297 lines
36 KiB
XML
297 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="84AD5587801CA314A4840649D881EA02">Taxonomic review of Polynema (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in Australia and New Zealand, with descriptions of eight new species</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="C27FC979D359EB535A2D196723B2201D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="05C3BFD052122D8E8FE7C6BF7E65522D">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4465121" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177123179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4465121" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:952B804C-7B7A-470D-9323-DBCD5F676911" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879" lastPageNumber="191" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFD05FE44" blockId="40.[151,742,366,429]" box="[151,742,366,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<heading id="D097D844FFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFD05FE44" bold="true" box="[151,742,366,393]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFD05FE44" bold="true" box="[151,742,366,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFD74FE45" authority="Triapitsyn" authorityName="Triapitsyn" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,663,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="markiza" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Polynema">
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<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFEF3FE44" bold="true" box="[151,272,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Polynema</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30C10FEFDFE79FE44" bold="true" box="[289,410,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Polynema</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30C9AFEFDFDEEFE44" bold="true" box="[427,525,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">markiza</emphasis>
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Triapitsyn
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2270E41FFCAFFC30F95FEFCFD05FE44" box="[676,742,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DA6FE00FEA1FE60" box="[151,322,403,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DA6FE00FEA1FE60" blockId="40.[151,742,366,429]" box="[151,322,403,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30DAEFE00FED9FE60" box="[159,314,403,429]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 117–120" captionStart-1="FIGURES 121–123" captionStartId-0="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionStartId-1="42.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1373,181,1891]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@42.[214,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="41" captionTargetPageId-1="42" captionText-0="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." captionText-1="FIGURES 121–123. Polynema (Polynema) markiza: 121, female head in frontal view (holotype); 122, female habitus in lateral view (paratype, Stephens Island, New Zealand); 123, male antenna (paratype)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454286" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4454286/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Figs 117–123</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DA6FE44FD4EFE22" box="[151,685,471,496]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DA6FE44FD4EFE22" blockId="40.[151,685,471,496]" box="[151,685,471,496]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB704806FFCAFFC30DA6FE44FD4EFE22" box="[151,685,471,496]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC30DA6FE44FF1FFE22" ID-CoL="9CLR2" authority="Haliday, 1833" box="[151,252,471,495]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DA6FE44FF1FFE22" box="[151,252,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Polynema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC14939FFCAFFC30C1CFE4BFDAEFE22" author="Noyes, J. S. & Valentine, E. W." box="[301,589,471,496]" page="46" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF112D9FFCAFFC30C1CFE4BFDAEFE22" author="Noyes, J. S. & Valentine, E. W." box="[301,589,471,496]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref23478" refString="Noyes, J. S. & Valentine, E. W. (1989) Mymaridae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) - introduction, and review of genera. Fauna of New Zealand, 17, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1989">Noyes & Valentine 1989: 46</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in part).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DA6FD8EFD38FC95" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DA6FD8EFE64FD6E" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DA6FD8EFEAAFDFA" bold="true" box="[151,329,541,567]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B086575FFCAFFC30C62FD8EFE64FD6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3025460353" collectionCode="NZAC, V" collectorName="G. W. Ramsay & N. Z. Arthropod Collection" country="New Zealand" location="The" municipality="Stephens Island" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NZAC" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54DBD18AFFCAFFC30C62FD8EFE58FDFA" box="[339,443,541,567]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female [
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<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30F12FD8EFD96FDF5" box="[547,629,541,568]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
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] on slide (
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<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30FC4FD8EFCB4FDFA" box="[757,855,541,567]" captionStart="FIGURES 117–120" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
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) labeled: 1. “Stephens I, SD, NZ, 20.ii.71,
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<collectorName id="26950AFEFFCAFFC30869FD8EFF14FD96" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">G. W. Ramsay</collectorName>
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”; 2. “E1272”; 3. [yellow] “
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<collectorName id="26950AFEFFCAFFC30F04FDD2FC8AFD96" box="[565,873,577,603]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">N.Z. Arthropod Collection</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49A4A1CAFFCAFFC30E47FDD2FC26FD96" box="[886,965,577,603]" country="New Zealand" name="NZAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">NZAC</collectingRegion>
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, Private Bag 92170,
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<collectingRegion id="49A4A1CAFFCAFFC30988FDD2FABAFD96" box="[1209,1369,577,603]" country="New Zealand" name="Auckland" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">AUCKLAND</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3772FB8FFCAFFC30856FDD1FF14FDB2" name="New Zealand" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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”; 4. “Mounted at UCR/ERM by
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<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30F57FDF5FD99FD4D" box="[614,634,614,640]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30FB5FDF5FD7BFD4D" box="[644,664,614,640]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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. Berezovskiy
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<quantity id="4C98C2CDFFCAFFC30E07FDF6FC6FFDB2" box="[822,908,613,639]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0952399999999995" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" unit="in" value="2006.0">2006 in</quantity>
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<collectingCountry id="F3772FB8FFCAFFC30EA2FDF6FC04FDB2" box="[915,999,613,639]" name="Canada" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Canada</collectingCountry>
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balsam”.
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<location id="8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30966FDF6FB60FDB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879:8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30966FDF6FB60FDB2" box="[1111,1155,613,639]" country="New Zealand" municipality="Stephens Island" name="The" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" stateProvince="NZAC">The</location>
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type locality is
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BBBF552FFCAFFC30806FDF6FF3DFD6E" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Stephens Island</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3772FB8FFCAFFC30DDBFD19FE60FD6E" box="[234,387,649,676]" name="New Zealand" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6FD3DFD38FC95" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<materialsCitation id="3B086575FFCAFFC30DF6FD3DFB74FD21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3025460337" collectingDate="1977-04" collectionCode="NZAC, MC, R" collectorName="A. K. Walker" country="New Zealand" county="Prices Valley" location="North Island" municipality="Banks Peninsula" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54DBD18AFFCAFFC30DF6FD3DFEDBFD05" box="[199,312,686,712]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30C77FD3EFDC0FD0A" bold="true" box="[326,547,685,711]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
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<collectingCountry id="F3772FB8FFCAFFC30C77FD3EFDFDFD0A" box="[326,542,685,711]" name="New Zealand" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">NEW ZEALAND</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<location id="8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30F1FFD3EFD22FD0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879:8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30F1FFD3EFD22FD0A" box="[558,705,685,711]" country="New Zealand" county="Prices Valley" municipality="Banks Peninsula" name="North Island" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">North Island</location>
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, Lynfield (AK),
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<location id="8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30EB7FD3EFBE4FD05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879:8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30EB7FD3EFBE4FD05" box="[902,1031,685,712]" country="New Zealand" county="Prices Valley" municipality="Banks Peninsula" name="Wattle Bay" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Wattle Bay</location>
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,
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<date id="FFDE49E8FFCAFFC30924FD3EFB88FD0A" box="[1045,1131,685,711]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1977-04">
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<collectingDate id="EF9AB000FFCAFFC30924FD3EFB88FD0A" box="[1045,1131,685,711]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1977-04">iv.1977</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26950AFEFFCAFFC30949FD3DFAEAFD0A" box="[1144,1289,685,712]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">A.K. Walker</collectorName>
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||
(litter under
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC30DA6FD41FF08FD21" box="[151,235,722,748]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scirpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DA6FD41FF08FD21" box="[151,235,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Scirpus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grass) [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D66A4A1FFCAFFC30C73FD42FE85FD26" box="[322,358,721,747]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on points,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30CD1FD42FDD0FD21" box="[480,563,721,748]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
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].
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<location id="8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30F73FD42FD32FD26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879:8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30F73FD42FD32FD26" box="[578,721,721,747]" country="New Zealand" county="Prices Valley" municipality="Banks Peninsula" name="South Island" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">South Island</location>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBBF552FFCAFFC30FEAFD42FC77FD26" box="[731,916,721,747]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Banks Peninsula</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30E93FD42FC31FD26" box="[930,978,721,747]" country="0" name="Museo de Cipolleti" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">MC</collectionCode>
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),
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<collectingCounty id="62BE17A4FFCAFFC30ED4FD42FB9BFD26" box="[997,1144,721,747]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Prices Valley</collectingCounty>
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,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC309B3FD41FB74FD21" box="[1154,1175,722,748]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">R</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B086575FFCAFFC309ABFD41FD34FC95" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3025460304" collectingDate="1971-02" collectingDateMax="1981-02" collectingDateMin="1971-02" collectionCode="NZAC, UCRC" collectorName="P. Macfarlane & G. W. Ramsay" country="New Zealand" location="Stephens Island" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" specimenCount="14" specimenCount-female="14" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectorName id="26950AFEFFCAFFC309ABFD41FAD7FD26" box="[1178,1332,721,748]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">P. Macfarlane</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMethod id="5221173FFFCAFFC30873FD42FF26FCDD" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
, edge of native bush),
|
||
<date id="FFDE49E8FFCAFFC30CF3FD66FDFDFCC2" box="[450,542,757,783]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1980-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9AB000FFCAFFC30CF3FD66FDFDFCC2" box="[450,542,757,783]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1980-12">xii.1980</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D66A4A1FFCAFFC30F1FFD66FDB1FCC2" box="[558,594,757,783]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on cards,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30FF5FD66FCF3FCC2" box="[708,784,757,783]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
(2),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30E74FD66FC72FCC2" box="[837,913,757,783]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m2jc-wmeq" name="University of California, Riverside" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="University or college">UCRC</collectionCode>
|
||
(1), and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D66A4A1FFCAFFC30EC7FD66FBFAFCC2" box="[1014,1049,757,783]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on slides,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC309A1FD66FB3CFCC2" box="[1168,1247,757,783]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC309DBFD66FADFFCDD" box="[1258,1340,757,784]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m2jc-wmeq" name="University of California, Riverside" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="University or college">UCRC</collectionCode>
|
||
],
|
||
<date id="FFDE49E8FFCAFFC3087FFD66FA7FFCC2" box="[1358,1436,757,783]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1981-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9AB000FFCAFFC3087FFD66FA7FFCC2" box="[1358,1436,757,783]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1981-02">ii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D66A4A1FFCAFFC30D91FC89FF27FCF9" box="[160,196,794,820]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on cards,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30C06FC8AFE69FCF9" box="[311,394,793,820]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
<location id="8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30CABFC8AFDA9FCFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9DE3EFFCAFFC30DA6FEFDFE82F879:8EBF39F3FFCAFFC30CABFC8AFDA9FCFE" box="[410,586,793,819]" country="New Zealand" name="Stephens Island" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Stephens Island</location>
|
||
(SD),
|
||
<collectorName id="26950AFEFFCAFFC30FA7FC8AFCD1FCF9" box="[662,818,793,820]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">G.W. Ramsay</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDE49E8FFCAFFC30E0FFC8AFC4CFCFE" box="[830,943,793,819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1971-02-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9AB000FFCAFFC30E0FFC8AFC4CFCFE" box="[830,943,793,819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1971-02-20">20.ii.1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(E1272) [
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D66A4A1FFCAFFC30912FC8AFBA5FCFE" box="[1059,1094,793,819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on point,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30986FC8AFAEAFCF9" box="[1207,1289,793,820]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
],
|
||
<date id="FFDE49E8FFCAFFC3082BFC8AFA8AFCFE" box="[1306,1385,793,819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1971-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9AB000FFCAFFC3082BFC8AFA8AFCFE" box="[1306,1385,793,819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1971-02">ii.1971</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D66A4A1FFCAFFC3084BFC8AFA7EFCFE" box="[1402,1437,793,819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on slide (E1272/1), 1Ƌ on slide (E1272/2),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED71F7EDFFCAFFC30F4FFCAEFD32FC95" box="[638,721,829,856]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DF6FCF2FE2AF975" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6FCF2FB76FA82" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DF6FCF2FEBAFCB6" bold="true" box="[199,345,865,891]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
FEMALE (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBD18AFFCAFFC30CEAFCF2FDA7FCB1" box="[475,580,865,892]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Head and gaster dark brown; mesosoma brown except pronotum light brown and propodeum dark brown laterally; petiole light brown; scape and pedicel light brown, funicle brown, clava dark brown; legs light brown except apical tarsomeres brown (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30E59FC3AFC28FC0E" box="[872,971,937,963]" captionStart="FIGURES 121–123" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[214,1373,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-21@42.[214,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 121–123. Polynema (Polynema) markiza: 121, female head in frontal view (holotype); 122, female habitus in lateral view (paratype, Stephens Island, New Zealand); 123, male antenna (paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454286/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC3091DFC3AFB6EFC0E" box="[1068,1165,937,963]" captionStart="FIGURES 121–123" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[214,1373,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-21@42.[214,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 121–123. Polynema (Polynema) markiza: 121, female head in frontal view (holotype); 122, female habitus in lateral view (paratype, Stephens Island, New Zealand); 123, male antenna (paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454286/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
|
||
) about as high as wide. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30C37FC5EFE86FC2A" box="[262,357,973,999]" captionStart="FIGURES 117–120" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
) with scape (including short radicle) 2.9× as long as wide and with inconspicuous cross-ridges; pedicel smooth, longer than any funicular and 2.0× as long as wide; F1 the shortest and F2 the longest funiculars, F4 as long as F5 and shorter than F3, length to width ratios of funiculars: F1—1.7, F2—3.2; F3—3.5; F4—2.2; F5—1.8; F6—1.8, all funiculars without mps; clava 2.5× as long as wide, slightly shorter than combined length of the 3 preceding flagellomeres, with 6 mps. Mesosoma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30E20FBCEFC92FBBA" box="[785,881,1117,1143]" captionStart="FIGURES 117–120" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
|
||
) about 1.7× as long as wide; mesonotum mostly smooth except pronotum with mesh-like sculpture; pronotum entire, long; mesoscutum greatly reduced and much wider than long, without notauli and anterior pits; anterior scutellum wider than long and without campaniform sensilla, scutellum with frenal row of foveae, frenum very short (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30E7CFB5AFC53FB2E" box="[845,944,1225,1251]" captionStart="FIGURES 117–120" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
); propodeum with a short, very thin median carina at posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30CFDFB7EFDD3FACA" box="[460,560,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 117–120" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apterous. Metacoxa smooth, a little shorter than petiole. Petiole about 2.6× as long as wide, with anterolateral “wings” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30FBEFA82FD11FAE6" box="[655,754,1297,1323]" captionStart="FIGURES 117–120" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[151,1436,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 117–120. Polynema (Polynema) markiza, female (holotype): 117, slide; 118, antenna; 119, mesosoma; 120, frenum, metanotum, propodeum, and base of petiole." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454284/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ovipositor occupying almost 0.9 length of gaster, exserted beyond gastral apex by about 0.04× total length of ovipositor, and 1.3× length of metatibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6FAC9FC94FA5A" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
Measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBD18AFFCAFFC30C86FACAFDFAFABE" box="[439,537,1369,1395]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(µm). Mesosoma: 279; petiole: 88; gaster: 333; ovipositor: 303. Scape: 79; pedicel: 60; F1: 24; F2: 48; F3: 46; F4: 33; F5: 33; F6: 38; clava: 106.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6FA32FE3EF9CE" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
Variation (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBD18AFFCAFFC30C0EFA32FE52FA76" box="[319,433,1441,1467]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C98C2CDFFCAFFC30F6DFA32FD0DFA71" box="[604,750,1441,1468]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.9" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="625.0" valueMax="690.0" valueMin="560.0">560–690 µm</quantity>
|
||
(dry-mounted specimens, as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30950FA32FB26FA76" box="[1121,1221,1441,1467]" captionStart="FIGURES 121–123" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[214,1373,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-21@42.[214,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 121–123. Polynema (Polynema) markiza: 121, female head in frontal view (holotype); 122, female habitus in lateral view (paratype, Stephens Island, New Zealand); 123, male antenna (paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454286/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
|
||
). In slide-mounted specimens, scape (including radicle) 2.7–3.1× as long as wide, clava 2.8–3.1× as long as wide, and ovipositor 1.4–1.7× length of metatibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6F99DFE2AF975" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
MALE (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DBD18AFFCAFFC30C15F99EFE68F9EA" box="[292,395,1549,1575]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Similar to female except for the normal sexually dimorphic features of antenna and genitalia. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B73ADFFCAFFC30C37F9A2FE85F986" box="[262,358,1585,1611]" captionStart="FIGURES 121–123" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[214,1373,181,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-21@42.[214,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 121–123. Polynema (Polynema) markiza: 121, female head in frontal view (holotype); 122, female habitus in lateral view (paratype, Stephens Island, New Zealand); 123, male antenna (paratype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4454286/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Fig. 123</figureCitation>
|
||
) with scape 3.4× as long as wide. Genitalia atypical for species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC3096CF9A1FB91F986" box="[1117,1138,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">P.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC309B3F9A2FB11F986" box="[1154,1266,1585,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC309B3F9A2FB11F986" box="[1154,1266,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Polynema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF112D9FFCAFFC3083AF9A2FECEF9BD" author="Triapitsyn, S. V. & Fidalgo, P." pageId="40" pageNumber="191" pagination="55 - 68" refId="ref24223" refString="Triapitsyn, S. V. & Fidalgo, P. (2006) Definition of Doriclytus, stat. rev. as a subgenus of Polynema and redescription of its type species, P. (Doriclytus) vitripenne (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Zootaxa, 1362 (1), 55 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1362.1.4" type="journal article" year="2006">Triapitsyn & Fidalgo 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in having digiti not hooked, with only 1 small denticle at apex [unfortunately, the only male specimen of this species was greatly overcleared on a slide made by E.W. Valentine, so taking a good quality image of the genitalia was not possible].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DF6F952FEEAF932" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6F952FEEAF932" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DF6F952FEA1F916" bold="true" box="[199,322,1729,1755]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
See the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC30F1EF951FD37F916" authorityName="Triapitsyn" authorityYear="2021" box="[559,724,1729,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aristokratka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30F1EF951FD37F916" box="[559,724,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">P. aristokratka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only other known and described wingless
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC309D0F952FA63F916" box="[1249,1408,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC309D0F952FAB2F916" box="[1249,1361,1729,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Polynema</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2270E41FFCAFFC30869F951FA63F916" box="[1368,1408,1729,1755]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the world.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DF6F89AFAF0F8EE" box="[199,1299,1801,1828]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6F89AFAF0F8EE" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" box="[199,1299,1801,1828]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DF6F89AFEADF8EE" bold="true" box="[199,334,1801,1827]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name is a noun in apposition; it means marquise/marchioness in Russian.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A3CA3FFCAFFC30DF6F8BEFE82F879" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF6F28FFCAFFC30DF6F8BEFE82F879" blockId="40.[151,1437,541,1972]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DF6F8BEFED8F88A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1837,1863]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF112D9FFCAFFC30C72F8BDFD7AF885" author="Noyes, J. S. & Valentine, E. W." box="[323,665,1837,1864]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref23478" refString="Noyes, J. S. & Valentine, E. W. (1989) Mymaridae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) - introduction, and review of genera. Fauna of New Zealand, 17, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1989">Noyes & Valentine (1989: 46)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned an unusual, apterous species “with an almost cylindrical thorax, elongate pronotum, and reduced mesoscutum and scutellum”—E.W. Valentine considered this species and what is described here as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC30C88F8E5FDBDF842" authorityName="Triapitsyn" authorityYear="2021" box="[441,606,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Polynema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aristokratka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30C88F8E5FDBDF842" box="[441,606,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">P. aristokratka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be conspecific and identified and labeled them both on
|
||
<date id="FFDE49E8FFCAFFC309C2F8E6FA8AF842" box="[1267,1385,1909,1935]" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" value="1981-06-11">11.vi.1981</date>
|
||
as a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6014ABFFCAFFC30DA6F80AFED9F87E" authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1946" box="[151,314,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Barypolynema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914B33AFFCAFFC30DA6F80AFED9F87E" box="[151,314,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="191">Barypolynema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |