257 lines
30 KiB
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257 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4cbda95a-5b4a-45e9-b53a-9b90db01ee17" ID-PMC="PMC8688410" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-187-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8" ID-PubMed="35002365" ModsDocID="1314-2003-187-23" checkinTime="1639455686940" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Morales, Eduardo A., Wetzel, Carlos E. & Ector, Luc" docDate="2021" docId="5251216BAC505692B5DD59CE1B59CE26" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 187: 23-70" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 187" docPubDate="2021-12-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338" docTitle="Nanofrustulum cataractarum (Hustedt) C. E. Wetzel, E. Morales & Ector in Morales et al. 2019 b, Plant Ecology and Evolution 152, p. 275." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="6AF5EAA0500558E5838FD916171188B8" masterDocTitle="New and poorly known " araphid " diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from regions near Lake Titicaca, South America and a discussion on the continued use of morphological characters in " araphid " diatom taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668140567392" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New and poorly known " araphid " diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from regions near Lake Titicaca, South America and a discussion on the continued use of morphological characters in " araphid " diatom taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Morales, Eduardo A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Water Laboratory, University of Evora, P. I. T. E. Rua da Barba Rala No. 1, 7005 - 345 Evora, Portugal & Institute of Earth Sciences - ICT, University of Evora, Rua Romao Ramalho n °. 59, 7000 - 671 Evora, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">edu_mora123@outlook.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Wetzel, Carlos E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Observatory for Climate, Environment and Biodiversity (OCEB), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ector, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Observatory for Climate, Environment and Biodiversity (OCEB), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2021-12-13</mods:number>
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<mods:number>187</mods:number>
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-187-23</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191535328" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5251216BAC505692B5DD59CE1B59CE26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5251216BAC505692B5DD59CE1B59CE26" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="5251216B-AC50-5692-B5DD-59CE1B59CE26" authority="(Hustedt) C. E. Wetzel, E. Morales & Ector in Morales et al. 2019 b, Plant Ecology and Evolution 152, p. 275." authorityName="(Hustedt) C. E. Wetzel, E. Morales & Ector in Morales et al. 2019 b, Plant Ecology and Evolution 152, p. 275." class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Staurosiraceae" genus="Nanofrustulum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nanofrustulum cataractarum" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cataractarum">Nanofrustulum cataractarum (Hustedt) C.E. Wetzel, E. Morales & Ector in Morales et al. 2019b, Plant Ecology and Evolution 152, p. 275.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figs 1A-E (LM), 2A, B (SEM)</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="basionym">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Basionym.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Coscinodiscophyceae" family="Melosiraceae" genus="Melosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melosira cataractarum" order="Melosirales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="cataractarum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Melosira cataractarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B33" refString="Hustedt, F, 1938. Systematische und oekologische Untersuchungen ueber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra nach dem Material der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. Teil I. Systematischer Teil. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie (Supplement 15): 131-177." title="Systematische und oekologische Untersuchungen ueber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra nach dem Material der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. Teil I. Systematischer Teil. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie (Supplement 15): 131 - 177." year="1938">Hustedt 1938</bibRefCitation>
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, Archiv
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<normalizedToken originalValue="für">fuer</normalizedToken>
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Hydrobiologie, Supplement 15, p. 142, pl. 9, figs 6-7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Most current illustrations of type material:
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetzel, CE" journalOrPublisher="Acta Nova" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="53 - 63" refId="B129" refString="Wetzel, CE, Morales, EA, Blanco, S, Ector, L, 2013a. Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former "centric" diatom. Acta Nova 6 (1-2): 53 - 63" title="Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former " centric " diatom." volume="6" year="2013 a">Wetzel et al. 2013a</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1A-AB, 2A-G;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2018.1460278" author="Beauger, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany Letters" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 13" refId="B8" refString="Beauger, A, Wetzel, CE, Voldoire, O, Ector, L, 2019. Pseudostaurosira bardii (Fragilariaceae, Bacillariophyta), a new species from a saline hydrothermal spring of the Massif Central (France). Botany Letters 166 (1): 3 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2018.1460278" title="Pseudostaurosira bardii (Fragilariaceae, Bacillariophyta), a new species from a saline hydrothermal spring of the Massif Central (France)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2018.1460278" volume="166" year="2019">Beauger et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 93, 94.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-M</emphasis>
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' LM images of little known and new
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“araphid”">"araphid"</normalizedToken>
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diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-E</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Staurosiraceae" genus="Nanofrustulum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nanofrustulum cataractarum" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cataractarum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nanofrustulum cataractarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F-L</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. rarissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="rarissimum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. rarissimum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">M-S</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Pseudostaurosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sajamaensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">T-Z</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. pulchra" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">P. pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1U</figureCitation>
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is the holotype)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A’">A'</normalizedToken>
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-G
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</emphasis>
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'
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. aedes" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="aedes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">P. aedes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1A</figureCitation>
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' is the holotype).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="H’">H'</normalizedToken>
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-M
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</emphasis>
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'
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. heteropolaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="heteropolaris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">P. heteropolaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1I</figureCitation>
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' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="synonym">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Synonym.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Pseudostaurosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudostaurosira cataractarum" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="cataractarum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Pseudostaurosira cataractarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Hustedt) C.E. Wetzel, E. Morales & Ector in
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetzel, CE" journalOrPublisher="Acta Nova" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="53 - 63" refId="B129" refString="Wetzel, CE, Morales, EA, Blanco, S, Ector, L, 2013a. Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former "centric" diatom. Acta Nova 6 (1-2): 53 - 63" title="Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former " centric " diatom." volume="6" year="2013 a">Wetzel et al. 2013a</bibRefCitation>
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Acta Nova 6(1-2), p. 60.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Comment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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The taxon was first described for insular Asia, specifically from Java, Indonesia, by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B33" refString="Hustedt, F, 1938. Systematische und oekologische Untersuchungen ueber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra nach dem Material der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. Teil I. Systematischer Teil. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie (Supplement 15): 131-177." title="Systematische und oekologische Untersuchungen ueber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra nach dem Material der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. Teil I. Systematischer Teil. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie (Supplement 15): 131 - 177." year="1938">Hustedt (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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. Type material was reanalyzed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetzel, CE" journalOrPublisher="Acta Nova" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="53 - 63" refId="B129" refString="Wetzel, CE, Morales, EA, Blanco, S, Ector, L, 2013a. Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former "centric" diatom. Acta Nova 6 (1-2): 53 - 63" title="Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former " centric " diatom." volume="6" year="2013 a">Wetzel et al. (2013a)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2018.1460278" author="Beauger, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany Letters" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 13" refId="B8" refString="Beauger, A, Wetzel, CE, Voldoire, O, Ector, L, 2019. Pseudostaurosira bardii (Fragilariaceae, Bacillariophyta), a new species from a saline hydrothermal spring of the Massif Central (France). Botany Letters 166 (1): 3 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2018.1460278" title="Pseudostaurosira bardii (Fragilariaceae, Bacillariophyta), a new species from a saline hydrothermal spring of the Massif Central (France)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2018.1460278" volume="166" year="2019">Beauger et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
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and regional and worldwide distributions were presented in
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<bibRefCitation author="Wetzel, CE" journalOrPublisher="Acta Nova" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="53 - 63" refId="B129" refString="Wetzel, CE, Morales, EA, Blanco, S, Ector, L, 2013a. Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former "centric" diatom. Acta Nova 6 (1-2): 53 - 63" title="Pseudostaurosira cataractarum comb. nov. (Bacillariophyta): Type analysis, ecology and world distribution of a former " centric " diatom." volume="6" year="2013 a">Wetzel et al. (2013a)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0188-0" author="Grana, L" journalOrPublisher="Brazilian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="809 - 821" refId="B26" refString="Grana, L, Morales, EA, Besta, T, Echazu, D, Wetzel, CE, Novais, MH, Rajdlova, H, Ector, L, Maidana, NI, 2015. On the geographical distribution and ecology of Pseudostaurosira cataractarum (Bacillariophyceae): New findings in the Palearctic and Neotropic ecozones. Brazilian Journal of Botany 38 (4): 809 - 821, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0188-0" title="On the geographical distribution and ecology of Pseudostaurosira cataractarum (Bacillariophyceae): New findings in the Palearctic and Neotropic ecozones." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0188-0" volume="38" year="2015">Grana et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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As presented in Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of Pseudostaurosira heteropolaris sp. nov and P. oblonga sp. nov. with morphologically similar, congeneric species. Features in bold italic font are defining for each taxon." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/009BD763684518B7745FDC7FF8BB0A03" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" tableUuid="009BD763684518B7745FDC7FF8BB0A03">2</tableCitation>
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in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0188-0" author="Grana, L" journalOrPublisher="Brazilian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="809 - 821" refId="B26" refString="Grana, L, Morales, EA, Besta, T, Echazu, D, Wetzel, CE, Novais, MH, Rajdlova, H, Ector, L, Maidana, NI, 2015. On the geographical distribution and ecology of Pseudostaurosira cataractarum (Bacillariophyceae): New findings in the Palearctic and Neotropic ecozones. Brazilian Journal of Botany 38 (4): 809 - 821, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0188-0" title="On the geographical distribution and ecology of Pseudostaurosira cataractarum (Bacillariophyceae): New findings in the Palearctic and Neotropic ecozones." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0188-0" volume="38" year="2015">Grana et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. cataractarum" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cataractarum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. cataractarum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Bolivia (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-M ' LM images of little known and new " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A-E Nanofrustulum cataractarum F-L N. rarissimum M-S Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis T-Z P. pulchra sp. nov. (Fig. 1 U is the holotype) A' - G ' P. aedes sp. nov. (Fig. 1 A ' is the holotype). H' - M ' P. heteropolaris sp. nov. (Fig. 1 I ' is the holotype). Scale bar: 10 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622438" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM images of little known " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Nanofrustulum cataractarum A specimen from the Desaguadero River, showing quasifract girdle elements with prominent ligulae (white arrows) B specimen from the Sajama River showing common internal depression into which the areolae open (dotted arrows) and the blister-like depositions of silica at the abvalvar edge of the mantle C, D N. rarissimum from the Desaguadero River C small, spineless valve D internal view showing apical and foot pole pore fields (black arrows) and internal depressions containing all areolae within a stria (dotted arrow) E, F Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis from the Desaguadero River E top view showing gradual transition of valve face to mantle and the reduced apical pore fields (black arrow) F side view of two half cells still attached by heavily silicified spines. Notice open girdle elements (white arrows). Scale bars: 1 µm (B); 3 µm (C, E); 4 µm (A, D); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622439" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) are smaller (length and width: 4.5-5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) than specimens in Asian type material (length 5.8-8.2, width 5.4-7.2), and the stria density of the Bolivian population is higher than that from Asia (18-20 and 15-28 in 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, respectively). Regarding the areola density there is a complete overlap between both populations (2.5-3.5 in Bolivian specimens and 1-4 per 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in Asian ones). Other features, such as the pattern of areolation in both valve face and mantle, the ample, round to oval axial area, the round to slightly elongated base and flattened body of the spines with small lateral projections, are similar in both populations. Also, the depression into which the areolae from valve face and mantle open internally is similar in Bolivian and Asian specimens (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM images of little known " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Nanofrustulum cataractarum A specimen from the Desaguadero River, showing quasifract girdle elements with prominent ligulae (white arrows) B specimen from the Sajama River showing common internal depression into which the areolae open (dotted arrows) and the blister-like depositions of silica at the abvalvar edge of the mantle C, D N. rarissimum from the Desaguadero River C small, spineless valve D internal view showing apical and foot pole pore fields (black arrows) and internal depressions containing all areolae within a stria (dotted arrow) E, F Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis from the Desaguadero River E top view showing gradual transition of valve face to mantle and the reduced apical pore fields (black arrow) F side view of two half cells still attached by heavily silicified spines. Notice open girdle elements (white arrows). Scale bars: 1 µm (B); 3 µm (C, E); 4 µm (A, D); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622439" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The features of the girdle elements with short but wide body and prominent ligula is also comparable in both populations. The Bolivian specimens tended to have more prominent blister depositions at the abvalvar edge of the mantle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM images of little known " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Nanofrustulum cataractarum A specimen from the Desaguadero River, showing quasifract girdle elements with prominent ligulae (white arrows) B specimen from the Sajama River showing common internal depression into which the areolae open (dotted arrows) and the blister-like depositions of silica at the abvalvar edge of the mantle C, D N. rarissimum from the Desaguadero River C small, spineless valve D internal view showing apical and foot pole pore fields (black arrows) and internal depressions containing all areolae within a stria (dotted arrow) E, F Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis from the Desaguadero River E top view showing gradual transition of valve face to mantle and the reduced apical pore fields (black arrow) F side view of two half cells still attached by heavily silicified spines. Notice open girdle elements (white arrows). Scale bars: 1 µm (B); 3 µm (C, E); 4 µm (A, D); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622439" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). All populations reported from around the world lack apical pore fields, and areolae flaps or spine stipules have not been reported either.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622439" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
SEM images of little known
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“araphid”">"araphid"</normalizedToken>
|
||
diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Staurosiraceae" genus="Nanofrustulum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nanofrustulum cataractarum" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cataractarum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Nanofrustulum cataractarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from the Desaguadero River, showing quasifract girdle elements with prominent ligulae (white arrows)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
specimen from the Sajama River showing common internal depression into which the areolae open (dotted arrows) and the blister-like depositions of silica at the abvalvar edge of the mantle
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. rarissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="rarissimum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">N. rarissimum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Desaguadero River
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
|
||
small, spineless valve
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
|
||
internal view showing apical and foot pole pore fields (black arrows) and internal depressions containing all areolae within a stria (dotted arrow)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Pseudostaurosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sajamaensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Desaguadero River
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
top view showing gradual transition of valve face to mantle and the reduced apical pore fields (black arrow)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
side view of two half cells still attached by heavily silicified spines. Notice open girdle elements (white arrows). Scale bars: 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C, E</emphasis>
|
||
); 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A, D</emphasis>
|
||
); 5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Taking into account all the above-mentioned reports, the dimensions for this taxon are length: 2.8-8.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; width: 2.7-7.2; stria density: 15-29 in 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; areola density: 1-4 in 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
In Bolivia, the taxon has been found in the Desaguadero and Sajama rivers. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM images of little known " araphid " diatoms from the Bolivian Altiplano A, B Nanofrustulum cataractarum A specimen from the Desaguadero River, showing quasifract girdle elements with prominent ligulae (white arrows) B specimen from the Sajama River showing common internal depression into which the areolae open (dotted arrows) and the blister-like depositions of silica at the abvalvar edge of the mantle C, D N. rarissimum from the Desaguadero River C small, spineless valve D internal view showing apical and foot pole pore fields (black arrows) and internal depressions containing all areolae within a stria (dotted arrow) E, F Pseudostaurosira sajamaensis from the Desaguadero River E top view showing gradual transition of valve face to mantle and the reduced apical pore fields (black arrow) F side view of two half cells still attached by heavily silicified spines. Notice open girdle elements (white arrows). Scale bars: 1 µm (B); 3 µm (C, E); 4 µm (A, D); 5 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/622439" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
is the first illustration of the taxon for the Desaguadero River.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |