269 lines
33 KiB
XML
269 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="73E65010B75DE7A763F4E1612C9098CB">Stolidobranch ascidians from the tropical western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DAFDF99CA19E42B539027C95D114CF6D">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B4E21E05F8D199F2B0DE9D93EE60CF18">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B65898680D53D780C83F9121B4C77D01">
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<mods:date id="E2A6128AAD4EA23FA01BF5B1662CBC07">2002</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="59AF3FD1B79F8FE9C3BF9142729E6386">2002-05-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A46D0F19A78EA97E35F512CF03B0FA98">135</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F827FD64827068A9E4EBB4790BE92749" type="DOI">10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00017.x</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="436F3F3CFFF8FF87FF78F975FB2F1F8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:436F3F3CFFF8FF87FF78F975FB2F1F8F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/436F3F3CFFF8FF87FF78F975FB2F1F8F" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<subSubSection id="83DCDDA1FFF8FF86FF78F975FD2E1CF7" box="[145,760,1751,1775]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FF78F975FD2E1CF7" blockId="40.[145,760,1751,1775]" box="[145,760,1751,1775]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<heading id="90313946FFF8FF86FF78F975FD2E1CF7" allCaps="true" box="[145,760,1751,1775]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" reason="9">
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<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FF78F975FD5B1CF7" ID-CoL="73FRT" authority="HELLER, 1878" authorityName="HELLER" authorityYear="1878" box="[145,653,1751,1775]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
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<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FF78F975FE371CF6" box="[145,481,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">MICROCOSMUS EXASPERATUS</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FE00F97AFD5B1CF7" author="Heller C" box="[489,653,1751,1775]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="2 - 28" refId="ref27502" refString="Heller C. 1878. Beitrage zur naheren Kenntnis der Tunicaten. Sitzungsberichte der mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaft Wien 77: 2 - 28." type="journal article" year="1878">HELLER, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF8FF86FD77F97AFD261CF7" box="[670,752,1751,1775]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="41.[156,235,1153,1174]" captionTargetBox="[157,1441,195,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-285@41.[148,1445,190,1130]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 31. Microcosmus exasperatus: A, specimen from Madagascar ventrally opened. B,C,D, specimen from Aden. Scale bars: A = 1cm, B,C,D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434660/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="83DCDDA1FFF8FF86FF78F8ADFB0E1AE2" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FF78F8ADFEF21D6A" blockId="40.[145,761,1792,1906]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="EBD6A904FFF8FF86FF78F8ADFEF21D6A" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<treatmentCitation id="4A67A83BFFF8FF86FF78F8ADFDBA1D0D" author="Kott P" box="[145,620,1792,1814]" page="348" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" year="1985">
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<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FF78F8ADFDBA1D0D" ID-CoL="73FRT" authority=": Kott, 1985: 348" authorityName=": Kott" authorityPageNumber="348" authorityYear="1985" box="[145,620,1792,1814]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
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<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FF78F8ADFE661D0E" box="[145,432,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Microcosmus exasperatus</emphasis>
|
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FE57F8ADFDBA1D0D" author="Kott P" box="[446,620,1792,1814]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref27718" refString="Kott P. 1985. The Australian Ascidiacea. Part I. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985: 348</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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–
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FD6FF8ADFD221D0E" box="[646,756,1792,1814]" name="Australia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, and synonymy; Monniot C., 1983: 1035 –
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FF40F890FEE21D4B" box="[169,308,1853,1875]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
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, 1989: 479, fig. 2, pl. 1 A –
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FD2CF893FEC91D6A" name="New Caledonia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FF6BFB0E1AE2" blockId="40.[809,1424,197,250]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="EBD6A904FFF8FF86FCC0FF6BFB0E1AE2" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FCC0FF6BFB611AC3" ID-CoL="73G3M" authority="(Savigny, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[809,1207,197,219]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pupa">
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<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCC0FF6BFC281AC3" box="[809,1022,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Microcosmus pupa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FBE4FF68FB791AC3" author="Savigny JC" box="[1037,1199,197,219]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29252" refString="Savigny JC. 1816. Memoires sur les animaux sans vertebres. Paris 1816: 1 - 239." type="journal article" year="1816">Savigny, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="4A67A83BFFF8FF86FB2BFF68FA461AC3" author="Monniot C & Monniot F" box="[1218,1424,197,219]" page="58" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FB2BFF68FA461AC3" author="Monniot C & Monniot F" box="[1218,1424,197,219]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="389 - 475" refId="ref28532" refString="Monniot C, Monniot F. 1973. Ascidies abyssales recoltees au cours de la campagne oceanographique Biacores par le ' Jean Charcot'. Bulletin du Museum National D'histoire Naturelle Paris (3), 121 (Zool. 93): 389 - 475." type="book chapter" year="1973">Monniot, 1973: 58</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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part, fig. 4A – specimen from Eilat.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="83DCDDA1FFF8FF86FCC0FE9BFC471FE7" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FE9BFC581B56" blockId="40.[809,1168,310,364]" box="[809,910,310,334]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCC0FE9BFC581B56" box="[809,910,310,334]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FEFAFB461B74" blockId="40.[809,1168,310,364]" box="[809,1168,342,364]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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Suez, coll.
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<collectionCode id="ADD716EFFFF8FF86FC4CFEFAFC6C1B74" box="[933,954,343,364]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FC54FEFAFC301B74" box="[957,998,343,364]" name="Philippines" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">PH</collectingCountry>
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. Dollfus, 1928.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FE29FC141B82" blockId="40.[809,962,388,410]" box="[809,962,388,410]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<collectingRegion id="090240C8FFF8FF86FCC0FE29FC8D1B82" box="[809,859,388,410]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Gulf</collectingRegion>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="090240C8FFF8FF86FC96FE29FC681B82" box="[895,958,388,410]" country="Yemen" name="'Adan" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Aden</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FE1FFAA51BD0" blockId="40.[809,1395,434,456]" box="[809,1395,434,456]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FCC0FE1FFC611BD0" box="[809,951,434,456]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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: Nosy-Be,
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<quantity id="0C3E23CFFFF8FF86FBD8FE1EFBBF1BD0" box="[1073,1129,435,456]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
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, coll. P. Laboute, 1992.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FE4DFA871BEE" blockId="40.[809,1361,480,502]" box="[809,1361,480,502]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FCC0FE4DFC681BEE" box="[809,958,480,502]" name="Mozambique" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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: Ibo Island, coll. C. Monniot, 1995.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FDA2FAEB183C" blockId="40.[809,1341,526,548]" box="[809,1341,526,548]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FCC0FDA2FCAF183C" box="[809,889,527,548]" name="Yemen" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Yemen</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FC6DFDA2FBFB183C" box="[900,1069,526,548]" name="Socotra Island" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Socotra Island</collectingCountry>
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, coll. C.
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<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FB79FDA3FAEE183C" author="Monniot C & Monniot F" box="[1168,1336,526,548]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1623 - 1643" refId="ref28836" refString="Monniot C, Monniot F. 1997. Records of ascidians from Bahrain, Arabian Gulf with three new species. Journal of Natural History 31: 1623 - 1643." type="journal article" year="1997">Monniot, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FDE0FC78187C" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" box="[809,942,589,612]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCC0FDE0FC78187C" box="[809,942,589,612]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FDC0FAB018C7" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">The body shape varies with the substrate. The moreor-less red tunic may be naked or with epibionts; it is always wrinkled. The tunic is not thick but resistant, and has a nacreous lining. The siphons are short.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FD45FBF01942" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Despite its strong musculature, the body wall is thin and reveals the internal organs. The muscles form large bundles that issue from the siphons, and regularly cross each other.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FCCFFBB419CC" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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The ramified tentacles arise at the base of a large velum. The dorsal tubercle is U-shaped with the anterior horns slightly rolled inwards; it lies in a dorsal
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<collectionCode id="ADD716EFFFF8FF86FA96FC0DFA4719AD" box="[1407,1425,928,949]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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of the prepharyngeal band.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FC70FB751E28" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">There are eight-to-nine high branchial folds on each side of a smooth edged dorsal lamina. The stigmata are cut by parastigmatic vessels.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FB94FAE11E94" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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The gut makes a closed primary loop (
|
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<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF8FF86FAECFB94FA5F1E57" box="[1285,1417,1081,1103]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="41.[156,235,1153,1174]" captionTargetBox="[157,1441,195,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-285@41.[148,1445,190,1130]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 31. Microcosmus exasperatus: A, specimen from Madagascar ventrally opened. B,C,D, specimen from Aden. Scale bars: A = 1cm, B,C,D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434660/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Fig. 31A–D</figureCitation>
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) leading to a dorsally curved intestine that adheres to the dorsal lamina. The anus is smooth-edged.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FB38FB7E1F3E" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
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One gonad lies on each side (
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<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF8FF86FB70FB38FAF61EB3" box="[1177,1312,1173,1195]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="41.[156,235,1153,1174]" captionTargetBox="[157,1441,195,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-285@41.[148,1445,190,1130]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 31. Microcosmus exasperatus: A, specimen from Madagascar ventrally opened. B,C,D, specimen from Aden. Scale bars: A = 1cm, B,C,D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434660/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Fig. 31A–D</figureCitation>
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), made of three or four massive lobes linked only by the gonoducts. The left gonad crosses the intestine (
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<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF8FF86FAE8FB7FFA531EF1" box="[1281,1413,1234,1257]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="41.[156,235,1153,1174]" captionTargetBox="[157,1441,195,1121]" captionTargetId="figure-285@41.[148,1445,190,1130]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 31. Microcosmus exasperatus: A, specimen from Madagascar ventrally opened. B,C,D, specimen from Aden. Scale bars: A = 1cm, B,C,D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434660/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Fig. 31A–D</figureCitation>
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).
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<collectingRegion id="090240C8FFF8FF86FCC0FB5CFCB41F1F" box="[809,866,1265,1287]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Male</collectingRegion>
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and female papillae are short and close together and protrude from the body wall.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FA83FB6D1F9A" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">There are no endocarps on the internal layer of the body wall itself, but sometimes one or two of them lie on the ventral side of the stomach.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA8FA27FBCD1FA7" blockId="40.[809,1425,589,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Filiform papillae cover a wide field around the base of the cloacal siphon.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0FA4AFC471FE7" blockId="40.[809,1425,1511,1658]" box="[809,913,1511,1535]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCC0FA4AFC471FE7" box="[809,913,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83DCDDA1FFF8FF87FCC0F9A5FDB81F23" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0F9A5FA981C62" blockId="40.[809,1425,1511,1658]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FCC0F9A5FB871C06" ID-CoL="73FRT" authorityName=": Kott" authorityYear="1985" box="[809,1105,1544,1566]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCC0F9A5FB871C06" box="[809,1105,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Microcosmus exasperatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is cosmopolitan in warm waters. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FBABF98AFCBE1C43" ID-CoL="73G3M" authority="(Savigny, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pupa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FBABF98AFACA1C24" box="[1090,1308,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Microcosmus pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FAD9F98BFCB61C43" author="Savigny JC" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref29252" refString="Savigny JC. 1816. Memoires sur les animaux sans vertebres. Paris 1816: 1 - 239." type="journal article" year="1816">Savigny, 1816</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence in the former of endocarps and the shape of its gonads, made of lobes in a line.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCA9F915FB1A1CF7" blockId="40.[832,1402,1719,1775]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FCA9F915FBF31CF7" ID-CoL="73FRR" authority="MICHAELSEN, 1918" authorityName=", Michaelsen" authorityYear="1918" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCA9F915FB031CD6" box="[832,1237,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">MICROCOSMUS MADAGASCARIENSIS</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FB34F91AFBF31CF7" author="Michaelsen W" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref28051" refString="Michaelsen W. 1918. Die Ptychobranchen und Diktyobranchen Ascidien des westlichen Indischen Ozeans. Mitteilungen aus zoologischen Museum in Hamburg 35: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1918">MICHAELSEN, 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF8FF86FBDFF97AFB751CF7" box="[1078,1187,1751,1775]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[145,224,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-115@36.[145,1425,195,1597]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Siphonal spinules: A, Pyura gangelion; B, Pyura scortea; C, Pyura tongae; D, Microcosmus madagascariensis; E, Microcosmus pupa. Scale bars: A,C,D,E = 100 mm, B = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434652/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Figs 27D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF8FF86FB4EF97AFB121CF7" box="[1191,1220,1751,1775]" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="42.[145,224,973,994]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,940]" captionTargetId="figure-376@42.[139,1432,181,953]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 32. Microcosmus madagascariensis: A, body ventrally opened. B,C, external view of the left and right sides. D, dorsal tubercle area. E, detail of hepatic papillae. Scale bars: A,B,C = 1cm, D = 2mm, E = 0.5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434662/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">32</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0F8ADFBFC1D4B" blockId="40.[809,1425,1792,1906]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EBD6A904FFF8FF86FCC0F8ADFBFC1D4B" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4A67A83BFFF8FF86FCC0F8ADFC8A1D2C" author="Michaelsen W" page="20" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" year="1918">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FCC0F8ADFC8A1D2C" ID-CoL="73FRR" authority=", Michaelsen, 1918: 20" authorityName=", Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1918" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCC0F8ADFB4A1D0D" box="[809,1180,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Microcosmus madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FB5EF8ADFC8A1D2C" author="Michaelsen W" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref28051" refString="Michaelsen W. 1918. Die Ptychobranchen und Diktyobranchen Ascidien des westlichen Indischen Ozeans. Mitteilungen aus zoologischen Museum in Hamburg 35: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1918">Michaelsen, 1918: 20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FC7EF8B3FBF51D2C" box="[919,1059,1822,1844]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Nosy-Be;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FB53F8B2FABE1D2C" author="Vasseur P" box="[1210,1384,1822,1844]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="912 - 923" refId="ref29667" refString="Vasseur P. 1969. Deuxieme contribution a l'etude des ascidies de Madagascar region de Tulear. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris (2) 40: 912 - 923." type="journal article" year="1969">Vasseur, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, –
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF8FF86FCA8F890FC1B1D4B" box="[833,973,1853,1875]" name="Madagascar" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Tulear.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF8FF86FCC0F8F1FAA31D6A" blockId="40.[809,1425,1792,1906]" box="[809,1397,1884,1906]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EBD6A904FFF8FF86FCC0F8F1FAA31D6A" box="[809,1397,1884,1906]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="090240C8FFF8FF86FCC0F8F1FC851D69" box="[809,851,1884,1905]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4A67A83BFFF8FF86FCB2F8F1FAA31D6A" author="Hartmeyer R" box="[859,1397,1884,1906]" page="26" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" year="1919">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF8FF86FCB2F8F1FAA31D6A" ID-CoL="6RG3W" authority="Hartmeyer, 1919: 26" authorityName="Hartmeyer" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1919" box="[859,1397,1884,1906]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agglutinans">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF8FF86FCB2F8F1FBA91D69" box="[859,1151,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="105">Microcosmus agglutinans</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF8FF86FB6EF8F1FAA31D6A" author="Hartmeyer R" box="[1159,1397,1884,1906]" pageId="40" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 150" refId="ref27424" refString="Hartmeyer R. 1919. Ascidien. In: Results of Dr. E. Mjobergs Swedish scientific expedition in Australia 1910 - 13. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Aarsberetning 60: 1 - 150." type="journal article" year="1919">Hartmeyer, 1919: 26</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9FB9DEA2FFF9FF87FF75FB2CFE001EAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5434660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434660/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" startId="41.[156,235,1153,1174]" targetBox="[157,1441,195,1121]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF75FB2CFE001EAB" blockId="41.[156,1436,1153,1204]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF9FF87FF75FB2CFEC41E8E" bold="true" box="[156,274,1153,1174]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Figure 31.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF9FF87FEF7FB2CFDF11E8F" ID-CoL="73FRT" authorityName=": Kott" authorityYear="1985" box="[286,551,1153,1175]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF9FF87FEF7FB2CFDF11E8F" box="[286,551,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Microcosmus exasperatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A, specimen from Madagascar ventrally opened. B,C,D, specimen from Aden. Scale bars: A = 1 cm, B,C,D = 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF75FAAAFDB81F23" blockId="41.[156,772,1286,1339]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="EBD6A904FFF9FF87FF75FAAAFDB81F23" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="090240C8FFF9FF87FF75FAAAFF101F04" box="[156,198,1287,1308]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4A67A83BFFF9FF87FF31FAAAFE6E1F22" author="Hartmeyer R & Michaelsen W" page="398" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" year="1928">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CC6F5A9FFF9FF87FF31FAAAFE6E1F22" ID-CoL="73FRR" authority=": Hartmeyer & Michaelsen, 1928: 398" authorityName=": Hartmeyer & Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="398" authorityYear="1928" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF9FF87FF31FAAAFD9F1F03" box="[216,585,1286,1308]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Microcosmus madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF9FF87FD88FAAAFE6E1F22" author="Hartmeyer R & Michaelsen W" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" pagination="251 - 460" refId="ref27480" refString="Hartmeyer R, Michaelsen W. 1928. Ascidiae Dicty- obranchiae und Ptychobranchiae. Fauna Sudwest-Australiens 5: 251 - 460." type="journal article" year="1928">Hartmeyer & Michaelsen, 1928: 398</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="4A67A83BFFF9FF87FE2DFA8BFDBC1F23" author="Kott P" box="[452,618,1317,1339]" page="35" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF57F3DBFFF9FF87FE2DFA8BFDBC1F23" author="Kott P" box="[452,618,1317,1339]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref27718" refString="Kott P. 1985. The Australian Ascidiacea. Part I. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985: 35</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83DCDDA1FFF9FF87FF75FADAFB2F1F8F" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF75FADAFED71F97" blockId="41.[156,658,1399,1454]" box="[156,257,1399,1423]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF9FF87FF75FADAFED71F97" box="[156,257,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Material</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF75FA35FD441FB6" blockId="41.[156,658,1399,1454]" box="[156,658,1432,1454]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B3D1CEBAFFF9FF87FF75FA35FEFE1FB6" box="[156,296,1432,1454]" name="Madagascar" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Nosy-Be, coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ADD716EFFFF9FF87FE30FA35FE381FB5" box="[473,494,1432,1453]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. Plante, 1967.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF75FA46FEF71C1A" blockId="41.[156,773,1515,1906]" box="[156,289,1515,1538]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
<emphasis id="F9B25238FFF9FF87FF75FA46FEF71C1A" box="[156,289,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF75F9A7FEC11CA2" blockId="41.[156,773,1515,1906]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
The single specimen is
|
||
<quantity id="0C3E23CFFFF9FF87FE45F9A7FE2E1C38" box="[428,504,1546,1568]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. The tunic is encrusted with coarse sediment and projects some long, hair-like extensions also encrusted with sand. The short siphons diverge at 90°. The siphonal spinules are very sharp spines issued from a wide base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF9FF87FF4DF909FEDD1CA2" box="[164,267,1700,1722]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="36.[145,224,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,195,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-115@36.[145,1425,195,1597]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 27. Siphonal spinules: A, Pyura gangelion; B, Pyura scortea; C, Pyura tongae; D, Microcosmus madagascariensis; E, Microcosmus pupa. Scale bars: A,C,D,E = 100 mm, B = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434652/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Fig. 27D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF5CF96FFD251D0E" blockId="41.[156,773,1515,1906]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">The body wall is rendered opaque by a dense musculature regularly distributed over the whole body. The oral velum is covered with button-like papillae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FF5CF8B3FBD41F42" blockId="41.[156,773,1515,1906]" lastBlockId="41.[820,1437,1286,1431]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">
|
||
Several orders of oral tentacles alternate; the largest tentacles have three orders of branching. The C-shaped dorsal tubercle opens to the left in the middle of a deep
|
||
<collectionCode id="ADD716EFFFF9FF87FBEFFAAAFBCE1F04" box="[1030,1048,1287,1308]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="41" pageNumber="106" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
of the prepharyngeal band (
|
||
<figureCitation id="53FD92AFFFF9FF87FA99FAABFCB01F23" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="42.[145,224,973,994]" captionTargetBox="[151,1420,197,940]" captionTargetId="figure-376@42.[139,1432,181,953]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 32. Microcosmus madagascariensis: A, body ventrally opened. B,C, external view of the left and right sides. D, dorsal tubercle area. E, detail of hepatic papillae. Scale bars: A,B,C = 1cm, D = 2mm, E = 0.5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5434662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5434662/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">Fig. 32D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The peritubercular area is papillate. The dorsal lamina is smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB798E2AFFF9FF87FCA4FACFFB2F1F8F" blockId="41.[820,1437,1286,1431]" pageId="41" pageNumber="106">The branchial sac has seven high folds on each side, overlapping each other. The formula is:</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |