250 lines
38 KiB
XML
250 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FC59E87D3B9FA521CEE23F05B9F1B145">On two species of the spider genus Sphecozone O. P. - Cambridge and a case of hermaphroditism in Sphecozone personata (Simon, 1864) (Araneae: Linyphiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="774575431595080E27388A37B94FEEF1">Rodrigues, Everton Nei Lopes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="90FEBD0FFDDB80B89F241EAF9159FA75">Ott, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1548F25A90817A8E8EE403729AF689D0">Mendonça, Milton De S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0BE0383F3418BE950367BE2F3B0109C0">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="35A4A82D13A708CFD339C9D338D125A7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.208645</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="EE318B5FFF8BFFB5FF41FB683966FE4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6175350" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119429239" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6175350" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE318B5FFF8BFFB5FF41FB683966FE4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EE318B5FFF8BFFB5FF41FB683966FE4F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection id="2E8269C2FF8BFFB0FF41FB683DB7F942" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB0FF41FB683E08F8A4" blockId="1.[151,559,1226,1284]" box="[151,559,1226,1250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<heading id="3D6F8D25FF8BFFB0FF41FB683E08F8A4" bold="true" box="[151,559,1226,1250]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8BFFB0FF41FB683E08F8A4" ID-CoL="6YY52" authority="Simon, 1894" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,559,1226,1250]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FF41FB683E08F8A4" bold="true" box="[151,559,1226,1250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FF41FB683DABF8A4" bold="true" box="[151,396,1226,1250]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8BFFB0FE4CFB683E0FF8A4" author="Simon" box="[410,552,1226,1250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Simon, E. (1894) Histoire Naturelle des Araignees. Deuxieme edition, Paris, vol. 1, pp. 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894">Simon, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB0FF41FB4F3DB7F942" blockId="1.[151,559,1226,1284]" box="[151,400,1261,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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(
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FF49FB4F3D34F942" box="[159,275,1261,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,209,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1782]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Sphecozone rostrata: (1, 2) Male palp: (1) ectal, (2) mesal. (3, 4) Epigynum: (3) ventral, (4) dorsal, cleared. (5) Male carapace, lateral. Sphecozone personata: (6, 7) Male palp: (6) ectal, (7) mesal. (8, 9) Epigynum: (8) ventral, (9) dorsal, cleared. (10) Male carapace, lateral. (A: atrium; AL: anterior lobe of dorsal epigynal plate; AP: anterior process of ventral epigynal plate; BCE: basal cymbial excavation; CD: copulatory duct; CL: column; DP: dorsal plate; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; FD: fertilization duct; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; S: spermathecae; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VP: ventral plate). Scale bars: 0,1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208646/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Figs. 6–10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FECBFB4F3D46F942" box="[285,353,1261,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">11–19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FEBAFB4F3DA0F942" box="[364,391,1261,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 20, 21" captionStartId="4.[151,269,968,992]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,569,943]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,561,958]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 20, 21. Spider distribution in time during two years of sampling in the riparian forests of southern Brazil. (11) Sphecozone rostrata. (12) Sphecozone personata (1 – 16: sample order; win: winter; spr: spring; sum: summer; aut: autumn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208648/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">21</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2E8269C2FF8BFFB0FF41FA913FBFF9CF" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB0FF41FA913D86F92F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1330,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="46881D67FF8BFFB0FF41FA913D86F92F" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8BFFB0FF41FA913E12F90F" authority="Simon, 1894:672" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="672" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,565,1330,1354]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Typhistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personatus">
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FF41FA913D51F90C" box="[151,374,1331,1354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Typhistes personatus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="E7391C58FF8BFFB0FEAAFA903E12F90F" author="Simon" box="[380,565,1330,1353]" page="672" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" year="1894">
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<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8BFFB0FEAAFA903E20F90F" author="Simon" box="[380,519,1330,1353]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Simon, E. (1894) Histoire Naturelle des Araignees. Deuxieme edition, Paris, vol. 1, pp. 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894">Simon, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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:672
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="B92384EBFF8BFFB0FD95FA903E81F90F" box="[579,678,1330,1353]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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3 and Ƥ, south
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<collectingCountry id="1E8F7AD9FF8BFFB0FC8EFA903FBBF90F" box="[856,924,1330,1353]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, in MNHN, not examined);
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<treatmentCitation id="E7391C58FF8BFFB0FB1FFA9039BFF90F" author="Roewer" box="[1225,1432,1330,1353]" page="710" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" year="1942">
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<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8BFFB0FB1FFA903945F90F" author="Roewer" box="[1225,1378,1330,1353]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1942) Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940, vol. 1. Bremen: Natura." type="book chapter" year="1942">Roewer, 1942</bibRefCitation>
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: 710
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="E7391C58FF8BFFB0FF11FAF03DB9F92F" author="Bonnet" box="[199,414,1362,1385]" page="4742" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" year="1959">
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<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8BFFB0FF11FAF03D7DF92F" author="Bonnet" box="[199,346,1362,1385]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Bonnet, P. (1959) Bibliographia araneorum, vol. 2, (part 5, T-Z). Toulouse: Les Freres Douladoure, p. 4231 - 5058." type="journal article" year="1959">Bonnet, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 4742
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB0FF41FAD03FBFF9CF" blockId="1.[151,1436,1330,1417]" box="[151,920,1394,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="46881D67FF8BFFB0FF41FAD03FBFF9CF" box="[151,920,1394,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8BFFB0FF41FAD03E4CF9CF" ID-CoL="6YY52" authority="Millidge, 1991: 175" authorityName="Millidge" authorityPageNumber="175" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,619,1394,1417]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FF41FAD03DA1F9CF" box="[151,390,1394,1417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
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||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="E7391C58FF8BFFB0FE42FAD03E4CF9CF" author="Millidge" box="[404,619,1394,1417]" page="175" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8BFFB0FE42FAD03E11F9CF" author="Millidge" box="[404,566,1394,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Millidge A. F. (1991) Further linyphiid spiders (Araneae) from South America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 205, 1 - 199." type="journal article" year="1991">Millidge, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 175
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, f. 739–742;
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<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8BFFB0FD21FAD03FB3F9CF" author="Platnick" box="[759,916,1394,1417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" refString="Platnick, N. I. (2011) The world spider catalog, version 11. 5. American Museum of Natural History, available on line at: http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / index. html." type="journal article" year="2011">Platnick, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="2E8269C2FF8BFFB0FF41FA163D91F98A" box="[151,438,1460,1484]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB0FF41FA163D91F98A" blockId="1.[151,1437,1460,2004]" box="[151,438,1460,1484]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FF41FA163D2BF98A" bold="true" box="[151,268,1460,1484]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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See
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FEE8FA173D91F98A" box="[318,438,1461,1484]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
|
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<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8BFFB0FEE8FA173D96F98A" box="[318,433,1461,1484]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">S. rostrata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2E8269C2FF8BFFB2FF11FA753812FA84" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="description">
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<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB0FF11FA753803FB2A" blockId="1.[151,1437,1460,2004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8BFFB0FF11FA753D75F9A9" bold="true" box="[199,338,1495,1519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Description.</emphasis>
|
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Male (MCN 47501): Total length 1.65. Carapace length 0.82, width 0.52, height 0.30. Clypeus height 0.13. Sternum length 0.40, width 0.35. Abdomen length 0.85, width 0.60, height 0.60. Leg formula IV/I/II/III; lengths (I/ II/III/IV): femora 0.52/0.44/0.40/0.57; patellae 0.12/0.15/0.12/0.15; tibiae 0.44/0.44/0.35/0.50; metatarsi 0.35/0.37/0.35/ 0.44; tarsi 0.27/0.27/0.25/0.25; total 1.70/1.67/1.47/1.91. Coxae III slightly smaller; coxae IV separated by more than their width. TmI 0.44. Metatarsal trichobothria I–III present, IV absent. Tibial spine formula: 1-1-1-1. Eye diameters: AME 0.0 3, ALE, PME and PLE 0.0 5. Eyes with dark borders (
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FCECF9273FB3FADA" box="[826,916,1669,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,209,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1782]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Sphecozone rostrata: (1, 2) Male palp: (1) ectal, (2) mesal. (3, 4) Epigynum: (3) ventral, (4) dorsal, cleared. (5) Male carapace, lateral. Sphecozone personata: (6, 7) Male palp: (6) ectal, (7) mesal. (8, 9) Epigynum: (8) ventral, (9) dorsal, cleared. (10) Male carapace, lateral. (A: atrium; AL: anterior lobe of dorsal epigynal plate; AP: anterior process of ventral epigynal plate; BCE: basal cymbial excavation; CD: copulatory duct; CL: column; DP: dorsal plate; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; FD: fertilization duct; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; S: spermathecae; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VP: ventral plate). Scale bars: 0,1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208646/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FC49F9273F9CFADA" box="[927,955,1669,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">11</figureCitation>
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||
). Ocular area dark-brown. Clypeus glabrous. Carapace dark red-brown, projected and pubescent in the cephalic region (
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FC6FF90A382EFAF9" box="[953,1033,1704,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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). Chelicerae and endites pale orange. Labium brownish. Chelicerae promargin with five teeth, retromargin with four. Sternum (
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FB80F9683884FAA7" box="[1110,1187,1738,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) pale orange with dark red-brown borders, posteriorly truncated. Coxa yellowish; femurae and patellae pale orange; legs I–III tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi brown; leg IV tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi dark-brown. Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FC7FF8B23FD3FB61" box="[937,1012,1808,1831]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) and spinnerets brownish. Colulus well developed. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short and curved; prolateral tibial apophysis long, pointed dorsally. Membranous column and embolic membrane present. Embolus long with several turns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8BFFB0FC67F8F73831FB2A" box="[945,1046,1877,1900]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,209,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1782]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Sphecozone rostrata: (1, 2) Male palp: (1) ectal, (2) mesal. (3, 4) Epigynum: (3) ventral, (4) dorsal, cleared. (5) Male carapace, lateral. Sphecozone personata: (6, 7) Male palp: (6) ectal, (7) mesal. (8, 9) Epigynum: (8) ventral, (9) dorsal, cleared. (10) Male carapace, lateral. (A: atrium; AL: anterior lobe of dorsal epigynal plate; AP: anterior process of ventral epigynal plate; BCE: basal cymbial excavation; CD: copulatory duct; CL: column; DP: dorsal plate; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; FD: fertilization duct; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; S: spermathecae; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VP: ventral plate). Scale bars: 0,1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208646/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Figs. 6, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF8BFFB2FF11F8DA3812FA84" blockId="1.[151,1437,1460,2004]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2037]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Female (MCN 47501; as male except noted): Total length 1.57. Carapace length 0.62, width 0.52, height 0.27. Clypeus height 0.0 8. Sternum length 0.37, width 0.37. Abdomen length 1.0 2, width 0.75, height 0.77. Leg formula IV/I/ II/III; lengths (I/II/III/IV): femora 0.50/0.47/0.42/0.57; patellae 0.17/0.15/0.15/0.15; tibiae 0.40/0.37/0.30/0.44; metatarsi 0.37/0.35/0.32/0.40; tarsi 0.25/0.27/0.25/0.25; total 1.69/1.61/1.44/1.81. TmI 0.40. Eye diameters: AME 0.0 3, ALE, PME and PLE 0.0 5. Carapace red-brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF89FFB2FD8DF9E63E8FFA1D" box="[603,680,1604,1627]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) not projected, setae present at ocular area and a median row with 3–4 setae. Sternum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF89FFB2FE97F9C53DAAFA38" box="[321,397,1639,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
) pale orange with reddish-brown borders, posteriorly truncated. Tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi brown. Abdomen, longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF89FFB2FE0EF92B3E0DFAE6" box="[472,554,1673,1696]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
), with longitudinal stripe. Epigynum with ventral plate wider than long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF89FFB2FA9DF92B39AAFAE6" box="[1355,1421,1673,1696]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,209,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1782]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Sphecozone rostrata: (1, 2) Male palp: (1) ectal, (2) mesal. (3, 4) Epigynum: (3) ventral, (4) dorsal, cleared. (5) Male carapace, lateral. Sphecozone personata: (6, 7) Male palp: (6) ectal, (7) mesal. (8, 9) Epigynum: (8) ventral, (9) dorsal, cleared. (10) Male carapace, lateral. (A: atrium; AL: anterior lobe of dorsal epigynal plate; AP: anterior process of ventral epigynal plate; BCE: basal cymbial excavation; CD: copulatory duct; CL: column; DP: dorsal plate; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; FD: fertilization duct; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; S: spermathecae; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VP: ventral plate). Scale bars: 0,1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208646/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), short fertilization ducts, elongate spermathecae in the half length of epigynum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF89FFB2FC30F9093800FA84" box="[998,1063,1707,1730]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1806,1830]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,209,1775]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1782]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Sphecozone rostrata: (1, 2) Male palp: (1) ectal, (2) mesal. (3, 4) Epigynum: (3) ventral, (4) dorsal, cleared. (5) Male carapace, lateral. Sphecozone personata: (6, 7) Male palp: (6) ectal, (7) mesal. (8, 9) Epigynum: (8) ventral, (9) dorsal, cleared. (10) Male carapace, lateral. (A: atrium; AL: anterior lobe of dorsal epigynal plate; AP: anterior process of ventral epigynal plate; BCE: basal cymbial excavation; CD: copulatory duct; CL: column; DP: dorsal plate; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; FD: fertilization duct; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; S: spermathecae; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VP: ventral plate). Scale bars: 0,1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208646/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="32E76AC1FF88FFB3FF41F8AC38C7FB95" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208646/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[161,1426,209,1775]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF88FFB3FF41F8AC38C7FB95" blockId="2.[151,1436,1806,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF88FFB3FF41F8AC3D75FB60" bold="true" box="[151,338,1806,1830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">FIGURES 1–10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF88FFB3FE8DF8AD3E11FB60" box="[347,566,1807,1830]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF88FFB3FE8DF8AD3E11FB60" box="[347,566,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Sphecozone rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1, 2) Male palp: (1) ectal, (2) mesal. (3, 4) Epigynum: (3) ventral, (4) dorsal, cleared. (5) Male carapace, lateral.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF88FFB3FDCEF8903F2EFB0F" box="[536,777,1842,1865]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF88FFB3FDCEF8903F2EFB0F" box="[536,777,1842,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (6, 7) Male palp: (6) ectal, (7) mesal. (8, 9) Epigynum: (8) ventral, (9) dorsal, cleared. (10) Male carapace, lateral. (A: atrium; AL: anterior lobe of dorsal epigynal plate; AP: anterior process of ventral epigynal plate; BCE: basal cymbial excavation; CD: copulatory duct; CL: column; DP: dorsal plate; E: embolus; EM: embolic membrane; FD: fertilization duct; PTA: prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA: retrolateral tibial apophysis; S: spermathecae; ST: subtegulum; T: tegulum; VP: ventral plate). Scale bars: 0,1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="32E76AC1FF89FFB2FF41FA1839B6F9B2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF89FFB2FF41FA1839B6F9B2" blockId="3.[151,1435,1466,1524]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FF41FA183D79F994" bold="true" box="[151,350,1466,1490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">FIGURES 11–19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF89FFB2FEBEFA183E7EF997" box="[360,601,1466,1489]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FEBEFA183E7EF997" box="[360,601,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (11–13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16–19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2E8269C2FF89FFB2FF11F96F3F03FB6E" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF89FFB2FF11F96F3F03FB6E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FF11F96F3D88FAA3" bold="true" box="[199,431,1741,1765]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8F7AD9FF89FFB2FE69F96F3E24FAA2" box="[447,515,1741,1764]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FDCEF96F3EDAFAA2" box="[536,765,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Rio Grande do Sul</emphasis>
|
||
: Maquiné (riparian forest, Maquiné river), 2533, 360Ƥ,
|
||
<date id="12261C89FF89FFB2FF41F94D3D06FB40" box="[151,289,1775,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" value="2007-08-01">01.VIII.2007</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="12261C89FF89FFB2FEE6F94D3D8EFB40" box="[304,425,1775,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" value="2009-06-07">07.VI.2009</date>
|
||
(MCN 47347, 47501-47513); Parobé (riparian forest, Sinos river), 1Ƥ,
|
||
<date id="12261C89FF89FFB2FB04F94D396CFB40" box="[1234,1355,1775,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" value="2007-09-17">17.IX.2007</date>
|
||
(MCN 47514) all collected with a beating tray by E.N.L. Rodrigues.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2E8269C2FF89FFB5FF11F8913966FE4F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF89FFB2FF11F8913801FB0D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2037]" box="[199,1062,1843,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FF11F8913D7EFB0D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1843,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8F7AD9FF89FFB2FE89F8963D87FB0D" box="[351,416,1844,1867]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF89FFB2FF11F8F73F18FBB3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FF11F8F73D00FB2B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1877,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF89FFB2FEFBF8F43E3BFB2B" box="[301,540,1878,1901]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FEFBF8F43E3BFB2B" box="[301,540,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the most abundant species (N=1,222) amongst 440 recorded in riparian forests of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8F7AD9FF89FFB2FEC0F8DA3D7DFBC9" box="[278,346,1912,1935]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, sampled from Maquiné (N=1,220) and Sinos rivers (N=2). More females (N=726; 59.5%) than males (496; 40.5%) were captured (sex ratio, 1.5:1). This species was most abundant in the forest interior (N=599; 49%), followed by forest-grassland edges (330; 27%) and forest-river edge (293; 24%). Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF89FFB2FBE0F81E3883FB95" box="[1078,1188,1980,2003]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FBE0F81E3883FB95" box="[1078,1188,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">S. rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF89FFB2FB0FF81E3978FB95" box="[1241,1375,1980,2003]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF89FFB2FB0FF81E3978FB95" box="[1241,1375,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">S. personata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seem to have a preference for the forest interior rather than the edges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF8EFFB5FF11FF3A3929FC97" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8EFFB5FF11FF3A3D9EFCE9" box="[199,441,152,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8EFFB5FF11FF3A3D9EFCE9" box="[199,441,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found throughout the year with a peak in autumn to winter. The seasonal abundance distribution was similar in both sexes. The lowest abundances were recorded during the summers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8EFFB5FB64FF183926FC97" box="[1202,1281,186,209]" captionStart="FIGURES 20, 21" captionStartId="4.[151,269,968,992]" captionTargetBox="[166,1412,569,943]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,561,958]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 20, 21. Spider distribution in time during two years of sampling in the riparian forests of southern Brazil. (11) Sphecozone rostrata. (12) Sphecozone personata (1 – 16: sample order; win: winter; spr: spring; sum: summer; aut: autumn)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208648/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF8EFFB5FF11FF7F3DF7FD1A" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">
|
||
The family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8EFFB5FE84FF7F3DF4FCB2" box="[338,467,221,244]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Linyphiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known for its great diversity in the Northern Hemisphere and for maturing and reproducing during the winter season there (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8EFFB5FDA2FEA23F3EFD51" author="Schaefer" box="[628,793,256,279]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" refString="Schaefer, M. (1977) Winter ecology of spiders (Araneida). Zeitschrift fur angewandte Entomologie, 83, 113 - 134." type="journal article" year="1977">Schaefer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="020947B8FF8EFFB5FCF3FEA2380BFD51" author="Buddle" box="[805,1068,256,279]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" refString="Buddle, C. M. & Draney, M. L. (2004) Phenology of linyphiids an old-growth deciduous forest in Central Alberta, Canada. Journal of Arachnology, 32, 221 - 230." type="journal article" year="2004">Buddle & Draney, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A19841CAFF8EFFB5FBE9FEA23908FD51" box="[1087,1327,256,279]" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Sphecozone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="personata">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8EFFB5FBE9FEA23908FD51" box="[1087,1327,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Sphecozone personata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
conforms to this pattern by seeming to have a preference for milder temperatures in this region of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1E8F7AD9FF8EFFB5FB7BFE8038D6FD7F" box="[1197,1265,290,313]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, preferring cold seasons (winter and autumn).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="66273A49FF8EFFB5FF11FEC53966FE4F" blockId="4.[151,1436,152,521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="54ECE65BFF8EFFB5FF11FEC53D5FFD39" bold="true" box="[199,376,359,383]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Hermaphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
(MCN 47347). One individual has a bilateral hermaphrodite appearance. This specimen has an underdeveloped male palp on the right side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8EFFB5FDAEFE283EDDFDE7" box="[632,762,394,417]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Figs. 16, 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) with several sclerites. The left palp remains unmodified as in females. The specimen presents a well developed but slightly deformed epigynal plate with an atrium ventrally at the left side of the abdomen. The right side of the epigastric furrow seems to remain unmodified as in other males (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8EFFB5FAD8FE7239A8FDA1" box="[1294,1423,464,487]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Figs. 16, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). The hermaphrodite specimen lacks the characteristic cephalic projection found in males of the species (
|
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<figureCitation id="FEA326CCFF8EFFB5FB33FE503913FE4F" box="[1253,1332,498,521]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,155,1448]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[184,1408,155,1449]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Sphecozone personata: (11 – 13) Male: (11) dorsal, (12) ventral, (13) frontal. (14, 15) Female: (14) dorsal, (15) ventral. (16 – 19) Hermaphrodite specimen: (16) ventral, (17) epigynum, detail, (18) palp, detail, (19) frontal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208647/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |