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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.8.7676" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80ae8088-2721-4d7e-852d-aa0ce690cf98" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023688" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-8-43" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-4049-8-43" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 8" ModsDocTitle="Pycnopulvinusaurantiacus gen. et sp. nov., a new sporocarp-forming member of Pucciniomycotina" checkinTime="1451252973035" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Toome, Merje &amp; Aime, M. Catherine" docDate="2014" docId="5F3FE2D2B85C6824E616F76BB7808A82" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 8: 43-50" docOrigin="MycoKeys 8" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.8.7676" docTitle="Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus Toome &amp; Aime, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFFC844BFFB3860DFFFDB16DF371FFE6" masterDocTitle="Pycnopulvinusaurantiacus gen. et sp. nov., a new sporocarp-forming member of Pucciniomycotina" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1643521294863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Pycnopulvinusaurantiacus gen. et sp. nov., a new sporocarp-forming member of Pucciniomycotina</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Toome, Merje</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Aime, M. Catherine</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>8</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>43</mods:start>
<mods:end>50</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.8.7676</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.8.7676</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-8-43</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152023688" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F3FE2D2B85C6824E616F76BB7808A82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F3FE2D2B85C6824E616F76BB7808A82" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Taxon classification Fungi Heterogastridiales Heterogastridiaceae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName LSID="MycoBank MB808524" authority="Toome &amp; Aime" class="Microbotryomycetes" family="Heterogastridiaceae" genus="Pycnopulvinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus" order="Heterogastridiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus Toome &amp; Aime</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="47">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 2
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
Sporocarps minute, orange, with a swollen basal cushion (up to 3 mm wide) and long narrow neck (up to 3 mm long) subtended by a light yellow to orange mucous droplet (up to 1.5 mm diam.) of hyaline, 2-4 celled spores, averaging 3.25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Found on palm leaf litter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">ECUADOR. Manabi Division, near Bilsa Biological Station, in the vicinity of N0.350444, W79.732075, on palm leaf mid-rib in the litter, 3 May 2004, M.C. Aime, MCA 2548 (holotype PUL F2679; isotype QCA). GenBank no. KJ676978 (ITS), KJ676979 (LSU).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
Gregarious, light to dark orange (ca. 5A6-7), superficial, stilboid sporocarps with swollen globose base (0.5-3 mm wide in fresh specimen, drying to 0.2-1 mm), surrounded by hyphae with globular apical cells, 20-30
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide and 45-55
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long. Sporocarp necks erect, long (0.5-2 mm), narrow (up to 110
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at base, 50-70
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at middle and widening up to 130
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
at tip), tubular, light yellow to orange, smooth. Hyphae on the outer layer of the neck 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide, septate; hyphae at the base and inside the neck 2-2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide, septate. Ostiolar hyphae extend from the outer layer of the neck cells, hyaline, non-septate, 10-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide, narrowing at the tip. Clamp connections not observed. Spores accumulate in pale to orange mucous droplets at tips
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="48" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
sporocarp necks, approximately half of the size of the basal cushion in diam. (up to 1.5 mm diam. in fresh material). Spores hyaline, mostly 2-4 celled and cylindrical or somewhat fusiform, measuring 3-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(average 3.25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), breaking into smaller compartments. No sporogenous cells were detected at the interior of the sporocarp, but the spores are likely asexually produced. Basidia not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="ecology and distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="49" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
and distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">On palm leaf litter in tropical forest of Ecuador. Possibly occurring in association with other fungi. Known only from the type locale.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">aurantiacus = orange, for the color of fresh sporocarps.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">PUL F2679.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
The sporocarps most likely represent an asexual stage of
<taxonomicName class="Microbotryomycetes" family="Heterogastridiaceae" genus="Pycnopulvinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus" order="Heterogastridiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
. Anamorphic stilboid conidiomata have been described for other members of
<taxonomicName genus="Pucciniomycotina" lsidName="Pucciniomycotina" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" rank="subdivision" subdivision="Pucciniomycotina">Pucciniomycotina</taxonomicName>
, especially in
<taxonomicName class="Atractiellomycetes" genus="Pucciniomycotina" lsidName="Pucciniomycotina" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" rank="class">Atractiellomycetes</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Oberwinkler, F" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" pagination="637 - 649" title="Two new pycnidial members of the Atractiellales: Basidiopycnishyalina and Proceropycnispinicola." url="10.3852/mycologia.98.4.637" volume="98" year="2006">Oberwinkler et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
). However, multicellular spores have not previously been described for any sporocarp-forming member of
<taxonomicName class="Atractiellomycetes" genus="Pucciniomycotina" lsidName="Pucciniomycotina" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" rank="class">Atractiellomycetes</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName class="Microbotryomycetes" genus="Pucciniomycotina" lsidName="Pucciniomycotina" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" rank="class">Microbotryomycetes</taxonomicName>
. The organic matter of palm trees is not a common substrate among
<taxonomicName genus="Pucciniomycotina" lsidName="Pucciniomycotina" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" rank="subdivision" subdivision="Pucciniomycotina">Pucciniomycotina</taxonomicName>
and only one other basidiocarp-forming genus,
<taxonomicName class="Agaricostilbomycetes" family="Agaricostilbaceae" genus="Agaricostilbum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Agaricostilbum" order="Agaricostilbales" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Agaricostilbum</taxonomicName>
Wright, is known to specifically inhabit palm litter (
<bibRefCitation author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" pagination="880 - 886" title="Agaricostilbum: an auricularioid basidiomycete." url="10.2307/3759799" volume="73" year="1981">Wright et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
). The recovery of
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Ceratocystidaceae" genus="Ceratocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ceratocystis paradoxa" order="Microascales" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="paradoxa">Ceratocystis paradoxa</taxonomicName>
from the material might hint on a possible mycoparasitic strategy for
<taxonomicName class="Microbotryomycetes" family="Heterogastridiaceae" genus="Pycnopulvinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus" order="Heterogastridiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Pycnopulvinus aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>