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<document id="4936F902B8BBDC45C02B1D855AEB466D" ID-CLB-Dataset="7408" ID-DOI="10.5252/adansonia2021v43a8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49f3bd37-fa27-45a4-90b2-1e80c7f027ac" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680762" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618231216314" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Van de Beek, Abraham &amp; Widrlechner, Mark P." docDate="2021" docId="D5365613DD005D434E76FE7FFE560EF0" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.43.8.67-98.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 43 (8)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648.8:Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648" docStyleName="Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Rubus vulpinus Poir. (Poiret 1804" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="290F2E6BDD075D4F4A75FF89FFCC085D" masterDocTitle="North American species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) described from European botanical gardens (1789 - 1823)" masterLastPageNumber="1823" masterPageNumber="1789" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1698936340201" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="C68FA9F636E0CABED8D4C1D6ED2BF61E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="07E68D83814A35D2A7F5D41DBAC0FEEB">North American species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) described from European botanical gardens (1789 - 1823)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FFBE989F93B63C4B21D8F0240493AC79" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DEFF44F3A7F16D3D83B75814E542E007">
<mods:roleTerm id="BA71B0172DD0094B1509E7771BE42852">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0DD06A0F718B5ECD008E439EDA414CEF">Van de Beek, Abraham</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2ECB56E5A25680758B1B0085D54BB6A6">Petenbos 8 3904 BN Veenendaal (The Netherlands)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ECCAFFC8FAA7FBCBCAB8DD23E4A029A9" type="email">beekavd@xs4all.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2E8407055A99BA18CAB6EDCA2B79610E">Widrlechner, Mark P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="80C7013650896454EC69081733C6238F">Iowa State University Departments of Horticulture and of Ecology, Evolution, &amp; Organismal Biology 360 Bessey Hall, 2200 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011 (United States)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D1DFEF5C1B1A3A45ACB963CD6E050EA9" type="email">isumw@iastate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="BEA9F580E87DCA1ECC068F26248187E4">Adansonia</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EE49338A649D13303E8C4C1CE9203E16">
<mods:date id="2A8F977E549F730A8D5D946B1B9A77FC">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FCAD053A4AC815587F9292B8E1B99A62" type="series">
<mods:title id="A2BD731323A44650A97D542104A167DC">3</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="FFA5041F953DD7A93CFBE989629EABD9">2021-04-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="95349D582E73F65D9342435F0DB441DB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="34C37C2D467377EEC70342EC4E795F93">43</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1946C379D362751977D37C4B4F0B598C">8</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DDE4F1078B3AA00A4B9E7F6E94BC7CCE">1789</mods:start>
<mods:end id="DF8FBC23D1FC2E899881CEC79E0467B9">1823</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="E4E04AEE739E1113F6F60A5AA5C2F18A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F1521FBC18506444E9977D2BC7EA0DC4" type="DOI">10.5252/adansonia2021v43a8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="247113B0717A98861E56CDD71FDBEA01" type="GBIF-Dataset">49f3bd37-fa27-45a4-90b2-1e80c7f027ac</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E2900A03E435E682ECB2104FB4F6F6F8" type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D5365613DD005D434E76FE7FFE560EF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681688" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180999578" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681688" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5365613DD005D434E76FE7FFE560EF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D5365613DD005D434E76FE7FFE560EF0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD005D484E76FE7FFB160A4D" box="[1027,1242,502,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484E76FE7FFB160A4D" blockId="7.[1027,1242,502,529]" box="[1027,1242,502,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<heading id="06685069DD005D484E76FE7FFB160A4D" box="[1027,1242,502,529]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" reason="6">
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E76FE7FFB160A4D" ID-CoL="8G343" authority="Poir." authorityName="Poir. (Poiret" authorityYear="1804" box="[1027,1242,502,529]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E76FE7FFB6F0A4C" bold="true" box="[1027,1187,502,529]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Rubus vulpinus</emphasis>
Poir.
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD005D484936FDB9FAA30A1A" box="[835,1391,559,583]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484936FDB9FAA30A1A" blockId="7.[810,1454,559,684]" box="[835,1391,559,583]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<bibCitation id="88B5EF69DD005D484936FDB9FAA70A1A" box="[835,1387,559,583]" journal="In Encyclopedie methodique, botanique" page="273" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" score="8.584832371101033" volume="6" year="1804">
In
<treatmentCitation id="DC3EC114DD005D48492BFDA6FAA70A1A" author="Poiret" box="[862,1387,559,583]" page="273" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" year="1804">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D48492BFDA6FB530A1A" box="[862,1183,559,583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Encyclopédie méthodique, botanique</emphasis>
, 6: 273 (
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484E81FDA6FAAD0A1A" author="POIRET J. L. M." box="[1268,1377,559,583]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref18455" refString="POIRET J. L. M. 1804. - Encyclopedie methodique. Botanique. Vol. 6. Agasse, Paris, 786 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 824" type="book" year="1804">Poiret 1804</bibRefCitation>
)
</treatmentCitation>
</bibCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD005D484958FDD6FB530AF1" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484958FDD6FB530AF1" blockId="7.[810,1454,559,684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<materialsCitation id="EDF7ED58DD005D484958FDD6FB530AF1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071146313" collectionCode="P" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" specimenCode="P03141718" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD005D484958FDD6FC5A0A28" box="[813,918,607,630]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
(here designated). — “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E10FDD6FB200A2A" authorityName="Poir. (Poiret" authorityYear="1804" box="[1125,1260,607,631]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E10FDD6FB200A2A" box="[1125,1260,607,631]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Rubus vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H.R.P.;
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484F41FDD6FC190ACC" authority="? Aiton. Michaux." authorityName="Aiton. Michaux." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F41FDD6FA620A2A" box="[1332,1454,607,631]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Rubus villosus</emphasis>
? Aiton. Michaux.
</taxonomicName>
”,
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D48499DFDF3FBD00ACC" box="[1000,1052,634,657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Poiret</emphasis>
in Herb. Moquin-Tandon., Herb. Cosson/ Herb. Durand. (lecto-,
<collectionCode id="3B8E7FC0DD005D484E73FD1DFBD90AF6" box="[1030,1045,660,683]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="0D394F7EDD005D484E6EFD1DFB460AF1" box="[1051,1162,660,684]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="Herbarium">P03141718</specimenCode>
]).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1585B48EDD005D434958FD5FFE560EF0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484958FD5FFC5D0AB3" blockId="7.[811,1457,726,2028]" box="[813,913,726,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">FINDINGS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484958FD7CFAD60C33" blockId="7.[811,1457,726,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
Considerable confusion ensued during the 19TH century in the possible relationship between
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E00FC9FFAEF0B72" authority="Aiton" authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[1141,1315,789,815]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E00FC9FFB130B72" box="[1141,1247,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
Aiton
</taxonomicName>
and another New World blackberry cultivated at the botanical garden in Paris. Jussieu, followed by other botanists allied to the botanical garden in Paris, gave this plant, which was cultivated there since at least 1765, the year of their oldest specimen (Herb. Jussieu 14334), the name
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484EEEFC3CFAF60B92" authorityName="Poir. (Poiret" authorityYear="1804" box="[1179,1338,949,975]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484EEEFC3CFAF60B92" box="[1179,1338,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Rubus vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the botanists in Paris did not publish it validly in the 18TH century. The first effective publication was by St. Germain (1784: 155), who mentioned
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E11FB9CFAEB0C73" authority="Jussieu" authorityName="Jussieu" box="[1124,1319,1044,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E11FB9CFB140C73" box="[1124,1240,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
Jussieu
</taxonomicName>
within a list, creating a
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D4849E0FBBCFBE60C13" box="[917,1066,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">nomen nudum</emphasis>
. Incidentally, St. Germain’s book did not consistently use binominal nomenclature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484936FBFDFA4D0E71" blockId="7.[811,1457,726,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484936FBFDFBCB0CD2" author="MOREL J. F. N." box="[835,1031,1140,1167]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref18287" refString="MOREL J. F. N. 1800. - Tableau de l'ecole de botanique du jardin des plantes de Paris. Didot le Jeune / Fuchs, Paris, 107 p. https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 9656491 q" type="book" year="1800">Morel (1800: 68)</bibRefCitation>
listed the name in the
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F67FBFDFAAA0CD3" box="[1298,1382,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Tableau</emphasis>
of the botanical garden of Paris and again in the edition of 1801. In a later edition of this list,
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484E1CFB3DFAB50C93" author="DESFONTAINES R. L." box="[1129,1401,1204,1230]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref17379" refString="DESFONTAINES R. L. 1804. - Tableau de l'ecole de botanique du Museum d'Histoire naturelle. Brosson, Paris, 238 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13828" type="book" year="1804">Desfontaines (1804: 178</bibRefCitation>
; also
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D48495BFB5DFBF80CB3" author="DESFONTAINES R. L." box="[814,1076,1236,1262]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref17418" refString="DESFONTAINES R. L. 1809. - Histoire des arbres et arbrisseaux qui peuvent etre cultives en pleine terre sur le sol de la France. Tome 2. Brosson, Paris, 635 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 69561" type="book" year="1809">Desfontaines 1809: 107</bibRefCitation>
) identified
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484EC1FB5DFAE00CB3" box="[1204,1324,1236,1262]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484EC1FB5DFAE00CB3" box="[1204,1324,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484F18FB5DFC1D0D53" authority="Aiton. He" authorityName="Aiton. He" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F18FB5DFC900D50" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
Aiton. He
</taxonomicName>
mentioned the name as a mere synonym of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484958FA9DFC550D70" box="[813,921,1299,1325]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484958FA9DFC550D70" box="[813,921,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, followed in this by
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484EFCFA9AFA920D73" author="HOSACK D." box="[1161,1374,1299,1326]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref17840" refString="HOSACK D. 1811. - Hortus Elginensis, or a Catalogue of Plants Indigenous and Exotic, Cultivated in the Elgin Botanic Garden, in the Vicinity of the City of New-York. 2 nd ed. Swords, New-York, 65 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 112292" type="book" year="1811">Hosack (1811: 49)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484F1BFA9DFC7E0D10" author="GREEN J." pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref17684" refString="GREEN J. 1814. - Catalogue of plants indigenous to the state of New-York. Transaction of the Society for the Promotion of Useful Arts, in the State New-York. Websters &amp; Skinners, Albany: 91 - 136." type="book" year="1814">Green (1814: 127)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D4849C8FABAFB540D10" author="STEUDEL E." box="[957,1176,1331,1358]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref18953" refString="STEUDEL E. 1821. - Nomenclator Botanicus. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae / Tubingae, xvii + 900 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 47064" type="book" year="1821">Steudel (1821: 707)</bibRefCitation>
, and many other authors.
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484958FADDFC680D30" author="REES A." box="[813,932,1363,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref18634" refString="REES A. 1819. - The Cyclopaedia; or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Vol. 30. Longman, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59683" type="book" year="1819">Rees (1819</bibRefCitation>
: sub nomine) even stated (in slight error, since we know that
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D4849D7FAFDFBD40DD0" box="[930,1048,1395,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D4849D7FAFDFBD40DD0" box="[930,1048,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been growing in Paris for at least 54 years at the time), “It appears to have been introduced into the gardens of
<collectingCountry id="2588A795DD005D48498CFA3AFB980D90" box="[1017,1108,1459,1485]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">England</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="2588A795DD005D484EF2FA3AFB030D90" box="[1159,1231,1459,1485]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">France</collectingCountry>
about the same time, near forty years ago. In the latter, it was called
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484F5DFA5DFA520DB0" box="[1320,1438,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F5DFA5DFA520DB0" box="[1320,1438,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.” So, in their opinions, the
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E49FA7AFB7E0E50" box="[1084,1202,1523,1549]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E49FA7AFB7E0E50" box="[1084,1202,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the botanical garden in Paris was the same as the
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E29F99AFB080E71" box="[1116,1220,1554,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E29F99AFB080E71" box="[1116,1220,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of Kew Gardens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D484936F9BAFA7C0FD6" blockId="7.[811,1457,726,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
In contrast,
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D4849B8F9BBFB560E10" author="POIRET J. L. M." box="[973,1178,1586,1613]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref18455" refString="POIRET J. L. M. 1804. - Encyclopedie methodique. Botanique. Vol. 6. Agasse, Paris, 786 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 824" type="book" year="1804">Poiret (1804: 243)</bibRefCitation>
discussed the identity of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D48495BF9DAFC690E31" box="[814,933,1618,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D48495BF9DAFC690E31" box="[814,933,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
explicitly and argued that
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484EB2F9DAFAF20E31" box="[1223,1342,1618,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484EB2F9DAFAF20E31" box="[1223,1342,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cultivated in Paris differed from
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E6CF9FAFB4D0ED1" box="[1049,1153,1650,1676]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E6CF9FAFB4D0ED1" box="[1049,1153,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the glabrous adaxial surface of its leaves. Therefore, he provided the name
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484F4CF91AFCBF0E90" authority="H. Par." authorityName="H. Par." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F4CF91AFA610EF1" box="[1337,1453,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
H.Par.
</taxonomicName>
in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E26F93AFB770E91" box="[1107,1211,1714,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E26F93AFB770E91" box="[1107,1211,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a question mark, but included at the end of the article differences between both taxa. We conclude this to be a valid publication of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484F4CF97AFA620F51" box="[1337,1454,1778,1804]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F4CF97AFA620F51" box="[1337,1454,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under ICN (
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D4849C9F89BFB580F71" author="TURLAND N. J. &amp; WIERSEMA J. H. &amp; GREUTER W. &amp; HAWKSWORTH D. L. &amp; HERENDEEN P. S. &amp; KNAPP S. &amp; KUSBER W. - H. &amp; LI D. - Z. &amp; MARHOLD K. &amp; MAY T. W. &amp; MCNEILL J. &amp; MONRO A. M. &amp; PRADO J. &amp; PRICE M. J. &amp; SMITH G. F." box="[956,1172,1810,1836]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" pagination="159" refId="ref19323" refString="TURLAND N. J., WIERSEMA J. H. BARRIE, F. R., GREUTER W., HAWKSWORTH D. L., HERENDEEN P. S., KNAPP S., KUSBER W. - H., LI D. - Z., MARHOLD K., MAY T. W., MCNEILL J., MONRO A. M., PRADO J., PRICE M. J. &amp; SMITH G. F. (eds) 2018. - International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="journal article" year="2018">
Turland
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E69F89BFB9F0F71" box="[1052,1107,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
), art. 36.1, last sentence: Poiret accepted a species with the name
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484EBCF8BBFAF00F16" box="[1225,1340,1841,1867]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484EBCF8BBFAF00F16" box="[1225,1340,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and gave a diagnosis, but was unsure that it was not identical with
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484F1BF8DBFC900FD6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484F1BF8DBFC900FD6" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Taxonomic doubt does not make a publication invalid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD005D434937F818FE29094C" blockId="7.[811,1457,726,2028]" lastBlockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
Soon thereafter,
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D48498FF818FB0A0FF6" author="ZEYHER C." box="[1018,1222,1937,1964]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref20133" refString="ZEYHER C. 1806. - Verzeichnis sammtlicher Baume und Straucher in dem Grossherzoglich- Badischen Garten zu Carlsruhe, Schwezingen und Mannheim. Burgerspitals-Schriften, Mannheim, 48 p." type="book" year="1806">Zeyher (1806: 42)</bibRefCitation>
clearly distinguished
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484958F83BFC6F0F96" box="[813,931,1969,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484958F83BFC6F0F96" box="[813,931,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484995F83BFB760F91" authority="Aiton. He" authorityName="Aiton. He" box="[992,1210,1969,1996]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484995F83BFB8A0F96" box="[992,1094,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
Aiton. He
</taxonomicName>
gave both names in his list, identifying
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D4849BBF85BFBFD0FB6" box="[974,1073,2001,2027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D4849BBF85BFBFD0FB6" box="[974,1073,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD005D484E1EF85BFA660FB6" authority="Walter (1788: 149)" authorityName="Walter" authorityPageNumber="149" authorityYear="1788" box="[1131,1450,2001,2028]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD005D484E1EF85BFB140FB6" box="[1131,1240,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">R. hispidus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD005D484EAAF858FA660FB6" author="WALTER T." box="[1247,1450,2001,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" refId="ref19645" refString="WALTER T. 1788. - Flora Caroliniana. Fraser, Londini, 263 p. https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / idurl / 1 / 13857" type="book" year="1788">Walter (1788: 149)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, synonym of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B7FFF51FEB008AC" authorityName="Walter" authorityYear="1788" box="[266,380,215,241]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispidus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B7FFF51FEB008AC" box="[266,380,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. hispidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D434BDFFF5EFD4A08AC" author="LINNAEUS C. VON" box="[426,646,215,242]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" refId="ref18047" refString="LINNAEUS C. VON 1753. - Species Plantarum 1. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 560 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37656" type="book" year="1753">Linnaeus 1753: 493</bibRefCitation>
) and giving
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AF6FF71FF30094C" box="[131,252,247,273]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434AF6FF71FF30094C" box="[131,252,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a separate species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="09E0B78DDD0F5D474B9AF851FB8A0FB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680772" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680772" box="[495,1094,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680772/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" startId="8.[495,506,2008,2025]" targetBox="[231,1357,215,1916]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0F5D474B9AF851FB8A0FB4" blockId="8.[495,1094,2008,2025]" box="[495,1094,2008,2025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
FIG. 3. —
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0F5D47484AF851FD2A0FB4" authority="Aiton" authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[575,742,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0F5D47484AF851FD790FB4" box="[575,693,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Rubus villosus</emphasis>
Aiton
</taxonomicName>
in G, G-DC(G00653637). Scale bar: 2 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09E0B78DDD0E5D464B8CF851FBF00FB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680776" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680776" box="[505,1084,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680776/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" startId="9.[505,516,2008,2025]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1915]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0E5D464B8CF851FBF00FB4" blockId="9.[505,1084,2008,2025]" box="[505,1084,2008,2025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
FIG. 4A. —
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0E5D464820F851FCCE0FB4" authority="Merat" authorityName="Merat" box="[597,770,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0E5D464820F851FD000FB4" box="[597,716,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">Rubus villosus</emphasis>
Mérat
</taxonomicName>
type (1),
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0E5D46493AF851FC730FB4" box="[847,959,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">Micheli nr. 32</emphasis>
(FI[FI050742]).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09E0B78DDD0D5D454B8CF851FBF00FB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680782" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680782" box="[505,1084,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680782/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" startId="10.[505,516,2008,2025]" targetBox="[197,1391,215,1915]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0D5D454B8CF851FBF00FB4" blockId="10.[505,1084,2008,2025]" box="[505,1084,2008,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
FIG. 4B. —
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0D5D454823F851FCCE0FB4" authority="Merat" authorityName="Merat" box="[598,770,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0D5D454823F851FD000FB4" box="[598,716,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Rubus villosus</emphasis>
Mérat
</taxonomicName>
type (2),
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0D5D45493AF851FC0C0FB4" box="[847,960,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Micheli nr. 32</emphasis>
(FI[FI050743]).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09E0B78DDD0C5D444B8DF851FBF10FB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4680786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4680786" box="[504,1085,2008,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4680786/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="76" startId="11.[504,515,2008,2025]" targetBox="[151,1435,215,1915]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0C5D444B8DF851FBF10FB4" blockId="11.[504,1085,2008,2025]" box="[504,1085,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="76">
FIG. 4C. —
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0C5D444823F851FCCE0FB4" authority="Merat" authorityName="Merat" box="[598,770,2008,2025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0C5D444823F851FD010FB4" box="[598,717,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="76">Rubus villosus</emphasis>
Mérat
</taxonomicName>
type (3),
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0C5D444925F851FC0C0FB4" box="[848,960,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="76">Micheli nr. 32</emphasis>
(FI[FI050744]).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFE9EFCC409AD" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
Seringe (in
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D434B61FE91FDDF096F" author="DE CANDOLLE A. P." box="[276,531,279,306]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" refId="ref17314" refString="DE CANDOLLE A. P. 1825. - Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Vol. 2. Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris, 644 p. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 153297" type="book" year="1825">De Candolle 1825: 563</bibRefCitation>
f) considered
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D4348DCFE91FF65090C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D4348DCFE91FF65090C" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a variety of
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434BFDFEB1FDCE090C" box="[392,514,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434BFDFEB1FE32090C" box="[392,510,311,337]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">R. villosus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
He gave as synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AD0FED1FEDA092C" box="[165,278,343,369]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434AD0FED1FEDA092C" box="[165,278,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B52FED1FE2E092C" authority="Vill." authorityName="Vill." box="[295,482,343,369]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hybridus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B52FED1FE6B092C" box="[295,423,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. hybridus</emphasis>
Vill.
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D434B83FEDEFD7A092C" author="VILLARS D." box="[502,694,343,369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" refId="ref19525" refString="VILLARS D. 1779. - Prospectus de l'histoire des plantes de Dauphine. Imprimerie royale, Grenoble, 49 p. https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / idurl / 1 / 15535" type="book" year="1779">Villars 1779: 46</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D4348B1FEDEFF6A09CC" author="VILLARS D." pageId="12" pageNumber="77" refId="ref19563" refString="VILLARS D. 1785. - Flora Delphinalis, in GILIBERT J. E., Caroli Linnaei Systema plantarum Europae 1. Piestre &amp; Delamolliere, Coloniae-Allobrogum, vii + 127 p." type="book" year="1785">1785: 51</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434ACBFEFEFDAC09CC" authority="Bellardi (1793: 230)" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="1793" box="[190,608,375,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434ACBFEFEFEAC09CC" box="[190,352,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. glandulosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D434B1FFEFEFDAC09CC" author="BELLARDI L." box="[362,608,375,401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" refId="ref16572" refString="BELLARDI L. 1793. - Appendix ad Floram Pedemontanam. Joannes Michael Briolus, Augustae Taurinorum, 80 + vii p. https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 976423" type="book" year="1793">Bellardi (1793: 230)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D4348D6FEFEFD0209EC" authority="Waldst. &amp; Kit. (Waldstein &amp; Kitaibel 1805: 150)" authorityName="Waldst. &amp; Kit. (Waldstein &amp; Kitaibel" authorityYear="1805" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirtus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D4348D6FEFEFCCA09CC" box="[675,774,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. hirtus</emphasis>
Waldst. &amp; Kit. (
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D434B33FE1FFD0909EC" author="WALDSTEIN F. &amp; KITAIBEL P." box="[326,709,406,433]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" pagination="101 - 200" refId="ref19597" refString="WALDSTEIN F. &amp; KITAIBEL P. 1805. - Descriptiones et icones plantarum rariorum Hungariae 2. Schmidt, Viennae, 105 - 220, ill. 101 - 200. https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / idurl / 1 / 11187" type="book chapter" year="1805">Waldstein &amp; Kitaibel 1805: 150</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and associated the
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B51FE3EFE65098D" box="[292,425,438,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" rank="variety" variety="vulpinus">
var.
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B3BFE3FFE65098D" box="[334,425,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B92FE3EFF6209AD" authority="Weihe (1819: 18)" authorityName="Weihe" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sprengelii">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B92FE3EFDA4098D" box="[487,616,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. sprengelii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="390E9AF4DD0B5D434805FE3FFF6209AD" author="WEIHE K. E. A." pageId="12" pageNumber="77" pagination="17 - 20" refId="ref19677" refString="WEIHE K. E. A. 1819. - Rubus Sprengelii; ein noch unbeschriebener Strauch des Furstentums Minden. Flora 2: 17 - 20." type="journal article" year="1819">Weihe (1819: 18)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, all of Seringe’s identifications lack any basis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AECFE7FFD830A6D" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B34FE7EFE0D0A4D" box="[321,449,502,528]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B34FE7EFE0D0A4D" box="[321,449,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in several collections in the herbarium of the Musée Botanique:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFDBFFDFD0ACD" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
1. “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AB3FDBFFE480A0D" box="[198,388,566,592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">Rubus vulpinus</taxonomicName>
H.R.P.;
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B85FDBFFD520A0D" authority="Aiton. Michaux." authorityName="Aiton. Michaux." box="[496,670,566,592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">Rubus villosus</taxonomicName>
? Aiton. Michaux.” Herb. Poiret in Herb. Moquin-Tandon. Herb. Cosson/Herb. Durand (P
<date id="2921C1C5DD0B5D434BDCFDFFFDEC0ACD" box="[425,544,630,656]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" value="1718-03-14">03141718</date>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFD1FFDEA0A8D" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
2. “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AB0FD1FFDCE0AED" authority="Desf. H. P." authorityName="Desf. H. P." box="[197,514,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">Rubus vulpinus Desf. H.P.</taxonomicName>
” Herb. Cosson/Herb. Durand; Herb. Maire (P
<date id="2921C1C5DD0B5D434BEBFD3FFDD90A8D" box="[414,533,694,720]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" value="1720-03-14">03141720</date>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFD5FFDF50BD2" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
3. “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AB3FD5CFE500AB2" box="[198,412,725,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">Rubus canadensis</taxonomicName>
…cosus fructo rubro Rubi f… facie. Cod. .. H.R. Paris. H.R. Paris. 1765. Julio. Dans les parterres.” (Jussieu scripsit); “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D43487AFC9CFCC50B6D" authority="Juss." authorityName="Juss." box="[527,777,789,816]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">Rubus vulpinus Juss.</taxonomicName>
h.r.p.” (Poiret scripsit). Another label: ‘An
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434816FCBCFF3C0B2D" authority="Ait. Kew." authorityName="Ait. Kew." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">Rubus villosus Ait. Kew.</taxonomicName>
2. 210. LW 2.1085. Poir.enc. 6. 243. n. 21?” (Poiret scripsit). Herb. Jussieu 14.334
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFC1CFE5D0B92" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
4. “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434ABDFC1CFED40BF2" box="[200,280,917,943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rubus</taxonomicName>
vulp. Envoyé de Newyorck”. Herb. De Lamarck (P00297334).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFC5DFCCB0C53" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
5. “
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AB4FC5DFEB40BB3" box="[193,376,980,1006]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">Rubus vulpinus</taxonomicName>
. Hort. Par.” “Herb. Richard.” “folio tactu molissima semi-tomentosa. sprengelii”. Herb Drake.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEFB9DFE4C0D10" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
All these specimens belong to the species presently known as
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434A88FBBCFDBE0C12" authority="Porter. Because" authorityName="Porter. Because" box="[253,626,1076,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="allegheniensis">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434A88FBBCFE790C13" box="[253,437,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. allegheniensis</emphasis>
Porter. Because
</taxonomicName>
the description of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AACFBDCFE9A0C33" box="[217,342,1108,1134]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434AACFBDCFE9A0C33" box="[217,342,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was made by Poiret, the
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD0B5D434801FBDCFD690C32" box="[628,677,1109,1135]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">type</typeStatus>
must be selected from among specimens he had seen. From the list above, this is uncertain for specimens 2, 4 and 5. In addition, specimen 4 was not from the botanical garden in Paris. Thus, the choice of a
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD0B5D434B9FFB5DFDD70CB3" box="[490,539,1236,1262]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">type</typeStatus>
falls to specimens 1 or 3. Both are ones that Poiret signed as
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434825FB7DFD010D50" box="[592,717,1267,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434825FB7DFD010D50" box="[592,717,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and on both he expressed his doubt about their conspecificity with
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AB5FABDFE4C0D10" authority="Aiton." authorityName="Aiton (Aiton" authorityYear="1789" box="[192,384,1331,1357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434AB5FABDFEE30D10" box="[192,303,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. villosus</emphasis>
Aiton.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AE9FADAFE5A0E10" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
Specimen 3 is only a primocane, and specimen 1 includes an inflorescence with a secondary branch with some simple leaves and beginning compound leaves. Because Jussieu, who first gave the name to the taxon, labeled specimen 3 as
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B59FA5DFE0C0DB0" box="[300,448,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B59FA5DFE0C0DB0" box="[300,448,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and, moreover, because the inflorescence of specimen 1 is more characteristic for the identification of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434B0DF99AFE3A0E71" box="[376,502,1554,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434B0DF99AFE3A0E71" box="[376,502,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we selected this as the
<typeStatus id="822459A7DD0B5D434AF3F9BBFF220E11" box="[134,238,1586,1612]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(P
<date id="2921C1C5DD0B5D434B7BF9BAFE490E10" box="[270,389,1587,1613]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" value="1718-03-14">03141718</date>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D20E705DD0B5D434AEEF9DAFE560EF0" blockId="12.[131,777,215,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">
Because
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434A8AF9DAFE4C0E31" box="[255,384,1618,1644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpinus">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434A8AF9DAFE4C0E31" box="[255,384,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. vulpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is identical with
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434826F9DAFF000ED0" authority="Porter" authorityName="Porter" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="allegheniensis">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434826F9DAFCC50E31" box="[595,777,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. allegheniensis</emphasis>
Porter
</taxonomicName>
, we can conclude this is an earlier legitimate synonym of
<taxonomicName id="9A9F9C86DD0B5D434AAAF91AFE580EF1" box="[223,404,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="12" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="allegheniensis">
<emphasis id="6FEB3B17DD0B5D434AAAF91AFE580EF1" box="[223,404,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="77">R. allegheniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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