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<mods:title id="2E25A82734E769D6EFAC988E8276E71C">Revision of Japanese species of the genus Ecnomus McLachlan (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae), with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F39E16FFA4F25A0D97FE88FE1BFD07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069234" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120731467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069234" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F39E16FFA4F25A0D97FE88FE1BFD07" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F39E16FFA4F25A0D97FE88FE1BFD07" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<subSubSection id="C3407C8BFFA4F25D0D97FE88FEF3FE4C" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0D97FE88FD8EFEAD" blockId="3.[151,565,332,391]" box="[151,565,332,358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<heading id="D0AD986CFFA4F25D0D97FE88FD8EFEAD" bold="true" box="[151,565,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0D97FE88FD8EFEAD" ID-CoL="6DWNF" authority="Rambur 1842" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,565,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FE88FD8EFEAD" bold="true" box="[151,565,332,358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FE88FED5FEAD" bold="true" box="[151,366,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Ecnomus tenellus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0C7EFE88FD96FEAD" author="Rambur" box="[382,557,332,358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Rambur, P. J. (1842) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Nevropteres, Paris, 534 pp. + 12 pls." type="book" year="1842">Rambur 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0D97FEAAFEF3FE4C" blockId="3.[151,565,332,391]" box="[151,328,366,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
(
<figureCitation id="13613385FFA4F25D0D9FFEAAFF57FE4C" box="[159,236,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1400,1422]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,636,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,636,1379]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ecnomus tenellus Rambur (Hokkaidô, Shikotsu-ko). 2 A 2 C, male genitalia: 2 A, left lateral; 2 B, dorsal; 2 C, ventral; 2 D, female genitalia, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265302/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
AD, 6)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3407C8BFFA4F25D0D97FE72FE95FD8C" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0D97FE72FEAAFDC1" blockId="3.[151,1436,438,583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4A082EFFA4F25D0D97FE72FEAAFDC1" infered="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0D97FE72FD86FE07" authority="Rambur 1842: 503" authorityName="Rambur" authorityPageNumber="503" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,573,438,460]" class="Insecta" family="Philopotamidae" genus="Philopotamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FE72FEC2FE07" box="[151,377,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Philopotamus tenellus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFB0911FFA4F25D0C7FFE72FD86FE07" author="Rambur" box="[383,573,438,460]" page="503" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" year="1842">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0C7FFE72FDB6FE07" author="Rambur" box="[383,525,438,460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Rambur, P. J. (1842) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Nevropteres, Paris, 534 pp. + 12 pls." type="book" year="1842">Rambur 1842</bibRefCitation>
: 503
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA4F25D0F48FE73FDC6FE07" box="[584,637,439,460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA4F25D0FDDFE72FC93FE07" box="[733,808,438,460]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">France</collectingCountry>
]. (
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA4F25D0E3EFE72FCC9FE07" box="[830,882,438,460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Type</typeStatus>
not seen.)
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0D97FE12FDB3FE20" authority="Tsuda 1942: 268" authorityName="Tsuda" authorityPageNumber="268" authorityYear="1942" box="[151,520,469,491]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FE12FEEEFE20" box="[151,341,470,491]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Ecnomus omiensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFB0911FFA4F25D0C5CFE11FDB3FE20" author="Tsuda" box="[348,520,469,491]" page="268" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" year="1942">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0C5CFE11FE6DFE20" author="Tsuda" box="[348,470,469,491]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Tsuda, M. (1942) Japanische Trichopteren. I. Systematik. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 17, 239 - 339. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1942">Tsuda 1942</bibRefCitation>
: 268
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
269, fig. 27 [
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA4F25D0F99FE12FD75FE20" box="[665,718,470,491]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA4F25D0E31FE12FCD6FE20" box="[817,877,470,491]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshû, Shiga and Kyôto]. Synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D084EFE11FEB5FDC1" author="Schmid" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Schmid, F. (1958) Trichopteres de Ceylan. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 54, 1 - 173 + pls. 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1958">Schmid (1958)</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0D97FDD7FE95FD8C" blockId="3.[151,1436,438,583]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4A082EFFA4F25D0D97FDD7FE95FD8C" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0D97FDD7FDF6FDE3" ID-CoL="38NNL" authority="Kobayashi 1987: 16" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,589,530,552]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kososiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FDD7FED4FDE3" box="[151,367,530,552]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Ecnomus kososiensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AFB0911FFA4F25D0C79FDD6FDF6FDE3" author="Kobayashi" box="[377,589,530,552]" page="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0C79FDD6FD9EFDE3" author="Kobayashi" box="[377,549,530,552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Kobayashi, M. (1987) Caddisflies or Trichoptera from Shimane Prefecture in Japan (Insecta). Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum, 17, 13 - 35." type="journal article" year="1987">Kobayashi 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 16
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 48, male, female [
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA4F25D0E5DFDD7FC29FDE3" box="[861,914,531,552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA4F25D0EF8FDD7FB8FFDE3" box="[1016,1076,531,552]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Honshû, Shimane, Matsue].
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D086CFDD7FE93FD8D" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">New synonym</emphasis>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF257F88FFA4F25D0D97FABCFDA9FA66" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265302/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" targetBox="[151,1435,636,1379]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0D97FABCFDA9FA66" blockId="3.[151,1435,1400,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FABCFEACFA46" bold="true" box="[151,279,1400,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0C21FABEFD8FFA45" authority="Rambur" authorityName="Rambur" box="[289,564,1400,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0C21FABEFE63FA45" box="[289,472,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Ecnomus tenellus</emphasis>
Rambur
</taxonomicName>
(Hokkaidô, Shikotsu-ko). 2A2C, male genitalia: 2A, left lateral; 2B, dorsal; 2C, ventral; 2D, female genitalia, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3407C8BFFA4F25A0D97FA10FE70FE8B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0D97FA10FC80F9FD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1492,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97FA10FEB1FA26" bold="true" box="[151,266,1492,1517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. This species is easily distinguished from the other Japanese species by the upcurved inferior appendages each with a short ear-like dorsal projection at midlength in the male, and the posteromesal rectangular notch of the ventromesal plate of segment VII in the female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25D0DC7F984FBEDF90D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1492,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0DC7F984FEDCF992" author="Nielsen" box="[199,359,1600,1625]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Nielsen, A. (1957) A comparative study of the genital segments and their appendages in male Trichoptera. Biologiske Skrifter, 8, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1957">Nielsen (1957</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0C73F985FE17F992" author="Nielsen" box="[371,428,1601,1625]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Nielsen, A. (1980) A comparative study of the genital segments and the genital chamber in female Trichoptera. Biologiske Skrifter, 23, 1 - 200." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
) described external and internal morphology of the genital segments in detail for the male and female of this species, respectively. In addition, several authors described and illustrated the general morphology and genitalia of the two sexes (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0FC7F94CFCDAF96A" author="Schmid" box="[711,865,1672,1697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Schmid, F. (1958) Trichopteres de Ceylan. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 54, 1 - 173 + pls. 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1958">Schmid 1958</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0E6EF94CFB81F96A" author="Li" box="[878,1082,1672,1697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Li, Y. J. &amp; Morse, J. C. (1997) Species of the genus Ecnomus (Trichoptera: Ecnomidae) from the People's Republic of China. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 123, 85 - 134." type="journal article" year="1997">Li &amp; Morse 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA4F25D0947F94CFB59F96A" author="Arefina" box="[1095,1250,1672,1697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" refString="Arefina, T. I. (2003) Caddisflies of the family Ecnomidae MacLachlan (Insecta: Trichoptera) of the Russian Far East. Vladimir Ya. Levanidov's Biennial Memorial Meetings, 2, 178 - 183." type="journal article" year="2003">Arefina 2003</bibRefCitation>
). Illustrations of male (
<figureCitation id="13613385FFA4F25D0DDDF969FEA4F90E" box="[221,287,1709,1734]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1400,1422]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,636,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,636,1379]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ecnomus tenellus Rambur (Hokkaidô, Shikotsu-ko). 2 A 2 C, male genitalia: 2 A, left lateral; 2 B, dorsal; 2 C, ventral; 2 D, female genitalia, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265302/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
AC) and female (
<figureCitation id="13613385FFA4F25D0CEFF969FD8AF90E" box="[495,561,1709,1734]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1400,1422]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,636,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1435,636,1379]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ecnomus tenellus Rambur (Hokkaidô, Shikotsu-ko). 2 A 2 C, male genitalia: 2 A, left lateral; 2 B, dorsal; 2 C, ventral; 2 D, female genitalia, ventral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265302/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D) genitalia of Japanese specimens are provided.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA4F25A0DC7F914FE70FE8B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1492,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0DC7F914FE71F922" bold="true" box="[199,458,1744,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0CD4F915FD98F922" box="[468,547,1744,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA4F25D0F36F914FD21F922" box="[566,666,1744,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0FC6F915FC78F922" box="[710,963,1745,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kososhiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0FC6F915FC78F922" box="[710,963,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Ecnomus kososhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; CBM; specimen number of Kobayashi, 8294), Kososhi (
<quantity id="4CA282E5FFA4F25D0C61F931FE19F8C6" box="[353,418,1781,1805]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
), Matsue-shi, Shimane Pref.,
<date id="FFE409C0FFA4F25D0E04F931FCC6F8C5" box="[772,893,1781,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" value="1965-10-15">15.X.1965</date>
, H. Kadowaki;
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0937F931FB33F8C5" box="[1079,1160,1781,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0997F931FB40F8C5" box="[1175,1275,1781,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA4F25D080DF931FAC1F8C6" box="[1293,1402,1781,1805]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA4F25D0D97F8DDFE2DF8FA" box="[151,406,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kososhiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA4F25D0D97F8DDFE2DF8FA" box="[151,406,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="564">Ecnomus kososhiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; CBM; specimens no. of Kobayashi, 8286), same location,
<date id="FFE409C0FFA4F25D0967F8DCFB52F8FA" box="[1127,1257,1816,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" value="1965-09-24">24.IX.1965</date>
, H. Kadowaki. [Hokkaidô] Kushiro,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0C90F8F9FDB1F89D" box="[400,522,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">171 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0F1AF8F9FD10F89D" box="[538,683,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">225 females</specimenCount>
; Tokachi,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0E27F8F9FC29F89D" box="[807,914,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">44 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0EA2F8F9FB9FF89D" box="[930,1060,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">11 females</specimenCount>
; Sôya,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D097EF8F9FB43F89D" box="[1150,1272,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">183 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0808F8F9FA23F89D" box="[1288,1432,1853,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">140 females</specimenCount>
; Rumoi,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0DF4F8A5FED0F8B2" box="[244,363,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">104 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0C79F8A4FE41F8B2" box="[377,506,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">58 females</specimenCount>
; Kamikawa,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0F91F8A4FD40F8B2" box="[657,763,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">96 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0E09F8A5FC2DF8B2" box="[777,918,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">111 females</specimenCount>
; Ishikari,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0909F8A5FB3AF8B2" box="[1033,1153,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">178 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D098FF8A5FAA5F8B2" box="[1167,1310,1888,1913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">228 females</specimenCount>
; Iburi,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0872F8A5FF60F855" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">184 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0DECF841FEC6F855" box="[236,381,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">176 females</specimenCount>
; Hiyama,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0CF9F841FDF6F855" box="[505,589,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
; Oshima,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0FC9F841FCF8F855" box="[713,835,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">175 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0E53F841FC6CF855" box="[851,983,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">78 females</specimenCount>
. [Honshû] Ibaraki,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D09BFF841FAA6F855" box="[1215,1309,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D082EF841FA23F855" box="[1326,1432,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
; Gumma,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0DFFF86DFEF4F80A" box="[255,335,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
; Kanagawa,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0CDFF86CFD83F80A" box="[479,568,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0F43F86DFD0FF80A" box="[579,692,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
; Niigata,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0E1FF86DFCC2F80A" box="[799,889,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
; Fukui,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0ED4F86DFB95F80A" box="[980,1070,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0939F86DFB12F80A" box="[1081,1193,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
; Yamanashi,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D083EF86DFA23F80A" box="[1342,1432,1960,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
; Nagano,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0DFBF809FED9F82D" box="[251,354,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">16 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0C6DF809FE51F82D" box="[365,490,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">47 females</specimenCount>
; Shizuoka,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0F6AF809FD7FF82D" box="[618,708,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
; Mie,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0E09F809FCD9F82D" box="[777,866,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0E6CF809FC67F82D" box="[876,988,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
; Shiga,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0933F809FB37F82D" box="[1075,1164,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">9 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25D0997F809FABCF82D" box="[1175,1287,1997,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
; Shimane,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA4F25A0880F809FF60FF7B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="565" pageId="3" pageNumber="564" type="male">17 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0DE6FF5CFEDFFF7B" box="[230,356,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">12 females</specimenCount>
. [Shikoku] Ehime,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0F3BFF5CFD10FF7B" box="[571,683,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A0FB6FF53FD46FF7B" box="[694,765,151,176]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Kochi</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0E08FF53FCDAFF7B" box="[776,865,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0E6CFF53FC60FF7B" box="[876,987,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
. [Kyûshû] Fukuoka,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A09C5FF53FAA5FF7B" box="[1221,1310,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0829FF5CFA22FF7B" box="[1321,1433,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
. [Small islands around 4 mainlands] Rishiri-tô,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0FA6FF78FCB5FF1E" box="[678,782,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">26 males</specimenCount>
; Iki-no-shima,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0EB8FF78FB92FF1E" box="[952,1065,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
. [Ryûkyû Islands] Okinawa-tô,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A088EFF79FF60FF33" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0DE7FF24FEE2FF33" box="[231,345,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
; Kume-jima,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0CF4FF1BFDF5FF33" box="[500,590,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0F5BFF24FD77FF33" box="[603,716,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
; Ishigaki-jima,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0E7DFF24FC5EFF33" box="[893,997,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">13 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0EF2FF1BFBCBFF33" box="[1010,1136,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">86 females</specimenCount>
, Iriomote-jima,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0827FF24FA3AFF33" box="[1319,1409,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A088EFF24FF49FED6" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
; Yonaguni-jima,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0CBCFEC0FDA1FED6" box="[444,538,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0F2AFEC0FD2EFED6" box="[554,661,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
. [Europe]
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A0E13FEC0FC15FED6" box="[787,942,260,285]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0EBEFEC0FBA5FED6" box="[958,1054,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A092EFEC0FB2CFED7" box="[1070,1175,260,284]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A09A7FEC0FAA9FED6" box="[1191,1298,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">11 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0823FEC0FA23FED6" box="[1315,1432,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A0D97FEE3FF53FE8B" box="[151,232,295,320]" name="Poland" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0DF3FEECFEF7FE8B" box="[243,332,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5CE489FFA3F25A0C57FEECFE7CFE8B" box="[343,455,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3407C8BFFA3F25A0DC7FE88FDA7FDD3" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA3F25A0DC7FE88FD83FE66" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0DC7FE88FEDBFEAE" bold="true" box="[199,352,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widely distributed in the East and West Palaearctic, Oriental and Afrotropical regions. In
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A0855FE89FA22FEAF" box="[1365,1433,333,356]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Japan</collectingCountry>
: Hokkaidô, Honshû, Shikoku, Kyûshû, Rishiri-tô, Iki-no-shima, Ryûkyû Islands (Okinawa-tô, Kume-jima, Ishigakijima, Iriomote-jima, Yonaguni-jima).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA3F25A0DC7FE73FDA7FDD3" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0DC7FE73FE91FE1B" bold="true" box="[199,298,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Habitat.</emphasis>
Most specimens shown above were collected along shorelines of lakes and ponds, suggesting that the larvae prefer lentic waters. In
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A0CE5FE18FD8DFE3E" box="[485,566,476,501]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Britain</collectingCountry>
, however, larvae of this species also inhabit slow-flowing rivers in addition to lakes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA3F25A0DDFFE3BFDB4FDD3" author="Edington" box="[223,527,511,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" refString="Edington, J. M. &amp; Hildrew, A. G. (1995) A Revised Key to the Caseless Caddis Larvae of the British Isles, with Notes on Their Ecology. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside, Cumbria, United Kingdom, Scientific Publication, No. 53, 1 - 134." type="book chapter" year="1995">Edington &amp; Hildrew, 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3407C8BFFA3F25A0DC7FDE0FE1BFD07" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE52F00FFA3F25A0DC7FDE0FE1BFD07" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0DC7FDE0FE8FFDF6" bold="true" box="[199,308,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCB52F1FFA3F25A0C4AFDE0FDA7FDF7" author="Kobayashi" box="[330,540,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" refString="Kobayashi, M. (1987) Caddisflies or Trichoptera from Shimane Prefecture in Japan (Insecta). Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum, 17, 13 - 35." type="journal article" year="1987">Kobayashi (1987)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA3F25A0FA6FDE1FCF7FDF7" box="[678,844,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kososiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0FA6FDE1FCF7FDF7" box="[678,844,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. kososiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Honshû,
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A090FFDE1FBE9FDF7" box="[1039,1106,549,572]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Japan</collectingCountry>
. Judging from the original description, this species seems to be similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA3F25A0FB4FD8DFC90FDAB" box="[692,811,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0FB4FD8DFC90FDAB" box="[692,811,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. tenellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but he did not mentioned the diagnostic characters to discriminate them. My examination of the
<typeStatus id="54E191A2FFA3F25A0F9CFDA9FD77FD4E" box="[668,716,621,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">type</typeStatus>
specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA3F25A0E75FDA9FBA2FD4F" box="[885,1049,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kososiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0E75FDA9FBA2FD4F" box="[885,1049,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. kososiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reveals that it agrees well with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA3F25A0C34FD55FE10FD63" box="[308,427,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0C34FD55FE10FD63" box="[308,427,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. tenellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in
<collectingCountry id="F34D6F90FFA3F25A0F41FD54FD3AFD6C" box="[577,641,656,679]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">Japan</collectingCountry>
and Europe, and hence
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA3F25A0E95FD55FB8FFD63" box="[917,1076,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kososiensis">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0E95FD55FB8FFD63" box="[917,1076,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. kososiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed as a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C5A5483FFA3F25A0C23FD71FE22FD07" box="[291,409,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Ecnomidae" genus="Ecnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="565" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenellus">
<emphasis id="B92EF312FFA3F25A0C23FD71FE22FD07" box="[291,409,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="565">E. tenellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>