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<document id="0B7882F6EF706B0087A7F4B2A46E2325" ID-CLB-Dataset="56221" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c640363c-14f9-4912-8a38-2948ab4946f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8048564" ID-ZooBank="55EB7903-BB1A-45F9-9660-16DAF957C67A" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1686948007966" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W &amp; Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid" docDate="2023" docId="03CA1A3CFF80FFA138E21A6D8BBC62F4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5303.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5305 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Salmo trutta Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFF36244FFAAFF8B38751E7788306449" masterDocTitle="Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1699525464277" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8966B16739403CD82FD11C6C07A433C1">Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E21A6D89D3607D" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" box="[151,483,1050,1077]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF80FFA138E21A6D89D3607D" ID-CoL="79CZL" ID-ENA="8032" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,483,1050,1077]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Salmo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trutta">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21A6D89D3607D" bold="true" box="[151,483,1050,1077]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21A6D8917607C" bold="true" box="[151,295,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Salmo trutta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA1395B1A6D89D3607D" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[302,483,1050,1076]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref58988" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Vol. 1. Ed. X. [Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata]. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, ii + 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA1399F1A6C8A9A607C" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" box="[490,682,1051,1077]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="D0941C46FF80FFA1399F1A6C8A9A607C" box="[490,682,1051,1077]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="5">[I]—Brown trout</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E21A488B3960E8" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21A48892A6010" bold="true" box="[151,282,1087,1113]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
Original description:
<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF80FFA13A5F1A488BF36010" ID-CoL="79CZL" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 308" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="308" authorityYear="1758" box="[554,963,1086,1113]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Salmo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trutta">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA13A5F1A488A8D6011" box="[554,701,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Salmo trutta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA13AB81A488BF36010" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[717,963,1086,1113]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref58988" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Vol. 1. Ed. X. [Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata]. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, ii + 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758: 308</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(European rivers; no
<typeStatus id="54D81588FF80FFA13CAC1A488D246010" box="[1241,1300,1087,1113]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">types</typeStatus>
known).—
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF80FFA138B21A1489606034" box="[199,336,1123,1149]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
synonyms: None.—Revisions:
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA13AC01A148B496034" author="Berg, L. S." box="[693,889,1122,1149]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref51666" refString="Berg, L. S. (1948) s. n. In: Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 1. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries No. 27. Russian Academy of Sciences, USSR, Moskva, 466 pp. [in Russian. English translation available, Israel Prog. Sci. Transl., Jerusalem, 1962, 504 pp.]" type="book" year="1948">Berg (1948: 235)</bibRefCitation>
; Scĥffmann (2021: 35);
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA13CEF1A1488DA60E8" author="Segherloo, I. H. &amp; Freyhof, J. &amp; Berrebi, P. &amp; Ferchaud, A. - L. &amp; Geiger, M. &amp; Laroche, J. &amp; Levin, B. A. &amp; Normandeau, E. &amp; Bernatchez, L." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref63343" refString="Segherloo, I. H., Freyhof, J., Berrebi, P., Ferchaud, A. - L., Geiger, M., Laroche, J., Levin, B. A., Normandeau, E. &amp; Bernatchez, L. (2021) A genomic perspective on an old question: Salmo trouts or Salmo trutta (Teleostei: Salmonidae)? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 162 (107204), 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107204" type="journal article" year="2021">
Segherloo
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA13D661A148D7C6034" box="[1299,1356,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al.</emphasis>
(2021: 10)
</bibRefCitation>
.—Illustration:
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA139EC1AF08A6360E8" author="Berg, L. S." box="[409,595,1159,1185]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref51666" refString="Berg, L. S. (1948) s. n. In: Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 1. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries No. 27. Russian Academy of Sciences, USSR, Moskva, 466 pp. [in Russian. English translation available, Israel Prog. Sci. Transl., Jerusalem, 1962, 504 pp.]" type="book" year="1948">Berg (1948: 238</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 143144).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E21ADD8ABE60A0" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21ADD8990608D" bold="true" box="[151,416,1194,1220]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Status in
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF80FFA139731ADD89AA608D" box="[262,410,1194,1220]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
First record from Afghanistan by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA13B6A1ADC8BFB608C" author="Coad, B. W." box="[799,971,1195,1221]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref52993" refString="Coad, B. W. (1981) Fishes of Afghanistan, an annoted checklist. National Museum of Canada Publications in Zoology, 14, i - v + 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1981">Coad (1981: 8)</bibRefCitation>
; confirmed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF80FFA13C001ADC8D02608C" author="Coad, B. W." box="[1141,1330,1195,1221]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref53196" refString="Coad, B. W. (2014) Fishes of Afghanistan. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow. 393 pp." type="book" year="2014">Coad (2014: 318</bibRefCitation>
as exotic species).—Afghanistan materials: None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF80FFA138E21A858D776188" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E21A858D776188" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21A8589F36145" bold="true" box="[151,451,1266,1293]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF80FFA13A001A848B326144" box="[629,770,1267,1293]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
: Amu Darya drainage.—General distribution: Northeastern Atlantic:
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF80FFA139441B6089BB6178" box="[305,395,1303,1329]" name="Norway" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Norway</collectingCountry>
south to Iberian Peninsula; Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Europe: northeastern Atlantic watersheds and upper Danube basin, south to Sicily; introduced widely elsewhere.—Habitat: This species lives in cold streams, rivers, and lakes. Spawns in rivers and streams with swift water. Lacustrine populations migrate to tributaries and lake outlets, rarely spawning on stone or wave-washed lake shores. Spawning sites are usually characterized by the downward movement of water into gravel. Freshwater.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF80FFA138E21BBD8A876240" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E21BBD8AF761AC" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" box="[151,711,1482,1509]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21BBD899461AD" bold="true" box="[151,420,1482,1508]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Economic importance.</emphasis>
Commercially important.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E21B988A876240" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" box="[151,695,1518,1545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21B98898B6241" bold="true" box="[151,443,1518,1545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
Aquaculture/research.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF80FFA138E218658AF16264" box="[151,705,1554,1581]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E218658AF16264" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" box="[151,705,1554,1581]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E21865890F6265" bold="true" box="[151,319,1554,1580]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Conservation.</emphasis>
Not relevant (introduced species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF80FFA138E218408BBC62F4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF80FFA138E218408BBC62F4" blockId="42.[151,1437,1050,1725]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA138E2184089346218" bold="true" box="[151,260,1591,1617]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF80FFA13960184089926219" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[277,418,1591,1617]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Salmonidae" genus="Salmo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trutta">
<emphasis id="B9177738FF80FFA13960184089926219" box="[277,418,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Salmo trutta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described originally from European rivers. This name was applied from the British Isles to
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF80FFA1396B182C8997623C" box="[286,423,1627,1653]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
but many subspecies have been recognised as distinct species. Additionally, it introduced many countries all over the world.Afghanstan is not include natural distribution range of the species. Therefore, current status of the species should be clarifying in the country.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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