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<document id="A053CBCA987B5CE0946F5B5256609B3D" ID-CLB-Dataset="45345" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.209953" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca93abd5-12f7-438f-b415-a16148a32bde" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="209953" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460446287721" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Murphy, John C., Voris, Harold K., Traub, Joshua &amp; Cumberbatch, Christina" docDate="2012" docId="C2337B59FFEEFFF8DC914023FCAFB1AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03208p026.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3208" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Homalopsis hardwickii Gray 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="3E0A0321FFE5FFF4DC064577FFE4B061" masterDocTitle="The masked water snakes of the genus Homalopsis Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822 (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698333401845" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="613FC56222DDBEF483E3EEDD1113FEF0">The masked water snakes of the genus Homalopsis Kuhl &amp; van Hasselt, 1822 (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F098CE239E44C5D796864655963F0070">Voris, Harold K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F50D7962CCDFFFF3FFA5D399A64AE73E">Traub, Joshua</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A3E34D728C8C3B71D08BF336BE3044F3">Cumberbatch, Christina</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="C2337B59FFEEFFF8DC914023FCAFB1AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6169955" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6169955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C2337B59FFEEFFF8DC914023FCAFB1AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2337B59FFEEFFF8DC914023FCAFB1AE" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFEEFFFFDC914023FF02B5EE" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFFFDC914023FDDAB50F" blockId="11.[151,574,1364,1423]" box="[151,574,1364,1390]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="116D7D23FFEEFFFFDC914023FDDAB50F" bold="true" box="[151,574,1364,1390]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFDC914023FDDAB50F" authority="Gray, 1842" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,574,1364,1390]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hardwickii">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDC914023FDDAB50F" bold="true" box="[151,574,1364,1390]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDC914023FE49B50F" bold="true" box="[151,429,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Homalopsis hardwickii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFDDB34023FDDAB50F" author="Gray" box="[437,574,1364,1390]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Gray, J. (1842) Monographic synopsis of the watersnakes, or the family Hydridae. In: Zoological Miscellany, pp. 59 - 71." type="book chapter" year="1842">Gray, 1842</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFFFDC914000FF02B5EE" blockId="11.[151,574,1364,1423]" box="[151,230,1399,1423]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<figureCitation id="D2A1D6CAFFEEFFFFDC914000FF31B5EE" box="[151,213,1399,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1748,1771]" captionTargetBox="[193,1372,948,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[193,1372,948,1724]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ocular ring morphology in five species of Homalopsis. Scale nomenclature: 1 = preocular, 2 = presubocular, 3 = subocular, 4 = postsubocular, 5 = postocular. A. H. buccata: preocular (s) one or two, presubocular one, subocular (s) present about 50 % of the time, postocular (s) one or two, postsubocular one (but may be absent). B. H. hardwickii has the lowest number of scales in the ocular ring of any specimen (or species) examined: preocular one, presubocular not present, subocular not present (upper labial in orbit), postocular one, postsubocular one. C. H. mereljcoxi: preocular one, presubocular one (but may be absent), suboculars two or three (rarely absent or four), upper labial six rarely present in orbit, postoculars two (rarely one), postsubocular one (rarely absent). D. H. nigroventralis has the largest number of scales in the ocular ring: preocular one, presubocular one, suboculars one or two (rarely three), postoculars two or three, postsubocular one. E. H. semizonata has the most consistent number of scales in the ocular ring: preocular one (rarely two), presubocular one, subocular one (rarely does a lower labial enter the orbit as it does in the photo), postocular one, postsubocular one." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209954/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
b
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFEEFFFFDC9140C8FE1CB592" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFFFDC9140C8FE1CB592" blockId="11.[151,1436,1471,1524]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDC9140C8FE99B5B4" box="[151,381,1471,1493]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFDC9140C8FEF4B5B4" box="[151,272,1471,1493]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Homalopsis</taxonomicName>
buccata—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFDD7A40C8FDDCB5B4" author="Gunther" box="[380,568,1471,1493]" page="285" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1864">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFDD7A40C8FDEFB5B4" author="Gunther" box="[380,523,1471,1493]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1864) Reptiles of British India. Ray Society, London. 443 pp." type="book" year="1864">Günther 1864</bibRefCitation>
:285
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFDE4440C8FCFEB5B4" author="Boulenger" box="[578,794,1471,1493]" page="374" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1890">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFDE4440C8FD0CB5B4" author="Boulenger" box="[578,744,1471,1493]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1890) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor and Francis, London. 541 pp." type="book" year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
: 374
</treatmentCitation>
; 1896: 14;
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFDF8D40C8FBD2B5B4" author="Smith" box="[907,1078,1471,1493]" page="390" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFDF8D40C8FBE7B5B4" author="Smith" box="[907,1027,1471,1493]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 3. Serpentes. Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
: 390
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFD83940C8FB34B5B4" author="Wall" box="[1087,1232,1471,1493]" page="94" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFD83940C8FB4EB5B4" author="Wall" box="[1087,1194,1471,1493]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Wall, F. (1903) A prodromus of the snakes hiterto recorded from China, Japan, and the Loo Choo Islands: with some notes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 84 - 102." type="journal article" year="1903">Wall 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 94
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFD8DD40C8FA8FB5B4" author="Wall" box="[1243,1387,1471,1493]" page="38" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFD8DD40C8FAA3B5B4" author="Wall" box="[1243,1351,1471,1493]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Wall, F. (1923) How to Identify the Snakes of India. F. Wall, Karachi. 56 pp." type="book" year="1923">Wall 1923</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFD97040C8FED4B595" author="Gyi" page="136" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFD97040C8FF19B592" author="Gyi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Gyi, K. K. (1970) A revision of colubrid snakes of the subfamily Homalopsinae. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 20, 47 - 223." type="journal article" year="1970">Gyi 1970</bibRefCitation>
: 136
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CB3BEC5EFFEEFFFFDD3C40A9FE1CB592" author="Murphy" box="[314,504,1502,1524]" page="193" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="2E0BB7BEFFEEFFFFDD3C40A9FE2CB592" author="Murphy" box="[314,456,1502,1524]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Murphy, J. C. (2007) Homalopsid Snakes, Evolution in the Mud. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar. 249 pp." type="book" year="2007">Murphy 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 193
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFEEFFFFDC914356FDD2B63D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFFFDC914356FE72B659" blockId="11.[151,1436,1568,2025]" box="[151,406,1568,1593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDC914356FED1B658" bold="true" box="[151,309,1568,1593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFEEFFFFDC914356FF36B658" box="[151,210,1569,1593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFEEFFFFDD414357FE63B659" box="[327,391,1568,1592]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">India</collectingCountry>
.”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFFFDCCF4332FDD2B63D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1568,2025]" box="[201,566,1604,1629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDCCF4332FED9B63C" bold="true" box="[201,317,1605,1629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFEEFFFFDCCF4332FEDDB63C" box="[201,313,1605,1629]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="2C8B528AFFEEFFFFDD454332FE73B63D" box="[323,407,1605,1628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">BMNH</collectionCode>
1946.1.7.26.”
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFEEFFFFDCCF431FFDD0B771" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFFFDCCF431FFDD0B771" blockId="11.[151,1436,1568,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDCCF431FFE86B6E0" bold="true" box="[201,354,1640,1665]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
Possibly restricted to northeast
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFEEFFFFDECD431FFCECB6E1" box="[715,776,1640,1664]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">India</collectingCountry>
, no known extant population. The
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFEEFFFFD888431FFB14B6E1" box="[1166,1264,1640,1664]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFD910431EFEEAB6C4" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hardwickii">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFD910431EFEEAB6C4" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Homalopsis hardwickii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported to be from
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFEEFFFFDE0B43FBFDADB6C5" box="[525,585,1676,1700]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">India</collectingCountry>
, but the datum is questionable. Two other specimens (BMNH 111.18.1 b, g) that may be
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFDD2043C5FE25B6A8" box="[294,449,1713,1737]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hardwickii">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDD2043C5FE25B6A8" box="[294,449,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. hardwickii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the locality of “Bengal” but do not agree well with the
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFEEFFFFD88743C7FB07B6A9" box="[1153,1251,1712,1736]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and the locality information is followed by a question mark in the BMNH catalog. Thus, this species remains to be re-discovered and its distribution to be determined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFEEFFF8DCCF426BFDC4B0B5" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFEEFFF8DCCF426BFDC4B0B5" blockId="11.[151,1436,1568,2025]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,464]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDCCF426BFEA7B754" bold="true" box="[201,323,1820,1845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFDD4C426AFDABB754" box="[330,591,1821,1845]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hardwickii">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDD4C426AFDABB754" box="[330,591,1821,1845]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Homalopsis hardwickii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a divided loreal contacting upper labials 14; two prefrontal scales; 39 scale rows at midbody reduced to 28 posteriorly; one postocular scale and no presubocular scale; 13 or 14 upper labials; 159 ventrals.
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFDD824212FD8DB71C" box="[388,617,1893,1917]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buccata">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDD824212FD8DB71C" box="[388,617,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Homalopsis buccata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a single loreal contacting upper labials 14; one postocular scale plus a postsubocular scale;
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFDD9F42FDFDBFB7C0" box="[409,603,1929,1953]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroventralis">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFDD9F42FDFDBFB7C0" box="[409,603,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. nigroventralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has upper labials 13 contacting the loreal; one or two postocular scales plus one postsubocular scale; and a reverse color pattern on the venter (dark olive-gray with white spots).
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFD93B42D9FF06B788" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semizonata">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFD93B42D9FF06B788" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">H. semizonata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three prefrontals; one postocular and one postsubocular. The new species,
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFEEFFFFD86A42A5FAE8B788" box="[1132,1292,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFEEFFFFD86A42A5FAECB788" box="[1132,1288,2001,2025]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mereljcoxi">H. mereljcoxi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
has a single loreal contacting upper labials 14; 4049 scale rows at midbody, reduced to 30 or more posteriorly; and two postocular scales plus a postsubocular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFE9FFF8DCCF45A8FE11B1CD" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<emphasis id="78EE165DFFE9FFF8DCCF45A8FDDEB099" bold="true" box="[201,570,223,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Redescription of the
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFE9FFF8DDC04597FDD1B099" box="[454,565,224,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
A male,
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SVL,
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tail; dorsal scale rows 413928; 159 ventrals; 84 subcaudals; 1/1preocular, 1/1 postocular, 1/1 postsubocular, no subocular; internasal small and divided; 2/ 2 prefrontals; temporal formula 1/1; upper labials 14/13, first six not horizontally divided; upper labials under orbit 5/6; upper labials in contact with loreal 1-4/1-4; loreal divided on both sides. It has a typical
<taxonomicName id="8D9AB1CCFFE9FFF8D8C6443BFAA2B105" box="[1216,1350,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFE9FFF8D8C6443BFAA2B105" box="[1216,1350,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Homalopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pattern with alternating dark brown separated by white saddle-like blotches, the light blotches number 44, of which 19 do not extend to the vertebral line.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028099C4FFE9FFF8DCCF44C0FCAFB1AE" box="[201,843,439,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4A25CA4FFFE9FFF8DCCF44C0FCAFB1AE" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,464]" box="[201,843,439,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="78EE165DFFE9FFF8DCCF44C0FE56B1B1" bold="true" box="[201,434,439,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="328D8ADFFFE9FFF8DDC744C0FDE2B1AE" box="[449,518,439,463]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">INDIA</collectingCountry>
<collectionCode id="2C8B528AFFE9FFF8DE1C44CFFD8AB1AE" box="[538,622,440,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BMNH</collectionCode>
1946.1.7.26 (
<typeStatus id="952174EDFFE9FFF8DF0C44C0FCDBB1AE" box="[778,831,439,463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>