381 lines
45 KiB
XML
381 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="906B82AB487EFB04D7861FBAAA621B25" ID-CLB-Dataset="7680" ID-DOI="10.1206/358.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64639217-c52a-453d-a6b3-382db4402257" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4610748" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615989200907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hunt, Robert M." docDate="2011" docId="885487D55715AC35FD59B78830620250" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011.358.1-153.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (358)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/358.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6.9:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleId="915933466F796C9C739DF4DB6B8DCFA6" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.1cover.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Delotrochanter major Hunt 2011, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="746DFFAD5740AC6DFFA7B24433290312" masterDocTitle="Evolution Of Large Carnivores During The Mid-Cenozoic Of North America: The Temnocyonine Radiation (Mammalia, Amphicyonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1698933491662" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5D9471557EE036D0D653635E181E5017">Evolution Of Large Carnivores During The Mid-Cenozoic Of North America: The Temnocyonine Radiation (Mammalia, Amphicyonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6ADE55B59B75007819D8EAAB7D135DAF">Hunt, Robert M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="08A8CE5894AFC82A5A656F44DDECE2FF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="289F865F2765322A27BDBA7233A5D4A9">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="093A58A78B9973CCBA48C922AA77C8C1">
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<mods:date id="7F604E5D490413972F1EB6845F63D180">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A682F7C9984A24CF4AE78E3D14FFAC81">2011-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3750DF1FFECA5459514F6D1D9F761270" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6EE665D9D3C55510F69D86923C9C3E0F">2011</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="984FE52C5A5E4EF29236279BE5A00301">358</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="31BD3019D6D29AD17997115144F0F761">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/358.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="56A317212D079F19DB79798BF5F69F0E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="357C703647DC95669A2E9DA7FDF7A3EB" type="CLB-Dataset">7680</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="071509999C1C93FF48503B302D259160" type="DOI">10.1206/358.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="885487D55715AC35FD59B78830620250" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618437" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180588602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4618437" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:885487D55715AC35FD59B78830620250" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/885487D55715AC35FD59B78830620250" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">
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<subSubSection id="48E765485715AC38FD59B78837050513" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="004236C35715AC38FD59B78837050513" blockId="85.[766,1163,1484,1538]" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">
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<heading id="5B0A81AF5715AC38FD59B78837050513" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405715AC38FD59B78830DD06F0" authority="Hunt, 2011" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[766,1012,1484,1507]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15715AC38FD59B78830DD06F0" bold="true" box="[766,1012,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">Delotrochanter major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="29BA57AA5715AC38FBA3B78A37A206F1" box="[1028,1163,1485,1507]" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="98C62A465715AC38FCFBB7A830F20513" box="[860,987,1515,1538]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="80.[116,155,1108,1127]" captionTargetBox="[206,1080,211,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-261@80.[206,1082,210,1078]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="Fig. 36. Occusal stereopairs of the holotype mandibles of (A, C) Delotrochanter oryktes (ACM 4804) and (B, D) Delotrochanter major (F:AM 27561). D. oryktes, right p4–m2, alveoli of p1–3; D. major, left p2– m2. Note absence of m1 metaconids and relative anterior and posterior alveolar diameters of p2 in D. oryktes. The p4–m2 are crushing teeth in both species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4610840/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">Figures 36</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="98C62A465715AC38FC4FB7A837050513" box="[1000,1068,1516,1537]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="85.[150,188,932,951]" captionStartId-1="86.[116,155,942,961]" captionStartId-2="87.[150,188,716,735]" captionTargetBox-0="[274,1082,225,901]" captionTargetBox-1="[312,971,211,911]" captionTargetBox-2="[229,1128,211,685]" captionTargetId-0="figure-311@85.[274,1083,210,902]" captionTargetId-1="figure-338@86.[312,972,211,912]" captionTargetId-2="figure-493@87.[227,1129,211,686]" captionTargetPageId-0="85" captionTargetPageId-1="86" captionTargetPageId-2="87" captionText-0="Fig. 40. Holotype dentition of Delotrochanter major (F:AM 27561), left p2–m2 (p2, p3, and m2 damaged), Anderson Ranch Formation, near Van Tassell, Niobrara Co., Wyoming. A, labial and B, lingual views." captionText-1="Fig. 41. Holotype dentition of Delotrochanter major (F:AM 27561), right p3–m1, Anderson Ranch Formation, near Van Tassell, Niobrara Co., Wyoming. A, labial and B, lingual views. Note large p4 relative to the carnassial in this terminal species of Delotrochanter." captionText-2="Fig. 42. Holotype maxillary teeth of Delotrochanter major (F:AM 27561). A, lingual view of right P2–4. B, stereopair of right P3–4; enamel was etched by plant roots." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610856" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610861" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610863" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4610856/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4610861/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4610863/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">40–42</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E765485715AC3BFD7DB45C33FE0747" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="004236C35715AC3BFD7DB45C33FE0747" blockId="85.[701,1228,1560,1759]" lastBlockId="86.[93,620,1057,1759]" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">
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<materialsCitation id="B0953C9E5715AC38FD7DB45C303F055F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053985319" collectionCode="F" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" specimenCode="AM 27561" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="DF4688615715AC38FD7DB45C3031053C" box="[730,792,1560,1584]" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">TYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="66ECAE065715AC38FC8AB45E3016053D" box="[813,831,1562,1583]" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">F</collectionCode>
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:
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<specimenCode id="505B9EB85715AC38FCE4B45E30E50522" box="[835,972,1562,1584]" collectionCode="F" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">AM 27561</specimenCode>
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, right and left lower canines
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</materialsCitation>
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; partial p2–3, complete p4–m1, m2 trigonid, all of the left side; right p3–m1;
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<materialsCitation id="B0953C9E5715AC3BFB08B41133FA0747" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053985317" collectorName="Paul Miller" county="Niobrara County" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="86" location="Niobrara County" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Wyoming" typeStatus="holotype">
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an upper canine, right P2–4, maxilla fragment with right I1–3, left I1–2, and right P
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<quantity id="C7059B265715AC38FB3BB4CB37E505B7" box="[1180,1228,1679,1701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="85" pageNumber="85" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
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matrix, from the
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<collectorName id="AD0853155715AC38FC3FB4E831C705CD" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">Anderson Ranch Formation</collectorName>
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, collected by
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<collectorName id="AD0853155715AC38FC3EB48D370B05CD" box="[921,1058,1737,1759]" pageId="85" pageNumber="85">Paul Miller</collectorName>
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||
in 1927 from the vicinity of
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<collectorName id="AD0853155716AC3BFEA3B66632A70725" box="[260,398,1057,1079]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Van Tassell</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectingCounty id="E9234E4F5716AC3BFE3EB665314E0725" box="[409,615,1057,1079]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Niobrara County</collectingCounty>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="C239F8215716AC3BFFFAB67B33FA0747" box="[93,211,1087,1109]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="5482664B5716AC3BFFD3B1EA303300E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4610861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4610861/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" startId="86.[116,155,942,961]" targetBox="[312,971,211,911]" targetPageId="86">
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||
<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFFD3B1EA303300E5" blockId="86.[93,1193,942,1015]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
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Fig. 41. Holotype dentition of
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFE76B1EA318600D3" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[465,687,942,962]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFE76B1EA318600D3" box="[465,687,942,962]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Delotrochanter major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(F:AM 27561), right p3–m1, Anderson Ranch Formation, near Van Tassell, Niobrara Co., Wyoming.
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFD19B18D31FF00CE" bold="true" box="[702,726,969,988]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">A,</emphasis>
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labial and
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFCF1B18D304400CE" bold="true" box="[854,877,969,988]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">B,</emphasis>
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lingual views. Note large p4 relative to the carnassial in this terminal species of
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFDDDB1A7303A00E5" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[634,787,995,1015]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFDDDB1A7303A00E5" box="[634,787,995,1015]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="48E765485716AC3BFFDDB61F329D07BC" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFFDDB61F329D07BC" blockId="86.[93,620,1057,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
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DISTRIBUTION: Latest Arikareean, Anderson Ranch Formation, near Van Tassell, Niobrara County,
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<collectingRegion id="C239F8215716AC3BFE9DB6DC329907BC" box="[314,432,1176,1198]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E765485716AC3BFFDDB6F032C20614" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFFDDB6F032C20614" blockId="86.[93,620,1057,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
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ETYMOLOGY: From the Latin,
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFD86B6F3314A07DE" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[545,611,1207,1228]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFD86B6F3314A07DE" box="[545,611,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, ‘‘greater,’’ in reference to the large size of the terminal species of this genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E765485716AC3BFFDDB74932C805B1" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFFDDB749325C0596" blockId="86.[93,620,1057,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
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DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFDA6B75433A30650" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFDA6B75433A30650" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. petersoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by larger size (m1 length:
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFE71B769314D0650" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[470,612,1325,1346]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFE71B769314D0650" box="[470,612,1325,1346]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. petersoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFFFAB70E33E1064D" box="[93,200,1354,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="22.3">22.3 mm</quantity>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFF70B70E3216064D" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[215,319,1354,1375]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFF70B70E3216064D" box="[215,319,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 28.0 mm). All
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFDA5B70E3142064D" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[514,619,1354,1375]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
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||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFDA5B70E3142064D" box="[514,619,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. major</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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teeth are larger and more robust than the equivalent teeth of its predecessor
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFE55B7C131420689" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[498,619,1412,1435]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFE55B7C131420689" box="[498,619,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. oryktes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(tables 2, 3). Differs from
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFE37B7E6313A06A5" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" box="[400,531,1442,1463]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Temnocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFE37B7E6313A06A5" box="[400,531,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Temnocyon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by loss of the m1 metaconid and by short, posteriorly wide p2–3 and P2–3; from
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<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFE71B799314206E0" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[470,619,1501,1522]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFE71B799314206E0" box="[470,619,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Mammacyon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a posterior accessory cusp on p3, a large centrally placed posterior accessory cusp on p4, and by a smaller P4 with lingually abbreviated protocone region; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFDB9B41533BB0597" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Rudiocyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFDB9B41533BB0597" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Rudiocyon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the form of p4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFFDDB4CF32C805B1" blockId="86.[93,620,1057,1759]" box="[122,481,1675,1699]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">REFERRED SPECIMENS: None.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E765485716AC35FFDDB4EE32FF0102" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFFDDB4EE306407BF" blockId="86.[93,620,1057,1759]" lastBlockId="86.[667,1193,1058,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
|
||
DESCRIPTION: Neither mandible of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFDE8B4E833B605CD" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFDE8B4E833B605CD" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F:AM 27561) survived. The dentition is embedded in series in sediment without mandibular bone supporting the teeth. Thus only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFD72B61930650761" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[725,844,1116,1139]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFD72B61930650761" box="[725,844,1116,1139]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ACM 4804) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFB87B61937800760" baseAuthorityName="CM" baseAuthorityYear="1603" box="[1056,1193,1117,1138]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFB87B61937800760" box="[1056,1193,1117,1138]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">D. petersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
demonstrate the form of the mandible in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405716AC3BFD3CB6D3306F07BC" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[667,838,1175,1198]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15716AC3BFD3CB6D3306F07BC" box="[667,838,1175,1198]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFD1FB6F337AC06C7" blockId="86.[667,1193,1058,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
|
||
In F:AM 27561, the left lower canine measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFCABB690305B07FB" box="[780,882,1236,1258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="36.6">36.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height from the slightly worn apex to the labial enamel-dentine junction (estimated unworn height,,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFBE7B74B37B50636" box="[1088,1180,1295,1316]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
||
); length and width at the base of the enamel are respectively
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFCFEB70E30E9064D" box="[857,960,1354,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="18.4">18.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFBA5B70E3744064D" box="[1026,1133,1354,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="12.8">12.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The posterolabial surface is grooved by the upper canine; a second wear facet made by I3 occurs at the base of the anterolingual face. In other respects the tooth is similar to ACM 4804.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFD1FB79A371C0559" blockId="86.[667,1193,1058,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">The p1 is not preserved, and only the main cusp of the left p2 remains; this indicates a tall principal cusp—there are no evident differences from p2 of ACM 4804.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35716AC3BFD1FB41037A505CD" blockId="86.[667,1193,1058,1759]" pageId="86" pageNumber="86">
|
||
The p3 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFC0EB4103732057B" box="[937,1051,1620,1641]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.77" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="17.7">17.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265716AC3BFD3CB43530210595" box="[667,776,1649,1671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="86" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="10.2">10.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in greatest width, and is nearly identical to ACM 4804 except in its larger size and greater posterior width. A centrally placed posterior accessory cusp is present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5482664B5717AC3AFF31B088303901E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4610863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4610863/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" startId="87.[150,188,716,735]" targetBox="[229,1128,211,685]" targetPageId="87">
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF31B08837E501CD" blockId="87.[128,1228,715,762]" box="[150,1228,715,735]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Fig. 42. Holotype maxillary teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405717AC3AFD87B08F31D001CC" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[544,761,715,735]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFD87B08F31D001CC" box="[544,761,715,735]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">Delotrochanter major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F:AM 27561).
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFC07B088309101CD" bold="true" box="[928,952,716,735]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">A,</emphasis>
|
||
lingual view of right P2–4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF27B0A3303901E8" blockId="87.[128,1228,715,762]" box="[128,784,742,762]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFF27B0A333BF01E8" bold="true" box="[128,150,743,762]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">B,</emphasis>
|
||
stereopair of right P3–4; enamel was etched by plant roots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF3AB15C32E300E9" blockId="87.[128,654,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
The p4 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFEC6B15C32EA003F" box="[353,451,792,814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="21.6">21.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFD9EB15C31A7003F" box="[569,654,792,813]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="9.2">9.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in anterior width,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFEE8B171329B0059" box="[335,434,821,843]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="12.3">12.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in posterior width; its posterior accessory cusp is very large, centrally placed, and surrounded by a welldefined cingulum, which becomes less conspicuous anteriorly on both lingual and labial sides. The heel of p4 is much wider than in ACM 4804 as is true for p3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF3AB6403200064C" blockId="87.[128,654,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
The m1 is similar in all respects to that of ACM 4804 but is more massive and robust, measuring 28.0 mm in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFE58B67B31400746" box="[511,617,1087,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="14.1">14.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in greatest width. Although these lower carnassials were undoubtedly capable of limited shear (vertical wear facets occur on the paraconid-protoconid blade), the premolars, m2–3, and m1 functioned primarily as crushing instruments. The m1 hypoconid and the protoconid of m2 are blunt, low cusps, and in this species could have served no role other than crushing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF3AB72231A10575" blockId="87.[128,654,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
The m2 is represented only by the trigonid. It is similar to the m2 trigonid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405717AC3AFDB3B7C031A70688" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[532,654,1411,1434]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFDB3B7C031A70688" box="[532,654,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but is more massive, having a very large, blunt protoconid and small vestigial paraconid with a strong labial cingulum; there is no metaconid. Trigonid width is
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFE3AB7BD3125051D" box="[413,524,1529,1551]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="10.6">10.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Based on similarity of the cheek teeth in F:AM 27561 and ACM 4804, the complete m2 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405717AC3AFD8FB47131A40558" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[552,653,1589,1610]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFD8FB47131A40558" box="[552,653,1589,1610]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">D. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a larger version of the m
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFE73B4163128057A" box="[468,513,1618,1640]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405717AC3AFDAEB41631A8057A" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[521,641,1617,1640]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFDAEB41631A8057A" box="[521,641,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF3AB434323305B1" blockId="87.[128,654,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">The m3 was not preserved but would have been present.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFF3AB4E8375B0725" blockId="87.[128,654,792,1759]" lastBlockId="87.[701,1228,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
I1–I2 are of equal size and similar cusp form. Both have a vertical anterior face and a curvilinear posterior surface, and both possess prominent auxiliary cusps (Nebenzacken) on their lateral margins as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405717AC3AFB08B11730380094" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFB08B11730380094" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I2 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFC7FB13437140094" box="[984,1085,880,902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFD1AB1C9303500B1" box="[701,796,909,931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width; I1 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFBEFB1CA378F00B1" box="[1096,1190,910,931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFCB3B1EF307F00D2" box="[788,854,939,961]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width. The large I3 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFD1AB18D300F00CC" box="[701,806,969,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="22.8">22.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFC09B18D373E00CC" box="[942,1047,969,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="13.3">13.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, and about
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFCAAB1A2304B00E9" box="[781,866,998,1019]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width at the enamel base. There is a wear groove on the posterolabial face of I3 made by the upper canine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFD7CB67B30860782" blockId="87.[701,1228,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
P1 has the same subconical form as in ACM 4804 and measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFC5CB619377F0760" box="[1019,1110,1117,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length by
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFD44B63E3015079D" box="[739,828,1146,1168]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFD7CB6DC3744064C" blockId="87.[701,1228,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">P2 is much larger than P1; it is tall, subtriangular in labial view, with nearvertical anterior and more inclined posterior faces, and measures 17.0 by 9.0 mm. The heel of P2 is broad; the thin enamel ridge on the posterior slope ends in a minute cingular cuspule at the posterolingual corner.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC3AFD7CB723371905B1" blockId="87.[701,1228,792,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
P3 is tall, triangular in lateral view, and posteriorly broad, measuring
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFB93B7C1378A0688" box="[1076,1187,1413,1434]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8699999999999999" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="18.7">18.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFCB8B7E630A706A5" box="[799,910,1442,1463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="11.9">11.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in posterior width. The posterior face has a small, labially situated, posterior accessory cusp. P3 has fine enamel ridges on its anterior and posterior faces; the anterior ridge terminates at the anterolingual margin of these teeth; the posterior ridge at the posterolabial corner. The expansion of the heel of both P2 and P3 is more pronounced than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405717AC3AFC17B4CA370005B6" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[944,1065,1677,1700]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15717AC3AFC17B4CA370005B6" box="[944,1065,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35717AC35FD7CB4E831670288" blockId="87.[701,1228,792,1759]" lastBlockId="88.[93,620,213,1759]" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="87" pageNumber="87">
|
||
P4 measures
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFCDFB4EF30F605D3" box="[888,991,1707,1729]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="23.5">23.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="C7059B265717AC3AFBC3B4E837E205D3" box="[1124,1227,1708,1729]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="87" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="19.8">19.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width across the protocone, and is similar in form to the P4 of ACM 4804 but is larger and slightly more robust. The metastylar blade is blunt as is the protocone; both are essentially unworn, and the slightly worn paracone shows only a flat apical wear facet. Vertical shear, although possible, appears to have been secondary to a crushing action.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35718AC35FFDDB3E632FF0102" blockId="88.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">
|
||
The upper molars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FE2FB3E732DA02AA" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[392,499,419,440]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FE2FB3E732DA02AA" box="[392,499,419,440]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not recovered, but based on the remaining teeth they would be similar in form yet somewhat larger than M1–2 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FEF1B3BF32E60103" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[342,463,506,529]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FEF1B3BF32E60103" box="[342,463,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E765485718AC35FFDDB05330620250" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35718AC35FFDDB05332C0068E" blockId="88.[93,620,213,1759]" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">
|
||
DISCUSSION: F:AM 27561 differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FDE8B05D3398015E" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FDE8B05D3398015E" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in larger size and in the greater accentuation of many defining features of the cheek teeth. Not only are its teeth larger but cingula are more pronounced, the cusps more massive, and p3–4 and P2–3 are posteriorly broadened. The defining dental traits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FF7BB0A132AE01EE" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[220,391,741,764]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FF7BB0A132AE01EE" box="[220,391,741,764]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are evident and indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FF50B1473277000A" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[247,350,771,792]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FF50B1473277000A" box="[247,350,771,792]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly derived from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FFFAB16533FB0024" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[93,210,799,822]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FFFAB16533FB0024" box="[93,210,799,822]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Paul Miller, the collector, reported that F:AM 27561 came from the ‘‘vicinity of Van Tassell,’’
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C239F8215718AC35FEABB11E32AB0062" box="[268,386,858,880]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Near the town of Van Tassell only the Harrison Formation and the Anderson Ranch beds outcrop in the area where Miller worked. Fortunately, sediment adhering to F:AM 27561 shows the pale reddish-brown patina of the Anderson Ranch sandstones. The advanced features of its dentition indicate that Miller may have obtained F:AM 27561 stratigraphically high in the Anderson Ranch beds in the stratotype area of the formation in the Niobrara Canyon (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="646C4B325718AC35FF33B6D932AC07A0" author="Hunt, R. M., Jr." box="[148,389,1180,1202]" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref83818" refString="Hunt, R. M., Jr. 2002 b. New amphicyonid carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the early Miocene of southeastern Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 3385: 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="2002">Hunt, 2002b: 35–39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is in proximity to the town of Van Tassell. F:AM 27561 is of latest Arikareean age and represents the youngest occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FED6B6B731350618" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[369,540,1267,1290]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FED6B6B731350618" box="[369,540,1267,1290]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. More than 80 years of exploration of Anderson Ranch Formation outcrops in northwest
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C239F8215718AC35FFFAB70833E70670" box="[93,206,1356,1378]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C239F8215718AC35FEAAB70832560670" box="[269,383,1356,1378]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
|
||
have failed to yield additional remains of this rare temnocyonine since Miller’s fortunate discovery.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="004236C35718AC35FFDDB7E130620250" blockId="88.[93,620,213,1759]" lastBlockId="88.[667,1193,213,322]" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">
|
||
The stratigraphic levels that produced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FDE8B7E1339806CA" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FDE8B7E1339806CA" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are well documented, and the horizon that yielded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FF49B7A4327D06E7" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[238,340,1504,1525]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FF49B7A4327D06E7" box="[238,340,1504,1525]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be reliably estimated. The stage of evolution of these two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FFDCB45D320F0522" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[123,294,1561,1584]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FFDCB45D320F0522" box="[123,294,1561,1584]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which occur in late to latest Arikareeean time, can be contrasted with that of
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FFFAB41133D20578" box="[93,251,1621,1642]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FFFAB41133DE0578" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[93,247,1621,1642]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mammacyon</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The occurrence of the terminal and largest species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FEE2B43632EE0594" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[325,455,1649,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferocior">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FEE2B43632EE0594" box="[325,455,1649,1671]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">M. ferocior</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, preceded the earliest occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FE24B4CB312105B7" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[387,520,1678,1701]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oryktes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FE24B4CB312105B7" box="[387,520,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">D. oryktes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Harrison Formation at
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FE27B4EF33B205CD" authority="Quarry. Thus" authorityName="Quarry. Thus" class="Mammalia" family="Camelidae" genus="Stenomylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FE27B4EF312A05D0" box="[384,515,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Stenomylus</emphasis>
|
||
Quarry. Thus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FF45B48E325E05CD" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[226,375,1738,1759]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Mammacyon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FF45B48E325E05CD" box="[226,375,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Mammacyon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage reached its apex at a time before 23 Ma, when the coeval species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7FD4D405718AC35FCBDB2B530EC021A" authorityName="Hunt" authorityYear="2011" box="[794,965,241,264]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Delotrochanter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="88" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3289EAD15718AC35FCBDB2B530EC021A" box="[794,965,241,264]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="88">Delotrochanter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must have been a much smaller carnivore in the same geographic region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |