276 lines
33 KiB
XML
276 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="F4C2709B5BA90EF4CC217CF492FB08EF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.320220" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1866626c-f527-402a-8449-b0618086da67" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="320220" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460294480550" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M., Kaiser, Kirstie L. & Syoc, Robert Van" docDate="2011" docId="0D0987D3FFE8FFC920A612C0EAEBFE18" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02839p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2839" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paratimea globastrella Van, Kaiser & Syoc, 2011, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="F130FFABFFE0FFC32031165DE969FFB5" masterDocTitle="Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698252032678" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="B12F8950D6D5FB34C414EAB9B8245922" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6200A59CD010EDEB06B3C28F102FF90D">
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<mods:title id="526C674A3337C8D496E7949593E390ED">Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0F1282A9F21644025982B72FFA85B546" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6881C12A5665C153F61F3C7C4AA245F1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="65FBA8D49DF1397AA5848163DEB6F23C">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="59FAAF4A72B5D1412342C910221DA176" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="485883FFD6D4679FD519EA6F4D850E98">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7599F540D1DFF538753CB9ACA39B3CB3">Kaiser, Kirstie L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F18F0658F19A9CB334A88A949D9EDFDA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4F61E10B46DA9925033FE1F74CD8190A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AA740C64EE831637B0FF0B0E1F079C3A">Syoc, Robert Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D9EA3B4F3B4492CA07033F19E5F4CFF2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8D0AF1E0ACC3E36D62473B823B7544D4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="237CFBA2418D420551A3BECE6AAC9223">
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<mods:date id="DF6ABAB791BA1AD66AA0280C234F3DDC">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E316FBBF835648F1D0E891CF0E09D918" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3540C4311D95BB03C8D1FF9350AD6124">2839</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8F7C84BE05A8D5B49759F18B501069EF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="26F832E33E8FA50465CB484C7CCF486F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.320220</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B7F0C814C16B3B2CF75AA1FAAE7F1FCB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="36BE50F1560F6331155509ABDDE3669C" type="Zenodo-Dep">320220</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0D0987D3FFE8FFC920A612C0EAEBFE18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5623655" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119399186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5623655" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0D0987D3FFE8FFC920A612C0EAEBFE18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D0987D3FFE8FFC920A612C0EAEBFE18" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFE8FFCB20A612C0E848FB62" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20A612C0E89AFB02" blockId="8.[151,499,1181,1239]" box="[151,499,1181,1207]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="DE5781A9FFE8FFCB20A612C0E89AFB02" bold="true" box="[151,499,1181,1207]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20A612C0E89AFB02" bold="true" box="[151,499,1181,1207]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB20A612C0E8C3FB02" box="[151,426,1181,1207]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="globastrella" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20A612C0E8C3FB02" bold="true" box="[151,426,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paratimea globastrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACE757ACFFE8FFCB218112C0E89AFB02" box="[432,499,1181,1207]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20A612E2E848FB62" blockId="8.[151,499,1181,1239]" box="[151,289,1215,1239]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB20AE12E2E98CFB62" box="[159,229,1215,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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A–F)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFE8FFCB20A61355EC10FAAA" box="[151,1401,1287,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20A61355EC10FAAA" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" box="[151,1401,1287,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20A61355E862FA95" bold="true" box="[151,267,1288,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="5A1B8867FFE8FFCB20A61355E86FFA95" box="[151,262,1288,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="E3B1AE00FFE8FFCB21231355E839FA95" box="[274,336,1288,1312]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ZMA</collectionCode>
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Por. 21202,
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<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFE8FFCB21EF135AEBCDFAAA" box="[478,676,1287,1311]" name="Clipperton Island" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Clipperton Island</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E0945002FFE8FFCB229E135AEA79FAAA" box="[687,784,1287,1311]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="10.3">10°18’N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="E0945002FFE8FFCB2326135AEAE5FAAA" box="[791,908,1287,1311]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-109.21667">109°13’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="42589B20FFE8FFCB23A6135AEA87FAAA" box="[919,1006,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="9.0">9–18 m</quantity>
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, coll. K. Kaiser,
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<date id="F11E1005FFE8FFCB249B135AEC1CFAAA" box="[1194,1397,1287,1311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1994-04-14" valueMax="1994-04-26" valueMin="1994-04-14">14–26 April 1994</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFE8FFCB20F61376EDABF97A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20F61376ECF4FAD2" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20F61376E830FAF1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1323,1348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description.</emphasis>
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Thinly encrusting in shallow pockets underneath
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<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB23AD1370EA84FAF1" box="[924,1005,1325,1348]" class="Anthozoa" family="Poritidae" genus="Porites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB23AD1370EA84FAF1" box="[924,1005,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Porites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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coral rubble (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB24A21371EDB0FAF1" box="[1171,1241,1324,1348]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A), pale beige in alcohol, surface uneven, microhispid, consistency soft. Lateral size approx. 2
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<date id="F11E1005FFE8FFCB23C7130DED70FAD2" box="[1014,1049,1359,1383]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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x
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<quantity id="42589B20FFE8FFCB243A1312ED70FAD2" box="[1035,1049,1359,1383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="1.0">1</quantity>
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</date>
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cm, less than 0.5 mm in thickness.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20F6132EE894FA61" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20F6132EE85CFA39" bold="true" box="[199,309,1395,1420]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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Megascleres erect on the substrate, united in ill defined bouquets consisting of tylostyles surrounded by centrotylote oxeas, among which large numbers of globular siliceous bodies are arranged (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB24DB13CAEC5AFA1A" box="[1258,1331,1431,1455]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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B). Little spongin, except at the substrate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20F61382EDABF97A" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20F61382E840FA4D" bold="true" box="[199,297,1503,1528]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Spicules</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB21061382E817FA42" box="[311,382,1503,1527]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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C–F). Megascleres smooth tylostyles and centrotylote oxeas, of variable size but both in a similar size range. Tylostyles (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB21F21059EB6FF9A9" box="[451,518,1540,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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C) 129–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB22561059EBCFF9A9" box="[615,678,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">349.7</emphasis>
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–481
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<date id="F11E1005FFE8FFCB22D41058EA6EF9A9" box="[741,775,1540,1564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">x 4</date>
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–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB23241059EA51F9A9" box="[789,824,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">8.1</emphasis>
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–12 µm, centrotylote oxeas (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB24481059EDD2F9A9" box="[1145,1211,1540,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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D) 105–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB252F1059EC34F9A9" box="[1310,1373,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">294.8</emphasis>
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– 483
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<date id="F11E1005FFE8FFCB20A61074E9D3F98A" box="[151,186,1575,1600]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">x 3</date>
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–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20FB1075E984F9F5" box="[202,237,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4.6</emphasis>
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–7 µm; rare, modified, thick siliceous rods (not shown) of up to 120
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<date id="F11E1005FFE8FFCB24371074ED50F98A" box="[1030,1081,1575,1600]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1922-10">x 22</date>
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µm are assumed to be derived from the megascleres. Microscleres rounded and irregularly formed spheres, the larger ones (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB249F1011ED99F9D1" box="[1198,1264,1612,1636]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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E) more or less globular or slightly elliptical with smooth surface, 36–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB22CD102DEA44F93D" box="[764,813,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">48.1</emphasis>
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–60 µm diameter, smaller ones (
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<figureCitation id="1D9B2A40FFE8FFCB24A61032EDB3F932" box="[1175,1242,1647,1671]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,249,1951,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,433,1966]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratimea globastrella n. sp., A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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F) more irregular with knobs, lobes and often irregularly spined, 12–
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB22E010C9EA6BF919" box="[721,770,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">17.7</emphasis>
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–34 µm diameter. They appear to form an almost continous range of shapes from more spined smaller objects to increasingly more regular smooth spheres.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFE8FFCB20F61081EDC0F8AD" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20F61081EC7FF941" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" box="[199,1302,1756,1780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20F61081E827F941" bold="true" box="[199,334,1756,1780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name refers to the round microscleres assumed to be modified asters (see below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCB20F6115DEDC0F8AD" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" box="[199,1193,1792,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20F6115DE842F8AD" bold="true" box="[199,299,1792,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology.</emphasis>
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In a fringing reef at some depth in a sheltered position underneath coral rubble.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CDBA654EFFE8FFC920F61179EAEBFE18" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE8FFCA20F61179E8E2FE32" blockId="8.[151,1437,1287,2032]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,391]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB20F61179E852F889" bold="true" box="[199,315,1828,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimen is assigned to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB23391178EA16F889" box="[776,895,1829,1852]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB23391178EA16F889" box="[776,895,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paratimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on account of the spicule complement of tylostyles, centrotylote oxeas and aster(-derived) microscleres. No
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB236B1114EAB9F8D5" box="[858,976,1865,1888]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB236B1114EAB9F8D5" box="[858,976,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paratimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have been recorded from Pacific waters so far. From the nine species described in the genus (all from the Atlantic Ocean), the new species differs rather strongly in the possession of microscleres that are only assumed to be modified asters. Similar globular modifications of (spher-)asters are known from certain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB22E311E9EA70F879" box="[722,793,1972,1996]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB22E311E9EA70F879" box="[722,793,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tethya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB23E411E9ED21F879" box="[981,1096,1972,1996]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Tethyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB248511E8E836F845" authority="Sara & Bavestrello, 1995" authorityName="Sara & Bavestrello" authorityYear="1995" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="omanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB248511E8EC2FF879" box="[1204,1350,1973,1996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T. omanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFE8FFCB257C11E9E836F845" author="Sara" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Sara, M. & Bavestrello, G. (1995) Tethya omanensis, a remarkable new species from an Oman cave (Porifera, Demospongiae). Bolletino di Zoologia, 62, 23 - 27." type="journal article" year="1995">Sarà & Bavestrello, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFE8FFCB21E41184EA4AF845" author="Van" box="[469,803,2008,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Beglinger, E. J. (2008) Tetractinellid and hadromerid sponges from the Sultanate of Oman. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 82 (53), 749 - 790." type="journal article" year="2008">Van Soest & Beglinger 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 779) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE8FFCB23AF1184EC0DF845" authority="Sara & Bavestrello, 1998" authorityName="Sara & Bavestrello" authorityYear="1998" box="[926,1380,2008,2032]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE8FFCB23AF1184ED5DF845" box="[926,1076,2008,2032]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFE8FFCB240F1185EC0DF845" author="Sara" box="[1086,1380,2008,2032]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Sara, M. & Bavestrello, G. (1998) Two new species of Tethya (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the Canary and Cape Verde Islands. Italian Journal of Zoology, 65, 371 - 376." type="journal article" year="1998">Sarà & Bavestrello, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The modification from a spheraster to a siliceous sphere appears to be associated with isolation as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE9FFCA248C16C4EC26FF05" box="[1213,1359,153,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="omanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA248C16C4EC26FF05" box="[1213,1359,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">T. omanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE9FFCA25B616C4E866FF61" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="irregularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA25B616C4E866FF61" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">T. irregularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are only known from an inland sinkhole several hundreds of meters from the sea. If the elongate siliceous rods reported above are indeed derivations of the megascleres, then a parallel is found with similar hypersilicified megascleres reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFE9FFCA223A1758EA78FEA9" box="[523,785,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M., De Kluijver, M. J., Van Bragt, P. H., Faasse, M., Nijland, R., Beglinger, E. J., De Weerdt, W. H. & De Voogd, N. J. (2007) Sponge invaders in Dutch coastal waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 87 (6), 1733 - 1748." type="journal article">
|
||
Van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA22B51758EBD7FEA9" box="[644,702,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE9FFCA23091759EAB5FEA9" box="[824,988,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA23091759EAB5FEA9" box="[824,988,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hymeniacidon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE9FFCA24251759EDEDFEA9" box="[1044,1156,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA24251759EDEDFEA9" box="[1044,1156,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Haliclona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from inshore waterbodies in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFE9FFCA2173177AE896FE8A" box="[322,511,295,319]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Possibly, the isolated sponge-unfriendly waters of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFE9FFCA240E177AEDDEFE8A" box="[1087,1207,295,319]" name="Clipperton Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Clipperton</collectingCountry>
|
||
created similar conditions for a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE9FFCA21AD1710EB7AFED1" box="[412,531,333,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA21AD1710EB7AFED1" box="[412,531,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paratimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
causing its originally normal sphaerasters to develop into the present anomalous partly spined spheres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D1DF664DFFE9FFCA20A611C2EAAFF846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3227596/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[151,1436,433,1945]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFE9FFCA20A611C2EAAFF846" blockId="9.[151,1435,1950,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA20A611C2E865F800" bold="true" box="[151,268,1951,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFE9FFCA212B11FCEB6CF800" box="[282,517,1951,1974]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="globastrella" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA212B11FCEB6CF800" box="[282,517,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Paratimea globastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFE9FFCA223D11C3EB21F803" bold="true" box="[524,584,1950,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACE757ACFFE9FFCA223D11C3EB21F803" box="[524,584,1950,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, A. habit of holotype ZMA Por. 21202, B. thick section of skeleton showing dominance of globular silica bodies interpreted as modified asters, C. tylostyles, D. centrotylote oxeas, E. large globular aster, F. smaller globular asters showing various stages of aster-derived lobes and spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFEAFFC920F616C5EA3BFEF4" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFEAFFC920F616C5E981FF1A" box="[199,232,152,175]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFEAFFC920C316CAE8B8FF1A" author="Laubenfels" box="[242,465,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1954 b) Occurrence of sponges in an aquarium. Pacific Science, 8, 337 - 340." type="journal article" year="1954" yearSuffix="b">Laubenfels (1954b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC9226116C4EB97FF05" box="[592,766,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Timeidae" genus="Kotimea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tethyida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tethya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC9226116C4EB97FF05" box="[592,766,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Kotimea tethya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Honolulu Aquarium, an encrusting species with styles of 700
|
||
<date id="F11E1005FFEAFFC9211E16E0E809FF61" box="[303,352,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1914-10">x 14</date>
|
||
µm and variably sized spherasters (5–38 µm) with conical rays. If as could be hypothesized the sphere microscleres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC921AD16BFEBC8FF4C" box="[412,673,225,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="globastrella" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC921AD16BFEBC8FF4C" box="[412,673,225,249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Paratimea globastrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC922981682EB85FF4C" bold="true" box="[681,748,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ACE757ACFFEAFFC922981682EB85FF4C" box="[681,748,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are environmentally deformed asters, then possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC9250C16BFE9B5FEA8" class="Demospongiae" family="Timeidae" genus="Kotimea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tethyida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tethya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC9250C16BFE9B5FEA8" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Kotimea tethya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be a related sponge.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFEAFFC922361758EBC5FEA8" author="Rutzler" box="[519,684,261,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Rutzler, K. (2002) Family Timeidae Topsent, 1928. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (eds), Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Plenum Academic Press, London, New York, p 266 - 267." type="book chapter" year="2002">Rützler (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC9232C175BEAEAFEA8" box="[797,899,261,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Timeidae" genus="Kotimea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tethyida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tethya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC9232C175BEAEAFEA8" box="[797,899,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">K. tethya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC9239B175BEA84FEA8" box="[938,1005,262,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Timeidae" genus="Timea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC9239B175BEA84FEA8" box="[938,1005,262,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Timea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, likewise an encrusting sponge genus differing from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC9210C1777E8DAFEF4" box="[317,435,298,321]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC9210C1777E8DAFEF4" box="[317,435,298,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Paratimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the absence of centrotylote oxeas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="851F36C5FFEAFFC920F61713EAEBFE18" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
It is possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC921BA1710EA37FED0" authority="Hentschel,1909" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1909" box="[395,862,333,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lophastraea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC921BA1710EBC1FED0" box="[395,680,333,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hymedesmia lophastraea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E1314B34FFEAFFC9229E1710EA37FED0" author="Hentschel" box="[687,862,333,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hentschel, E. (1909) Tetraxonida. 1. Teil. In: Michaelsen W. & Hartmeyer R. (eds), Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger sudwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. Volume 2 (21). Fischer, Jena, p 347 - 402." type="journal article" year="1909">Hentschel,1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from SW
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FDB77655FFEAFFC923E31710ED50FED0" box="[978,1081,333,357]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is also a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC925111710E98DFE3C" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Hemiasterellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and if so, a likely member of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42A04D46FFEAFFC92281172FEA4EFE3C" box="[688,807,370,393]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hemiasterellidae" genus="Paratimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7D4EAD7FFEAFFC92281172FEA4EFE3C" box="[688,807,370,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Paratimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of its thinly encrusting habit. This species possesses proper asters with peculiar anthaster-like micromorphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |