593 lines
54 KiB
XML
593 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2eec87e8-e8cc-4585-84bb-ac5af39810d1" ID-PMC="PMC7062851" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-63-69" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BC2096E6D63D5F5DA23CDFDDD3D63FA9" ID-PubMed="32189978" ModsDocID="1314-4049-63-69" checkinTime="1583231436794" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jaklitsch, Walter M. & Voglmayr, Hermann" docDate="2020" docId="3EC30B0B317950CEB3FDC1E6BC24605E" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 63: 69-117" docOrigin="MycoKeys 63" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054" docTitle="Melanconis alni Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122 1863" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BC2096E6D63D5F5DA23CDFDDD3D63FA9" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="BC2096E6D63D5F5DA23CDFDDD3D63FA9" masterDocTitle="The genus Melanconis (Diaporthales)" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1668136401704" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Melanconis (Diaporthales)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jaklitsch, Walter M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Voglmayr, Hermann</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>63</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>69</mods:start>
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<mods:end>117</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-63-69</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BC2096E6D63D5F5DA23CDFDDD3D63FA9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162381289" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3EC30B0B317950CEB3FDC1E6BC24605E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3EC30B0B317950CEB3FDC1E6BC24605E" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName LSID="3EC30B0B-3179-50CE-B3FD-C1E6BC24605E" authority="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122 (1863)." authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">Melanconis alni Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122 (1863).</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Melanconis alni. Sexual morph a, b ectostromatic discs c pseudostroma with ectostromatic disc in face view d cross section showing remnants of asexual morph at the sides of the sexual pseudostroma e cross section showing perithecia with lateral ostiolar necks and central column f vertical section showing perithecium with central ostiolar neck g-j asci k, l ascus apices showing apical ring m-x ascospores j, l, w in aqueous Congo Red a, b, i WU 31885 = W. J. 148 c-f, j, o-q epitype WU 31884 = MAIV g, h, k, l, x WU 37043 = J. F. 10104 m lectotype PC 0723592 n WU 37042 = D 156 r, s WU 31882 = MAMI t, u WU 31883 = MAW v WU 31887 = W. J. 1194 w WU 31886 = W. J. 178. Scale bars: 400 µm (a, b, d-f), 500 µm (c), 10 µm (g-j, n, s-u), 7 µm (k-m, o-r, v-x)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/384813" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Melanconis alni. Asexual morph a, b conidiomata in face view c conidioma in cross section d conidioma in vertical section e-i conidiophores and conidiogenous cells j-p α-conidia q-t β-conidia a, f WU 31885 = W. J. 148 b-d, h, m, q, s epitype WU 31884 = MAIV e, i PC 0723596 g, j, k lectotype PC 0723592 l, r WU 37043 = J. F. 10104 n, t PC 0723595 o WU 31886 = W. J. 178 p M. atrum isotype K (M) 171588 e-o, q-t in 3 % KOH. Scale bars: 300 µm (a-d), 10 µm (e), 7 µm (f-i), 5 µm (j-t)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/384814" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">, 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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≡
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">Melanconis alni</taxonomicName>
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Tul., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot.,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. 4, 5: 109 (1856). (Nom. inval., Art. 35.1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">= Rehm, Ascom. exs. 148 (1872).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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?=
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1825" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium apiocarpum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="apiocarpum">Melanconium apiocarpum</taxonomicName>
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Link, in Willdenow, Sp. pl., Edn 4 6(2): 90 (1825).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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?=
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<taxonomicName family="Melanconidaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="M. sphaeroideum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="sphaeroideum">M. sphaeroideum</taxonomicName>
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Link, in Willdenow, Sp. pl., Edn 4 6(2): 92 (1825).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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?=
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<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Stilbospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Stilbospora microsperma" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="microsperma">Stilbospora microsperma</taxonomicName>
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Pers., Observ. mycol. (Lipsiae) 1: 31 (1796).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is recognised by ascospores having filiform, tapering appendages and dark brown
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<normalizedToken originalValue="α-conidia">α-conidia</normalizedToken>
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with a pale to subhyaline median area.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Lectotype</emphasis>
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, here designated: France, Hauts-de-Seine, Chaville, on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 1 Feb 1856, Tulasne (PC 0723592; MBT390380).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Epitype</emphasis>
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, here designated: Austria,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Oberösterreich">Oberoesterreich</normalizedToken>
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, Raab, Wetzlbach, grid square 7648/1, on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 4 Jun 2011, H. Voglmayr (WU 31883; ex-epitype cultures CBS 131695 = MAW (from ascospores), MEW (from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="α-conidia">α-conidia</normalizedToken>
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); MBT390381).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/384813" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Sexual morph
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">a, b</emphasis>
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ectostromatic discs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">c</emphasis>
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pseudostroma with ectostromatic disc in face view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">d</emphasis>
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cross section showing remnants of asexual morph at the sides of the sexual pseudostroma
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">e</emphasis>
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cross section showing perithecia with lateral ostiolar necks and central column
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">f</emphasis>
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vertical section showing perithecium with central ostiolar neck
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">g-j</emphasis>
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asci
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">k, l</emphasis>
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ascus apices showing apical ring
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">m-x</emphasis>
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ascospores
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">j, l, w</emphasis>
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in aqueous Congo Red
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">a, b, i</emphasis>
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WU 31885 = W.J. 148
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">c-f, j, o-q</emphasis>
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epitype WU 31884 = MAIV
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">g, h, k, l, x</emphasis>
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WU 37043 = J.F. 10104
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">m</emphasis>
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lectotype PC 0723592
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">n</emphasis>
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WU 37042 = D156
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">r, s</emphasis>
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WU 31882 = MAMI
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">t, u</emphasis>
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WU 31883 = MAW
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">v</emphasis>
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WU 31887 = W.J. 1194
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">w</emphasis>
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WU 31886 = W.J. 178. Scale bars: 400
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">a, b, d-f</emphasis>
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), 500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">c</emphasis>
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), 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">g-j, n, s-u</emphasis>
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), 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">k-m, o-r, v-x</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/384814" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Asexual morph
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">a, b</emphasis>
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conidiomata in face view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">c</emphasis>
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conidioma in cross section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">d</emphasis>
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conidioma in vertical section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">e-i</emphasis>
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conidiophores and conidiogenous cells
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">j-p</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="α-conidia">α-conidia</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">q-t</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="β-conidia">β-conidia</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">a, f</emphasis>
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WU 31885 = W.J. 148
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">b-d, h, m, q, s</emphasis>
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epitype WU 31884 = MAIV
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">e, i</emphasis>
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PC0723596
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">g, j, k</emphasis>
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lectotype PC0723592
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">l, r</emphasis>
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WU 37043 = J.F. 10104
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">n, t</emphasis>
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PC0723595
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">o</emphasis>
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WU 31886 = W.J. 178
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">p</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. atrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="atrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. atrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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isotype K(M) 171588
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">e-o, q-t</emphasis>
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in 3% KOH. Scale bars: 300
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">a-d</emphasis>
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), 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">e</emphasis>
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), 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">f-i</emphasis>
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), 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">j-t</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Sexual morph</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Pseudostromata</emphasis>
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developing in bark after the asexual morph and sometimes with acervuli of the asexual morph still present within their sides, 0.9-2.7 mm diam., scattered, pulvinate, more or less circular in outline, slightly projecting from the bark surface and then causing a greyish bark surface; consisting of an ectostromatic disc and perithecia embedded in an entostroma.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ectostromatic discs</emphasis>
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0.3-1.4 mm diam., white to yellowish, brownish when old, flat to convex, circular, fusoid, angular or elongate in section, projecting up to 0.6 mm.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ostiolar necks</emphasis>
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cylindrical, laterally attached on perithecia and convergent in the disc, centrally only on centrally arranged perithecia, 1-15(-20) per disc, in the disc plane, convex to papillate and slightly projecting, with dark rounded tips; first pale brownish to greyish-brown, turning black, (70-)93-162(-210)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(n = 33) diam. apically, mostly present at the margins but often also randomly within the disc.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Entostroma</emphasis>
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bark-coloured, not or only slightly paler than the surrounding bark, consisting of bark cells and some light-coloured hyphae.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Perithecia</emphasis>
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(390-)450-645(-765)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(n = 24) diam., formed below overmature conidiomata in valsoid configuration, globose to subglobose, collapsing up- or laterally inwards upon drying.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Hamathecium</emphasis>
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of wide multiguttulate paraphyses, collapsing, dissolving and usually absent amongst mature asci.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Asci</emphasis>
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floating free at maturity, (68-)79-97(-110)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(10.5-)12.5-16.5(-21)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(n = 114), narrowly clavate, fusoid, oblong to nearly ellipsoid, with an apical ring staining in Congo Red but invisible or indistinct in the strongly thickened apex in 3% potassium hydroxide (KOH), containing 8 biseriate ascospores.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Ascospores</emphasis>
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(14.5-)16-21(-25.3)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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(4.7-)6-7.8(-9)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, l/w (1.9-)2.3-3.2(-4.8) (n = 198), hyaline, ellipsoid, clavate or inequilaterally fusoid, bicellular with upper cell usually slightly wider, slightly or strongly constricted at the median septum, thick-walled, multiguttulate or with one large and several small guttules when fresh, with a filiform, tapering and acute, less commonly short and stout rounded, triangular or truncate appendage (2.5-)4.7-10(-24.3)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1.7-)2.3-3(- 4)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, l/w (1-)1.8-3.8(-8.4) (n = 224) at one or both ends; in 3% KOH, appendages invisible and cells tending to be more equal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Asexual morph</emphasis>
|
||
acervular, often conspicuous due to thick black conidial masses, first subperidermal, after ejection forming deposits 0.5-3.6 mm diam., sometimes confluent from 2-3 conidiomata and then up to 5 mm long, projecting to 0.5 mm.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Conidiomata</emphasis>
|
||
scattered, gregarious, sometimes confluent, pulvinate to conical, (0.6-) 0.8-2.5 mm diam., consisting of a superficial, ca. 0.2-1.3 mm wide, flat, white to yellowish, slightly projecting disc becoming concealed by dark brown to black conidial deposits, a whitish to yellowish, when old orange-brown, compact, more or less pseudoparenchymatous base, in the centre arising as central column with circular to longish outline and sometimes wavy margin, surrounded by conidiophores and black conidial chambers.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Conidiophores</emphasis>
|
||
emerging radially from the pseudoparenchymatous base and column surface, filiform, to ca. 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, branching 1-3 times from their bases producing whorls of conidiogenous cells.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Conidiogenous cells</emphasis>
|
||
(10-)12-43
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2-4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, annellidic, more or less cylindrical, hyaline, turning brown with age, forming more or less simultaneously two types of conidia on top.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Conidia</emphasis>
|
||
dimorphic,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="α-">α-</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">conidia</emphasis>
|
||
(9-)10.5-12.2(-14)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(4.8-) 6.8-8(-9)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, l/w (1.2-)1.4-1.7(-2.4) (n = 301), dark brown, more or less cuboid or subglobose and often with pinched sides or oval, oblong to broadly ellipsoid, with a diffuse or more or less well-defined, paler to subhyaline median area or stripe;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="β-conidia">β-conidia</normalizedToken>
|
||
produced in small numbers, (5.3-)7.3-10.3(-11.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2-)2.5-3.2(-3.7)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, l/w (2-)2.6-3.9(-4.7) (n = 38), oblong, mostly straight, hyaline to subhyaline, turning dilute brownish with age, containing few minute guttules, with a distinct basal abscission scar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Culture</emphasis>
|
||
: Colony on CMD at 16 °C first hyaline, turning yellowish-brown from the centre, becoming covered by flocks of white aerial hyphae and conidiomata forming around the centre or colony irregular, with limited growth, turning green to black due to conidiomata; on MEA first hyaline, circular, with short aerial hyphae, forming concentric zones, the outer white, the inner turning brown, black conidiomata forming between the zones, margin becoming diffuse and the entire colony turning brown. Odour indistinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in Europe on dead twigs and branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. incana" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A. incana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mainly at lower elevations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Austria,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kärnten">Kaernten</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Eisenkappel, Bad Vellach, Vellacher Kotschna, grid square 9653/1, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus incana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 7 Sep 1998, W. Jaklitsch W.J. 1194 (WU 31887); St. Margareten im Rosental, village area, at the brook Tumpfi, grid square 9452/4, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 18 Jul 1994, W. Jaklitsch W.J. 148 (WU 31885); Trieblach, Drau-Auen, near Kucher, grid square 9452/2, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus incana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 7 Aug 1994, W. Jaklitsch W.J. 178 (WU 31886);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niederösterreich">Niederoesterreich</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Michelbach,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mayerhöfen">Mayerhoefen</normalizedToken>
|
||
, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 18 Jun 2011, H. Voglmayr (WU 31882, culture CBS 131693 = MAMI). FRANCE, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Trigance SE Castellane, at the river Jabron ca. 500 m elev. before entering the Verdon river, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus incana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 4 Aug 2011, H. Voglmayr (WU 31884; culture MAIV);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ariége-Rimont">Ariege-Rimont</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Peyrau, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, soc.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Diaporthaceae" genus="Diplodia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Diplodia" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diplodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., 26 Jul 2010, J. Fournier J.F. 10104 (WU 37043); Hauts-de-Seine, Chaville, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 11 Oct 1852, Tulasne (PC 0723589, PC 0723596); Meudon, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 13 May 1856, Tulasne (PC 0723593); Oise, Pierrefonds, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 30 Jul 1857, Tulasne (PC 0723590, PC 0723591); Yvelines, Viroflay, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, July 1860, Tulasne (PC 0723594, PC 0723595); no collection data, Tulasne (PC 0723588). POLAND, S Kuligi,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Biebrzański">Biebrzanski</normalizedToken>
|
||
Park Narodowy, on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 28 Jul 2015, H. Voglmayr (WU 37042, culture D156).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by Tulasne from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1856 after a presentation of the topic in April 1856.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tulasne, LR" journalOrPublisher="Contributii Botanice Cluj" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B49" refString="Tulasne, LR, Tulasne, C, 1863. Selecta Fungorum Carpologia: Xylariei-Valsei-Sphaeriei. 2. Imperial Typograph, Paris." title="Selecta Fungorum Carpologia: Xylariei-Valsei-Sphaeriei. 2. Imperial Typograph, Paris." year="1863">Tulasne and Tulasne (1863)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
validated the name in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 115" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, illustrated ascospores with typical long acute appendages and mentioned material from Meudon and Chaville. In PC, nine specimens of Tulasne are extant in the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
folder; three of them were collected after its description in 1856 and, for one, no collection data are available. PC 0723590, PC 0723591, PC 0723593, PC 0723594 and PC 0723595 were collected after the publication date. PC 0723588 (no data) and PC 0723589, PC 0723596 from 1852 only contain asexual morph, but in the protologue, the sexual morph is also described. Therefore, we select PC 0723592, which also contains few pseudostromata of the sexual morph, as the lectotype. In PC 0723592 and PC 0723595, both
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="α-">α-</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="β-conidia">β-conidia</normalizedToken>
|
||
are present. Generally,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="β-conidia">β-conidia</normalizedToken>
|
||
are inconspicuous and produced in small numbers, i.e. they are easily overlooked. Asci in old herbarium material are shrunk and difficult to rehydrate, therefore significantly smaller than those of fresh material. In KOH, the ascus apex becomes very thick and the ring disappears; also ascospore appendages disappear in KOH.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tulasne, LR" journalOrPublisher="Contributii Botanice Cluj" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B49" refString="Tulasne, LR, Tulasne, C, 1863. Selecta Fungorum Carpologia: Xylariei-Valsei-Sphaeriei. 2. Imperial Typograph, Paris." title="Selecta Fungorum Carpologia: Xylariei-Valsei-Sphaeriei. 2. Imperial Typograph, Paris." year="1863">Tulasne and Tulasne (1863)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wehmeyer, LE" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Studies, Scientific Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 161" refId="B64" refString="Wehmeyer, LE, 1941. A Revision of Melanconis, Pseudovalsa, Prosthecium, and Titania. University of Michigan Studies, Scientific Series 14: 1 - 161" title="A Revision of Melanconis, Pseudovalsa, Prosthecium, and Titania." volume="14" year="1941">Wehmeyer (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed the following asexual morph names, amongst others, as linked to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Gnomoniaceae" genus="Stilbospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Stilbospora microsperma" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="microsperma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Stilbospora microsperma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pers. Material with this name is not accessible in L;
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium sphaeroideum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sphaeroideum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium sphaeroideum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Link, HF" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Government Forest Experimental Station Meguro" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B25" refString="Link, HF, 1825. Melanconium. In: Willdenow CF (Ed.) Caroli a Linné Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, editio 4, 6(2): 89-93." title="Melanconium. In: Willdenow CF (Ed.) Caroli a Linne ́ Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, editio 4, 6 (2): 89 - 93." year="1825">Link (1825)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is more generally given as the name of the asexual morph.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" author="Sieber, TN" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="2170 - 2176" refId="B39" refString="Sieber, TN, Sieber-Canavesi, F, Petrini, O, Ekramoddoullah, AKM, Dorworth, CE, 1991. Characterization of Canadian and European Melanconium from some Alnus species by morphological, cultural and biochemical studies. Canadian Journal of Botany 69: 2170 - 2176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" title="Characterization of Canadian and European Melanconium from some Alnus species by morphological, cultural and biochemical studies." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" volume="69" year="1991">Sieber et al. (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used another name described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Link, HF" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Government Forest Experimental Station Meguro" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B25" refString="Link, HF, 1825. Melanconium. In: Willdenow CF (Ed.) Caroli a Linné Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, editio 4, 6(2): 89-93." title="Melanconium. In: Willdenow CF (Ed.) Caroli a Linne ́ Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, editio 4, 6 (2): 89 - 93." year="1825">Link (1825)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1825" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium apiocarpum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="apiocarpum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium apiocarpum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for the asexual morph of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Link´s">Link's</normalizedToken>
|
||
type material of these taxa is not extant in B, we are unable to draw a conclusion about their identity; in addition, the descriptions in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Link, HF" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Government Forest Experimental Station Meguro" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B25" refString="Link, HF, 1825. Melanconium. In: Willdenow CF (Ed.) Caroli a Linné Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, editio 4, 6(2): 89-93." title="Melanconium. In: Willdenow CF (Ed.) Caroli a Linne ́ Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, editio 4, 6 (2): 89 - 93." year="1825">Link (1825)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are vague and he gave no hosts. Therefore, we continue to use the name
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is generally well-known. Type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1809" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium atrum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="atrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium atrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Link, the generic type of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1809" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from Germany (K(M) 171588, slide from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1809" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium atrum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="atrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium atrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type material from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Persoon´s">Persoon's</normalizedToken>
|
||
herbarium) has conidia of the same shape, size and lighter median band (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Melanconis alni. Asexual morph a, b conidiomata in face view c conidioma in cross section d conidioma in vertical section e-i conidiophores and conidiogenous cells j-p α-conidia q-t β-conidia a, f WU 31885 = W. J. 148 b-d, h, m, q, s epitype WU 31884 = MAIV e, i PC 0723596 g, j, k lectotype PC 0723592 l, r WU 37043 = J. F. 10104 n, t PC 0723595 o WU 31886 = W. J. 178 p M. atrum isotype K (M) 171588 e-o, q-t in 3 % KOH. Scale bars: 300 µm (a-d), 10 µm (e), 7 µm (f-i), 5 µm (j-t)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.63.49054.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/384814" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">4p</figureCitation>
|
||
) and may thus be conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it was described from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus sylvatica" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvatica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fagus sylvatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sutton, BC" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="193 - 198" refId="B44" refString="Sutton, BC, 1964. Melanconium Link ex Fries. Persoonia 3: 193 - 198" title="Melanconium Link ex Fries." volume="3" year="1964">Sutton (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Link had sent his material to Persoon, because in the herbarium of the latter 3 specimens labelled
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. atrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="atrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. atrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were extant. The host of one of these materials was identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on bark structure. This specimen was selected as lectotype. The slide K(M) 171588 (= IMI 102914) was prepared from the lectotype and is thus an isotype. Accordingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1809" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium atrum" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="atrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium atrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a different species, despite its morphological similarity with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because the latter only occurs on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. We have not seen any
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1809" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80210-9" author="Petrini, O" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the British Mycological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="233 - 238" refId="B33" refString="Petrini, O, Fisher, PJ, 1988. A comparative study of fungal endophytes in xylem and whole stem of Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 91: 233 - 238, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80210-9" title="A comparative study of fungal endophytes in xylem and whole stem of Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(88)80210-9" volume="91" year="1988">Petrini and Fisher (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" author="Sieber, TN" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="2170 - 2176" refId="B39" refString="Sieber, TN, Sieber-Canavesi, F, Petrini, O, Ekramoddoullah, AKM, Dorworth, CE, 1991. Characterization of Canadian and European Melanconium from some Alnus species by morphological, cultural and biochemical studies. Canadian Journal of Botany 69: 2170 - 2176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" title="Characterization of Canadian and European Melanconium from some Alnus species by morphological, cultural and biochemical studies." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" volume="69" year="1991">Sieber et al. (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kowalski, T" journalOrPublisher="Sydowia" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="137 - 168" refId="B26" refString="Kowalski, T, Kehr, RD, 1992. Endophytic fungal colonization of branch bases in several forest tree species. Sydowia 44: 137 - 168" title="Endophytic fungal colonization of branch bases in several forest tree species." volume="44" year="1992">Kowalski and Kehr (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported and isolated
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. atrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="atrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. atrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an endophyte of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="α-conidia">α-conidia</normalizedToken>
|
||
of isolates from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus sylvatica" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvatica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fagus sylvatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus robur" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Quercus robur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" author="Sieber, TN" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="2170 - 2176" refId="B39" refString="Sieber, TN, Sieber-Canavesi, F, Petrini, O, Ekramoddoullah, AKM, Dorworth, CE, 1991. Characterization of Canadian and European Melanconium from some Alnus species by morphological, cultural and biochemical studies. Canadian Journal of Botany 69: 2170 - 2176, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" title="Characterization of Canadian and European Melanconium from some Alnus species by morphological, cultural and biochemical studies." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/b91-272" volume="69" year="1991">Sieber et al. (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported mean sizes of 11.7-12
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
8.5-8.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which were similar to those from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(on average, 10.1-12.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.9-7.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
). However, the protein profiles revealed by isozyme electrophoresis differed markedly between the isolates from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and those from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, confirming them to represent distinct species that may not even be congeneric. Another fact may support the presence of morphologically similar but rare taxa on
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as, for example,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconium gourdaeforme" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="gourdaeforme">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconium gourdaeforme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with similar conidia was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kobayashi, T" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 11" refId="B23" refString="Kobayashi, T, 1968. Notes on Japanese species of the genus Melanconium. Transactions of the Mycological Society of Japan 9: 1 - 11" title="Notes on Japanese species of the genus Melanconium." volume="9" year="1968">Kobayashi (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanea" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Castanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A narrow light band is also characteristic for conidia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Voglmayr & Jaklitsch" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Dearn." class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconiella ostryae" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ostryae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconiella ostryae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0175-8" author="Voglmayr, H" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Diversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 44" refId="B60" refString="Voglmayr, H, Rossman, AY, Castlebury, LA, Jaklitsch, WM, 2012. Multigene phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Melanconiella (Diaporthales). Fungal Diversity 57: 1 - 44, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0175-8" title="Multigene phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Melanconiella (Diaporthales)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0175-8" volume="57" year="2012">Voglmayr et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Ascospore appendages of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 122" authorityYear="1863" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Melanconidaceae" genus="Melanconis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Melanconis alni" order="Diaporthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Melanconis alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may sometimes be similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. marginalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="marginalis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. marginalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at least in fractions, although truncate appendages in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. alni" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="alni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">M. alni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rather a consequence of microscopic mount preparation. On
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Alnus incana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both species occur, therefore the asexual morph should be sought for to reliably identify the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |