220 lines
24 KiB
XML
220 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.395.7110" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9627d89-aad8-4b48-b024-c7a97d580231" ID-PMC="PMC3978236" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-395-33" ID-PubMed="24715788" ID-ZBK="B4D4D101C9AE47F09B7B320735B69D1D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-395-33" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 395" ModsDocTitle="Six new species of Philiris Röber, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Papua New Guinea" checkinTime="1451246046685" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mueller, Chris J." docDate="2014" docId="BB5B816E26882F413A01BCC23070E5CD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 395: 33-55" docOrigin="ZooKeys 395" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.395.7110" docTitle="Philiris bubalisatina Mueller, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="FAC04FF7-1FF1-4256-B386-53F2A17E3F58" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFEBBE73FFD8D16FFFC64B5A751FFFB3" masterDocTitle="Six new species of Philiris Roeber, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Papua New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1668158131885" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Six new species of Philiris Roeber, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mueller, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>395</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>55</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.395.7110</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.395.7110</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-395-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">B4D4D101C9AE47F09B7B320735B69D1D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B4D4D101C9AE47F09B7B320735B69D1D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052284" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FAC04FF7-1FF1-4256-B386-53F2A17E3F58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB5B816E26882F413A01BCC23070E5CD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FAC04FF7-1FF1-4256-B386-53F2A17E3F58" authority="Mueller" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">
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Philiris bubalisatina
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="38">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 13-15, 63
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
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Holotype ♂ (Figs 13-15): "Papua New Guinea, Upper Sepik Basin, West Sepik Province,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.65">4°39'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="141.71666">141°43'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 820-1030 m, 7-9 June, 2010, Chris J.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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, genitalia dissected and held in vial pinned to specimen, (ANIC), Registration: ANIC Database No. 31-023123. Paratypes (2 ♂♂): 1 ♂ labelled "Papua New Guinea, Upper Sepik Basin, West Sepik Province, 560 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.6666665">4°40'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="141.76666">141°46'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 8-12 Feb, 2010, C. J.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller”">Mueller"</normalizedToken>
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(AM); 1 ♂ labelled "Papua New Guinea, Baiyer River, Western Highlands Province, 1190 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.5">5°30'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="144.16667">144°10'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 12-18 Nov, 2013, C. J.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller”">Mueller"</normalizedToken>
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(CJMC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="39" start="start">Philiris</pageBreakToken>
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bubalisatina
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</taxonomicName>
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is unlike any known species, its external facies showing affinities with the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris marginata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Philiris marginata</taxonomicName>
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(Grose-Smith, 1894),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgens">Philiris fulgens</taxonomicName>
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(Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1897) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris helena" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helena">Philiris helena</taxonomicName>
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(Snellen, 1887) groups. The wing shape of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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is highly acute, with a long pointed forewing and a remarkably elongate hind wing. The forewings are more exaggeratedly pointed than in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris vicina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">Philiris vicina</taxonomicName>
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(Grose-Smith, 1898),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris marginata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Philiris marginata</taxonomicName>
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(holotypes; Figs 18, 19, 77 and 20, 21, 76, respectively) (both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris marginata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Philiris marginata</taxonomicName>
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group) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgens">Philiris fulgens</taxonomicName>
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(holotype; Figs 22, 23, 78), even
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘subspecies’">'subspecies'</normalizedToken>
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septentrionalis Joicey & Talbot, 1916 (holotype; Figs 24, 25, 79). The fore wing upperside is a bright shining lilac-blue, which is more bluish on the hind wing and the dark margins are very broad, while that on the hind wing is of hairline thickness. The underside of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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is unique in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
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, being a pale buff-cream, with a yellowish hue. Unlike other species with non-white undersides (essentially those in the helena group), e.g.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris apicalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Philiris apicalis</taxonomicName>
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Tite, 1963 (holotype; Figs 26, 27, 80 and subspecies ginni
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
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; Fig. 28), that of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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is semi-glossy rather than matt. There is no black spot at the inner margin of the hind wing underside. There appears to be little variation in the type series of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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, although one paratype from the Upper Sepik has a slightly shorter fore wing length and the shape of the fore wing is slightly more convex than in the other specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
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Figures 16-30.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
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adults (left side upperside and right side underside, where halved) and label data. 16
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris lavendula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lavendula">Philiris lavendula</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ (halved, flipped horizontally) 17
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris lavendula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lavendula">Philiris lavendula</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ label data 18
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris vicina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">Philiris vicina</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ (halved) 19
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris vicina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">Philiris vicina</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ label data 20
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris marginata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Philiris marginata</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ (halved, flipped horizontally) 21
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris marginata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Philiris marginata</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ label data 22
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgens">Philiris fulgens</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ (halved) 23
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgens">Philiris fulgens</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ label data 24
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens subsp. septentrionalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fulgens" subSpecies="septentrionalis">Philiris fulgens septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ (halved) 25
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens subsp. septentrionalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fulgens" subSpecies="septentrionalis">Philiris fulgens septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ label data 26
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris apicalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Philiris apicalis</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ (halved) 27
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris apicalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Philiris apicalis</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ label data 28
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris apicalis subsp. ginni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="apicalis" subSpecies="ginni">Philiris apicalis ginni</taxonomicName>
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♂ (halved) 29
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris baiteta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baiteta">Philiris baiteta</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ upperside 30
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris baiteta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baiteta">Philiris baiteta</taxonomicName>
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holotype ♂ underside. Scale bar = 10 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">
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The male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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is also highly distinctive and does not closely resemble those of any known
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
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. The bulbous valvae with lateral appendages are unusual and are only otherwise shared with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris lavendula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lavendula">Philiris lavendula</taxonomicName>
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Tite, 1963 (holotype; Figs 16, 17, 75). However the sociuncus in the male genitalia of the latter species is deeply incised and the valvae are much more acute than in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris lavendula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lavendula">Philiris lavendula</taxonomicName>
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have dissimilar external facies, with the former species having a broad forewing upperside border with a shining lilac-purple ground colour and a buff-coloured underside, whereas
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris lavendula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lavendula">Philiris lavendula</taxonomicName>
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has a much narrower upperside border, a matt purple ground colour and a white underside. The wing shape of the two taxa also differ markedly.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">♂ (Figs 13, 14): Forewing length 20 mm, antenna 12 mm (holotype). Head, palpus and thorax dark grey dorsally, cream ventrally, abdomen dark grey dorsally, cream-buff ventrally, frons dark grey with white eye ring; antenna shaft black, ringed conspicuously with white between segments, apical half of club brown ventrally; legs cream with black areas on tibiae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Forewing termen nearly straight, inner margin straight, apex pointed; upperside with ground colour black, a large area of shining purple-lilac extending from base to near end of cell and postmedian area to approximately 2 mm from termen at tornus, cilia black; underside uniformly glossy pale buff-cream with apical area suffused with dark scales, darker basal patch at inner margin, cilia narrowly black.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Hindwing elongated towards tornus, slightly produced near tornus at veins 2, 3 and 4; upperside shining purple-blue (more bluish than fore wing shining area) and narrowly bluish-white nearest to costa, termen narrowly (<1 mm) black, costa light brown above vein 7 and midway between cell and vein 8, merging with dark termen between veins 7 and 6, inner margin broadly brown to vein 1b, cilia black; underside uniformly glossy pale buff-cream with dark brown scaling near termen, cilia narrowly black, broader at tornus and at ends of veins 2, 3, and 4.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Male genitalia (Fig. 63): Vinculum and tegumen ring oval, tapered towards sociuncus, sociuncus rather broad, socii with lateral margin square-shaped, dorsally rounded, socii weakly separated by V-shaped sinus, saccus tapered posteriorly, brachium tapered dorsally and slightly hooked at apex; valva symmetrical, bulbous at base with long appendage stemming from lateral margin; phallus large, with zone of intricate cornuti in post-zonal section, vesica apically flanged.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="40" start="start">♀</pageBreakToken>
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: Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
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The name is a combination of the Latin word
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘bubalinus’">'bubalinus'</normalizedToken>
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, for the colour buff, reflecting the unusual pale yellowish-brown hue to the underside, and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘satina’">'satina'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which refers to the satin lustre to the underside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">West Sepik and Western Highlands Provinces, Papua New Guinea.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
|
||
All specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
|
||
were taken at, or just before, midday as they perched momentarily on foliage overhanging rapid torrents, several metres above the ground. The taxon has a remarkably rapid and robust, wide-ranging flight, which is rather Hesperiid-like.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="40" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Since it is difficult to accurately determine, the correct nomenclatural positioning of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris bubalisatina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bubalisatina">Philiris bubalisatina</taxonomicName>
|
||
would be assisted by information about its life history and larval food plants. Several
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae were found in the general type locality area and some were reared to adult (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris violetta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violetta">Philiris violetta</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Röber">Roeber</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1926),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris praeclara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeclara">Philiris praeclara</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tite, 1963 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris harterti" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harterti">Philiris harterti</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It is not known if larvae of the new species were present among individuals that were not able to be reared to adult due to time constraints. A molecular phylogeny of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
|
||
will undoubtedly better resolve its taxonomic position.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |