plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/F5/07/03F50713991BFFA10676F557FD64F95F.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

211 lines
22 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="36E0B7B49DBDC596B423EC809F8511D9" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F50713991BFFA10676F557FD64F95F" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Alcelaphus tora Gray 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="652" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="651" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="6FF4651DF7860E76218B125CE10E79E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C5FDA2E9C1A952068E25EE74ECDB711F">
<mods:title id="1055DF698D5088873F5EB55328C478FA">Bovidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="016A9986EFF3B48D6622ABE0B5DE8C29" type="personal">
<mods:role id="02165FAC2299474C982A065C611A5686">
<mods:roleTerm id="171D1FFA0E123C23CADEAD34BB9140D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1E45960AA27C405B337EDF838BCBC9F5">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1ED713E310AD2F3C825BF091C5D88E08" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5F893CFBFC4745EA095A0ABE7C0CEC0C">
<mods:roleTerm id="72088B640597B5AD8012F799C6AA70BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6AB8A0671A80A69242356A2174E10D94">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="09577350D6134F8B17112D5775CFA989">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="AD936A17D6A08483CB6CE6B64C7EC8B7" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="90D149265A53FDFD28F6D1368E17DF1D">
<mods:dateIssued id="E4A4B07DA2A3A9382114F2DD5DA1620D">2011</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:dateOther id="23BD8DDF974582FF52D4D4131522D316" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
<mods:publisher id="194984D1E14ADA8B6E2EAD41CFF7CE65">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="E111CE983FA05D1F58FA545B56A39DFD">
<mods:placeTerm id="68D27D7E262EF652643CF16B0086F23A">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="C98B6006D1306427529FA6437C2A2778">
<mods:title id="25D5F9E2D69259616B48E2DA1317EFE0">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="987029C4E76F2BBF566D150FEA6E4FAD">
<mods:extent id="249B1C6BE3F857050B3ABFBEF5A49966" unit="page">
<mods:start id="87ED1E789C5C9103A8FBCA75CD267EE3">444</mods:start>
<mods:end id="43B4B7FC997FC5F8AFA508385ECE5B26">779</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="32203DC01097180DAE1D89097A589049">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="81B1ADB0B4FCE7BF26EB473D90533413" type="CLB-Dataset">58516</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FFBE3D0273C1FE701E2426C896354CFD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6512484</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="30FD77EB44E32F847DCE0A03E68A90B1" type="GBIF-Dataset">67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D5653406262427AD3FFAF4AC2075EC44" type="ISBN">978-84-96553-77-4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1ADEDFBF03E8AD62185ED3047DE41DC8" type="Zenodo-Dep">6512484</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F50713991BFFA10676F557FD64F95F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6636863" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195659394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6636863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F50713991BFFA10676F557FD64F95F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F50713991BFFA10676F557FD64F95F" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="652" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA00676F557FA42F482" box="[1376,1455,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA00676F557FA42F482" blockId="80.[1372,2163,2773,2860]" box="[1376,1455,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<heading id="D0AB0169991BFFA00676F557FA42F482" box="[1376,1455,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<figureCitation id="1367AA80991BFFA00676F557FA42F482" box="[1376,1455,2773,2819]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="80.[103,133,3387,3408]" captionTargetBox="[12,2756,15,3637]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="On following pages: 147. Swayne's Hartebeest (Alcelaphus swaynel); 148. Kongoni (Alcelaphus coki); 149. Lichtenstein's Hartebeest (Alcelaphus lichtensteinii); 150. Red Hartebeest (Alcelaphus caama); 151. Herola (Beatragus hunter)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512946" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512946/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">146.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA006D6F557F8FCF482" box="[1472,1809,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA006D6F557F8FCF482" blockId="80.[1372,2163,2773,2860]" box="[1472,1809,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<heading id="D0AB0169991BFFA006D6F557F8FCF482" box="[1472,1809,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<vernacularName id="055FC62B991BFFA006D6F557F8FCF482" box="[1472,1809,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Tora Hartebeest</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA00442F557F789F482" box="[1876,2148,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA00442F557F789F482" blockId="80.[1372,2163,2773,2860]" box="[1876,2148,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<heading id="D0AB0169991BFFA00442F557F789F482" box="[1876,2148,2773,2819]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA00442F557F789F482" authority="Gray, 1873" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1873" box="[1876,2148,2773,2819]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tora">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA00442F557F789F482" box="[1876,2148,2773,2819]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Alcelaphus tora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA0064BF497F79EF4AB" box="[1373,2163,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA0064BF497F79EF4AB" blockId="80.[1372,2163,2773,2860]" box="[1373,2163,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<heading id="D0AB0169991BFFA0064BF497F79EF4AB" box="[1373,2163,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA0064BF497FA47F4AB" bold="true" box="[1373,1450,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055FC62B991BFFA006A5F497F9CEF4AB" box="[1459,1571,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Bubale tora</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA0052EF497F97EF4AB" bold="true" box="[1592,1683,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055FC62B991BFFA0058DF497F8ACF4AB" box="[1691,1857,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Tora-Kuhantilope</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA00440F497F85CF4AB" bold="true" box="[1878,1969,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055FC62B991BFFA004ACF497F7E4F4AB" box="[1978,2057,2837,2858]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Alcelafo</vernacularName>
de
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991BFFA00B24F497F79EF4AB" box="[2098,2163,2837,2858]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Etiopia</collectingCountry>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA0064AF4D9F88BF4F9" box="[1372,1894,2907,2936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA0064AF4D9F88BF4F9" blockId="80.[1371,2573,2907,3298]" box="[1372,1894,2907,2936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA0064AF4D9FA1AF4F9" bold="true" box="[1372,1527,2907,2936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA00514F4D9F88FF4F9" authority="Gray, 1873" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1873" box="[1538,1890,2907,2936]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tora">Alcelaphus tora Gray, 1873</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA00464F4D9F735F4F9" box="[1906,2264,2907,2936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA00464F4D9F735F4F9" blockId="80.[1371,2573,2907,3298]" box="[1906,2264,2907,2936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<materialsCitation id="3B34BC58991BFFA00464F4D9F735F4F9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198468" box="[1906,2264,2907,2936]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
Dembelas, Bogos,
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991BFFA00B65F4D9F739F4F9" box="[2163,2260,2907,2936]" name="Eritrea" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA0064BF400F9C1F3BC" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA0064BF400F9C1F3BC" blockId="80.[1371,2573,2907,3298]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
Formerly considered a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA00464F400F7C5F41E" authority="Blyth, 1869" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1869" box="[1906,2088,2946,2975]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">A. buselaphus</taxonomicName>
, which is now extinct. In the late 20&quot; century, it was customary for all or most hartebeest to be included as subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA00695F452F9DBF46C" authority="Blyth, 1869" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1869" box="[1411,1590,3024,3053]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">A. buselaphus</taxonomicName>
. There seems no particular reason for them to have been placed in a single species, and the more we learn about them the more distinct they are found to be. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA0064BF3C0F649F3E2" box="[1373,2468,3138,3171]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="distribution">
<caption id="DF23E68D991BFFA0064BF3C0F649F3E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512643" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512643" box="[1373,2468,3138,3171]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512643/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" targetBox="[201,794,278,693]" targetPageId="81">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA0064BF3C0F649F3E2" blockId="80.[1371,2573,2907,3298]" box="[1373,2468,3138,3171]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA0064BF3C0F9E1F3E2" bold="true" box="[1373,1548,3138,3171]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Distribution.</emphasis>
Savannas of
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991BFFA005D2F3C0F8C9F3E2" box="[1732,1828,3138,3171]" name="Eritrea" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
and NW
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991BFFA004BCF3C0F7CEF3E2" box="[1962,2083,3138,3171]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
; probably extinct in
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991BFFA00A50F3C0F64DF3E2" box="[2374,2464,3138,3171]" name="Sudan" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Sudan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991BFFA1064BF3E8FDAEFC86" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="652" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA1064BF3E8FDAEFC86" blockId="80.[1371,2573,2907,3298]" lastBlockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="652" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991BFFA0064BF3E8F9B4F30A" bold="true" box="[1373,1625,3178,3211]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head—body
<quantity id="4CA41BE0991BFFA0040CF3E8F869F30A" box="[1818,1924,3178,3211]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" unit="cm" value="200.0">200 cm</quantity>
, tail
<quantity id="4CA41BE0991BFFA004C7F3E8F7C6F30A" box="[2001,2091,3178,3211]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
, shoulder height
<quantity id="4CA41BE0991BFFA00A23F3E8F671F30A" box="[2357,2460,3178,3211]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" unit="cm" value="130.0">130 cm</quantity>
; weight
<quantity id="4CA41BE0991BFFA00677F313FA52F333" box="[1377,1471,3217,3250]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.6" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" unit="kg" value="160.0">160 kg</quantity>
. In males, horn circumference is low relative to skull length. Measurements for males: greatest skull length 48-48-7 cm, horn span 122-128% of basal length, and least frontal width 65-67% of biorbital width. The horns turn slightly up, then point outward and upward, and finally upward again, forming a shape between a U and a V when seen from the front. The skull is more lightly built than in any other hartebeest, and it is the least sexually dimorphic in this character, in pedicle height, and (second only to the Kongoni, A. cok) in horn circumference. It belongs to the “lightly armed” East African group of hartebeest species. The color is pale tawny, the rump patch dirty white; the tail tuft and front of forelegs black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF23E68D991BFFA00371F2B9FED1F2FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512946" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512946" captionStart="41" captionText="144. Western Hartebeest (Alcelaphus major), 145. Lelwel Hartebeest (Alcelaphus lelwel), 146. Tora Hartebeest (Alcelaphus tora), 147. Swayne’s Hartebeest (Alcelaphus swaynei), 148. Kongoni (Alcelaphus cok), 149. Lichtenstein’s Hartebeest (Alcelaphus lichtensteinii), 150. Red Hartebeest (Alcelaphus caama), 151. Herola (Beatragus hunter)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512946/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" startId="80.[103,133,3387,3408]" targetBox="[12,2756,15,3637]" targetPageId="79">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991BFFA00371F2B9FED1F2FB" blockId="80.[100,2575,3362,3454]" pageId="80" pageNumber="651">
On following pages: 147. Swayne's Hartebeest (
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA0016DF2B9FD1CF2D1" box="[635,753,3387,3408]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alcelaphus</taxonomicName>
swaynel); 148. Kongoni (
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA0071EF2B9FB93F2D1" box="[1032,1150,3387,3408]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alcelaphus</taxonomicName>
coki); 149. Lichtenstein's Hartebeest (
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA0053DF2B9F8D9F2D1" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1579,1844,3387,3408]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lichtensteinii">Alcelaphus lichtensteinii</taxonomicName>
); 150. Red Hartebeest (
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA00B2DF2B9F6ECF2D1" box="[2107,2305,3387,3408]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="702" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caama">Alcelaphus caama</taxonomicName>
); 151. Herola (
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991BFFA00379F2E3FEDCF2FB" box="[111,305,3425,3450]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Beatragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="80" pageNumber="651" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hunter">Beatragus hunter</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103DCFC8CFBD8FCD7" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103DCFC8CFBD8FCD7" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103DCFC8CFED5FCAE" bold="true" box="[202,312,782,815]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Habitat.</emphasis>
There is no specific information available for this species, but in general it occurs in tropical and subtropical dry savannas and grasslands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103DFFCDFFC2BFC4D" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103DFFCDFFC2BFC4D" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103DFFCDFFE34FCFF" bold="true" box="[201,473,861,894]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
There is no specific information available for this species, but hartebeest feed on grasses. Their narrow heads are well suited to selecting tender grass leaves from among the poorer quality stems and stalks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103DFFC51FB00FBC3" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103DFFC51FB00FBC3" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103DFFC51FEA3FC75" bold="true" box="[201,334,979,1012]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Breeding.</emphasis>
There is no specific information available for this species, but its “lightly armed”status and relative lack of sexual dimorphism suggest less intense seasonality in breeding, and hence less intermale fighting, than in some other hartebeest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103D1FBCBFBA5FB11" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="activity">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103D1FBCBFBA5FB11" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103D1FBCBFE5FFBEB" bold="true" box="[199,434,1097,1130]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
There is no specific information available for this species, but most hartebeest are diurnal, alternating foraging and resting periods.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103DEFB19FE8BFAAD" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103DEFB19FE8BFAAD" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103DEFB19FC7BFB39" bold="true" box="[200,918,1179,1208]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
There is no specific information available for this species, but other hartebeest are gregarious animals often seen feeding in herds of around 20. When there is an abundance of fresh grass, many more may gather.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103D1FAB7FB0DF936" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103D1FAB7FB0DF936" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103D1FAB7FDF0FAD7" bold="true" box="[199,541,1333,1366]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Critically Endangered on The IUCN Red List (as A.
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991AFFA103DFFAE2FEBFFAFC" box="[201,338,1376,1405]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buselaphus">buselaphus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86991AFFA1024AFAE2FE7CFAFC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1873" box="[348,401,1376,1405]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Alcelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tora">tora</taxonomicName>
). The range of this species was more or less along
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991AFFA10746FAE2FB3BFAFC" box="[1104,1238,1376,1405]" name="Sudan" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
—Ethiopian border from Lake Turkana north to western
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991AFFA10050FA05FC4AFA25" box="[838,935,1415,1444]" name="Eritrea" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
. Recent surveys in
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991AFFA107A1FA05FAC0FA25" box="[1207,1325,1415,1444]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
have failed to find it; whether it still occurs in
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991AFFA10016FA2DFCB3FA4D" box="[768,862,1455,1484]" name="Eritrea" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
is unknown. The region from the east side of Lake Turkana north to the Dinder River (
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991AFFA10079FA54FC33FA72" box="[879,990,1494,1523]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
—
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695991AFFA100E9FA54FBA2FA72" box="[1023,1103,1494,1523]" name="Sudan" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Sudan</collectingCountry>
border) was thought to be a hybrid zone between the Lelwel Hartebeest (A. lelwel) and the Tora Hartbeest. The total population numbers less than 250 mature individuals,is still declining, and no subpopulation contains 50 or more mature individuals, according to the latest assessment. As with other hartebeest species, habitat loss, overhunting, and competition with livestock are thought to be the important causes of population decline.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E991AFFA103D1F94BFD64F95F" box="[199,649,1737,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605991AFFA103D1F94BFD64F95F" blockId="81.[197,1403,708,1758]" box="[199,649,1737,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">
<emphasis id="B9286A17991AFFA103D1F94BFE8DF95F" bold="true" box="[199,352,1737,1758]" pageId="81" pageNumber="652">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Capellini &amp; Gosling (2006).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink