264 lines
39 KiB
XML
264 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="10B05D058A9BE42716688C3CBF8364F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="55246" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="95de53d6-ac5c-424e-a3ed-087bc2e2912b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090240" ID-ZooBank="C6664128-1B4E-40C8-80E8-6D09AB49CB30" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1687949290506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2023" docId="03C387E86638FFE8FF68E6B285EFFE4E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5310.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5310 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Astrotholus antarcticus CASIZ" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFFAFF906631FFE3FFFFE7588613FFBB" masterDocTitle="New Genera, Species, and observations on the biology of Antarctic Valvatida (Asteroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1699537264752" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="723D16E5F368D4D8ED2E6FA9A8281E0E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="362810DCFD550145C4E8B4B70E7442C9">
|
||
<mods:title id="DD923E759AC95E0BAC07AA604320F21F">New Genera, Species, and observations on the biology of Antarctic Valvatida (Asteroidea)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="A95CE7786B4CB4B19CF8859588C53166" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2CA28788C725D4EE55191F4B1918941B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="75F66BF13A6FF3B7220E9AD9C952CCA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4F25C14E6A24144E1F4FE5F51F7E5AE6">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="897A9BD95DFEF2B1F81D30BD6E919C95">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="4AD5467AF23EAA18E42B118C9B8A3AB7" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="D600CDFFC4A23D6B3FBD059382094EBE">
|
||
<mods:title id="571B4F0648253AD8D1FA646D8B0EA115">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="D30F067ECB57EEF98EB7AA31ECCE1222">
|
||
<mods:date id="775885D42563FF2B62FB30B436DB9610">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2D9DB5256E0ECE0565FA0DF542032AE5" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="84DD7F199D47C01F9A5CD2F257A2D7AA">2023-06-27</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="B8351B312F19528845EC535E685812BA" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="D97DECABF10FF796C82373ED7653E477">5310</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="EC3ED55CEE5ADA05C2223A39EB98BAF6" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="0BC8AD0F0858F98854FCFE72710E2A6C">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="8D65474429368F2D3582AC5BFF2EC55D" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="6DEA127026D84B4F56E276434D8ECEE9">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="4030E5195C49C9F7F7C239FE7ABBC8A5">88</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="402CFE58B84D8DD3EFB91D13C217C4F1">
|
||
<mods:url id="24B298B07FE2ED35354B929F59A4F5A7">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="C81BAF484BC39FBBB6C012991DF4269A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C65FBEDFD8430695CA85478386AEB249" type="CLB-Dataset">55246</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BD515D21170EDC86ADED5CB47A6506AE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F20F7A2D92A2B616C38064BEFC97FF1A" type="GBIF-Dataset">95de53d6-ac5c-424e-a3ed-087bc2e2912b</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BCE401639B949D9B842D84A55D282F81" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="431757DFE7F121F8610BADE084B5BCA3" type="Zenodo-Dep">8090240</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B476E8374550625325883661357483FC" type="ZooBank">C6664128-1B4E-40C8-80E8-6D09AB49CB30</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C387E86638FFE8FF68E6B285EFFE4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090090" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210479564" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E86638FFE8FF68E6B285EFFE4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C387E86638FFE8FF68E6B285EFFE4E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756638FFEAFF68E6B28470FDBF" box="[151,611,490,517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E6B28470FDBF" blockId="9.[151,1344,490,583]" box="[151,611,490,517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<heading id="D09D81926638FFEAFF68E6B28470FDBF" bold="true" box="[151,611,490,517]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFF68E6B28470FDBF" ID-CoL="56b1ee9f-aebe-47db-9b4f-7d31b13cc502" authority="(Fisher, 1940)" authorityName="CASIZ" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[151,611,490,517]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Astrotholus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E6B28470FDBF" bold="true" box="[151,611,490,517]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E6B287A1FDBF" bold="true" box="[151,434,490,517]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Astrotholus antarcticus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFE3EE6B28448FDBF" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[449,603,490,516]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756638FFEAFF68E5578750FD92" box="[151,323,527,553]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E5578750FD92" blockId="9.[151,1344,490,583]" box="[151,323,527,553]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFF68E5578750FD92" box="[151,323,527,553]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 1A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756638FFEAFF68E5778353FDFC" box="[151,1344,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E5778353FDFC" blockId="9.[151,1344,490,583]" box="[151,1344,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7A11D06638FFEAFF68E5778353FDFC" box="[151,1344,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACB10EF6638FFEAFF68E577842AFDFC" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[151,569,559,583]" page="149" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1940">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFF68E577842AFDFC" ID-CoL="5V9WW" authority="Fisher, 1940: 149" authorityName="Fisher" authorityPageNumber="149" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,569,559,583]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Anseropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E577876DFDFC" box="[151,382,559,583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anseropoda antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFE7AE577842AFDFC" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[389,569,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher, 1940: 149</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACB10EF6638FFEAFDBCE57784E5FDFC" author="Madsen, F. J." box="[579,758,559,583]" page="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1955">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFDBCE57784E5FDFC" author="Madsen, F. J." box="[579,758,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref59977" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1955) Echinoderms other than holothurians collected in sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Seas, mainly by the Norvegia- Expeditions 1928 - 1930. Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expeditions 1927 - 1928, 37, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1955">Madsen 1955: 13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; A.M.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACB10EF6638FFEAFCC4E57785C1FDFC" author="Clark, A. M." box="[827,978,559,583]" page="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFCC4E57785C1FDFC" author="Clark, A. M." box="[827,978,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="68 - 70" refId="ref56254" refString="Clark, A. M. (1962) Asteroidea. B. A. N. Z. Antarctic Research Expedition 1929 - 1931, B 9, 68 - 70." type="journal article" year="1962">Clark 1962: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key only);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACB10EF6638FFEAFBB0E577832FFDFC" author="Bernasconi, I" box="[1103,1340,559,583]" page="344" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFBB0E577832FFDFC" author="Bernasconi, I" box="[1103,1340,559,583]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="335 - 346" refId="ref55665" refString="Bernasconi, I (1973 a) Asteroideos Argentinos. 6. Familia Asterinidae. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " e Instituto Nacional de Investigacion de las Ciencias Naturales, 3 (4), 335 - 346, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1973">Bernasconi 1973a: 344</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756638FFEAFF68E52D8323FC30" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E52D8719FD34" blockId="9.[151,1437,629,908]" box="[151,266,629,655]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E52D8719FD34" bold="true" box="[151,266,629,655]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF38E5C18323FC30" blockId="9.[151,1437,629,908]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Body stellate (R/r=1.4–1.7), disk thick, strongly arched. Interradial arcs weakly curved to straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFACCE5C1839DFD08" box="[1331,1422,665,691]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abactinal plates scalar, imbricate, covered by widely spaced truncate granuliform spinelets, 3 to 6, (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFAC6E5E58380FD6C" box="[1337,1427,701,727]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) distribution patterns associated with underlying plates. Superomarginals oval to quadrate with rounded edges in 1:1 relationship with inferomarginals. Superomarginals approximately twice to three times wider than inferomarginals, at least as viewed on the abactinal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFD6EE47184F8FCF8" box="[657,747,809,835]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Actinal plates with short, thorn-like spinelets, 2 to 5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFA90E47186A4FCDC" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furrow spines thorn-like, webbed 2 to 5 (6 indicated on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6638FFEAFC64E41585DEFCDC" box="[923,973,845,871]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
) with spine number decreasing distally. Subambulacral spines, 2–5, webbed, arranged as an oblique comb relative to the furrow spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFB35E4298330FC30" box="[1226,1315,881,907]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756638FFEAFF68E4E1829FFA4B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E4E1870BFC68" blockId="9.[151,1437,953,1088]" box="[151,280,953,979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E4E1870BFC68" bold="true" box="[151,280,953,979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF38E4868784FBFB" blockId="9.[151,1437,953,1088]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Except for a further occurrence of this species from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6638FFEAFCA5E4868599FC43" box="[858,906,990,1016]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFC05E4858289FC43" author="Madsen, F. J." box="[1018,1178,989,1016]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref59977" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1955) Echinoderms other than holothurians collected in sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Seas, mainly by the Norvegia- Expeditions 1928 - 1930. Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expeditions 1927 - 1928, 37, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1955">Madsen 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), few accounts of this species have been reported since its original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFCE5E35985B6FBA0" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[794,933,1025,1051]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Species epithet has been changed to reflect change in genus name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E3358584FB3C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1133,1412]" box="[151,919,1133,1160]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E3358584FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,919,1133,1160]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Comment on
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36638FFEAFEC6E3358584FB3C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000369" box="[313,919,1133,1160]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="E10104" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6638FFEAFEC6E33587B5FB3C" box="[313,422,1133,1159]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7BAE3B6638FFEAFE52E33587ECFB3C" box="[429,511,1133,1159]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856638FFEAFDF9E335844DFB3C" box="[518,606,1133,1159]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">E10104</specimenCode>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFD6FE3358584FB3C" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1940" box="[656,919,1133,1160]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Anseropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFD6FE3358584FB3C" bold="true" box="[656,919,1133,1160]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anseropoda antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF38E3C98221FA38" blockId="9.[151,1437,1133,1412]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Examination of USNM E10104, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6638FFEAFD9AE3CA84D6FB17" box="[613,709,1170,1196]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFC8BE3C9826BFB10" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1940" box="[884,1144,1169,1195]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Anseropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFC8BE3C9826BFB10" box="[884,1144,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anseropoda antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFB0CE3C9838FFB17" author="Ahearn, C. G." box="[1267,1436,1169,1196]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref55098" refString="Ahearn, C. G. (1995) Catalog of the type specimens of seastars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 572, 1 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.572" type="journal article" year="1995">Ahearn (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reveals that it is incorrectly identified and not part of the original type series as designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFB36E3ED8376FB74" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1225,1381,1205,1231]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The specimen displays the plate pattern and the continuous granulation that identifies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFBBCE3818342FB48" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1920" box="[1091,1361,1241,1267]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Kampylaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="incurvatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFBBCE3818342FB48" box="[1091,1361,1241,1267]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Kampylaster incurvatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFF2FE3A587C2FAAC" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1940" box="[208,465,1277,1303]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Anseropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF2FE3A587C2FAAC" box="[208,465,1277,1303]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anseropoda antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFE1FE3A58469FAAC" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[480,634,1277,1303]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776638FFEAFD38E3A68596FAAC" box="[711,901,1277,1304]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
as part of the original type series, all of which were confirmed in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFE60E27A8402FA80" box="[415,529,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Discovery</emphasis>
|
||
collections at the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFD18E2798520FA80" box="[743,819,1313,1339]" class="Mammalia" family="Suidae" genus="British" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">British</taxonomicName>
|
||
Museum of Natural History (J. Ablett, pers. comm.). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6638FFEAFEF7E21D8400FAE4" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1920" box="[264,531,1349,1375]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Kampylaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="incurvatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFEF7E21D8400FAE4" box="[264,531,1349,1375]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Kampylaster incurvatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reported in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6638FFEAFD4BE21D855EFAE4" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[692,845,1349,1375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, no specimens from the Clarence Island type locality were listed in his account bringing the locality data for USNM E10104 into doubt.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E2E9829FFA4B" blockId="9.[151,1164,1457,1520]" box="[151,1164,1457,1520]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E2E98785FA54" bold="true" box="[151,406,1457,1519]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Occurrence Bransfield Strait,</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36638FFEAFE62E28D829FFA4B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000393" box="[413,1164,1493,1520]" county="Southern Ocean." elevation="328" location="Clarence Island" municipality="King George Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="8EB560256638FFEAFE62E28D845CFA54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E86638FFE8FF68E6B285EFFE4E:8EB560256638FFEAFE62E28D845CFA54" box="[413,591,1493,1519]" county="Southern Ocean." municipality="King George Island" name="Clarence Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Clarence Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846638FFEAFDA5E28D852AFA54" box="[602,825,1493,1519]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">King George Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62B44E726638FFEAFCBBE28D8213FA54" box="[836,1024,1493,1519]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Southern Ocean.</collectingCounty>
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6638FFEAFBF9E28D829BFA4B" box="[1030,1160,1493,1520]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.275" metricValueMax="4.26" metricValueMin="2.29" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="327.5" valueMax="426.0" valueMin="229.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD6638FFEAFBF9E28D829BFA4B" box="[1030,1160,1493,1520]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.275" metricValueMax="4.26" metricValueMin="2.29" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="327.5" valueMax="426.0" valueMin="229.0">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFBF9E28D8223FA54" bold="true" box="[1030,1072,1493,1519]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">229</emphasis>
|
||
–426 m
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756638FFE8FF68E14585EFFE4E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF68E1458732F98C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1565,2024]" box="[151,289,1565,1591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6638FFEAFF68E1458732F98C" bold="true" box="[151,289,1565,1591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF38E11987C2F9C4" blockId="9.[151,1437,1565,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Body shape stellate (R/r=1.4–1.7), body arched, disk thick, actinal surface concave, interradial arcs weakly curved to straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFE95E13D87D0F9C4" box="[362,451,1637,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFEAFF38E1D187A3F8C0" blockId="9.[151,1437,1565,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Abactinal plates thin, scalar, imbricate with a curved external free edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFC1FE1D18226F918" box="[992,1077,1673,1699]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larger round, polygonal plates proximally with two to three series of plates extending along the radial arm regions. Interradial plates elongate, in distinct series extending from radial abactinal plates to the superomarginal plates. Abactinal plate surface covered with evenly spaced truncate granuliform spinelets, 3 to 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFCEBE1AD857AF8B4" box="[788,873,1781,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spinelets with fine tips, 4–6. Papular pores single present around proximal arm region and to approximately midway along the arm in single series, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6638FFEAFA7FE04186BEF8EC" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
|
||
the specimens examined (
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6638FFEAFE2AE065841CF8EC" box="[469,527,1853,1879]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6638FFEAFDC0E06584B5F8EC" box="[575,678,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Madreporite quadrate to triangular, flanked by approximately four adjacent abactinal plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6638FFE8FF38E0DD845FFEA6" blockId="9.[151,1437,1565,2024]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Marginal plates 42–48 at R=1.4 and 1.8 respectively, imbricate. Superomarginals oval to quadrate with rounded edges in shape in 1:1 relationship with inferomarginals. Superomarginals approximately twice to three times wider than inferomarginals, at least when viewed from the abactinal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6638FFEAFC4DE095821AF85C" box="[946,1033,1997,2023]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inferomarginals, teardrop to ovate sitting at an oblique angle to the superomarginals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B663AFFE8FD2FE7CF8537FF0A" box="[720,804,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both marginal plates imbricate arrangement forming a crenulated outline around the lateral edge of the body. A shallow trench formed at contact between superomarginal and inferomarginal series. Superomarginals and inferomarginals with 5–12 granuliform spinelets with fine tips, 4–6 similar to those on the abactinal plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF156676663BFFE9FF68E02D825DF842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE663BFFE9FF68E02D825DF842" blockId="10.[151,1436,1908,2041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FF68E02D8705F836" bold="true" box="[151,278,1909,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D663BFFE9FEE0E02C84EEF836" authority="(Fisher 1940) CASIZ" authorityName="CASIZ" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[287,765,1908,1933]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Astrotholus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FEE0E02C8405F836" bold="true" box="[287,534,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Astrotholus antarcticus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F663BFFE9FDD9E02D84B7F836" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[550,676,1909,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) CASIZ
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
175766.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FC9DE02D8568F836" bold="true" box="[866,891,1909,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FC0AE02D821FF836" bold="true" box="[1013,1036,1909,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FE91E0C18795F80A" bold="true" box="[366,390,1945,1969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C.</emphasis>
|
||
USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FAF0E0C1833BF80A" bold="true" box="[1295,1320,1945,1969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FD05E0E58502F86E" bold="true" box="[762,785,1981,2005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Oral view showing general morphology.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D663BFFE9FB4DE0E5873AF842" authority="(Fisher, 1940)" authorityName="CASIZ" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Asteroidea" family="Asterinidae" genus="Astrotholus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FB4DE0E5838FF86F" box="[1202,1436,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Astrotholus antarcticus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F663BFFE9FF61E0B98731F842" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[158,290,2017,2041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="69 - 306" refId="ref57901" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1940) Asteroidea. Discovery Reports, 20, 69 - 306." type="journal article" year="1940">Fisher, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC663BFFE9FECDE0B98756F842" bold="true" box="[306,325,2017,2041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE663AFFE8FF38E67F82B9FEDE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Actinal plates in regular oblique transverse series, approximately 42–48, each corresponding to inferomarginals and the adambulacral plate. Actinal plates with short, thorn-like spinelets, 2 to 5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B663AFFE8FBD9E613828EFEDE" box="[1062,1181,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE663AFFE8FF38E63785EFFE4E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Furrow spines thorn-like, webbed 2 to 5 (6 indicated on the type) with spine number decreasing distally. Subambulacral spines, 2–5, webbed, arranged as an oblique comb relative to the furrow spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B663AFFE8FB24E6CB8346FE16" box="[1243,1365,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-28@10.[198,1390,180,1883]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher 1940) CASIZ 175766. A. Abactinal. B. Closeup of abactinal surface showing plates and granules. C. USNM 1573471, Distal armtip abactinal-lateral view showing superomarginal plates. D. Oral view, close showing oral plates/spines, furrow spines, accessories. E. Oral view showing general morphology. Astrotholus antarcticus (Fisher, 1940). F. Actinal-lateral view showing actinal plates, spinelets, inferomarginal plates." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090244" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090244/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral plates with 9–12 webbed furrow spines, 8 cited the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C663AFFE8FD10E6EF8542FE6A" box="[751,849,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description. Oral plate with raised ridge, each half bearing 3–4 thorn-like spinelets (6 total per interradius). Central fissure wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |