178 lines
18 KiB
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178 lines
18 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1150-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" ID-ZooBank="A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1150-1" checkinTime="1677664009133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2023" docId="A7DB9A1F278A52BABB42890D4B4952AF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1150: 1-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1150" docPubDate="2023-02-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" docTitle="Karaops dawara Crews & Harvey 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" masterDocTitle="But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1677664009133" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6236</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">screwsemail@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1150</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>189</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1150-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A7DB9A1F278A52BABB42890D4B4952AF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A7DB9A1F278A52BABB42890D4B4952AF" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3R2LZ" LSID="A7DB9A1F-278A-52BA-BB42-890D4B4952AF" authority="Crews & Harvey, 2011" authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">Karaops dawara Crews & Harvey, 2011</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 11. Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov. and Karaops dawara from the Karaops dawara species group A Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., holotype, Baruwei Walk, Nitmiluk National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1333, MAGNT A 004906) B Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov. C Karaops dawara, female holotype, Kakadu National Park, Kapalga, Northern Territory (WAM T 54998) D Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., holotype, (sel _ 1333, MAGNT A 004906) E Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., arrows indicate orange and black spines (sel _ 1334, MAGNT A 004890). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816395" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 5" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Map 5. Species of the Karaops dawara species group; green = Karaops yumbu, pink = Karaops dawara, blue = Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., purple = juvenile from Cutta Cutta Cave, orange = juvenile from Wongalara Wildlife Sanctuary, red = Karaops jawayway sp. nov. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816396" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">Karaops dawara</taxonomicName>
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Crews & Harvey, 2011: 81, figs 79, 80 (♀, examined).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new record">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New record.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Northern Territory • 1 imm.; Kakadu National Park, Kapalga, north side of site E;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="38.038" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.633966">12°38.038'S</geoCoordinate>
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, 132°23.122"E; 18 Jan. 2009; S. Crews, G. Brown leg.; (WAM T97230).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 11. Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov. and Karaops dawara from the Karaops dawara species group A Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., holotype, Baruwei Walk, Nitmiluk National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1333, MAGNT A 004906) B Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov. C Karaops dawara, female holotype, Kakadu National Park, Kapalga, Northern Territory (WAM T 54998) D Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., holotype, (sel _ 1333, MAGNT A 004906) E Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., arrows indicate orange and black spines (sel _ 1334, MAGNT A 004890). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816395" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
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) can be differentiated from other members of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group by the endogyne. The distance between turns of the copulatory ducts is longer, the ducts in general are more horizontal and thinner, and the turns are much tighter. The accessory bulbs are also more easily seen in this species as they occur at the end of the ducts (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 80).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816395" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F15">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops nitmiluk" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitmiluk">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops nitmiluk</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops nitmiluk" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitmiluk">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops nitmiluk</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., holotype, Baruwei Walk, Nitmiluk National Park, Northern Territory (sel_1333, MAGNT A004906)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops nitmiluk" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitmiluk">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops nitmiluk</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, female holotype, Kakadu National Park, Kapalga, Northern Territory (WAM T54998)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops nitmiluk" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitmiluk">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops nitmiluk</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., holotype, (sel_1333, MAGNT A004906)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops nitmiluk" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitmiluk">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops nitmiluk</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., arrows indicate orange and black spines (sel_1334, MAGNT A004890). Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The description of the female can be found in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species has been found at the northern part of the Top End, Northern Territory.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Females have been collected in November and January. In both months temperatures are at their highest, though they do not differ much throughout the year. The former is going into the wet season, and the latter is one of the wettest months of the year.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs in the Darwin Coastal region and subregion. The generally low area is drained by many large rivers and comprises forests of eucalypts with grasses (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 102) (Suppl. material 2: table S1). This species has been collected beneath wood/logs on the ground and beneath rocks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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No collections of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops dawara" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 11. Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov. and Karaops dawara from the Karaops dawara species group A Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., holotype, Baruwei Walk, Nitmiluk National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1333, MAGNT A 004906) B Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov. C Karaops dawara, female holotype, Kakadu National Park, Kapalga, Northern Territory (WAM T 54998) D Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., holotype, (sel _ 1333, MAGNT A 004906) E Karaops nitmiluk sp. nov., arrows indicate orange and black spines (sel _ 1334, MAGNT A 004890). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816395" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
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) have been made since 2009, thus the male remains unknown. In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. nitmiluk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nitmiluk">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. nitmiluk</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., there is a lot of genitalic variation (see below). There are only two female specimens of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. dawara" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dawara">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. dawara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. When more specimens are found, there may be a lot of variation in this species, and diagnoses will need to be emended.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |