204 lines
16 KiB
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204 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9602278-08da-4939-93dd-c27411b58799" ID-PMC="PMC3800804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-330-27" ID-PubMed="24146554" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-330-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 330" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners" checkinTime="1451246967179" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hershler, Robert, Liu, Hsiu-Ping & Bradford, Corbin" docDate="2013" docId="E47F09B65E7F3A1BF2E67433B2383996" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 330: 27-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 330" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852" docTitle="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix Hershler 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="0D16A727FFC8FFB1FFC7FFA2FFDEFFA5" masterDocTitle="Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1668156417481" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hershler, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Hsiu-Ping</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bradford, Corbin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>330</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>52</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-330-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E47F09B65E7F3A1BF2E67433B2383996" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E47F09B65E7F3A1BF2E67433B2383996" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Pyrgulopsis_turbatrix" authority="Hershler, 1998" authorityName="Hershler" authorityYear="1998" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix Hershler, 1998</taxonomicName>
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Figs 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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, 9
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix</taxonomicName>
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Hershler, 1998: 50, figs. 6K, 18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
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, 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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(Horseshutem Springs, Pahrump Valley, Nye County, Nevada).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Hershler, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" pagination="176 - 248" title="Springsnails (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) of Owens and Amargosa River (exclusive of Ash Meadows) drainages, Death Valley system, California-Nevada." volume="102" year="1989">Hershler 1989</bibRefCitation>
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(in part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Hershler, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" pagination="279 - 299" title="A new Pyrgulopsis (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) from southeastern California, with a model for historical development of the Death Valley hydrographic system." volume="103" year="1990">Hershler and Pratt 1990</bibRefCitation>
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(in part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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clade D. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Liu, H-P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" pagination="2771 - 2782" title="Mitochondrial DNA sequences reveal extensive cryptic diversity within a western American springsnail." url="10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01949.x" volume="12" year="2003">Liu et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="40" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">Holotype, USNM 883978; paratypes, USNM 860699 (from same lot).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="13" pageNumber="40" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="40">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="13" pageNumber="40">
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CALIFORNIA.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="41" start="start">Inyo</pageBreakToken>
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County: USNM 853508, USNM 883373, Hanaupah Spring, Hanaupah Canyon, Death Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.18684">36.18684°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.02537">117.02537°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 853512, spring above Darwin Falls, Panamint Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.31783">36.31783°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-115.527">115.52700°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 857969, stream below Darwin Falls, Panamint Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.32033">36.32033°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.51917">117.51917°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 857968, Saline Marsh, Saline Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.6935">36.69350°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-117.83033">117.83033°W</geoCoordinate>
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). San Bernardino County: SBMNH uncat., roadside spring between north shore highway and Big Bear Lake at point 1.2 km east of road which crosses lake, Southern California coastal drainage (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="34.26424">34.26424°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.87497">116.87497°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 860450, spring southwest of Big Bear Ranger Station, southern California coastal drainage (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="34.26281">34.26281°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.90185">116.90185°W</geoCoordinate>
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). NEVADA. Clark County: USNM 883551, Willow Spring, Indian Springs Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.417">36.41700°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-115.76419">115.76419°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 883981, La Madre Spring, Las Vegas Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.18381">36.18381°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-115.50638">115.50638°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 1002785, Harris Spring, Las Vegas Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.24071">36.24071°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-115.54351">115.54351°W</geoCoordinate>
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). Nye County: USNM 854967, Wood Canyon Spring, Pahrump Valley (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.39924">36.39924°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-115.93258">115.93258°W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="revised diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">Revised diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">A medium-sized congener (maximum shell height, 3.7 mm) having an ovate to narrow-conic shell. Differentiated from similar regional species by the combination of its relatively large, narrow shell; elongate penial filament; and small size of the terminal gland on penis.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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Shell (Fig. 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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) ovate to narrow conic, rarely broadly conic, whorls 4.25-5.25. Teleoconch whorls strongly convex, shouldered. Aperture ovate, parietal lip complete, usually slightly disjunct, last 0.25 whorl sometimes loosened behind body whorl, umbilicus narrow. Outer lip thin, prosocline.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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Figure 9. Shells, opercula and radula,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix</taxonomicName>
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. A Paratype, USNM 860699.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
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Shells, SBMNH uncat., USNM 853508, USNM 853510 E, F Opercula (outer, inner sides), USNM 860699 G Portion of radular ribbon, USNM 860699 H Central teeth, USNM 860699 I Lateral and outer marginal teeth, USNM 860699. Scale bars
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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1.0 mm; E, F 250
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; G 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; H, I 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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Operculum (Fig. 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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) as for genus; edges of last 0.5 whorl frilled on outer side; muscle attachment margins slightly thickened on inner side. Radula (Fig. 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
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) as for genus; dorsal edge of central teeth moderately to highly concave, lateral cusps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="three–seven">three-seven</normalizedToken>
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, basal cusps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="one–two">one-two</normalizedToken>
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. Lateral teeth having
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<normalizedToken originalValue="two–six">two-six</normalizedToken>
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cusps on inner sides and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="three–six">three-six</normalizedToken>
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cusps on outer sides. Inner marginal teeth with 14-31 cusps, outer marginal teeth with 15-33 cusps. Radula data are from USNM 857968, USNM 860450, USNM 860699, USNM 883373.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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Penis (Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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) medium-sized; filament long, narrow, tapering, oblique; lobe medium-sized, tapering, slightly oblique; ventral surface of lobe having a small (terminal) gland (199/200 specimens) and rarely one or two additional glandular dots (3 specimens), dorsal surface sometimes having a small (penial) gland at base of filament (24/200 specimens) and rarely having an additional glandular dot (one specimen). Penial data are from USNM 854967, USNM 857969, USNM 860450, USNM 860699, USNM 883373, USNM 883981, USNM 1002785.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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Spring Mountains region (Frenchman Flat; Indian Springs, Las Vegas, Pahrump Valleys [
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix</taxonomicName>
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]), San Bernardino Mountains (Mojave, Southern California Coastal drainages [M19, M20, M21]), central Death Valley region (Amargosa River drainage, Panamint and Saline Valleys [M9-M22, M24, M27, M28]). The populations from the latter two areas were previously assigned to
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="41" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="41">
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The penial gland was not observed in>25% of the males in any of the seven samples that we studied and consequently has been removed from the diagnosis. The three geographically separated subunits of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="14" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix</taxonomicName>
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are somewhat diverged genetically-e.g., mean sequence divergence is 0.9+/-0.2% (ranging from 1.1-1.5%) for COI and 0.9+/-0.2% (ranging from 1.1-1.3%) for NDI, but we have not found any consistent morphological differences among them.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |