82B6EA2CC61DE1EFF3D26DFD1471EA3" box="[239,341,655,679]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
wide; 12 spines around opesial margin, three distal pairs straight and vertical, six proximal spines thin, curved over opesia; ancestrula buds triplet of small zooids distally and distolaterally, each with 10 or 11 spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC61DE1EFF582771D0FB1F3D" blockId="40.[138,233,801,825]" box="[138,233,801,825]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFF582771D0FB1F3D" box="[138,233,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC61DE1EFF582702D1831F8E" blockId="40.[138,1184,850,906]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFF582702D1811F6E" author="Dick MH &amp; Ross JRP" box="[138,403,850,874]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" refId="ref52032" refString="Dick MH, Ross JRP. 1988. Intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) of the Kodiak vicinity, Alaska. Bellingham: Western Washington University. 133 p. (Centre for Pacific Northwest Studies occasional paper; 23)." type="book" year="1988">Dick and Ross (1988)</bibRefCitation>
discussed diagnostic characters and geographic variation in spine number for
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC61DE1EFECA2722D19B1F8E" authorityName=": Kubota and Mawatari" authorityYear="1985" box="[280,393,882,906]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFECA2722D19B1F8E" box="[280,393,882,906]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">C. spinifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC61DE1EFF582793D1191FDF" blockId="40.[138,267,963,987]" box="[138,267,963,987]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFF582793D1191FDF" box="[138,267,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F6CC347CC61DE1EFF5827A4D33D1995" blockId="40.[138,1185,1012,1425]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">
This is a circumboreal species extending into the Arctic. In the eastern Atlantic, it is widely distributed in cool-temperate waters, from the White Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFCF12044D41A1828" author="Gostilovskaya MG" box="[803,1032,1044,1068]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" refId="ref53043" refString="Gostilovskaya MG. 1978. Bryozoa of the White Sea. Leningrad: Nauka Press. 246 p. (Rus)." type="book" year="1978">Gostilovskaya 1978</bibRefCitation>
) and Barents Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFF172064D1471848" author="Kluge GA" box="[197,341,1076,1100]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref54559" refString="Kluge GA. 1962. Bryozoa of the northern seas of the USSR. Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 76: 1 - 584. (Rus)." type="journal article" year="1962">Kluge 1962</bibRefCitation>
) southward to the
<collectingCountry id="77C483D7CC61DE1EFDEE2064D2B11848" box="[572,675,1076,1100]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Shetland</collectingCountry>
Isles and northern coast of
<collectingCountry id="77C483D7CC61DE1EFC242064D4591848" box="[1014,1099,1076,1100]" name="France" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">France</collectingCountry>
. In the eastern Pacific,
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC61DE1EFE962005D1A71869" authorityName=": Kubota and Mawatari" authorityYear="1985" box="[324,437,1109,1133]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFE962005D1A71869" box="[324,437,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">C. spinifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from Kodiak Island, Gulf of Alaska; previous records from farther south need to be re-examined (
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFD552025D3681889" author="Dick MH &amp; Ross JRP" box="[647,890,1141,1165]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" refId="ref52032" refString="Dick MH, Ross JRP. 1988. Intertidal Bryozoa (Cheilostomata) of the Kodiak vicinity, Alaska. Bellingham: Western Washington University. 133 p. (Centre for Pacific Northwest Studies occasional paper; 23)." type="book" year="1988">Dick and Ross 1988</bibRefCitation>
). In the western Pacific it has been reported from the Gulf of Anadyr and the vicinity of St Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea; Commander Islands; Sea of Okhotsk; Kuril Islands; Sakhalin Island; and Primorye and Gulf of Peter the Great in the northern Sea of
<collectingCountry id="77C483D7CC61DE1EFC962087D39718EB" box="[836,901,1239,1263]" name="Japan" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFC462087D43D18EB" author="Gontar VI" box="[916,1071,1239,1263]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" refId="ref52376" refString="Gontar VI. 1980. Bryozoan fauna of the order Cheilostomata of Kuril Islands coastal waters [synopsis of thesis for Candidate in Biological Sciences]. Leningrad: Academy of Science of the USSR, Zoological Institute. 23 p. (Rus)." type="book" year="1980">Gontar 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFBE92087D0DA190B" author="Kubanin AA" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="119 - 125" refId="ref54930" refString="Kubanin AA. 1997. Phlum Tentaculata, Subphylum Bryozoa. In: Kussakin OG, Ivanova MB, Tsurpalo AP, editors. A check-list of animals, plants and fungi from the intertidal zone of the Far Eastern seas of Russia. Vladivostok: Dalnauka Press. p 119 - 125. (Rus)." type="book chapter" year="1997">Kubanin 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFF0720A7D1B2190B" author="Grischenko AV" box="[213,416,1271,1295]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="153 - 192" refId="ref53186" refString="Grischenko AV. 1997. Bryozoans (Ctenostomida, Cheilostomida) of the Commander Islands shelf zone. In: Rzhavsky AV, editor. Benthic flora and fauna of the shelf zone of the Commander Islands. Vladivostok: Dalnauka Press. p 153 - 192. (Rus with Eng summary)." type="book chapter" year="1997">Grischenko 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFE7F20A7D1FC190B" author="Grischenko AV" box="[429,494,1271,1295]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="38 - 43" refId="ref53303" refString="Grischenko AV. 2004. Intertidal Bryozoa of the Commander Islands. In: Tokranov AM, editor. Conservation of biodiversity of Kamchatka and coastal waters. Materials of 5 th scientific conference. Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky: KamchatNIRO Press. p 38 - 43. (Rus)." type="book chapter" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
). From
<collectingCountry id="77C483D7CC61DE1EFD9920A7D29D190B" box="[587,655,1271,1295]" name="Japan" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC61DE1EFD4E20A7D31E190B" authorityName=": Kubota and Mawatari" authorityYear="1985" box="[668,780,1271,1295]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFD4E20A7D31E190B" box="[668,780,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">C. spinifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the Pacific coast of
<collectingRegion id="CD170DA5CC61DE1EFF582147D0ED192B" box="[138,255,1303,1327]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
, including Akkeshi, Kushiro, Mori, Muroran, and Shirikishinai, southward to middle Honshu (
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFE872168D2D91954" author="Mawatari S &amp; Mawatari SF" box="[341,715,1336,1360]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="23 - 61" refId="ref55767" refString="Mawatari S, Mawatari SF. 1981 a. Studies of Japanese anascan Bryozoa 6. Division Malacostega (4). Bulletin of the Liberal Arts and Science Course, School of Medicine Nihon University 9: 23 - 61." type="journal article" year="1981">Mawatari and Mawatari 1981a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFD092168D33B1954" author="Mawatari S &amp; Mawatari SF" box="[731,809,1336,1360]" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="41 - 58" refId="ref55809" refString="Mawatari S, Mawatari SF. 1981 b. A preliminary list of cheilostomatous bryozoans collected along the coast of Hokkaido. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 21: 41 - 58." type="journal article" year="1981">1981b</bibRefCitation>
). We have determined material from Oshoro Bay, western coast of
<collectingRegion id="CD170DA5CC61DE1EFDEC2108D2A11974" box="[574,691,1368,1392]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
, Sea of
<collectingCountry id="77C483D7CC61DE1EFCCE2108D3721974" box="[796,864,1368,1392]" name="Japan" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">Japan</collectingCountry>
, identified by
<bibRefCitation id="6B42BEB6CC61DE1EFBC02108D14C1995" author="Kubota K &amp; Mawatari SF" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" pagination="75 - 91" refId="ref55052" refString="Kubota K, Mawatari SF. 1985 a. A systematic study of cheilostomatous bryozoans from Oshoro Bay, Hokkaido. 1. Anasca. Environmental Science, Hokkaido 8 (1): 75 - 91." type="journal article" year="1985">Kubota and Mawatari (1985a)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC61DE1EFE552129D1EA1995" authorityName=": Kubota and Mawatari" authorityYear="1985" box="[391,504,1401,1425]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="spinifer">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFE552129D1EA1995" box="[391,504,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">C. spinifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, actually to be
<taxonomicName id="C8D3B8C4CC61DE1EFD7D2129D3341994" authorityName="Dick and Ross" authorityYear="1988" box="[687,806,1401,1425]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cauloramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="magnus">
<emphasis id="3DA71F55CC61DE1EFD7D2129D3341994" box="[687,806,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="1085">C. magnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>