315 lines
36 KiB
XML
315 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="EFEF50985CCB7DEB6FF150AD953793E1" ID-CLB-Dataset="45345" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.209953" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca93abd5-12f7-438f-b415-a16148a32bde" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="209953" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460446287721" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Murphy, John C., Voris, Harold K., Traub, Joshua & Cumberbatch, Christina" docDate="2012" docId="C2337B59FFF4FFE7DC9144C0FDA9B3AB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03208p026.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3208" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Homalopsis semizonata Blyth 1855" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="3E0A0321FFE5FFF4DC064577FFE4B061" masterDocTitle="The masked water snakes of the genus Homalopsis Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1822 (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698333401845" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E217D20C772F0CB80FD270687976537E">The masked water snakes of the genus Homalopsis Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1822 (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7D364733A85024068E612160F87A594D">Murphy, John C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D1CD68E97B2D3D50A6A639D6269A3B54">Voris, Harold K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5D69421AE5873313FEE6EBAD419E26DB">Traub, Joshua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26C95C5987D3D877D08A7C5ADC18913C">Cumberbatch, Christina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E396AD2E4B95AEB15B23AE86345280AD">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C2337B59FFF4FFE7DC9144C0FDA9B3AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6169961" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6169961" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C2337B59FFF4FFE7DC9144C0FDA9B3AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2337B59FFF4FFE7DC9144C0FDA9B3AB" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="028099C4FFF4FFE5DC9144C0FED8B193" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC9144C0FDACB1B0" blockId="17.[151,584,439,498]" box="[151,584,439,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="116D7D23FFF4FFE5DC9144C0FDACB1B0" bold="true" box="[151,584,439,465]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DC9144C0FDACB1B0" authority="Blyth, 1855" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,584,439,465]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC9144C0FDACB1B0" bold="true" box="[151,584,439,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC9144C0FE50B1B0" bold="true" box="[151,436,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DDBA44C0FDACB1B0" author="Blyth" box="[444,584,439,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Blyth, E. (1855) Collections presented by Capt. Beddome and Mr. Theobald. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 24, 187." type="journal article" year="1855">Blyth, 1855</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC9144ADFED8B193" blockId="17.[151,584,439,498]" box="[151,316,474,498]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<figureCitation id="D2A1D6CAFFF4FFE5DC9144ADFF39B193" box="[151,221,474,498]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1861,1884]" captionTargetBox="[330,1281,207,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[284,1300,195,1825]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Plots of the principal components (PC) scores on the first two PC axes derived from 11 morphological variables (dorsal scale row counts on the forebody, midbody, posterior body; number of prefrontals, preoculars, postoculars, upper labials; upper labials under orbit; upper labials at loreal; loreal condition; ventral pattern) for 95 specimens of Homalopsis. The square with the central circle is H. hardwickii which associates with H. buccata in this analysis. Plot A compares H. buccata, H. mereljcoxi, and H. hardwickii; Plot B compares H. buccata, H. mereljcoxi, H. hardwickii, and H. semizonata; Plot C compares all five species: H. buccata, H. mereljcoxi, H. hardwickii, H. semizonata, and H. nigroventralis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209955/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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e, 8d, 10
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="028099C4FFF4FFE5DC914755FCD6B291" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC914755FE1DB236" blockId="17.[151,1436,546,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DC914755FDD8B259" authority="Blyth, 1855: 187" authorityName="Blyth" authorityPageNumber="187" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,572,546,568]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC914755FE6CB259" box="[151,392,546,568]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5DD884755FDD8B259" author="Blyth" box="[398,572,546,568]" page="187" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1855">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DD884755FDEDB259" author="Blyth" box="[398,521,546,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Blyth, E. (1855) Collections presented by Capt. Beddome and Mr. Theobald. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 24, 187." type="journal article" year="1855">Blyth, 1855</bibRefCitation>
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: 187
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="952174EDFFF4FFE5DE404754FD9CB259" box="[582,632,547,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
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Locality: Mottama (formerly Martaban),
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<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF4FFE5D8194754FB67B259" box="[1055,1155,547,568]" name="Myanmar" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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.
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<typeStatus id="952174EDFFF4FFE5D88B4754FB5BB259" box="[1165,1215,547,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
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Specimen: ZSI 8137, collected by Major Berdmore.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC914717FDC7B214" blockId="17.[151,1436,546,752]" box="[151,547,608,630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6A8AED61FFF4FFE5DC914717FDC7B214" box="[151,547,608,630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DC914717FDFBB214" authority="Blyth, 1859: 279" authorityName="Blyth" authorityPageNumber="279" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,543,608,630]" genus="Pythonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC914717FE8EB217" box="[151,362,608,630]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pythonia semizonata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5DD774717FDFBB214" author="Blyth" box="[369,543,608,630]" page="279" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1859">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DD774717FE08B217" author="Blyth" box="[369,492,608,630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Blyth, E. (1859) Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for February to May meetings, 1859. Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 28, 279." type="journal article" year="1859">Blyth, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 279
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC914708FCD1B2F5" blockId="17.[151,1436,546,752]" box="[151,821,638,661]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DC914708FDB6B2F5" authority="Carlleyle, 1869: 200" authorityName="Carlleyle" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1869" box="[151,594,638,661]" family="Eimeriidae" genus="Pythonella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eucoccidiida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="semizonata">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC914708FE99B2F4" box="[151,381,639,661]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pythonella semizonata</emphasis>
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Carlleyle, 1869: 200
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DE674708FD46B2F4" box="[609,674,639,661]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">lapsus</emphasis>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DECA4708FCC3B2F4" box="[716,807,639,661]" genus="Pythonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DECA4708FCC3B2F4" box="[716,807,639,661]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pythonia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC9147EAFCD6B291" blockId="17.[151,1436,546,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6A8AED61FFF4FFE5DC9147EAFCD6B291" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC9147EAFE9CB2D2" box="[151,376,669,691]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DC9147EAFE82B2D2" box="[151,358,669,691]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buccata">Homalopsis buccata</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DD6A47E9FE9CB2D2" bold="true" box="[364,376,670,691]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">–</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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Theobold 1868a: 58; 1868b: 66; Nicholson 1874: 62; Theobold 1876: 185;
|
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<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5D87547EAFAAFB2D2" author="Boulenger" box="[1139,1355,669,691]" page="475" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1887">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5D87547EAFAFCB2D3" author="Boulenger" box="[1139,1304,669,691]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1887) An account of the reptiles and batrachians obtained in Tenasserim by M. L. Fea, of the Genoa Civic Museum. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, (ser. 2), 5, 474 - 486." type="journal article" year="1887">Boulenger 1887</bibRefCitation>
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: 475
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5D95347EAFEC6B2B0" author="Sclater" page="53" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1891">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5D95347EAFF19B2B0" author="Sclater" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Sclater, W. L. (1891) List of Snakes in the Indian Museum. The Indian Museum, Calcutta. 70 pp." type="book" year="1891">Sclater 1891</bibRefCitation>
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: 53
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Boulenger 1893: 309; 1896: 16;
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<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5DE7547CCFC89B2B0" author="Wall" box="[627,877,699,722]" page="616" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1901">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DE7547CCFCDFB2B0" author="Wall" box="[627,827,699,722]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Wall, F. & Evans G. H. (1901) Burmese snakes. Notes on specimens including 45 species of ophidian fauna collected in Burma from 1 st January to 30 th June 1900. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 611 - 620." type="journal article" year="1901">Wall & Evans 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 616
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5DF7147CCFBE3B2B0" author="Wall" box="[887,1031,699,721]" page="94" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1903">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DF7147CCFC05B2B0" author="Wall" box="[887,993,699,721]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Wall, F. (1903) A prodromus of the snakes hiterto recorded from China, Japan, and the Loo Choo Islands: with some notes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 84 - 102." type="journal article" year="1903">Wall 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 94
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Rooji 1917: 186;
|
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<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5D8C747CCFAB5B2B0" author="Wall" box="[1217,1361,699,721]" page="38" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5D8C747CCFAC8B2B0" author="Wall" box="[1217,1324,699,721]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Wall, F. (1923) How to Identify the Snakes of India. F. Wall, Karachi. 56 pp." type="book" year="1923">Wall 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 38
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5D95D47CCFEACB291" author="Hundley" page="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5D95D47CCFEC6B291" author="Hundley" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Hundley, H. G. (1964) Checklist of Burmese Reptiles. H. G. Hundley, Kyi, Burma. 32 pp." type="book" year="1964">Hundley 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 22
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5DD5547ADFD87B291" author="Dowling" box="[339,611,730,752]" page="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DD5547ADFDAEB291" author="Dowling" box="[339,586,730,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Dowling, H. G. & Jenner, J. V. (1988) Snakes of Burma, Checklist of reported species and bibliography. Smithsonian Herpetological Information Service, (76), 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1988">Dowling & Jenner 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 4
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFF4FFE5DE6B47ADFCCAB291" author="Murphy" box="[621,814,730,752]" page="193" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="2007">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF4FFE5DE6B47ADFD1FB291" author="Murphy" box="[621,763,730,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Murphy, J. C. (2007) Homalopsid Snakes, Evolution in the Mud. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar. 249 pp." type="book" year="2007">Murphy 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 193
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFF4FFE5DC91466AFF3EB46C" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC91466AFF3EB46C" blockId="17.[151,1437,797,1037]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC91466AFED4B357" bold="true" box="[151,304,797,822]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DD3E466AFDA7B354" box="[312,579,797,821]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DD3E466AFDA7B354" box="[312,579,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from Kawkareik, Twante near Rangoon, and Mottama,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF4FFE5D92F4669FA7CB357" box="[1321,1432,798,822]" name="Myanmar" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This species may be more widespread than known specimens suggest. Its known distribution is centered on the Gulf of Martaban, but it may extend to the north following the Ayeyarwady River and to the south following the Andaman Sea’s coastal plain in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF4FFE5DE7E46FDFD01B3C3" box="[632,741,906,930]" name="Myanmar" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
and along the Andaman coast of peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF4FFE5D8F746FEFABCB3C0" box="[1265,1368,905,929]" name="Thailand" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Frith (1977) reported on two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DDA646DAFDC2B3A4" box="[416,550,941,965]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DDA646DAFDC2B3A4" box="[416,550,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Phuket,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF4FFE5DEC346DAFCCCB3A4" box="[709,808,941,965]" name="Thailand" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
with 40 and 42 dorsal scale rows, and 159 and 162 ventrals ― scale counts within the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DE6246A5FCE1B388" box="[612,773,978,1001]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DE6246A5FCE1B388" box="[612,773,978,1001]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is found along the same coast, about
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF4FFE5D8F846A6FAB0B388" box="[1278,1364,977,1001]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="900.0">900 km</quantity>
|
||
to the north.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="1EE59AC7FFF4FFE5DC91437DFDBCB63F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209963/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[151,1436,1090,1525]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DC91437DFDBCB63F" blockId="17.[151,1436,1546,1630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DC91437DFEC4B641" bold="true" box="[151,288,1546,1569]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DD20437CFDFCB640" box="[294,536,1547,1569]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DD20437CFDFCB640" box="[294,536,1547,1569]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Left: the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DEF8437CFBCAB640" authority="Blyth" authorityName="Blyth" box="[766,1070,1547,1569]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DEF8437CFC0BB640" box="[766,1007,1547,1569]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
Blyth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZSI8137 showing its three prefrontal scales, fragmented frontal and divided loreal, photograph by CM. Right: the anterior crown of KU92453 showing the three prefrontals and the fragmented frontal scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFF4FFE6DCCF43F2FC6DB792" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF4FFE5DCCF43F2FC1AB7DF" blockId="17.[151,1436,1669,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DCCF43F2FEA7B6FF" bold="true" box="[201,323,1669,1694]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DD4A43F1FDBEB6FF" box="[332,602,1670,1694]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DD4A43F1FDBEB6FF" box="[332,602,1670,1694]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a divided or fragmented loreal contacting upper labials 1–4 or 1–5; three prefrontals; 39–44 dorsal scale rows at midbody, reduced to more than 30 posteriorly; one postocular and one postsubocular.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DD4643B9FDC2B687" box="[320,550,1742,1766]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buccata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DD4643B9FDC2B687" box="[320,550,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis buccata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a single loreal contacting upper labials 1-4; two prefrontals; 33–40 dorsal scale rows at midbody, reduced to less than 30 posteriorly;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DF2F4384FC25B76B" box="[809,961,1778,1802]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hardwickii">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DF2F4384FC25B76B" box="[809,961,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. hardwickii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two prefrontal scales; 39 scale rows at midbody reduced to 28 posteriorly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DE204261FCB4B74F" box="[550,848,1814,1838]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroventralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DE204261FCB4B74F" box="[550,848,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis nigroventralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has upper labials 1–3 contacting the loreal; two prefrontals; 35–39 dorsal scale rows at midbody, reduced to less than 30 posteriorly; one or two postocular scales plus one postsubocular scale; and a reverse color pattern on the venter (dark olive-gray with white spots). The new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF4FFE5DCD742F4FE8DB7FB" box="[209,361,1922,1946]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mereljcoxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF4FFE5DCD742F4FE8DB7FB" box="[209,361,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H. mereljcoxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a single loreal contacting upper labials 1–4; two prefrontals; 40–47 scale rows at midbody, reduced to 30 or more posteriorly; two postocular scales plus a postsubocular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1EE59AC7FFF7FFE6DC91412EFAF9B549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209964/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1106]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF7FFE6DC91412EFAF9B549" blockId="18.[151,1436,1113,1320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DC91412EFEFBB40E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1113,1136]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsolateral patterns of four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF7FFE6DEC6412DFCDDB411" box="[704,825,1114,1136]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DEC6412DFCDDB411" box="[704,825,1114,1136]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Homalopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, these are not completely reliable for identification but can provide clues to the identity of a species. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF7FFE6DE5C410DFD2DB4EE" box="[602,713,1145,1167]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buccata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DE5C410DFD2DB4EE" box="[602,713,1145,1167]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. buccata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—there are four rows of dorsal scales between the ventrals and the bottom of the brown blotches; the blotches are not well outlined with black and in live specimens the pale and brown blotches are often subdued and low in contrast. B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF7FFE6DE1A41C0FD4AB4AD" box="[540,686,1207,1228]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DE1A41C0FD4AB4AD" box="[540,686,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has six dorsal rows (or more) between the ventrals and the bottom of the brown blotches. C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF7FFE6DD5841A1FDE8B48A" box="[350,524,1237,1259]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroventralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DD5841A1FDE8B48A" box="[350,524,1237,1259]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. nigroventralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has all dorsal scale rows a dark olive gray with light colored bands extending to the ventrals. D.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF7FFE6DCEB4183FE92B568" box="[237,374,1267,1289]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mereljcoxi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DCEB4183FE92B568" box="[237,374,1267,1289]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. mereljcoxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DD7A4183FE29B568" bold="true" box="[380,461,1268,1289]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="63DDAB26FFF7FFE6DD7A4183FE29B568" box="[380,461,1268,1289]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has five dorsal scale rows between the ventrals and the bottom of the brown blotches; the dorsal pattern contains brown blotches that are usually outlined with black and the dorsal pattern is usually high contrast.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF7FFE6DCCF4039FDF7B5EB" blockId="18.[151,1436,1358,1418]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Blyth’s original description of this snake is difficult to obtain. We have included it below followed by an updated description written by us.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF7FFE6DD0140C6FC6DB792" blockId="18.[261,1328,1457,2035]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF7FFE6DD0140C6FDF7B5A8" box="[263,531,1457,1481]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF7FFE6DD0140C6FDF7B5A8" box="[263,531,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Homalopsis semizonata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nobis. This is remarkably fine species has not of a little the aspect of Viper, from the small scales of its seize, the subdivision of its head plates, and the general colouring. Form moderately thick; the body with 39 rows of small strongly carinated scales. Vertical plate transversely divided into two; the anterior portion triangular, with apex to the front; the posterior semicircular and behind the latter is a remarkable range of five small plates, the medial being elongated backwards between the occipitals and posterior to this again is a minute inter-occipital: occipitals curiously scalloped each with three incisions; one posterior, one exterior, and one interior: two pairs of frontals; a freanal and a post-nasal. Colour pale yellowish-brown, marked on the upper-parts with about 36 semi annuli, which are of a blackish hue on the edges, paler within; on the hinder part of the body and tail are some black spots on the pale inter-spaces; and a medial black streak from the occiput it continued to the second transverse semi-annulus; a triangular black spot on the snout; also a blackish eye-streak; and a small spots on each occipital: lower-parts with two irregular rows of dark spots from throat to vent, bordering the scutae; and the sub-caudal scutellae are marked throughout with black. Number of scutae, 168; scutellae, 78 pairs. Length of specimen
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF7FFE6DFCD42E1FBECB7CF" box="[971,1032,1942,1966]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.858" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="in" value="27.0">27 in</quantity>
|
||
., of which tails is
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF7FFE6D8C842E1FB18B7CF" box="[1230,1276,1942,1966]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
. It is remarkable that abdominal scute begin to divide obliquely as they approach the vent, the last two or three assuming the appreance of pairs of scutellae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFF6FFE7DCCF45E0FBBDB3E3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF6FFE7DCCF45E0FE82B1E6" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF6FFE7DCCF45E0FDD1B0D1" bold="true" box="[201,565,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Redescription of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFF6FFE7DDC745EFFDD4B0D1" box="[449,560,152,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A male,
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF6FFE7DE9D45E0FD1CB0CE" box="[667,760,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.62" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="562.0">562 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL,
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF6FFE7DF4745E0FC7AB0CE" box="[833,926,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="166.0">166 mm</quantity>
|
||
tail; the rostral is broader than tall; the nasals are in contact and semi-divided; a divided internasal makes narrow contact with the loreal on each side; three prefrontals, the most lateral contact the loreal; frontal is posteriorly fragmented; parietals about the same length as frontal; occipitals small; loreal divided on each side; preoculars 1/1, presuboculars 1/1, supraoculars 1/1, suboculars 2/2, postoculars 1/1, postsuboculars 1/1; primary temporals 1/1; upper labials 12/13, 1–5/1–5 contact loreal; 6 is under the orbit; lower labials 15/16, with 1–4/
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF6FFE7DEC4443BFCEEB105" box="[706,778,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 in</quantity>
|
||
contact with chin shields; 165 ventrals; subcaudals 78/79 paired subcaudals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF6FFE7DCCF44E4FCA0B276" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF6FFE7DCCF44E4FEBEB1CD" bold="true" box="[201,346,403,428]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Note that our scale counts for this species are based mostly on neonates and late-term embryos. These snakes were collected by K. K. Gyi and are less than
|
||
<quantity id="8D6267AAFFF6FFE7DF3C44C0FC73B1AE" box="[826,919,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL. Scale count data for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF6FFE7D8CE44CFFAD1B1B1" box="[1224,1333,440,464]" name="Myanmar" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF6FFE7D94244C0FA70B1AE" box="[1348,1428,439,463]" name="Myanmar" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Burma</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFF6FFE7DC9144ABFEF9B195" box="[151,285,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF6FFE7DC9144ABFEF9B195" box="[151,285,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Homalopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFF6FFE7DD6244ABFE05B195" author="Gyi" box="[356,481,476,500]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Gyi, K. K. (1970) A revision of colubrid snakes of the subfamily Homalopsinae. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 20, 47 - 223." type="journal article" year="1970">Gyi (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
overlap ours, they do not mirror ours. Thus his data may be based upon specimens from a different population, or may include a second species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF6FFE7DCCF4753FBBDB3E3" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Rostral broader than tall; nasals in contact and semi-divided; a divided (rarely single) internasal makes narrow contact with the loreal on each side; three prefrontals, the most lateral contact the loreal; frontal is usually posteriorly fragmented; parietals about the same length as frontal; occipitals small; loreal is divided into 2–6 scales; 1/1 preocular, 1/1 supraocular, usually none or 1 subocular, 1/1 postocular; 1/1 postsubocular; 1/1 primary temporal; 12–15 upper labials, 1–4 or 1–5 contact loreal; sixth is under the orbit and occasionally in the orbit; first divided upper labial is the sixth; lower labials 15-20, with 1-3 (rarely 1–4) in contact with first chin shield; dorsal scale rows at the 10th ventral 40–44 (n = 36, x = 42.08, SD = 1.21), dorsal scale rows at midbody 39–44 (n = 36, x = 41.6, SD = 1.36), dorsal scale rows at post body 30–36 (n = 36, x = 32.05, SD = 1.56); ventrals in males 153–165 (n = 16, x = 158.3, SD = 3.14), ventrals in females 153–164 (n = 19, x = 157.5, SD = 3.21); subcaudals in males 78-90 (n = 14, x = 82.2, SD = 3.02), subcaudals in females 69–77 (n = 19, x = 74.45, SD = 2.37).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFF6FFE7DCCF46F9FDA9B3AB" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFF6FFE7DCCF46F9FDA9B3AB" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFF6FFE7DCCF46F9FE56B3C6" bold="true" box="[201,434,910,935]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFF6FFE7DDBE46F8FDD0B3C6" box="[440,564,911,935]" name="Myanmar" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">MYANMAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
– Kawkareik
|
||
<collectionCode id="2C8B528AFFF6FFE7DED646E7FCC0B3C6" box="[720,804,912,935]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1940.3.9.10,
|
||
<collectionCode id="2C8B528AFFF6FFE7DFBB46F8FC11B3C6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[957,1013,911,935]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
12392; Pegu, Twante, near Rangoon – KU 924362-394, Mottama – ZSI 8137.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |