578 lines
70 KiB
XML
578 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="17BC85C5F3F647A250E032EC9537FEF2" ID-CLB-Dataset="7408" ID-DOI="10.5252/adansonia2021v43a8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49f3bd37-fa27-45a4-90b2-1e80c7f027ac" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680762" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618231216314" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Van de Beek, Abraham & Widrlechner, Mark P." docDate="2021" docId="D5365613DD155D5A4B41FC3DFB4B0ED1" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.43.8.67-98.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 43 (8)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648.8:Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648" docStyleName="Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Rubus heterophyllus Willd. (Willdenow 1811" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="86" masterDocId="290F2E6BDD075D4F4A75FF89FFCC085D" masterDocTitle="North American species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) described from European botanical gardens (1789 - 1823)" masterLastPageNumber="1823" masterPageNumber="1789" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1698936340201" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="4EAF53936B75B60C0FCA096F723C2219" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3866DE481206DBB38CF11F9F38CAE28B">
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<mods:title id="FE407EB921E39BE440504C8D2BC15D8A">North American species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) described from European botanical gardens (1789 - 1823)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="272EE5E1B20C3CA0B791688653D64789" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C1F9ECD190676C9FFA4AB938C7B1B897">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3AB616B78E58F7C522281655DDF008C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9BCC20770219C64F6203186F97198C34">Van de Beek, Abraham</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F9F8279470783B5169F575D892B9BA04">Petenbos 8 3904 BN Veenendaal (The Netherlands)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7233A8736BCD4756F1E28BB3501C4EC5" type="email">beekavd@xs4all.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6F6ED23BB6458C323729F39B506245F6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E58774C19EDFBF566553F07AECE81B64">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CDE61B6561B3104434F56F745A40A104">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="799DBDBA0D56B8E0873454105D30DA2D">Widrlechner, Mark P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C14CD5C108405C76788C8F3AC77B972">Iowa State University Departments of Horticulture and of Ecology, Evolution, & Organismal Biology 360 Bessey Hall, 2200 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011 (United States)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="88824E651C5A14EDA8B158DAD745528E" type="email">isumw@iastate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DBCC164178C8411A4507A5B3CDB70E0A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="61FB7AEC472FC9B13677B295CC0F945B">
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<mods:title id="C7358C3F6B7351A29AF4FA450E994664">Adansonia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D44E8F7B7C35EF5C6597E0D751D2D76B">
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<mods:date id="481FC9B0684848253599DBE0F1469254">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="418D2680A51E70C9FCB36015FF8E77F9" type="series">
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<mods:title id="1C0849F8586B902EBC7CDCDE77D2D38B">3</mods:title>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="89AEE7D08DC48C4D3D6C562B7820773F" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="05E9442759205A7A7CF97E8D58F7B547">2021-04-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="8A957FFA484113EF136C9600CBD2F535" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E8E099CFEE7C400A7D62BC0FE7A6DA49">43</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="4691D963A762DDBA0819D62A2F8F4B5A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0761B353E62895F61B02A5522D255140">8</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="D986100488F82953BC3028832D31AD05" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="B3A44753B0719B01789DF3740AC43B3A">1789</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="51CD10C88CF9D3CE4C62B39AB9DDB634">1823</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="26361E476CBC77F3C25BB78670262D17">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C1C91597167172CD45D5EF09DF7491E3" type="CLB-Dataset">7408</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6FCD232D263D4BBD8C2F84B8F3171500" type="DOI">10.5252/adansonia2021v43a8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F316EFFB34EAFE00FA7E3B3E619A0E4" type="GBIF-Dataset">49f3bd37-fa27-45a4-90b2-1e80c7f027ac</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BB4A526EFE0EBC54CFABB6E15603ACE3" type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C5074C7D47FD7D2CEE6030E02ACCCA3E" type="Zenodo-Dep">4680762</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="D5365613DD155D5A4B41FC3DFB4B0ED1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681697" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180999569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681697" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5365613DD155D5A4B41FC3DFB4B0ED1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D5365613DD155D5A4B41FC3DFB4B0ED1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD155D5D4B41FC3DFD940B92" box="[308,600,948,975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4B41FC3DFD940B92" blockId="18.[308,600,948,975]" box="[308,600,948,975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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<heading id="06685069DD155D5D4B41FC3DFD940B92" box="[308,600,948,975]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4B41FC3DFD940B92" ID-CoL="4TKD8" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[308,600,948,975]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
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<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4B41FC3DFDC00B92" bold="true" box="[308,524,948,975]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Rubus heterophyllus</emphasis>
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Willd.
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD155D5D4AF1FB80FDB10C7C" box="[132,637,1032,1057]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AF1FB80FDB10C7C" blockId="18.[132,637,1032,1057]" box="[132,637,1032,1057]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
In
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<treatmentCitation id="DC3EC114DD155D5D4AD7FB80FDB10C7C" author="Willdenow L." box="[162,637,1032,1057]" page="413" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" year="1811">
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<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AD7FB80FEB60C7D" box="[162,378,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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||
Die wilde
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<bibCitation id="88B5EF69DD155D5D4B7CFB81FEB60C7D" box="[265,378,1032,1056]" page="413" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" score="1.97023359760351E-6" volumeTitle="Baumzucht" year="1811">Baumzucht</bibCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
: 413 (
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<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4BCAFB81FDA10C7C" author="WILLDENOW L." box="[447,621,1032,1057]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref20095" refString="WILLDENOW L. 1811. - Die wilde Baumzucht oder Beschreibung aller im Konigl. Botan. Garten etc. bey Berlin im Freien ausdauernden Baume und Straucher. Nauck, Berlin, 586 + vii p." type="book" year="1811">Willdenow 1811</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD155D5D4AF1FBC4FD2B0C3B" box="[132,743,1101,1126]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AF1FBC4FD2B0C3B" blockId="18.[132,776,1101,1279]" box="[132,743,1101,1126]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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<treatmentCitation id="DC3EC114DD155D5D4AF1FBC4FD2B0C3B" author="Blanchard W. H." box="[132,743,1101,1126]" page="149" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" year="1906">
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<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4AF1FBC4FE490C38" ID-CoL="87C95" authority="Blanch." authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[132,389,1101,1125]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
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<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AF1FBC4FEFD0C38" box="[132,305,1101,1125]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Rubus plicatifolius</emphasis>
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Blanch.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4BFAFBC4FE110C38" box="[399,477,1101,1125]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4BFAFBC4FE110C38" box="[399,477,1101,1125]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Rhodora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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8: 149 (
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<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4847FBC4FD150C38" author="BLANCHARD W. H." box="[562,729,1101,1125]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="146 - 157" refId="ref16646" refString="BLANCHARD W. H. 1906 a. - Some Maine Rubi. The blackberries of the Kennebunks and Wells I. Rhodora 8: 146 - 157. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 563025" type="journal article" year="1906">Blanchard 1906a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD155D5D4898FBC7FF0A0CE9" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4898FBC7FF0A0CE9" blockId="18.[132,776,1101,1279]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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||
—
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<materialsCitation id="EDF7ED58DD155D5D4AEEFBE1FF0A0CE9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071146306" collectingDate="1905-08-14" collectorName="W. H. Blanchard" county="York County" determinerName="Widrlechner" location="Wells Beach Depot" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maine" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD155D5D4AEEFBE1FF320CDD" box="[155,254,1128,1152]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
, designated by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4BE5FBE1FD450CDD" author="WIDRLECHNER M. P." box="[400,649,1128,1152]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="415 - 465" refId="ref19818" refString="WIDRLECHNER M. P. 1998. - The genus Rubus L. in Iowa. Castanea 63 (4): 415 - 465. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4033996" type="journal article" year="1998">
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||
<determinerName id="A8FC0BC1DD155D5D4BE5FBE1FDC70CDD" box="[400,523,1128,1152]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Widrlechner</determinerName>
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(1998: 440)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
:
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||
<location id="5840B1DEDD155D5D48E7FBE1FF170CC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5365613DD155D5A4B41FC3DFB4B0ED1:5840B1DEDD155D5D48E7FBE1FF170CC7" county="York County" name="Wells Beach Depot" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" stateProvince="Maine">Wells Beach Depot</location>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCounty id="B4419F89DD155D5D4A96FB0BFE930CC7" box="[227,351,1154,1178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">York County</collectingCounty>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="9F5B29E7DD155D5D4B12FB0BFE640CC7" box="[359,424,1154,1178]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Maine</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<date id="2921C1C5DD155D5D4BC4FB0BFDF90CC7" box="[433,565,1154,1178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" value="1905-08-14">
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||
<collectingDate id="3965382DDD155D5D4BC4FB0BFDF90CC7" box="[433,565,1154,1178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" value="1905-08-14">14.VIII.1905</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4848FB0AFD330CC7" box="[573,767,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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||
<collectorName id="F06A82D3DD155D5D4848FB0AFD190CC7" box="[573,725,1154,1178]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">W.H. Blanchard</collectorName>
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||
477
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</emphasis>
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, BH.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD155D5D4AF1FB44FCC40CA2" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AF1FB44FCC40CA2" blockId="18.[132,776,1101,1279]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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||
<materialsCitation id="EDF7ED58DD155D5D4AF1FB44FCCF0CA2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071146305" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD155D5D4AF1FB44FF110CBE" box="[132,221,1229,1252]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="neotype">NEOTYPE</typeStatus>
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(here designated). — The photo in Bailey,
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<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4810FB44FCC90CB9" box="[613,773,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Gentes Herbarum</emphasis>
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1: 162 (1923). A drawing of the type was printed inBailey (1945: 773)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD155D5A4AF1FABDFB4B0ED1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AF1FABDFF200D11" blockId="18.[130,777,1332,2028]" box="[132,236,1332,1358]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">FINDINGS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AF1FADAFCCB0E70" blockId="18.[130,777,1332,2028]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
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The original specimens that were attributed to this name at B have been lost.
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<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4B6EFAFAFE640DD3" author="BAILEY L. H." box="[283,424,1395,1422]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="137 - 200" refId="ref16205" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1923. - Certain cultivated Rubi. Gentes Herbarum 1: 137 - 200. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / inu. 30000046319301" type="journal article" year="1923">Bailey (1923)</bibRefCitation>
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obtained a photo and a drawing of a specimen from B, which was only a young primocane. Bailey did not formally select it as a
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<typeStatus id="822459A7DD155D5D4BB7FA3AFDE80D90" box="[450,548,1459,1485]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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. Since it is no longer extant, we choose his photo as the new type. Though it was created from original material, the photo itself was made in the 20TH century and, thus, is a
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<typeStatus id="822459A7DD155D5D4BE1F99AFE2A0E70" box="[404,486,1555,1581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
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(photo inBailey 1923: 162).
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AEEF9BAFD660F16" blockId="18.[130,777,1332,2028]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
To begin with, we considered whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4845F9BAFD150E11" authority="Aiton" authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[560,729,1586,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
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||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4845F9BAFD590E11" box="[560,661,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
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Aiton
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4AF6F9DAFEEF0E31" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[131,291,1618,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AF6F9DAFEEF0E31" box="[131,291,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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might be identical. Both have coarsely serrate leaves and bear weak prickles. However, the teeth of the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4AD5F91AFE8E0EF1" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[160,322,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
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||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AD5F91AFE8E0EF1" box="[160,322,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
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are much sharper than those of
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<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D48EDF91AFD330EF1" authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[664,767,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
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||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D48EDF91AFD330EF1" box="[664,767,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Most notably, however, Willdenow wrote in his protologue that its leaves are glabrous, which does not correspond with the
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<typeStatus id="822459A7DD155D5D4ADEF97BFF140F51" box="[171,216,1778,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4A80F97AFE940F51" authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[245,344,1778,1804]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4A80F97AFE940F51" box="[245,344,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, some of the terminal leaflets of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4AD4F89BFE8E0F71" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[161,322,1810,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AD4F89BFE8E0F71" box="[161,322,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are ovate and not shouldered like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4AF1F8BBFF270F16" authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[132,235,1841,1867]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AF1F8BBFF270F16" box="[132,235,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We conclude that they are not identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4AEEF8DBFB0E092C" blockId="18.[130,777,1332,2028]" lastBlockId="18.[811,1456,215,1167]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Many 19TH-century authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4BB0F8DBFF7C0FD1" author="DE CANDOLLE A. P. & SPRENGEL K." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref17354" refString="DE CANDOLLE A. P. & SPRENGEL K. 1820. - Grundzuge der wissenschaftlichen Pflanzenkunde. Cnoblauch, Leipzig, 646 p." type="book" year="1820">De Candolle & Sprengel 1820: 507</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4ACFF8F8FEB00FD6" author="STEUDEL E." box="[186,380,1905,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref18953" refString="STEUDEL E. 1821. - Nomenclator Botanicus. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae / Tubingae, xvii + 900 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 47064" type="book" year="1821">Steudel 1821: 706</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4BF7F8F8FDAD0FD1" author="TRATTINNICK L." box="[386,609,1905,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref19304" refString="TRATTINNICK L. 1823. - Rosacearum monographia 3. Heubner, Vindobonae, xvi + 171 p." type="book" year="1823">Trattinnick 1823: 15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D481CF8F8FF7D0FF1" author="DIETRICH F. G." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref17469" refString="DIETRICH F. G. 1837. - Neuer Nachtrag zum vollstandigen Lexikon der Gartnerei und Botanik. Ebener'schen Buchhandlung, Ulm, 560 p." type="book" year="1837">Dietrich 1837: 523</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4ACAF818FE680FF1" author="HEINHOLD G." box="[191,420,1937,1964]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref17726" refString="HEINHOLD G. 1840. - Nomenclator botanicus hortensis. Vol. 1. Arnoldischen Buchhandlung, Dresden / Leipzig, xxii + 888 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 127506" type="book" year="1840">Heinhold 1840: 523</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) identified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D485DF81BFD030FF6" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[552,719,1937,1963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D485DF81BFD030FF6" box="[552,719,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4AF3F83BFEE70F91" authority="Torr." authorityName="Torr." box="[134,299,1969,1996]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4AF3F83BFF220F96" box="[134,238,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
Torr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while explicitly excluding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4826F83BFF6E0FB1" authority="Aiton. By" authorityName="Aiton. Bailey" authorityYear="1944" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4826F83BFD770F96" box="[595,699,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
Aiton. By
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
doing so, they supposed that Torrey had a different view of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D493DFF51FC6308AC" authorityName="Aiton. Bailey" authorityYear="1944" box="[840,943,215,241]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D493DFF51FC6308AC" box="[840,943,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than did Aiton. If they gave a specific reference, it was to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D49FFFF71FB81094C" author="TORREY J." box="[906,1101,247,274]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref19213" refString="TORREY J. 1819. - A Catalogue of Plants, Growing Spontaneously within Thirty Miles of the City of New-York. Lyceum of Natural History, New York, 100 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 62356" type="book" year="1819">Torrey (1819: 47)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, where he only presented a list of names, and did not claim that he differed from Aiton in his species concept. So their interpretations do not help clarify our understanding of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4E6CFED1FB77092C" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[1049,1211,343,369]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4E6CFED1FB77092C" box="[1049,1211,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4936FEFEFA530AED" blockId="18.[811,1456,215,1167]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4936FEFEFBCF09CC" author="MIQUEL F. A. G." box="[835,1027,375,401]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref18216" refString="MIQUEL F. A. G. 1867. - Prolusio florae Iaponicae. Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi 3: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1867">Miquel (1867: 34)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4EBAFEFEFAA509CC" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[1231,1385,375,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4EBAFEFEFAA509CC" box="[1231,1385,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D493EFE1EFC9F098C" authority="Siebold & Zucc. (Siebold & Zuccarini 1835: 18)" authorityName="Siebold & Zucc. (Siebold & Zuccarini" authorityYear="1835" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thunbergii">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D493EFE1EFC1E09ED" box="[843,978,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. thunbergii</emphasis>
|
||
Siebold & Zucc. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4EE6FE1FFC87098C" author="SIEBOLD P. F. VON & ZUCCARINI J. G." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref18864" refString="SIEBOLD P. F. VON & ZUCCARINI J. G. 1835. - Flora Japonica 1. Apud auctorem, Lugduni Batavorum, 193 p. + 100 ill." type="book" year="1835">Siebold & Zuccarini 1835: 18</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, heterotypic synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4E19FE3EFC4409AC" authority="Thunb. (Thunberg 1813: 7)" authorityName="Thunb. (Thunberg" authorityYear="1813" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4E19FE3EFB10098D" box="[1132,1244,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. hirsutus</emphasis>
|
||
Thunb. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4F30FE3FFCB209AC" author="THUNBERG C. P." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref19153" refString="THUNBERG C. P. 1813. - Dissertatio botanico-medica de Rubo. Stenhammer & Palmblad, Upsala, 12 p." type="book" year="1813">Thunberg 1813: 7</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is certainly not correct:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4EB3FE5EFAFD09AD" authorityName="Thunb. (Thunberg" authorityYear="1813" box="[1222,1329,470,496]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4EB3FE5EFAFD09AD" box="[1222,1329,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. hirsutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has pinnate leaves, which are very hairy on both sides.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4F73FE7FFC950A6D" author="RYDBERG P. A." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="239 - 533" refId="ref18735" refString="RYDBERG P. A. 1913. - Family 18. Rosaceae. North American Flora 22 (5): 239 - 533." type="journal article" year="1913">Rydberg (1913: 473</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4917FD9FFC1C0A6C" author="RYDBERG P. A." box="[866,976,534,561]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="117 - 168" refId="ref18760" refString="RYDBERG P. A. 1915. - Notes on Rosaceae IX. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 42: 117 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2479779" type="journal article" year="1915">1915: 157</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was mistakenly convinced that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4F54FD9EFC850A0D" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4F54FD9EFC850A0D" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D490CFDBEFC7C0A2D" authority="F. W. Card ex L. H. Bailey (1898: 374)" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityPageNumber="374" authorityYear="1898" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="villosus" variety="michiganensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D490CFDBEFC130A0D" box="[889,991,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4E67FDBFFB6C0A0D" box="[1042,1184,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">michiganensis</emphasis>
|
||
F.W. Card ex L.H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4F1BFDBFFC7C0A2D" author="BAILEY L. H." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref16166" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1898. - Sketch of the Evolution of our Native Fruits. MacMillan, New York, 465 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 19869" type="book" year="1898">Bailey (1898: 374)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4E94FDDEFAE90ACD" authority="Rydb. (Rydberg 1901: 498)" authorityName="Rydb. (Rydberg" authorityYear="1901" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roribaccus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4E94FDDEFAA40A2D" box="[1249,1384,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. roribaccus</emphasis>
|
||
Rydb. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4943FDFFFBCA0ACD" author="RYDBERG P. A." box="[822,1030,630,656]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" refId="ref18676" refString="RYDBERG P. A. 1901. - Rubus L., in BRITTON N. L. (ed.), Manual of the Flora of the Northern States and Canada. Henry Holt & Co., New York: 493 - 499. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 39641091" type="url" year="1901">Rydberg 1901: 498</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4E68FDFFFAD10ACD" author="WIDRLECHNER M. P." box="[1053,1309,630,656]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="415 - 465" refId="ref19818" refString="WIDRLECHNER M. P. 1998. - The genus Rubus L. in Iowa. Castanea 63 (4): 415 - 465. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4033996" type="journal article" year="1998">Widrlechner 1998: 438</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. That species has more substantial armature and softly pubescent leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D4936FD3CFB0F0CD3" blockId="18.[811,1456,215,1167]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4936FD3CFBC60A8D" author="BAILEY L. H." box="[835,1034,693,720]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="137 - 200" refId="ref16205" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1923. - Certain cultivated Rubi. Gentes Herbarum 1: 137 - 200. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / inu. 30000046319301" type="journal article" year="1923">Bailey (1923: 162)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
supposed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4EDDFD3FFA840A92" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[1192,1352,693,719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4EDDFD3FFA840A92" box="[1192,1352,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D495EFD5FFB330AAD" authority="Blanch. (Blanchard 1904: 224)" authorityName="Blanch. (Blanchard" authorityYear="1904" box="[811,1279,725,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvans">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D495EFD5FFC660AB2" box="[811,938,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. recurvans</emphasis>
|
||
Blanch. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4E66FD5CFB3B0AAD" author="BLANCHARD W. H." box="[1043,1271,725,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="223 - 225" refId="ref16613" refString="BLANCHARD W. H. 1904. - A new species of blackberry. Rhodora 6: 223 - 225. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 562516" type="journal article" year="1904">Blanchard 1904: 224</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but proposed to drop the name as a
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4989FD7FFB690B52" box="[1020,1189,758,783]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">nomen incertum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4EC0FD7CFAA10B4D" author="BAILEY L. H." box="[1205,1389,757,784]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="591 - 835" refId="ref16395" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1945. - Rubus in North America. Eubatus. Arguti. Gentes Herbarum 5: 591 - 835. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / uc 1.31210001328085" type="journal article" year="1945">Bailey 1945: 775</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as he was inclined to do earlier (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4E37FC9CFB300B6D" author="BAILEY L. H." box="[1090,1276,789,816]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="137 - 200" refId="ref16205" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1923. - Certain cultivated Rubi. Gentes Herbarum 1: 137 - 200. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / inu. 30000046319301" type="journal article" year="1923">Bailey 1923: 162</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D4F7EFC9CFC350B0D" author="PALMER E. J. & STEYERMARK J. A." pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="375 - 758" refId="ref18409" refString="PALMER E. J. & STEYERMARK J. A. 1935. - An annotated catalogue of the flowering plants of Missouri. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 22: 375 - 758. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2394215" type="journal article" year="1935">Palmer & Steyermark (1935: 568)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were more positive about its identification as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D493FFCDFFC010B32" authorityName="Blanch. (Blanchard" authorityYear="1904" box="[842,973,854,879]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvans">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D493FFCDFFC010B32" box="[842,973,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. recurvans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. But later, Bailey refuted this identification definitively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D49C1FCFCFBA10BCD" author="BAILEY L. H." box="[948,1133,885,912]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="591 - 835" refId="ref16395" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1945. - Rubus in North America. Eubatus. Arguti. Gentes Herbarum 5: 591 - 835. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / uc 1.31210001328085" type="journal article" year="1945">Bailey 1945: 775</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and correctly so. The type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4959FC1FFC600BF2" authorityName="Blanch. (Blanchard" authorityYear="1904" box="[812,940,918,943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvans">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4959FC1FFC600BF2" box="[812,940,918,943]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. recurvans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD155D5D49A6FC1CFB180BED" author="WIDRLECHNER M. P." box="[979,1236,917,944]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" pagination="415 - 465" refId="ref19818" refString="WIDRLECHNER M. P. 1998. - The genus Rubus L. in Iowa. Castanea 63 (4): 415 - 465. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4033996" type="journal article" year="1998">Widrlechner 1998: 456</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD155D5D4EAAFC1CFA8A0BED" box="[1247,1350,917,944]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
): Middlebury, Addison County,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9F5B29E7DD155D5D4E6BFC3CFBB20B92" box="[1054,1150,949,975]" country="United States of America" name="Vermont" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Vermont</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="2921C1C5DD155D5D4EFDFC3CFACF0B92" box="[1160,1283,949,975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" value="1899-06-21">21.VI.1899</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4F7BFC3CFC4E0BB3" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">E. Brainerd 24a and 24b</emphasis>
|
||
, GH. If one only takes the pictures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4F55FC5CFC850C53" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4F55FC5CFC850C53" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into consideration, one might be inclined to accept the conspecificity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4997FB9CFB480C73" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[994,1156,1044,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4997FB9CFB480C73" box="[994,1156,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4ECEFB9CFAF70C73" authorityName="Blanch. (Blanchard" authorityYear="1904" box="[1211,1339,1045,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvans">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4ECEFB9CFAF70C73" box="[1211,1339,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. recurvans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the protologue of the former makes such a conclusion impossible. Willdenow’s full protologue (1811: 413) (as translated by the senior author) reads as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D492FFB3DFADB0D50" blockId="18.[833,1435,1204,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
“12.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D49FBFB3DFB950C93" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[910,1113,1204,1230]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D49FBFB3DFB950C93" box="[910,1113,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Rubus heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leaves 3- and 5-foliolate, glabrous, ovate-oblong, acuminate, deeply dentated, the stem aculeolate, petals spatulate-lanceolate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D492FFA9AFBF20D70" blockId="18.[833,1435,1204,1804]" box="[858,1086,1299,1325]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">Variable leaf bramble</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D492FFABAFA550D10" blockId="18.[833,1435,1204,1804]" box="[858,1433,1331,1357]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">The home land is unknown, probably North America.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D492FFADAFA860EF1" blockId="18.[833,1435,1204,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">A species two feet tall with many prostrate stems. The infertile stems are bluntly angled, with sparse fine hairs, with pointed, somewhat curved prickles provided. The fertile branches are round,glabrous below,with sparse short prickles, the upper part with fine hairs and almost without prickles. The leaves of the infertile stem are digitate,5-foliolate, those of the fertile stem 3-foliolate, the lateral leaflets deeply lobate.The leaves in the range of the flowers are simple or also 3-foliolate. The leaflets are ovate-oblong, long acuminate, deeply unequally dentate. The petioles of the infertile stem are prickly, those of the fertile stem with fine hairs.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5D492FF93BFBDB0F51" blockId="18.[833,1435,1204,1804]" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">The flowers are white, they come in July, the calyx and the pedicels are white hairy, the petals narrow spatulate, sometimes incised.”</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD155D5A4936F8B8FE4E0F71" blockId="18.[813,1457,1841,2028]" lastBlockId="21.[131,776,1395,2028]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">
|
||
The glabrous leaves and the phrases ‘two feet tall with many prostrate stems’ and ‘the petals narrow spatulate’ do not correspond with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD155D5D4E6CF8FBFB500FD6" authorityName="Blanch. (Blanchard" authorityYear="1904" box="[1049,1180,1906,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhodora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvans">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD155D5D4E6CF8FBFB500FD6" box="[1049,1180,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="83">R. recurvans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Its leaves are hairy and, while it can sometimes produce arching primocanes with prostrate rooting tips, it never produces multiple, strongly prostrate stems. Its petals are obovate, but not conspicuously narrowed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4A8CFAFAFE0C0DD0" author="WIDRLECHNER M. P." box="[249,448,1395,1421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="415 - 465" refId="ref19818" refString="WIDRLECHNER M. P. 1998. - The genus Rubus L. in Iowa. Castanea 63 (4): 415 - 465. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4033996" type="journal article" year="1998">Widrlechner 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4BB9FAFAFD3B0DD0" author="WIDRLECHNER M. P. & SMITH W. R." box="[460,759,1395,1421]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref20007" refString="WIDRLECHNER M. P. & SMITH W. R. 2008. - Rubus, blackberries and raspberries, in SMITH W. R. (ed.), Trees and Shrubs of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN: 440 - 511." type="book" year="2008">Widrlechner & Smith 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Willdenow’s description presents a plant which begins with young upright stems that soon become prostrate, so that the whole bush is not taller than two feet. This excludes the highbush brambles, and points towards a member of the
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4AF3F99BFEDF0E71" box="[134,275,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Procumbentes</emphasis>
|
||
, many of which take this form. So the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4AD6F9BAFE800E11" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[163,332,1586,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4AD6F9BAFE800E11" box="[163,332,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be found there. After a thorough investigation of taxa within this section with the combination of stems that are low-arching at the base, leaflets with very sharp and jagged serrations, and narrow petals, only two close matches could be identified:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A484EF93AFD1B0E91" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[571,727,1714,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A484EF93AFD1B0E91" box="[571,727,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4AF3F95AFDC40EB0" authority="L. H. Bailey (1943: 295" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[134,520,1746,1773]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4AF3F95AFF3C0EB1" box="[134,240,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
L.H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4B4CF95BFDC40EB0" author="BAILEY L. H." box="[313,520,1746,1773]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="229 - 477" refId="ref16321" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1943. - Rubus in North America. Flagellares. Gentes Herbarum 5: 229 - 477. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / uc 1.31210001328085" type="journal article" year="1943">Bailey (1943: 295</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD125D5A4862F95BFDB20EB1" box="[535,638,1746,1772]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: BH, grassy weedy land by Mountain Lake, Garrett County, Western
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9F5B29E7DD125D5A4AF3F89BFF3C0F71" box="[134,240,1810,1836]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4A8AF89BFEBE0F76" box="[255,370,1809,1836]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Bailey 670</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="09E0B78DDD145D5C4AB9F851FAA50FB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680794" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680794" box="[204,1385,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680794/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="84" startId="19.[204,215,2008,2025]" targetBox="[203,1385,215,1915]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD145D5C4AB9F851FAA50FB4" blockId="19.[204,1385,2008,2025]" box="[204,1385,2008,2025]" pageId="19" pageNumber="84">
|
||
FIG. 7A. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD145D5C4B5DF851FD400FB4" authority="A. Beek & M.P. Widrlechner" authorityName="A. Beek & M. P. Widrlechner" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,652,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="19" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revealii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD145D5C4B5DF851FE500FB4" box="[296,412,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="84">Rubus revealii</emphasis>
|
||
A. Beek & M.P. Widrlechner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74D8866CDD145D5C48E6F851FD1B0FB4" box="[659,727,2008,2025]" pageId="19" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype, primocane,
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD145D5C49E5F851FB1C0FB4" box="[912,1232,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="84">H.A. Davis, T. Davis, & W. Davis 11574</emphasis>
|
||
(CM[
|
||
<accessionNumber id="42CC7AE6DD145D5C4E89F851FA910FB4" box="[1276,1373,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/CM129946" pageId="19" pageNumber="84" type="EnaNcbi">CM129946</accessionNumber>
|
||
]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="09E0B78DDD135D5B4AA1F851FAAD0FB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680797" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680797" box="[212,1377,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680797/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="85" startId="20.[212,223,2008,2025]" targetBox="[198,1390,215,1915]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD135D5B4AA1F851FAAD0FB4" blockId="20.[212,1377,2008,2025]" box="[212,1377,2008,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="85">
|
||
FIG. 7B. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD135D5B4B44F851FD590FB4" authority="A. Beek & M.P. Widrlechner" authorityName="A. Beek & M. P. Widrlechner" authorityYear="2021" box="[305,661,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="20" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="revealii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD135D5B4B44F851FE690FB4" box="[305,421,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="85">Rubus revealii</emphasis>
|
||
A. Beek & M.P. Widrlechner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74D8866CDD135D5B48E9F851FD2C0FB4" box="[668,736,2008,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="85" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype, floricane,
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD135D5B49FDF851FB040FB4" box="[904,1224,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="85">H.A. Davis, T. Davis, & W. Davis 11574</emphasis>
|
||
(CM[
|
||
<accessionNumber id="42CC7AE6DD135D5B4E86F851FA980FB4" box="[1267,1364,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/CM129947" pageId="20" pageNumber="85" type="EnaNcbi">CM129947</accessionNumber>
|
||
]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="09E0B78DDD125D5A4AF1FA88FE450D74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680799/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" startId="21.[132,143,1281,1298]" targetBox="[137,769,215,1239]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD125D5A4AF1FA88FE450D74" blockId="21.[132,775,1281,1321]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">
|
||
FIG. 8A. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4AAEFA88FE620D4F" authority="Thunb." authorityName="Thunb. (Thunberg" authorityYear="1813" box="[219,430,1281,1298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decumbens">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4AAEFA88FEBD0D4F" box="[219,369,1281,1298]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Rubus decumbens</emphasis>
|
||
Thunb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lectotype (photo Mats Hjertson),UPP (UPP- THUN 12254). Scale bar: 2 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD125D5A4AEEF8B8FA6D0A0C" blockId="21.[131,776,1395,2028]" lastBlockId="21.[811,1458,215,1677]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Bailey distinguished between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4BACF8BBFDF60F16" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[473,570,1842,1867]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4BACF8BBFDF60F16" box="[473,570,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A481AF8BBFCCA0F16" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[623,774,1841,1867]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A481AF8BBFCCA0F16" box="[623,774,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of stipitate glands in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4853F8DBFD470F36" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[550,651,1874,1899]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4853F8DBFD470F36" box="[550,651,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A48BFF8D8FED20FD1" author="DAVIS H. A. & FULLER A. M. & DAVIS T." pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="206 - 241" refId="ref17052" refString="DAVIS H. A., FULLER A. M. & DAVIS T. 1968 b. - Contributions toward the Revision of the Eubati of Eastern North America. III. Flagellares. Castanea 33 (3): 206 - 241. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4032218" type="journal article" year="1968">
|
||
Davis
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4AF1F8FBFF770FD6" box="[132,187,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1968b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included them both among the eglandular
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4AF3F818FF3F0FF6" box="[134,243,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Flagellares</emphasis>
|
||
(synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4BF9F818FDD00FF6" box="[396,540,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Procumbentes</emphasis>
|
||
), separating them by leaf shape. However, even the
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD125D5A4BA4F83BFDCC0F91" box="[465,512,1970,1996]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4850F83BFD720F96" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[549,702,1969,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4850F83BFD720F96" box="[549,702,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows both
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD125D5A4AB1F85BFF320FB1" box="[196,254,2002,2028]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of leaves, leading us to compare the
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD125D5A48C0F85BFD2A0FB1" box="[693,742,2002,2028]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4958FF51FC5F08AC" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[813,915,216,241]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4958FF51FC5F08AC" box="[813,915,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49ADFF51FBBE08AC" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[984,1138,215,241]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49ADFF51FBBE08AC" box="[984,1138,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. After a close check of both taxa, we found that the leaves of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD125D5A4EB9FF71FB37094F" box="[1228,1275,248,274]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4F57FF71FA44094C" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[1314,1416,248,273]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4F57FF71FA44094C" box="[1314,1416,248,273]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more pubescent abaxially, its pedicels are also pubescent and even more: they have some stipitate glands; so
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4F1BFEBEFCB4092C" author="BAILEY L. H." pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="229 - 477" refId="ref16321" refString="BAILEY L. H. 1943. - Rubus in North America. Flagellares. Gentes Herbarum 5: 229 - 477. https: // hdl. handle. net / 2027 / uc 1.31210001328085" type="journal article" year="1943">Bailey (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was correct in his observations. Other samples that are identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49ACFEFEFBF009CD" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[985,1084,375,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49ACFEFEFBF009CD" box="[985,1084,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
display the same characters. Thus, it seems that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49CFFE1EFBD209ED" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1943" box="[954,1054,407,432]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pronus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49CFFE1EFBD209ED" box="[954,1054,407,432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. pronus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an unusual (probably rare) species with close affinities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4E60FE3EFB64098D" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[1045,1192,438,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4E60FE3EFB64098D" box="[1045,1192,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It cannot be established if the plant of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49A0FE5EFBB209AD" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[981,1150,470,496]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49A0FE5EFBB209AD" box="[981,1150,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had stipitate glands. However, Willdenow’s remark that it is glabrous refers better to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4958FD9EFC090A6D" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[813,965,534,560]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4958FD9EFC090A6D" box="[813,965,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(besides the fact that it is more probable that a rather common bramble was collected than a rare one).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD125D5A4931FDDFFA940C52" blockId="21.[811,1458,215,1677]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4931FDDFFBC20A2D" author="BLANCHARD W. H." box="[836,1038,598,624]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="146 - 157" refId="ref16646" refString="BLANCHARD W. H. 1906 a. - Some Maine Rubi. The blackberries of the Kennebunks and Wells I. Rhodora 8: 146 - 157. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 563025" type="journal article" year="1906">Blanchard (1906a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based his publication of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4F62FDDEFA610A2D" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[1303,1453,598,624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4F62FDDEFA610A2D" box="[1303,1453,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on plants from Wells Beach Depot. A specimen in BH was selected as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD125D5A49A1FD1FFBF40AED" box="[980,1080,662,688]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4E3EFD1FFA9B0AED" author="WIDRLECHNER M. P." box="[1099,1367,662,688]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="415 - 465" refId="ref19818" refString="WIDRLECHNER M. P. 1998. - The genus Rubus L. in Iowa. Castanea 63 (4): 415 - 465. https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 4033996" type="journal article" year="1998">Widrlechner 1998: 440</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Other specimens from this locality are conserved at NY. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A493FFD5CFB9F0AAD" author="BLANCHARD W. H." box="[842,1107,725,752]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="146 - 157" refId="ref16646" refString="BLANCHARD W. H. 1906 a. - Some Maine Rubi. The blackberries of the Kennebunks and Wells I. Rhodora 8: 146 - 157. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 563025" type="journal article" year="1906">Blanchard (1906a: 150)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the most striking characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4939FD7FFC250B52" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[844,1001,757,783]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4939FD7FFC250B52" box="[844,1001,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is “the plaited or ruffled margins of the leaves,” even adding that these make this species “unique among dewberries if not among blackberries in general.” It is precisely this characteristic which the picture of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4F1DFCDFFC590BD2" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4F1DFCDFFC590BD2" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows. It has the same curved tip of the leaflets as does
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49F7FC1FFBD00BF2" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[898,1052,917,943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49F7FC1FFBD00BF2" box="[898,1052,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is due to the plicate margins when dried, just as is the case with European species with plicate leaves, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4E66FC5CFAAB0BB2" authority="Weihe & Nees (1822" authorityName="Weihe & Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[1043,1383,980,1007]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4E66FC5CFBB20BB3" box="[1043,1150,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4EF0FC5DFAAB0BB2" author="WEIHE K. E. A. & NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. D." box="[1157,1383,980,1007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref19756" refString="WEIHE K. E. A. & NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. D. 1822 - 1827. - Rubi Germanici. Die deutsche Brombeerstrauche. Elberfeld: Schonian'sche Buchhandlung, 120 + 130 p. + 44 ill." type="book" year="1822">Weihe & Nees (1822</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-1827: 14) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49FFFC7CFB100C52" authority="Weihe & Nees (1822" authorityName="Weihe & Nees" authorityYear="1822" box="[906,1244,1012,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49FFFC7CFC250C52" box="[906,1001,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4985FC7DFB100C52" author="WEIHE K. E. A. & NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. D." box="[1008,1244,1012,1039]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref19756" refString="WEIHE K. E. A. & NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. D. 1822 - 1827. - Rubi Germanici. Die deutsche Brombeerstrauche. Elberfeld: Schonian'sche Buchhandlung, 120 + 130 p. + 44 ill." type="book" year="1822">Weihe & Nees (1822</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-1827: 18).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD125D5A4931FB9DFA7E0CB3" blockId="21.[811,1458,215,1677]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">
|
||
There is another peculiar characteristic which merits attention.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A491CFBBDFBFA0C12" author="WILLDENOW L." box="[873,1078,1076,1103]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref20095" refString="WILLDENOW L. 1811. - Die wilde Baumzucht oder Beschreibung aller im Konigl. Botan. Garten etc. bey Berlin im Freien ausdauernden Baume und Straucher. Nauck, Berlin, 586 + vii p." type="book" year="1811">Willdenow (1811)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that the calyx and the pedicels are white hairy. This has always been a stumbling block, for it suggests an affinity with a species of the
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4F16FBFDFA6B0CD3" box="[1379,1447,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Arguti</emphasis>
|
||
, even if its leaves are glabrous. However, it supports the identification with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49ADFB3CFBBF0C93" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[984,1139,1204,1230]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49ADFB3CFBBF0C93" box="[984,1139,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4ED1FB3DFA630C92" author="BLANCHARD W. H." box="[1188,1455,1204,1231]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" pagination="146 - 157" refId="ref16646" refString="BLANCHARD W. H. 1906 a. - Some Maine Rubi. The blackberries of the Kennebunks and Wells I. Rhodora 8: 146 - 157. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 563025" type="journal article" year="1906">Blanchard (1906a: 150)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrote in the protologue “sepals very pubescent or woolly”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD125D5A4936FB7DFA940DF3" blockId="21.[811,1458,215,1677]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">
|
||
In sum, we find no traits that weigh against the conspecificity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4932FA9DFC240D70" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[839,1000,1299,1325]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4932FA9DFC240D70" box="[839,1000,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4E6DFA9DFB670D70" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[1048,1195,1299,1325]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4E6DFA9DFB670D70" box="[1048,1195,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but, more interestingly, there are such peculiar specifics that it appears impossible to not treated them as the same taxon. So the conclusion must be made that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A49CFFAFDFB900DD0" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[954,1116,1395,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A49CFFAFDFB900DD0" box="[954,1116,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the correct name of the taxon which has been known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4E3CFA1DFB2D0DF0" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1906" box="[1097,1249,1427,1453]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plicatifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4E3CFA1DFB2D0DF0" box="[1097,1249,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. plicatifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until now.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD125D5A4936FA3AFB4B0ED1" blockId="21.[811,1458,215,1677]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4936FA3AFC350D93" author="LINK H. F." box="[835,1017,1459,1486]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref18006" refString="LINK H. F. 1822. - Enumeratio plantarum Horti Regii Botanici Berolinensis altera. Vol. 2. Reimer, Berolini, 478 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66" type="book" year="1822">Link (1822: 62)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to the descriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4F28FA3AFC1E0DB0" author="WILLDENOW L." pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref20057" refString="WILLDENOW L. 1809. - Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Regii Berolinensis. Taberna libraria scholae realis, Berolini, 592 p. https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / idurl / 1 / 10963" type="book" year="1809">Willdenow (1809: 38</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A49A8FA5AFB9C0DB0" author="WILLDENOW L." box="[989,1104,1491,1517]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref20095" refString="WILLDENOW L. 1811. - Die wilde Baumzucht oder Beschreibung aller im Konigl. Botan. Garten etc. bey Berlin im Freien ausdauernden Baume und Straucher. Nauck, Berlin, 586 + vii p." type="book" year="1811">1811: 413</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4E0FFA5DFADD0DB0" box="[1146,1297,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetraphyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4E0FFA5DFADD0DB0" box="[1146,1297,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. tetraphyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is not clear if this is a mere error or a conscious change. In the most extreme interpretation,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4E47F99AFB060E71" box="[1074,1226,1554,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetraphyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4E47F99AFB060E71" box="[1074,1226,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. tetraphyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is but a later, homotypic synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A498EF9BAFB6D0E11" authorityName="Willd. (Willdenow" authorityYear="1811" box="[1019,1185,1586,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A498EF9BAFB6D0E11" box="[1019,1185,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">R. heterophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD125D5A4EC7F9BAFAF30E10" author="IPNI" box="[1202,1343,1587,1613]" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" refId="ref17899" refString="IPNI 2012. - The International Plant Names Index (2012). Published on the Internet http: // www. ipni. org [accessed 1 February 2019]." type="url" year="2012">IPNI (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentions it as ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD125D5A4913F9DBFBBF0E31" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[870,1139,1618,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="21" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetraphyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD125D5A4913F9DBFBEA0E31" box="[870,1062,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="86">Rubus tetraphyllus</emphasis>
|
||
Willd.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– Berlin. Baumz., ed. 2 413. 1811’, which is a clear mistake.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |