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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aac1a00b-ceaf-4b69-ad0c-ddb61c09151b" ID-PMC="PMC6881475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-890-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" ID-PubMed="31798309" ID-ZooBank="FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-890-1" checkinTime="1574358880872" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. &amp; Fernandez-Triana, Jose L." docDate="2019" docId="FCDF78654B02E7A722E4C020B5083212" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 890: 1-685" docOrigin="ZooKeys 890" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786" docTitle="Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei Arias-Penna, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97" masterDocTitle="A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="685" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168090790" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Whitfield, James B.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Winifred Hallwachs,</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dyer, Lee A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>890</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>685</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-890-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4056244" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160511292" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4056244" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCDF78654B02E7A722E4C020B5083212" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCDF78654B02E7A722E4C020B5083212" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DDE8EFB0-8F3D-4FA4-828C-6713EF4981EE" authority="Arias-Penna, sp. nov." class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mehrdadhajibabaei">Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei Arias-Penna, sp. nov.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Figs 160</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">161</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="female">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" unit="mm" value="202.0">2.02 mm</quantity>
, antenna length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.37" unit="mm" value="237.0">2.37 mm</quantity>
, fore wing length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" unit="mm" value="222.0">2.22 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456368947" collectingDate="2006-04-24" collectingDateMax="2006-05-04" collectingDateMin="2006-04-24" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="de Conservacion &amp; Elda Araya" country="Costa Rica" county="Area de Conservacion" elevation="670" latitude="10.87621" location="Sendero Carmona" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.38632" municipality="Sector San Cristobal" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Guanacaste" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
; 06-SRNP-3399, DHJPAR0005109;
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</collectingCounty>
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>
Sector San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCDF78654B02E7A722E4C020B5083212:0FDE3426C05ED18E40E7090146BFC5B3" country="Costa Rica" county="Area de Conservacion" latitude="10.87621" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.38632" municipality="Sector San Cristobal" name="Sendero Carmona" stateProvince="Guanacaste">Sendero Carmona</location>
; rain forest;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="m" value="670.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="10.87621" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.87621">10.87621</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="85.38632" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-85.38632">-85.38632</geoCoordinate>
;
<date value="2006-04-24">
<collectingDate value="2006-04-24">24.iv.2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName>Elda Araya</collectorName>
leg.; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cordwood cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoids emerged on
<date value="2006-05-04">
<collectingDate value="2006-05-04">04.v.2006</collectingDate>
</date>
; (
<collectionCode country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" type="">CNC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456369205" collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-12-31" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="de Conservacion &amp; Elda Araya" country="Costa Rica" county="Area de Conservacion" elevation="670" latitude="10.87621" location="Sendero Carmona" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.38632" municipality="Sector San Cristobal" specimenCount="21" specimenCount-female="17" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Guanacaste" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
• 20 (
<specimenCount type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
) (
<specimenCount type="female">14♀</specimenCount>
, 0
<specimenCount></specimenCount>
); 06-SRNP-3399, DHJPAR0005109; same data as for holotype; (
<collectionCode country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" type="">CNC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Inner spur of hind tibia slightly longer than outer spur, median area on T2 as broad as long (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Fig. 160D, G</figureCitation>
), propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Figs 160C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">161C</figureCitation>
), petiole on T1 distally with lateral margins relatively straight, finely sculptured only distally (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Fig. 160D, G</figureCitation>
), surface of metasternum flat or nearly so, precoxal groove deep with lineate sculpture (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Figs 160A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">161A, D</figureCitation>
), fore wing with vein 1 cu-a curved, r vein curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Figs 160I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">161F</figureCitation>
), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa present (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Figs 160A, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">161A</figureCitation>
), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets, propodeum with transverse rugae (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Figs 160C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">161C</figureCitation>
), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Fig. 160D, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 160" startId="F159">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 160.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mehrdadhajibabaei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. female 06-SRNP-3399 DHJPAR0005109
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
T1-2, dorsolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Head, mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F, G</emphasis>
Metasoma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
Lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
Dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I, J</emphasis>
Wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
Fore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
Hind.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 161" startId="F160">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 161.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Glyptapanteles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mehrdadhajibabaei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. male 06-SRNP-3399 DHJPAR0005109
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D</emphasis>
mesosoma
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Metasoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F, G</emphasis>
Wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
Fore
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
Hind.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coloration">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Fig. 160A</figureCitation>
). General body coloration shiny black except brown scape, but proximally yellow-brown; first four-five proximal antennal flagellomeres lighter (light brown) dorsally than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; pedicel, labrum, and mandibles yellow-brown/reddish; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow. Eyes gray and ocelli reddish (in preserved specimen). Fore and middle legs yellow except brown claws; hind legs yellow except black coxae, distal 1/3 of femora brown, distal half of tibiae brown, and tarsomeres brown although basitarsus proximally with a yellow-brown ring. Petiole on T1 1/3 proximal reddish and 2/3 distal black, contours darkened and sublateral areas yellow-brown; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown, and lateral ends yellow-brown; T3 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 yellow-brown; T4 and beyond brown. S1-3 yellow-brown; S4 and beyond proximally yellow-brown, distally brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Fig. 160A, E</figureCitation>
). Head rhomboid with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.19:0.06, 0.18:0.06, 0.18:0.06), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.11:0.04, 0.08:0.04), antenna longer than body (2.37, 2.02); antennal scrobes-frons sloped and forming a shelf. Face with lateral depression, punctate-lacunose, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.09, 0.13). Malar suture absent or difficult to see. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">
Fig. 160
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
, E
</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, proximally with distinctive punctation, but distally with a polished area, interspaces wavy/lacunose. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
, scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed;
<collectionCode>BS</collectionCode>
only very partially overlapping the
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
demilune with quite a little, complete and parallel carinae; dorsal
<collectionCode>ATS</collectionCode>
groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation smooth, shiny and nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat). Metanotum with
<collectionCode country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum">BM</collectionCode>
wider than
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
(clearly differentiated);
<collectionCode country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7hds-psx6" name="Milwaukee Public Museum" type="Museum">MPM</collectionCode>
semicircular without median longitudinal carina;
<collectionCode>AFM</collectionCode>
with a small lobe and not as well delineated as
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode>PFM</collectionCode>
thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum with transverse rugae, proximal half weakly curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half with a shallow dent at each side of nucha or rugose; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by a short concave carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine rugae and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove deep with faintly transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs.</emphasis>
Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.11, 0.08). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface, dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.18, 0.16), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.11, 0.10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">Fig. 160I, J</figureCitation>
). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming an angle at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metasoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 160" captionStartId="F159" captionText="Figure 160. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. female 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B Mesosoma, dorsal view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view D T 1 - 2, dorsolateral view E Head, mesosoma, lateral view F, G Metasoma F Lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357258" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure160">
Fig. 160A, D,
<normalizedToken originalValue="FH">F-H</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured only distally, parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.31, maximum width 0.17, minimum width 0.10) and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.13, length T2 0.13), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area as broad as long (length 0.13, maximum width 0.13, minimum width 0.09); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.22, 0.13) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cocoons</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F223" captionText="Figure 4. J G. tanyadapkeyae sp. nov. parasitoid of Pero chapela Poole: Geometridae, 08 - SRNP- 31435, photo DHJ 440487 K G. bobboharti sp. nov. parasitoid of Anomis luridula Guenee: Noctuidae, 01 - SRNP- 21185, photo DHJ 62275 L G. andybennetti sp. nov. parasitoid of Aleuron iphis (Walker): Sphingidae, 08 - SRNP- 32177, photo DHJ 445890 N G. charlesporteri sp. nov. parasitoid of Tarchon felderi Druce: Apatelodinae, 04 - SRNP- 3328, photo DHJ 420376 O G. eowilsoni sp. nov. parasitoid of Calledema plusia Felder: Noctuidae, 09 - SRNP- 71063, photo DHJ 461044 P G. garygibsoni sp. nov. parasitoid of Nystalea collaris Schaus: Noctuidae, 82 - SRNP- 418, photo DHJ 4186 Q G. chrisdarlingi sp. nov. parasitoid of Concana sp. Walker: Noctuidae, 06 - SRNP- 4972, photo DHJ 436488 R G. gerarddelvarei sp. nov. parasitoid of Macrocneme cabimensis Dyar: Erebidae, 07 - SRNP- 32365, photo DHJ 421485 S G. henrytownesi sp. nov. parasitoid of Heterochroma sarepta (Druce): Noctuidae, 97 - SRNP- 990, photo DHJ 40659 T G. iangauldi sp. nov. parasitoid of Zanola verago Cramer: Apatelodinae, 06 - SRNP- 9671, photo DHJ 424751 U G. daveschindeli sp. nov. parasitoid of Oxydia vesulia (Cramer): Geometridae, 08 - SRNP- 16708, photo DHJ 452329 V G. ilarisaaksjarvi sp. nov. parasitoid of Argyrogramma verruca (F.): Noctuidae, 92 - SRNP- 6132, photo DHJ 16975 W G. johnnoyesi sp. nov. parasitoid of Deinopa signiplena Walker: Erebidae, 05 - SRNP- 31619, photo DHJ 404219 X G. corriemoreauae sp. nov. parasitoid of Euphyia crispa Druce: Geometridae, 03 - SRNP- 23245, photo DHJ 78940 Y G. jeremydewaardi sp. nov. parasitoid of Antiblemma sp. Huebner: Erebidae, 06 - SRNP- 35622, photo DHJ 467720 Z G. mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. parasitoid of Carathis septentrionalis Becker: Erebidae, 06 - SRNP- 3399, photo DHJ 436471 AA G. donquickei sp. nov. parasitoid of Condica funereal (Schaus): Noctuidae, 09 - SRNP- 43316, photo DHJ 476509 AB G. howelldalyi sp. nov. parasitoid of Dyops chromatophila Walker: Noctuidae, 05 - SRNP- 6986, photo DHJ 424017." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure4">Fig. 4Z</figureCitation>
). Light brown oval cocoons with ordered silk fibers, but covered by a net. Cordwood cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Both sexes with slim body.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="male">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="F160" captionText="Figure 161. Glyptapanteles mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. male 06 - SRNP- 3399 DHJPAR 0005109 A Habitus B, D mesosoma B Dorsal view D Lateral view C Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view E Metasoma, lateral view F, G Wings F Fore G Hind." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure161">
Fig. 161
<normalizedToken originalValue="AG">A-G</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
). Similar in coloration and shape to female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mehrdad Hajibabaei is an expert in molecular evolutionary biology and bioinformatics. He has been one of the pioneers in the use of high-throughput genomics technologies, such as microarrays and Next-Generation Sequencing (
<collectionCode>NGS</collectionCode>
) for the assessment of biodiversity in samples as varied as natural health products to bulk environmental samples. He is an Assistant Professor at Biodiversity Institute of
<collectingRegion country="Canada" name="Ontario">Ontario</collectingRegion>
(
<collectionCode country="Spain" name="University of the Basque Country" type="Herbarium">BIO</collectionCode>
),
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2456369216" collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-12-31" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" country="Canada" location="University of Guelph" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ontario">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCDF78654B02E7A722E4C020B5083212:1013985D7E93FE7EDFE795D3042334B2" country="Canada" name="University of Guelph" stateProvince="Ontario">University of Guelph</location>
,
<collectingRegion country="Canada" name="Ontario">Ontario</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The parasitized caterpillar was collected in
<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, ACG, Sector
<collectingCountry name="Saint Kitts and Nevis">
San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
</collectingCountry>
(Sendero Carmona), during
<date value="2006-04">April 2006</date>
at
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</quantity>
in rain forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Carathis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carathis septentrionalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carathis septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Becker (
<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F223" captionText="Figure 4. J G. tanyadapkeyae sp. nov. parasitoid of Pero chapela Poole: Geometridae, 08 - SRNP- 31435, photo DHJ 440487 K G. bobboharti sp. nov. parasitoid of Anomis luridula Guenee: Noctuidae, 01 - SRNP- 21185, photo DHJ 62275 L G. andybennetti sp. nov. parasitoid of Aleuron iphis (Walker): Sphingidae, 08 - SRNP- 32177, photo DHJ 445890 N G. charlesporteri sp. nov. parasitoid of Tarchon felderi Druce: Apatelodinae, 04 - SRNP- 3328, photo DHJ 420376 O G. eowilsoni sp. nov. parasitoid of Calledema plusia Felder: Noctuidae, 09 - SRNP- 71063, photo DHJ 461044 P G. garygibsoni sp. nov. parasitoid of Nystalea collaris Schaus: Noctuidae, 82 - SRNP- 418, photo DHJ 4186 Q G. chrisdarlingi sp. nov. parasitoid of Concana sp. Walker: Noctuidae, 06 - SRNP- 4972, photo DHJ 436488 R G. gerarddelvarei sp. nov. parasitoid of Macrocneme cabimensis Dyar: Erebidae, 07 - SRNP- 32365, photo DHJ 421485 S G. henrytownesi sp. nov. parasitoid of Heterochroma sarepta (Druce): Noctuidae, 97 - SRNP- 990, photo DHJ 40659 T G. iangauldi sp. nov. parasitoid of Zanola verago Cramer: Apatelodinae, 06 - SRNP- 9671, photo DHJ 424751 U G. daveschindeli sp. nov. parasitoid of Oxydia vesulia (Cramer): Geometridae, 08 - SRNP- 16708, photo DHJ 452329 V G. ilarisaaksjarvi sp. nov. parasitoid of Argyrogramma verruca (F.): Noctuidae, 92 - SRNP- 6132, photo DHJ 16975 W G. johnnoyesi sp. nov. parasitoid of Deinopa signiplena Walker: Erebidae, 05 - SRNP- 31619, photo DHJ 404219 X G. corriemoreauae sp. nov. parasitoid of Euphyia crispa Druce: Geometridae, 03 - SRNP- 23245, photo DHJ 78940 Y G. jeremydewaardi sp. nov. parasitoid of Antiblemma sp. Huebner: Erebidae, 06 - SRNP- 35622, photo DHJ 467720 Z G. mehrdadhajibabaei sp. nov. parasitoid of Carathis septentrionalis Becker: Erebidae, 06 - SRNP- 3399, photo DHJ 436471 AA G. donquickei sp. nov. parasitoid of Condica funereal (Schaus): Noctuidae, 09 - SRNP- 43316, photo DHJ 476509 AB G. howelldalyi sp. nov. parasitoid of Dyops chromatophila Walker: Noctuidae, 05 - SRNP- 6986, photo DHJ 424017." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/357655" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.890.35786.figure4">Fig. 4Z</figureCitation>
) feeding on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Nectandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nectandra martinicensis" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="martinicensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nectandra martinicensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName family="Lauraceae" lsidName="Zygaenoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
). Caterpillar was collected in fourth instar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>