211 lines
27 KiB
XML
211 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="4E893D1152544C4D85B299DBEEB3FB4E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.190995" ID-GBIF-Dataset="56e001e0-0476-4a4c-ad55-7c610deac4e0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="190995" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461122538263" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schmitz, Patrick & Rubinoff, Daniel" docDate="2009" docId="03A487C23130FFF8FF25F9682FAAFE4F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02272p053.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2272" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hyposmocoma opuumaloo Schmitz and Rubinoff, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FF9DFFBA3136FFF0FFB2FFCA2E26FFD5" masterDocTitle="New species of Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) from the remote Northwestern Hawaiian Islands of Laysan, Necker, and Nihoa" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698596186386" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3C72DC52163985C8969C42D972B0A42D">
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<mods:title id="8DD00AE5079B30266F095C57AD808070">New species of Hyposmocoma (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) from the remote Northwestern Hawaiian Islands of Laysan, Necker, and Nihoa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6B6483ABD26B4D6E4E6A268E86A61FD7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E7DE80EFBB9CE32B7B6AB29EE6AAC5F9">Schmitz, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="AA534220DC80C8B3D4D55BF559112444" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CF4F3004D8F4AE42C5272DCC1A89537E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="72EA0425AD7B3AF885CA88ABE1B21628">Rubinoff, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8175F80B85496AD93D75F4E7DC0F87FC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="42E74F2CA3B91B62887D7A0589F0B688">
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<mods:title id="4EAECC49425BF23291FC8BEA78817C9E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0F87031BB8674049849C14EF8F893376">
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<mods:date id="9C3F95072BE6A9C11F18B46D93F60E83">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CBA42966F51D330DD39C56526D350B5E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="BB2C5E7E5500FA9A96427567B53C5ED5">2272</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="55B08FF7729F85C9C833817C8D7CA0CF">53</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="CE84A41BED1F9A29927E5AEC10A9BCDB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.190995</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6219634D5C9BF765279730632FB59F29" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FA33BF791794DB135A6B80E018ADDE15" type="Zenodo-Dep">190995</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A487C23130FFF8FF25F9682FAAFE4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6214805" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119625830" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6214805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A487C23130FFF8FF25F9682FAAFE4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A487C23130FFF8FF25F9682FAAFE4F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C317655F3130FFF6FF25F9682A7CF969" box="[151,1114,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB236D43130FFF6FF25F9682A7CF969" blockId="6.[151,1114,1698,1724]" box="[151,1114,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0FA81B83130FFF6FF25F9682A7CF969" bold="true" box="[151,1114,1698,1724]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63130FFF6FF25F9682A7CF969" bold="true" box="[151,1114,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573130FFF6FF25F9682CD0F969" authority="Schmitz and Rubinoff" authorityName="Schmitz and Rubinoff" box="[151,758,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuumaloo" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63130FFF6FF25F9682FFCF969" bold="true" box="[151,474,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Hyposmocoma opuumaloo</emphasis>
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Schmitz and Rubinoff
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24A57BD3130FFF6FCB1F9682D46F969" box="[771,864,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="13362A513130FFF6FCDAF9682D9CF969" box="[872,954,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1525,1549]" captionTargetBox="[222,1354,186,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,177,1507]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Holotypes of Hyposmocoma spp., adult males. 1. H. laysanensis; 2. H. ekemamao; 3. H. opuumaloo; 4. H. mokumana; 5. H. nihoa; 6. H. kikokolu; 7. H. menehune; 8. H. papahanau." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190996/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A513130FFF6FC7AF9682DFEF969" box="[968,984,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1487,1511]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,537,1469]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1374,530,1478]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Case types of Hyposmocoma spp., larvae. 9. Cone case type of H. opuumaloo; 10. Purse case type of H. mokumana; 11. Burrito case type of H. nihoa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190997/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A513130FFF6FC57F9682A25F969" box="[997,1027,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1678,1702]" captionText="FIGURE 14. Male genitalia of Hyposmocoma opuumaloo from specimen on slide PS 132. A. Tegumen, ventral aspect; B. Sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, ventral aspect; C. Valvae with phallus, ventral aspect." pageId="6" pageNumber="43">14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A513130FFF6FBA3F9682A16F969" box="[1041,1072,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 26" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1438,1462]" captionTargetBox="[282,1308,217,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[234,1353,194,1414]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 26. Female genitalia of Hyposmocoma spp., ventral aspect 20. H. laysanensis (slide PS 124); 21. H. ekemamao (slide PS 139); 22. H. opuumaloo (slide PS 134); 23. H. mokumana (slide PS 126); 24. H. nihoa (slide PS 133); 25. H. kikokolu (slide PS 127); 26. H. menehune (slide PS 136)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191002/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A513130FFF6FB8FF9682A7CF969" box="[1085,1114,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 28" captionStartId="14.[151,269,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[183,1285,1598,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,1585,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 28. Paratypes of Hyposmocoma spp., adult females. 27. H. ekemamao; 28. H. opuumaloo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191003/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">28</figureCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C317655F3130FFF6FF25F9212FC6F812" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB236D43130FFF6FF25F9212FC6F812" blockId="6.[151,1437,1771,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63130FFF6FF25F9212C29F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,527,1771,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
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Material examined.
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<typeStatus id="54B688763130FFF6FE28F9212C29F8D0" box="[410,527,1771,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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ɗ (dissected, slide PS132): [1] ‘H[
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<collectionCode id="ED1CAE113130FFF6FC07F9262A29F8D3" box="[949,1039,1772,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">AWAI</collectionCode>
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]I: Necker, Flagpole Hill | “cone” case,
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<date id="FFB310143130FFF6FF50F8D82F12F8F9" box="[226,308,1810,1836]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="1923-06">VI-23</date>
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-[20]07 | em[ergence].
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<date id="FFB310143130FFF6FDD1F8D82CE9F8F9" box="[611,719,1810,1836]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="1920-08">VIII-20</date>
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-[20]07, #DR07F
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<date id="FFB310143130FFF6FC1DF8D82DE0F8F9" box="[943,966,1810,1836]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">3I</date>
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63130FFF6FC53F8D92A11F8F9" box="[993,1079,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">leg[it]</emphasis>
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. C[indy]. Rehkemper’; [2] ‘
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<typeStatus id="54B688763130FFF6FF29F8F32F1AF886" box="[155,316,1849,1875]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573130FFF6FEE0F8F32C25F886" box="[338,515,1849,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hyposmocoma</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573130FFF6FDABF8F32CBBF886" box="[537,669,1849,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuumaloo">opuumaloo</taxonomicName>
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| Schmitz and Rubinoff’. Specimen in good condition except for broken antennae and left labial palpus. Deposited in the
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<collectionCode id="ED1CAE113130FFF6FC97F8AA2D51F8AF" box="[805,887,1888,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">UHIM</collectionCode>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54B688763130FFF6FC33F8952DD8F8AC" box="[897,1022,1887,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63130FFF6FC33F8952DD8F8AC" bold="true" box="[897,1022,1887,1913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Paratypes</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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: 2 Ψ (dissected, slide PS134), from Necker Island, Hawaii,
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<collectingCountry id="F31A76443130FFF6FE00F84C2FD6F875" box="[434,496,1926,1952]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">USA</collectingCountry>
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, with same data as
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<typeStatus id="54B688763130FFF6FD6BF84C2D67F875" box="[729,833,1926,1952]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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except date of emergence:
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<date id="FFB310143130FFF6FB3BF84C2ACEF875" box="[1161,1256,1926,1952]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="1916-08">VIII-16</date>
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-[20]
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<date id="FFB310143130FFF6FAADF84C2BB2F875" box="[1311,1428,1926,1952]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" value="2007-09-13">07, IX-13</date>
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- 0 4. Deposited in the
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<collectionCode id="ED1CAE113130FFF6FE38F8672FFAF812" box="[394,476,1965,1991]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">UHIM</collectionCode>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C317655F3131FFF7FF74FF5D2C0CFE99" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF74FF5D2C0CFE99" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF74FF5D2F60FF64" bold="true" box="[198,326,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FEFCFF522FD1FF64" box="[334,503,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuumaloo">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FEFCFF522FD1FF64" box="[334,503,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">H. opuumaloo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is somewhat similar in wing pattern to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FC7DFF522A5EFF64" box="[975,1144,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papahanau">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FC7DFF522A5EFF64" box="[975,1144,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">H. papahanau</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The two species can be easily separated by the presence in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FD85FF752CC6FF0D" box="[567,736,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuumaloo">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FD85FF752CC6FF0D" box="[567,736,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">H. opuumaloo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of a cream area on the inner margin of the forewings and a patch of dark-brown scales at the base of the hindwings. Also, males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FC46FF2F2AB8FF2B" box="[1012,1182,229,254]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuumaloo">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FC46FF2F2AB8FF2B" box="[1012,1182,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">H. opuumaloo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possess a sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII. Also,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FDDDFEC62D3FFEF0" box="[623,793,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opuumaloo">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FDDDFEC62D3FFEF0" box="[623,793,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">H. opuumaloo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is endemic to the island of Necker and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FB46FEC62BA6FEF0" box="[1268,1408,268,293]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paphana">
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<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FB46FEC62BA6FEF0" box="[1268,1408,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">H. paphana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is found only on the island of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D573131FFF7FE68FEF82C00FE99" box="[474,550,306,332]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nihoa">Nihoa</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C317655F3131FFF7FF74FE922F65F8AB" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF74FE922A6FFC62" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
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||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF74FE922F8CFEA7" bold="true" box="[198,426,344,370]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Description. Male</emphasis>
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(n=1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A513131FFF7FDB8FE932C47FEA6" box="[522,609,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1525,1549]" captionTargetBox="[222,1354,186,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,177,1507]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Holotypes of Hyposmocoma spp., adult males. 1. H. laysanensis; 2. H. ekemamao; 3. H. opuumaloo; 4. H. mokumana; 5. H. nihoa; 6. H. kikokolu; 7. H. menehune; 8. H. papahanau." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190996/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13362A513131FFF7FDC0FE932CB5FEA6" box="[626,659,345,371]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1678,1702]" captionText="FIGURE 14. Male genitalia of Hyposmocoma opuumaloo from specimen on slide PS 132. A. Tegumen, ventral aspect; B. Sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, ventral aspect; C. Valvae with phallus, ventral aspect." pageId="7" pageNumber="44">14</figureCitation>
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||
). Wingspan
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(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688763131FFF7FC2DFE932A2AFEA6" box="[927,1036,345,371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Head mostly grayish-brown on occiput becoming off-white on vertex and frons. Base of haustellum with white scales. Maxillary palpus reduced. Recurved labial palpus grayish brown dorsally and off-white ventrally, with some sparse grayishbrown scales on second and third segment apically. Antennal flagellum dark brown, with off-white ring at apex on first flagellomere; scape dark brown with off-white scales ventrally and forming ring apically, antennal pecten made of five thin setae. Thorax and tegula dark brown; metascutellum pale beige. Foreleg coxa beige; femur dark brown; tibia and tarsomeres dark brown with off-white ring at middle and apex of tibia, and apex of tarsomeres I, II, and V. Midleg as foreleg, spurs off-white. Hindleg as midleg, but ground color more silver gray, with off-white rings at apex on tarsomeres I–V. Forewing grayish brown, with crescent-shaped band basally and costal margin slightly darker, cream area on inner half of forewing with some dark-brown-tipped off-white scales; dark-brown markings as a wavelike median patch along midline and somewhat fused with upper grayish-brown area, and postmedian spot separated from median patch by cream area; cream markings as notch subapically on costal margin and another opposite on inner margin. Hindwing gray with some dark-brown scales at base of inner margin; grayish-beige fringe. Subcostal brush absent. Abdomen dorsally pale beige; ventrally off-white, with tuft of long off-white scales on each side of genitalia. Sclerotized hook small with indistinct sclerotized ring on segment VII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF77FC092F5FFAC6" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF77FC092FA2FC08" bold="true" box="[197,388,963,989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(n=1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A513131FFF7FE56FC0E2C65FC0B" box="[484,579,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1678,1702]" captionText="FIGURE 14. Male genitalia of Hyposmocoma opuumaloo from specimen on slide PS 132. A. Tegumen, ventral aspect; B. Sclerotized hook on abdominal segment VII, ventral aspect; C. Valvae with phallus, ventral aspect." pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uncuslike processes with right process elongate, curved ventrally, apically pointed, adorned with small crest mediodorsally at 1/3 of length to apex, about
|
||
<date id="FFB310143131FFF7FB7AFC202AD0FBD1" box="[1224,1270,1002,1028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">4 X</date>
|
||
length of left process. Tegumen wide, heavily sclerotized along margins, dorsoventrally flattened. Valvae symmetrical, forming long and slender arms, as wide as long, bent upward at almost right angle medially, adorned with setae disposed comblike along dorsal margin, with three sclerotized spurlike setae sequentially longer distally on each valva, setae on left valva about 4–
|
||
<date id="FFB310143131FFF7FD2AFB4F2C83FB4A" box="[664,677,1157,1183]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">5</date>
|
||
X length of smaller setae on right valva. Phallus large, heavily sclerotized, slightly bent to right, blunt tipped, with large bulbous base; vesica without spines or cornuti. Anellus with two symmetrical lobes, thin, angled upward, adorned with small setae until apex, and without longer apical setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF77FAD52D11F9F7" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF77FAD52F07FAEC" bold="true" box="[197,289,1311,1337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(n=1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A513131FFF7FECFFAEA2FF1FAEF" box="[381,471,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 28" captionStartId="14.[151,269,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[183,1285,1598,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,1585,1948]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 28. Paratypes of Hyposmocoma spp., adult females. 27. H. ekemamao; 28. H. opuumaloo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191003/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B313131FFF7FDDEFAEA2CEAFAEF" box="[620,716,1312,1338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Frenulum with 3 acanthae. Head mostly with beige smooth scales. Forewing gray with brown-tipped scales dense enough apically to appear as brown patch; cream to offwhite area on inner half larger basally; with some scattered rusty-brown scales; dark-brown markings as crescent shaped band basally, another along 1/3 length of costal margin, a median patch undulating along midline and a postmedian spot separated from the median patch by cream area; rusty-brown markings as a notch subapically on costal margin and another opposite on inner margin, connected by a thin V-shaped subapical off-white line. Otherwise externally like males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF74F9E42BA6F8DF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF74F9E42FB2F99D" bold="true" box="[198,404,1582,1608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(n=1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A513131FFF7FE5FF9E42C60F99D" box="[493,582,1582,1608]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 26" captionStartId="14.[151,273,1438,1462]" captionTargetBox="[282,1308,217,1402]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[234,1353,194,1414]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 26. Female genitalia of Hyposmocoma spp., ventral aspect 20. H. laysanensis (slide PS 124); 21. H. ekemamao (slide PS 139); 22. H. opuumaloo (slide PS 134); 23. H. mokumana (slide PS 126); 24. H. nihoa (slide PS 133); 25. H. kikokolu (slide PS 127); 26. H. menehune (slide PS 136)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191002/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Papillae anales short. Apophyses thin and straight; posterior apophyses about 2.5 X length of anterior apophyses. Ostium bursae heavily sclerotized and very large, externally protruding, snailshell shaped curled to the left, with broad base. Ductus bursae long and of small girth. Corpus bursae oval and elongate, with light scobination; signum absent. Inception of ductus seminalis very enlarged, cylindrical, situated at posterior end of corpus bursae. Apical margin of tergum VIII with broad U-shaped emargination medially forming a bowl encompassing ostium with patches of dense scales situated laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF74F8DC2F65F8AB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF74F8DC2F71F8E5" bold="true" box="[198,343,1814,1840]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Larval case</emphasis>
|
||
(n=113) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13362A513131FFF7FE7CF8DC2C30F8E5" box="[462,534,1814,1840]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1487,1511]" captionTargetBox="[218,1368,537,1469]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1374,530,1478]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Case types of Hyposmocoma spp., larvae. 9. Cone case type of H. opuumaloo; 10. Purse case type of H. mokumana; 11. Burrito case type of H. nihoa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190997/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cone-shaped,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF59B313131FFF7FD64F8DC2D42F8E5" box="[726,868,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="6.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="6.9" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="6.7">6.7–7.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, small and thin, decorated with bits of sand woven with silk filaments; operculum decorated with small pebbles; case background color ranging from gray to brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C317655F3131FFF7FF74F8402F03F81E" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236D43131FFF7FF74F8402F03F81E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FF74F8402F75F871" bold="true" box="[198,339,1930,1956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
From the Hawaiian ō
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FDE7F8412CADF871" box="[597,651,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">pu’u</emphasis>
|
||
, cone, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC63131FFF7FCA6F8412D41F871" box="[788,871,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">malo’o</emphasis>
|
||
, dry, referring to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B688763131FFF7FBD6F8402AB1F871" box="[1124,1175,1930,1956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of case and habitat of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C317655F313EFFF8FF77FF5D2FAAFE4F" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB236D4313EFFF8FF77FF5D2FAAFE4F" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,410]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC6313EFFF8FF77FF5D2F0FFF64" bold="true" box="[197,297,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults were reared from case-making larvae. Larvae were collected on the ground during the day on the island of Necker in June. Most species of cone cased
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D4D57313EFFF8FC24FF752A68FF0D" box="[918,1102,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Hyposmocoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC6313EFFF8FC24FF752A68FF0D" box="[918,1102,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Hyposmocoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the younger and higher Hawaiian Islands are aquatic (Rubinoff 2008), making the dry habitat of this species unusual.
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC6313EFFF8FF77FEC12F43FEF0" bold="true" box="[197,357,267,293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the NWHI of Necker where it is presumed to be endemic.
|
||
<emphasis id="B979EAC6313EFFF8FF77FEF82F64FE99" bold="true" box="[197,322,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species may represent the new species 28 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C4B25313EFFF8FC02FEF82AB9FE99" author="Zimmerman" box="[944,1183,306,332]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978) Microlepidoptera. In: Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. The University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
collected on Necker Island based on characters like absence of subcostal brush, presence of sclerotized hook, male genitalia, and thornlike larval case.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |