229 lines
23 KiB
XML
229 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0B9ADCB092C41486BCB4540BEE9DE2F8">Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03CA1A3CFF86FFA638E218478B2E6508" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8097311" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210651459" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8097311" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA1A3CFF86FFA638E218478B2E6508" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1A3CFF86FFA638E218478B2E6508" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF86FFA738E218478A356203" box="[151,517,1584,1611]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF86FFA738E218478A356203" blockId="44.[151,1437,1584,2043]" box="[151,517,1584,1611]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<heading id="D0941C46FF86FFA738E218478A356203" box="[151,517,1584,1611]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA738E218478A356203" ID-CoL="TM48" ID-ENA="304456" authority="(Bloch, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[151,517,1584,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctata">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA738E218478A356203" bold="true" box="[151,517,1584,1611]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA738E2184789516202" bold="true" box="[151,353,1584,1611]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Channa punctata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA7391A184789CC6203" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[367,508,1584,1610]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="325 - 360" refId="ref51998" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1793) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 7. Auf Kosten des Verfassers und in Commission bei dem Buchhandler Hr. Hesse, Berlin, xiv + 144 pp., pls. 325 - 360." type="book chapter" year="1793">Bloch, 1793</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF86FFA73A7918478B106203" box="[524,800,1584,1610]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF86FFA73A7918478B106203" blockId="44.[151,1437,1584,2043]" box="[524,800,1584,1610]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<heading id="D0941C46FF86FFA73A7918478B106203" box="[524,800,1584,1610]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="5">[N]—Spotted snakehead</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF86FFA738E218228BB262B6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF86FFA738E218228BB262B6" blockId="44.[151,1437,1584,2043]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA738E21822892A6226" bold="true" box="[151,282,1621,1647]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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Original description:
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73A7918238BD06226" ID-CoL="6SP64" authority="Bloch, 1793: 139" authorityName="Bloch" authorityPageNumber="139" authorityYear="1793" box="[524,992,1620,1647]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73A7918238B2A6227" box="[524,794,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ophicephalus punctatus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73B6A18238BD06226" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[799,992,1620,1647]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="325 - 360" refId="ref51998" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1793) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 7. Auf Kosten des Verfassers und in Commission bei dem Buchhandler Hr. Hesse, Berlin, xiv + 144 pp., pls. 325 - 360." type="book chapter" year="1793">Bloch, 1793: 139</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 358 [no locality (not Malabar Coast,
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA738B2180F893562DB" box="[199,261,1656,1682]" name="India" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">India</collectingCountry>
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);
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<typeStatus id="54D81588FF86FFA7396D180E894E62DA" box="[280,382,1657,1683]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
: ZMB 1394 (2)].—
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73A38180F8AEE62DB" box="[589,734,1656,1682]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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synonyms:
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73B16180F8CF662DA" authority="(Bloch, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[867,1222,1656,1683]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctate">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73B16180F8C1262DB" box="[867,1058,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Channa punctate</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73C45180F8C8E62DA" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[1072,1214,1656,1683]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="325 - 360" refId="ref51998" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1793) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 7. Auf Kosten des Verfassers und in Commission bei dem Buchhandler Hr. Hesse, Berlin, xiv + 144 pp., pls. 325 - 360." type="book chapter" year="1793">Bloch, 1793</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73CA4180F895762FE" ID-CoL="6SP64" authority="(Bloch, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Bloch" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73CA4180F8DAC62DB" box="[1233,1436,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Channa punctatus</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA738BA18EB896F62FE" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[207,351,1692,1719]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="325 - 360" refId="ref51998" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1793) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 7. Auf Kosten des Verfassers und in Commission bei dem Buchhandler Hr. Hesse, Berlin, xiv + 144 pp., pls. 325 - 360." type="book chapter" year="1793">Bloch, 1793</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA7390118EB8B2A62FF" ID-CoL="49W9H" authority="Gunther, 1861" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1861" box="[372,794,1692,1718]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophiocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA7390118EB8A5C62FF" box="[372,620,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ophiocephalus affinis</emphasis>
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Günther, 1861
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73B5218EB8CC362FE" ID-CoL="49VDW" authority="McClelland, 1842" authorityName="McClelland" authorityYear="1842" box="[807,1267,1692,1719]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73B5218EB8C2C62FF" box="[807,1052,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ophicephalus indicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73C5018EB8CC362FE" author="McClelland, J." box="[1061,1267,1692,1719]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="560 - 589" refId="ref59378" refString="McClelland, J. (1842) On the fresh-water fishes collected by William Griffith, Esq., F. L. S. Madras Medical Service, during his travels under the orders of the Supreme Government of India, from 1835 to 1842. Calcutta Journal of Natural History, 2 (8), 560 - 589, pls. 6 + 15 + 18 + 21." type="journal article" year="1842">McClelland, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73D7418EB89C56292" ID-CoL="49VDX" authority="Lacepede, 1801" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1801" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karruwey">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73D7418EB89016293" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ophicephalus karruwey</emphasis>
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Lacepède, 1801
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73A7018B78B956293" ID-CoL="6SP7H" authority="Hamilton, 1822" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1822" box="[517,933,1728,1754]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophiocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lata">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73A7018B78AD56293" box="[517,741,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ophiocephalus lata</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73A8518B78B956293" author="Hamilton, F." box="[752,933,1728,1754]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref57103" refString="Hamilton, F. (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Printed for A. Constable and company, Edinburgh and London, vii + 405 pp., pls. 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59540" type="book chapter" year="1822">Hamilton, 1822</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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.—Revisions:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73C3C18B78D496292" author="Dhanze, J. R. & Sen, N." box="[1097,1401,1728,1755]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="47 - 56" refId="ref54754" refString="Dhanze, J. R. & Sen, N. (1993) A morphometric study of Channa punctata (Bloch) (Pisces: Channidae). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 90 (1 - 4), 47 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 90 / i 1 - 4 / 1992 / 160968" type="journal article" year="1993">Dhanze & Sen (1993: 47)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.— Illustration:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73924189389E762B6" author="Bloch, M. E." box="[337,471,1764,1791]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="325 - 360" refId="ref51998" refString="Bloch, M. E. (1793) Naturgeschichte der auslandischen Fische. Vol. 7. Auf Kosten des Verfassers und in Commission bei dem Buchhandler Hr. Hesse, Berlin, xiv + 144 pp., pls. 325 - 360." type="book chapter" year="1793">Bloch 1793</bibRefCitation>
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||
: pl. 358) as
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF86FFA73A2B18938B4B62B7" ID-CoL="49WB6" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1793" box="[606,891,1764,1790]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophiocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA73A2B18938B4B62B7" box="[606,891,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ophiocephalus punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF86FFA738E2197F8B1D630E" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF86FFA738E2197F8B1D630E" blockId="44.[151,1437,1584,2043]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA738E2197F8991636B" bold="true" box="[151,417,1800,1826]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Status in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA7397D197F89AC636B" box="[264,412,1800,1826]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
First record from Afghanistan by Day (1875–1978: 1880); confirmed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA73C91197F8DA7636A" author="Coad, B. W." box="[1252,1431,1800,1827]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref52993" refString="Coad, B. W. (1981) Fishes of Afghanistan, an annoted checklist. National Museum of Canada Publications in Zoology, 14, i - v + 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1981">Coad (1981: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF86FFA738B2195A890B630E" author="Coad, B. W." box="[199,315,1837,1863]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref53196" refString="Coad, B. W. (2014) Fishes of Afghanistan. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow. 393 pp." type="book" year="2014">2014: 314</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; 2015: 229).—Afghanistan materials: None.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF86FFA738E219278B3363B3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF86FFA738E219278B3363B3" blockId="44.[151,1437,1584,2043]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF86FFA738E2192789F26323" bold="true" box="[151,450,1872,1899]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73A0619278B306323" box="[627,768,1872,1898]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A765C8FF86FFA73B7E19278B7F6323" box="[779,847,1872,1898]" country="Afghanistan" name="Kabul" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Kabul</collectingRegion>
|
||
River.—General distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA7397D1902894463C7" box="[264,372,1908,1935]" name="China" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA7390919038A3863C7" box="[380,520,1908,1934]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73A6719038A4463C7" box="[530,628,1908,1934]" name="Pakistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73A0B19038A8A63C7" box="[638,698,1908,1934]" name="India" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73AB119038B0463C7" box="[708,820,1908,1934]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73B4B19038BF463C7" box="[830,964,1908,1934]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73BBB19028C0D63C6" box="[974,1085,1909,1935]" name="Myanmar" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73C3319038C9C63C7" box="[1094,1196,1908,1934]" name="Thailand" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73CC319038D2D63C7" box="[1206,1309,1908,1934]" name="Malaysia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF86FFA73D2719038DA863C7" box="[1362,1432,1908,1934]" name="China" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
; introduced elsewhere.—Habitat: This species inhabits freshwater streams, rivers, ponds, and tanks, generally in the plains, and is also found in rice fields and irrigation channels. Adults prefer stagnant waters in muddy streams and breed throughout the year. Freshwater.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA638E21EE18AEF649C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA638E21EE18AF764F8" blockId="45.[151,1436,150,321]" box="[151,711,150,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E21EE1899464F9" bold="true" box="[151,420,150,176]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Economic importance.</emphasis>
|
||
Commercially important.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA638E21ECC8AEF649C" blockId="45.[151,1436,150,321]" box="[151,735,186,213]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E21ECC898B649D" bold="true" box="[151,443,186,213]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
|
||
Ornamental fish industry.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA638E21EA98B2E6508" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA638E21EA98B2E6508" blockId="45.[151,1436,150,321]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E21EA9890F64B1" bold="true" box="[151,319,222,248]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Conservation status in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63A361EA88AE064B0" box="[579,720,223,249]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA63B841EA88CD064B0" author="Chaudhry, S. & de Alwis Goonatilake, S. & Fernado, M. & Kotagama, O." box="[1009,1248,223,249]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="60584432" refId="ref52780" refString="Chaudhry, S., de Alwis Goonatilake, S., Fernado, M. & Kotagama, O. (2019) Channa punctata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019, e. T 166437 A 60584432. https: // doi. org / 10.2305 / IUCN. UK. 2019 - 3. RLTS. T 166437 A 60584432. en" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Chaudhry
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA63C1D1EA88C9064B0" box="[1128,1184,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).—Threats: FIT, CON, HAB, EUT.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered as a keystone species.—Decline status: Stable.—Low priority for conservation action.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |