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<document id="D668CE95BDF6541510A27257E9B04D8B" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F50713990CFFB706D3FA85F59FF44E" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hippotragus roosevelti" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="642" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="642" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart id="4BAB410E555A422C1DBAB2E154EC9B00">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3F4915EEE8B3C548D148E64A841FCB76">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E1865E70B4476E71390D72AECC77BC18">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D3FA85F9F8FAB4" blockId="71.[1473,2596,1287,1375]" box="[1477,1557,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<heading id="D0AB0169990CFFB706D3FA85F9F8FAB4" box="[1477,1557,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<figureCitation id="1367AA80990CFFB706D3FA85F9F8FAB4" box="[1477,1557,1287,1333]" captionStart="Plate 39: Bovidae" captionStartId="70.[92,122,3433,3454]" captionTargetBox="[12,2753,13,3636]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="134. Roan Antelope (Hippotragus equinus), 135. Southern Sable Antelope (Hippotragus niger), 136. Roosevelt's Sable Antelope (Hippotragus roosevelti), 137. Addax (Addax nasomaculatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512942/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">136.</figureCitation>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB70533FA85F7BDFAB4" blockId="71.[1473,2596,1287,1375]" box="[1573,2128,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<heading id="D0AB0169990CFFB70533FA85F7BDFAB4" box="[1573,2128,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<vernacularName id="055FC62B990CFFB70533FA85F7BDFAB4" box="[1573,2128,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Roosevelt's Sable Antelope</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB70B8EFA85F5CEFAB4" box="[2200,2595,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB70B8EFA85F5CEFAB4" blockId="71.[1473,2596,1287,1375]" box="[2200,2595,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<heading id="D0AB0169990CFFB70B8EFA85F5CEFAB4" box="[2200,2595,1287,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70B8EFA85F5CEFAB4" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[2200,2595,1287,1333]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Hippotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roosevelti">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB70B8EFA85F5CEFAB4" box="[2200,2595,1287,1333]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Hippotragus roosevelti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D4FAC5F61BFADD" box="[1474,2550,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D4FAC5F61BFADD" blockId="71.[1473,2596,1287,1375]" box="[1474,2550,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<heading id="D0AB0169990CFFB706D4FAC5F61BFADD" box="[1474,2550,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D4FAC5F9E2FADD" bold="true" box="[1474,1551,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055FC62B990CFFB7050EFAC5F8F1FADD" box="[1560,1820,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Hippotrague de Roosevelt</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB70427FAC5F861FADD" bold="true" box="[1841,1932,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055FC62B990CFFB70483FAC5F77CFADD" box="[1941,2193,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Ostafrika-Rappenantilope</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB70BB0FAC5F6ECFADD" bold="true" box="[2214,2305,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055FC62B990CFFB70A1DFAC5F686FADD" box="[2315,2411,1351,1372]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Hipotrago</vernacularName>
sable oriental
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB70B3FFA13F59DFA2B" box="[2089,2672,1425,1450]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB70B3FFA13F59DFA2B" blockId="71.[2089,2677,1425,1843]" box="[2089,2672,1425,1450]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB70B3FFA13F72EFA2B" bold="true" box="[2089,2243,1425,1450]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70BC2FA13F581FA2B" authority="Heller, 1910" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1910" box="[2260,2668,1425,1450]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Ozanna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roosevelti">Ozanna roosevelti Heller, 1910</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB70B3CFA3AF6A7FA50" box="[2090,2378,1464,1489]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB70B3CFA3AF6A7FA50" blockId="71.[2089,2677,1425,1843]" box="[2090,2378,1464,1489]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<materialsCitation id="3B34BC58990CFFB70B3CFA3AF6A7FA50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198343" box="[2090,2378,1464,1489]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
Shimba Hills,
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB70BF9FA3AF6ABFA50" box="[2287,2374,1464,1489]" name="Kenya" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Kenya</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB70B3FFA55F72BF8B2" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB70B3FFA55F72BF8B2" blockId="71.[2089,2677,1425,1843]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
Formerly included as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70947FA55F786F9A1" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Hippotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">H. niger</taxonomicName>
. In western
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB70A05FA7DF67EF9A1" box="[2323,2451,1535,1568]" name="Tanzania" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, there are small populations that appear to have replaced populations of the Southern Sable Antelope (
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70B69F9F6F71FF914" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[2175,2290,1652,1685]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Hippotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">H. niger</taxonomicName>
), because many individuals have the mtDNA typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70AB2F91EF59DF93C" box="[2468,2672,1692,1725]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Hippotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="niger" subSpecies="varian">H. niger varian</taxonomicName>
: instead of the very distinctive mtDNA of the eastern populations of H. roosevelti. Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D4F8B8F582F803" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="distribution">
<caption id="DF23E68D990CFFB706D4F8B8F582F803" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512621/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" targetBox="[1472,2066,1426,1842]" targetPageId="71">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D4F8B8F582F803" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D4F8B8F99CF8DA" bold="true" box="[1474,1649,1850,1883]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Distribution.</emphasis>
SE
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB705B1F8B8F911F8DA" box="[1703,1788,1850,1883]" name="Kenya" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(Shimba Hills) and E
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB70B26F8B8F743F8DA" box="[2096,2222,1850,1883]" name="Tanzania" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(Sadani, Songea &amp; Selous Game Reserve); in 1994 one was photographed N of Voi in Tsavo East National Park,
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB70902F8E3F586F803" box="[2580,2667,1889,1922]" name="Kenya" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Kenya</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D4F80AF59DF765" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D4F80AF59DF765" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D4F80AF956F828" bold="true" box="[1474,1723,1928,1961]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 175-182 cm,tail 52-53 cm, shoulder height c.
<quantity id="4CA41BE0990CFFB70916F80AF586F828" box="[2560,2667,1928,1961]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" unit="cm" value="128.0">128 cm</quantity>
, ear 23-24 cm, hindfoot 51-53 cm; weight 165-180 kg (based on two males). This species is noticeably smaller than the Southern Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70B6BF855F6EDF879" box="[2173,2304,2007,2040]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
, with much shorter horns, and the distance across the horn basesis less. Females are almost invariably a relatively pale golden-red color, dramatically contrasting with the nearly black color of the male, although an occasional very dark female has been recorded. As noted above, the West Tanzanian Roosevelt's Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70442F7F6F83AF714" box="[1876,2007,2164,2197]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
, although externally typical of this species, may have resulted from an ancient mixture between H. roosevelt: and a now-vanished population related to
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB705BEF745F8FFF765" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1704,1810,2247,2276]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Hippotragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">H. niger</taxonomicName>
variani. Dental formulais10/3,C0/1,P3/3,M 3/3 (x2) = 32.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D4F768F68AF6B2" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D4F768F68AF6B2" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D4F768F9DFF68A" bold="true" box="[1474,1586,2282,2315]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Habitat.</emphasis>
In
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB70572F768F956F68A" box="[1636,1723,2282,2315]" name="Kenya" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, Roosevelt's Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB704D6F768F7ACF68A" box="[1984,2113,2282,2315]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
prefers more open grasslands, a habitat preference apparently unlike that of the Southern Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70BC9F690F68EF6B2" box="[2271,2403,2322,2355]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D4F6BBF8D5F603" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D4F6BBF8D5F603" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D4F6BBF92AF6DB" bold="true" box="[1474,1735,2361,2394]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Stable isotope analysis of enamel indicates that the diet of this species consists of 100% grass.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D5F60AF70EF676" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D5F60AF70EF676" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D5F60AF9A4F628" bold="true" box="[1475,1609,2440,2473]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Breeding.</emphasis>
Unlike the Southern Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB704DBF60AF7BDF628" box="[1997,2128,2440,2473]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
, there appear to be no breeding peaks. A female has a postpartum estrus and may breed every ten months or so. Newborn calves appearto join the herd quickly rather than hiding.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D7F67CF685F59E" box="[1473,2408,2558,2591]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="activity">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D7F67CF685F59E" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" box="[1473,2408,2558,2591]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D7F67CF946F59E" bold="true" box="[1473,1707,2558,2591]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
There is no information available for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D5F5A7F6FFF4B3" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D5F5A7F6FFF4B3" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D5F5A7F76FF5C7" bold="true" box="[1475,2178,2597,2630]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Home ranges of the herds are 10-25 km?, overlapping by as much as 20%. A herds home range will include territories of 2-5 males. The males territories are 4-9 km?. The social organization is much like that of the Southern Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB70454F521F82BF53D" box="[1858,1990,2723,2748]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
. The oldest, most dominant female, in one field study, remained at a distance of about
<quantity id="4CA41BE0990CFFB704F7F548F7C8F562" box="[2017,2085,2762,2787]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
from other members of the herd and was much more vigilant. At times, two females may dispute dominance, and a herd may divide into two smaller herds, each with its own home range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D2F4BAF664F426" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D2F4BAF664F426" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D2F4BAF8C8F4D8" bold="true" box="[1476,1829,2872,2905]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
The IUCN Red List does not classify Roosevelt's Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB7093EF4BAF9EDF401" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
separately from the Southern Sable
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD86990CFFB704EFF4DDF790F401" box="[2041,2173,2911,2944]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope</taxonomicName>
. However,it is quite scarce with only 100-200 individuals remaining in its northernmost outpost in
<collectingCountry id="F34BF695990CFFB70A38F404F668F426" box="[2350,2437,2950,2983]" name="Kenya" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Kenya</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C346E58E990CFFB706D3F434F59FF44E" box="[1477,2674,2998,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="8BE3B605990CFFB706D3F434F59FF44E" blockId="71.[1473,2676,1850,3023]" box="[1477,2674,2998,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">
<emphasis id="B9286A17990CFFB706D3F434F9B6F44E" bold="true" box="[1477,1627,2998,3023]" pageId="71" pageNumber="642">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Estes (1991a, 1991b, 2000), Kingdon (1982), Roosevelt &amp; Heller (1914), Sponheimeret al. (2003).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>