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<document id="E1240BCB7F0AA1D7244C62E059658214" ID-CLB-Dataset="95772" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.554.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0b7b6ca4-ff5b-4e91-9c8b-d6d5a4c45254" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6831610" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1657783566479" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lagunday, Noel E., Rosa, Sherolai Dela, Cleofei, Clint Michael B., Jr, Romeo Patano, Coritico, Fulgent P. &amp; Amoroso, Victor B." docDate="2022" docId="E72AEA42707C412BC9EA287DFC7EFD97" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.554.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 554 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Nepenthes candalaga Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="290" masterDocId="1B13923A707D412EC9622E69FFE8FFFF" masterDocTitle="Nepenthes candalaga (Nepenthaceae), a new species from eastern Mindanao, Philippines" masterLastPageNumber="292" masterPageNumber="285" pageNumber="286" updateTime="1699358989020" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="C124A0019E01581A4D4AF265A1CCD0D8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="F3EC6C22C235714E4A9AB71A3A66E1DB">
<mods:title id="290E8377E196DCEC5781E8338F6CD9FF">Nepenthes candalaga (Nepenthaceae), a new species from eastern Mindanao, Philippines</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6A6322F22C8A11040989546E39585297" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="72701285C27766AB090DA5072BAFAEF0">Lagunday, Noel E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9DC7BAD92A198DCC8094F40DC7BC8E9C" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1880-4851</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DEBBFB7CC6DCA26063F39EB669565F77">Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao (CEBREM), Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon 8710, Philippines &amp; lagundaynoel @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1880 - 4851</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="83783FF5333F357CC8A6CF7CA911C406" type="email">lagundaynoel@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="537E7A6FA15589116732A0EE2FE6443C">Rosa, Sherolai Dela</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="84872BEC43E8712D982555237AC18D62" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1786-7615</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="222B1A6C53BBD181B11B2058B74F9BD8">Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon 8710, Philippines &amp; sherolaid @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1786 - 7615</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="31A35CB2BDE6503B033EFC6D78B46B93" type="email">sherolaid@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A95CA2663E16EC58901F9F0F18401C15">Cleofei, Clint Michael B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4CE5E4845C6B82D5153044461EB02B7A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1104-7886</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DBBFD7B394269266DBDD23FA8AA8301B">DENR XI-PENRO Davao Oriental &amp; clintmichaelcleofe @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1104 - 7886</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="712C7A91442E73260EE2D726B7B31735" type="email">clintmichaelcleofe@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BABFF9FA4E989D118E76F47A14BCAF8E">Jr, Romeo Patano</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FF8AD7702081DA9FB837C9B9A8A950ED" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5020-6048</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0F001FE43207F97FE4441C49D75EC5EC">Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao (CEBREM), Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon 8710, Philippines &amp; romeonojrpatano @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5020 - 6048</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3581B4702A9366E8FCDA677EABC08285" type="email">romeonojrpatano@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="976ED861E9C89FAF87366922F5F3B795">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3905747F9442F2A1706FD143550DAB32">Coritico, Fulgent P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F3577BA6762842C94C6D011CEA1B3E94" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3876-6610</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7077205239AD676455A711BF6E99DC39">Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao (CEBREM), Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon 8710, Philippines &amp; cfulgent @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3876 - 6610</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="56C30A42EC606BE046AFC428F24BE55A">Amoroso, Victor B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B69C9BC7919EA816EFE46C4ABECD5F2" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8865-5551</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AF1FAEC1587747256D6091027EDB4ED0">Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao (CEBREM), Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon 8710, Philippines &amp; victorbamoroso @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8865 - 5551</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6BE5996B7732AD062DCB6F4E0799985D" type="email">victorbamoroso@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="ED436577FE6003E0BCD5ECD1C4EC5ED2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C2C8DF1FAC51B522AF50EA4ECFEA0300">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7CA6A04BC03660D515E530375AEF552C">
<mods:date id="EADBCEC64D784B549A8C8CBFAFDF6308">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="995A37AD73EE92B24378FCCD22A9BE5F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="478A8676B72A65FDAD189643A1791E4A">2022-07-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9540FB66CF38B389FBDAD1E9770F9BA4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="629A66B1C6C5F110407FF1DE3741391B">554</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="04C2AF266D70911C4F401EE637C2D6F5" type="issue">
<mods:number id="EFDB6C866D61FC5A2C00EC7A8342E9D1">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BF516DC4E26E9A202B5F8567788B06C1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6E19C098734D02819F86F355BA1A1AE4" type="CLB-Dataset">95772</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D6F5831954CEC17C5E2FB40F2113DE9A" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.554.3.7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="62EE685943E7C14D36A8A698905AB75F" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="64F1485307F8360934041EC1B51D4985" type="Zenodo-Dep">6831610</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E72AEA42707C412BC9EA287DFC7EFD97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6831612" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197517026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6831612" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E72AEA42707C412BC9EA287DFC7EFD97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E72AEA42707C412BC9EA287DFC7EFD97" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">
<subSubSection id="279908DF707C412FC9EA287DFC70F9D1" box="[136,920,1556,1583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707C412FC9EA287DFC70F9D1" blockId="1.[136,920,1556,1583]" box="[136,920,1556,1583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">
<heading id="3474EC38707C412FC9EA287DFC70F9D1" box="[136,920,1556,1583]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707C412FC9EA287DFD5EF9D1" ID-CoL="9VF5J" authority="Lagunday &amp; V.B.Amoroso" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,694,1556,1583]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FC9EA287DFE68F9D0" bold="true" box="[136,384,1556,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
Lagunday &amp; V.B.Amoroso
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FCBA0287CFCFFF9D1" box="[706,791,1557,1582]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46C43A3D707C412FCBA0287CFCFFF9D1" box="[706,791,1557,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="F7B847D1707C412FCA47287DFC78F9D1" box="[805,912,1556,1582]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[136,229,1803,1825]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1404,206,1772]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1428,206,1773]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@3.[151,1436,190,1778]" captionTargetId-1="figure-27@4.[151,1436,190,1776]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Nepenthes candalaga. A) Aerial pitcher lateral view, B) lid adaxial, C) lid abaxial showing lid spur, D) seed, E) tepal showing floral nectar glands, F) dehisced capsule, G) female flower, H) lid spur, I) close up of the lid appendage, J) close up of lid nectar glands, K) close up of the peristome teeth-like projections and nectar glands in the inner margin, L) aerial pitcher anterior view, M) close up of the aerial pitcher wings, N) pitcher interior showing wax and digestive glands, O) climbing stem with infructescence and female flowers, P) leaf lamina showing longitudinal nerves. Scale bars: A, O = 5 cm; B, C = 2 cm; D = 1 cm; E, G, H = 5 mm; M = 1 cm. Illustration by S. dela Rosa." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. General morphological details of Nepenthes candalaga. A) habit with aerial pitchers,B) infructescence with dehisced capsules, C) leaf lamina showing winged petioles, D) lateral view of aerial pitchers, E) lateral view of aerial pitchers, F) aerial pitcher long section, G) close up of dehiscing capsules, H) seed, I) adaxial and abaxial surface of the lid, J) lid spur, K) lid appendage, L) peristome showing teeth and nectar glands, M) waxy zone, N) digestive zone showing digestive glands, O) aerial pitcher wings. Scale bars: B, C, D, E, F; I = 1 cm; G, H, J, K, L, M, N, O = 1 mm. Photographs by N.E. Lagunday." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6831620" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6831622" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6831620/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6831622/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="279908DF707C412FC9EA2809FCE1F966" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707C412FC9EA2809FCE1F966" blockId="1.[136,1451,1632,1690]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FC9EA2809FF2AF98A" bold="true" box="[136,194,1632,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="DFEB5109707C412FC9B92809FDB1F966" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3862942301" collectingDate="2021-05-03" collectionCode="PNH, CMUH" collectorName="de Oro" country="Philippines" location="Upper Montane Rainforest" municipality="Mount Candalaga" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Davao" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="17941BC4707C412FC9B92809FE83F98A" box="[219,363,1632,1653]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
. Mindanao:
<collectingRegion id="AD4795B6707C412FC8842809FDCDF98A" box="[486,549,1632,1653]" country="Philippines" name="Davao" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Davao</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="C2763E82707C412FCB4E2809FD9BF98A" box="[556,627,1632,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">de Oro</collectorName>
, Maragusan Municipality,
<collectingMunicipality id="8F58C12E707C412FCA1B2809FBC1F989" box="[889,1065,1632,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Mount Candalaga</collectingMunicipality>
, Tropical
<location id="6A5C0D8F707C412FCDEE2809FA7CF989" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E72AEA42707C412BC9EA287DFC7EFD97:6A5C0D8F707C412FCDEE2809FA7CF989" box="[1164,1428,1632,1654]" country="Philippines" municipality="Mount Candalaga" name="Upper Montane Rainforest" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" stateProvince="Davao">Upper Montane Rainforest</location>
,
<date id="1B3D7D94707C412FCCFD2809FEC9F966" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" value="2021-05-03">
<collectingDate id="0B79847C707C412FCCFD2809FEC9F966" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" value="2021-05-03">3 May 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FC84928EDFE5BF966" box="[299,435,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Lagunday s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B038E5F6707C412FC8DD28EDFDFDF965" box="[447,533,1668,1690]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="0992C391707C412FCB7928EDFDBAF966" box="[539,594,1668,1689]" country="Philippines" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15314" name="National Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" type="Herbarium">PNH</collectionCode>
!,
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="DFEB5109707C412FCB3D28EDFCEDF966" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3862942302" box="[607,773,1668,1690]" collectingDate="2021-05-03" collectionCode="PNH, CMUH" collectorName="de Oro" country="Philippines" location="Upper Montane Rainforest" municipality="Mount Candalaga" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Davao" typeStatus="holotype">
isotype
<collectionCode id="0992C391707C412FCBC828EDFD13F966" box="[682,763,1668,1689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">CMUH</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="279908DF707C412FC9EA28A1FDC5F869" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707C412FC9EA28A1FDC5F869" blockId="1.[136,1452,1736,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FC9EA28A1FEEDF91D" bold="true" box="[136,261,1736,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707C412FC84328A1FDFBF91D" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[289,531,1736,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FC84328A1FDFBF91D" box="[289,531,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707C412FCBCE28A0FA44F91C" authority="Gronemeyer, Wistuba, Mey &amp; W. B. Amoroso (2016: 15)" authorityName="Gronemeyer, Wistuba, Mey &amp; W. B. Amoroso" authorityPageNumber="15" authorityYear="2016" box="[684,1452,1736,1763]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="justinae">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707C412FCBCE28A0FCCFF91D" box="[684,807,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">N. justinae</emphasis>
Gronemeyer, Wistuba, Mey &amp; W.B.Amoroso (2016: 15)
</taxonomicName>
in having 2–3 longitudinal veins running in parallel with the midrib (vs. 3 longitudinal veins); an orbicular lid (cordate lid); non-bifid lid spur tip (bifid lid spur tip); triangular lid appendage (rounded appendage); banner-shaped wings just below the peristome covering only 1/6
<superScript id="98F6F61C707C412FCB50295DFDD7F8BD" attach="left" box="[562,575,1844,1858]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="286">th</superScript>
of the trap anterior becoming ridges towards the trap base (wings run down the front of the trap sometimes reduced to ridges); upper pitcher rim is absent and widest near the peristome (rim present and widest at the trap base) (
<tableCitation id="22016EEF707C412FC8AA2915FDF4F869" box="[456,540,1916,1942]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,224,160,184]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Nepenthes candalaga and N. justinae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3BFC0BDC707F412CC9EA2EC9FBF6FF47" pageId="1" pageNumber="286" tableUuid="3BFC0BDC707F412CC9EA2EC9FBF6FF47">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="3BFC0BDC707F412CC9EA2EC9FBF6FF47" ID-Table-UUID="3BFC0BDC707F412CC9EA2EC9FBF6FF47" box="[136,1054,160,184]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3BFC0BDC707F412CC9EA2EC9FBF6FF47" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" startId="2.[136,224,160,184]" targetBox="[147,1437,200,534]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707F412CC9EA2EC9FBF6FF47" blockId="2.[136,1054,160,184]" box="[136,1054,160,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9EA2EC9FF13FF47" bold="true" box="[136,251,160,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison between
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707F412CCBE82EC9FC98FF47" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[650,880,160,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CCBE82EC9FC98FF47" box="[650,880,160,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707F412CCAC62EC8FBFFFF47" authorityName="Gronemeyer, Wistuba, Mey &amp; W. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2016" box="[932,1047,161,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="justinae">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CCAC62EC8FBFFFF47" box="[932,1047,161,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">N. justinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707F412CC8DB2EA1FB1CFDE9" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<table id="1D83A9F4707FBED1C9F12EA1FA75FDE9" box="[147,1437,200,534]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12EA1FA75FF21" box="[147,1437,200,222]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2EA1FC49FF21" box="[441,929,200,222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707F412CC8DB2EA1FD66FF21" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[441,654,200,222]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC8DB2EA1FD66FF21" bold="true" box="[441,654,200,222]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92EA1FA75FF21" box="[955,1437,200,222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CCAD92EA1FB90FF21" bold="true" box="[955,1144,200,222]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Nepenthes justinae</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12E99FA75FEF9" box="[147,1437,240,262]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12E99FE65FEF9" box="[147,397,240,262]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12E99FE65FEF9" bold="true" box="[147,397,240,262]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">No. of longitudinal veins</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2E99FC49FEF9" box="[441,929,240,262]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">2‒3</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92E99FA75FEF9" box="[955,1437,240,262]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12F7EFA75FED1" box="[147,1437,279,302]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12F7EFE65FED1" box="[147,397,279,302]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12F7EFF5FFED2" bold="true" box="[147,183,279,301]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Lid</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2F7EFC49FED1" box="[441,929,279,302]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">orbicular</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92F7EFA75FED1" box="[955,1437,279,302]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">cordate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12F57FA75FEAA" box="[147,1437,318,341]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12F57FE65FEAA" box="[147,397,318,341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12F57FF04FEAB" bold="true" box="[147,236,318,340]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Lid spur</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2F57FC49FEAA" box="[441,929,318,341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Non-bifid tip</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92F57FA75FEAA" box="[955,1437,318,341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Bifid tip</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12F0FFA75FE83" box="[147,1437,358,380]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12F0FFE65FE83" box="[147,397,358,380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12F0FFEC4FE84" bold="true" box="[147,300,358,380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Lid appendage</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2F0FFC49FE83" box="[441,929,358,380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Triangular (inverted fin-shaped)</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92F0FFA75FE83" box="[955,1437,358,380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">rounded</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12FE4FA75FE37" box="[147,1437,397,456]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12FE4FE65FE37" box="[147,397,397,456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12FE4FE8CFE5C" bold="true" box="[147,356,397,419]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Upper pitcher wings</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2FE4FC49FE37" box="[441,929,397,456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Banner-shaped just below the peristome only up to 6 mm long becoming ridges towards trap base</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92FE4FA75FE37" box="[955,1437,397,456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Run down the front of the trap sometimes reduced to ridges</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12FB1FA75FE10" box="[147,1437,472,495]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12FB1FE65FE10" box="[147,397,472,495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12FB0FECCFE11" bold="true" box="[147,292,472,494]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Upper Pitcher</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2FB1FC49FE10" box="[441,929,472,495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Rim absent, widest near the peristome</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92FB1FA75FE10" box="[955,1437,472,495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Rim present, widest at base</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1B35916707FBED1C9F12C69FA75FDE9" box="[147,1437,512,534]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<th id="9262306A707FBED1C9F12C69FE65FDE9" box="[147,397,512,534]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9F12C69FEF8FDE9" bold="true" box="[147,272,512,534]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Distribution</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1C8DB2C69FC49FDE9" box="[441,929,512,534]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Mt. Candalaga, Davao de Oro</td>
<td id="9262306A707FBED1CAD92C69FA75FDE9" box="[955,1437,512,534]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Mt. Hamiguitan, Davao Oriental</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="279908DF707F412CC9DF2C05FD8EF989" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" type="description">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707F412CC9DF2C05FD8EF989" blockId="2.[136,1452,620,1907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9DF2C05FEB9FD79" bold="true" box="[189,337,620,646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Description:</emphasis>
—Terrestrial, scrambling on neighboring plants for support; Climbing stem terete, becoming reddish depending on sunlight exposure up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB502CF8FDB5FD54" box="[562,605,657,683]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
long and up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCA692CF9FCA3FD54" box="[779,843,656,683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
in diameter, internodes are up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCDA22CF9FAE7FD54" box="[1216,1295,656,683]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="5.3">5.3 cm</quantity>
, axillary buds conspicuous;
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC8432CDDFE8FFD31" box="[289,359,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">leaves</emphasis>
up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC8CE2CDDFDEDFD30" box="[428,517,692,719]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="14.5">14.5 cm</quantity>
long ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB392CDDFD3FFD30" box="[603,727,692,719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.6 cm</quantity>
wide, more or less linear; petioles winged, reddish depending on sunlight exposure, up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC8FF2CB1FE01FD0C" box="[413,489,728,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
long ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB222CB0FD69FD0C" box="[576,641,729,755]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
wide; leaf base acuminate, leaf apex acute, margin irregularly recurved, with 3 longitudinal nerves running parallel with the midvein; pennate nerves at 30–60° from the midrib, numerous, moderately conspicuous; midrib reddish-brown and contrasting with green lamina.
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CCD422D48FB54FCC5" box="[1056,1212,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Upper pitcher</emphasis>
widest just below the peristome, bottom half is slightly inflated becoming infundibular tapering toward the tendril, cylindrical mid forming a hip becoming infundibular towards the ovate opening;
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB8D2D01FCB6FC7C" box="[751,862,872,899]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 cm</quantity>
long and up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCD6F2D00FBACFC7C" box="[1037,1092,873,899]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
wide (widest point), waxy zone up to 56% of the pitcher length with ca. 0.2 × 0.2(–0.3) wax gland, digestive zone up to 44% of the pitcher length with ca. 0.4 ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC98C2DD9FEABFC34" box="[238,323,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
digestive glands; banner shaped wings just below the peristome (1/6 of the trap anterior), up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCC092DD9FA44FC34" box="[1387,1452,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
long ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9B42DBDFEFEFC10" box="[214,278,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide, fringe filaments 2–3, 4.0–
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB1D2DBCFD3CFC10" box="[639,724,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCA222DBCFC74FC10" box="[832,924,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
apart; mouth ovate tapering posteriorly to form a distinct vertically/slightly anteriorly inclined neck; peristome slightly flattened up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCD302D90FB7BFBEC" box="[1106,1171,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
wide, densely lined with ribs
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9D82A75FEA9FBC8" box="[186,321,1052,1079]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5‒0.8 mm</quantity>
apart having small conspicuous short teeth-like projections with proximally sunken nectar glands in the semilunar depressions between ribs with canals emptying into the inner pitcher wall; spur is filiform, pubescent, unbranched, 1.0–
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC82F2A0CFE70FB80" box="[333,408,1125,1151]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="1.1">1.1 cm</quantity>
long and up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB2E2A0DFD4BFB80" box="[588,675,1124,1151]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter; lid orbicular,
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCAB12A0CFBB9FB80" box="[979,1105,1125,1151]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.3">2.3–3.7 cm</quantity>
long ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCDC92A0CFAC1FB80" box="[1195,1321,1125,1151]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="3.45" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="2.7">2.7–4.2 cm</quantity>
wide, apex notched, base cordate, lid appendage inverted fin-shaped, apex pointed towards the peristome, 3.0–
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCDB92AE1FAD8FB5C" box="[1243,1328,1160,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
at the base up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9A82AC4FEE4FB38" box="[202,268,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, nectar glands that are 0.1 ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCBF22AC4FD0FFB38" box="[656,743,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
are evenly distributed in the lower lid and appendage; tendrils coiling, up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC8472AB8FE82FB14" box="[293,362,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="27.0">27 cm</quantity>
long and up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB7E2AB9FDB5FB14" box="[540,605,1232,1259]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
in diameter. Color of living plants is much suffused with red depending on sunlight exposure. Peristome of upper pitchers greenish-yellow with narrow bands of maroon red. Pitchers marbled with red flecks towards mouth, becoming greenish at base. Pitcher interiors are creamy-yellow. Lid adaxial marbled red throughout depending on sunlight exposure. Lower/intermediate pitcher leaves were not observed during the time of collection. The female inflorescence is a panicle, pubescent except for the scape which is
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCDF62B09FAC5FA84" box="[1172,1325,1376,1403]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.45" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="20.5" valueMax="24.5" valueMin="16.5">16.5‒24.5 cm</quantity>
long scape up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9AA2BECFECDFA60" box="[200,293,1413,1439]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
in diameter and an additional of up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCBB52BECFCF4FA60" box="[727,796,1413,1439]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
rachis. The partial peduncles are two 2-flowered,
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCC2D2BEDFA44FA60" box="[1359,1452,1412,1439]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒7 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9922BC0FED8FA3C" box="[240,304,1449,1475]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter. The pedicels are up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCBDF2BC0FD16FA3C" box="[701,766,1449,1475]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
long and up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCAC92BC0FC03FA3C" box="[939,1003,1449,1475]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter bearing tetramerous narrow ovate petals that are
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC80E2BA5FE20FA18" box="[364,456,1484,1511]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6‒7 mm</quantity>
long and 3.5‒4.0 mm wide with huge round (ca. 3 ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCD742BA4FBBFFA18" box="[1046,1111,1485,1511]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
) to elongated (ca. 1.25‒2.50 ×
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9EA2B98FF0DF9F4" box="[136,229,1521,1547]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒3 mm</quantity>
) nectar glands becoming smaller towards the tepal apex in the upper surface. The capsule bearing the seeds are
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC9EA287CFEECF9D0" box="[136,260,1557,1583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="2.7" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.2">2.2‒3.2 cm</quantity>
long and ca.
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC8F7287DFE3CF9D0" box="[405,468,1556,1583]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide. The seeds have filiform extensions that are unequal in length ranging from 5.5‒7.0 mm on either sides, seed body is
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC8952850FDBBF9AC" box="[503,595,1593,1619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒2 mm</quantity>
× 0.8‒1.0 mm, total seed length is
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCABA2851FBBCF9AC" box="[984,1108,1592,1619]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="cm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.2">1.2‒1.6 cm</quantity>
long. Male inflorescence were not observed during the time of collection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="279908DF707F412CC9DF28E8FCDEF941" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707F412CC9DF28E8FCDEF941" blockId="2.[136,1452,620,1907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9DF28E8FEA0F964" bold="true" box="[189,328,1665,1691]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet is a noun apposition. It signals the
<typeStatus id="B038E5F6707F412CCAAF28E8FC15F964" box="[973,1021,1665,1691]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">type</typeStatus>
locality of the species, Mt. Candalaga in Maragusan,
<collectingRegion id="AD4795B6707F412CC84D28CCFE90F940" box="[303,376,1701,1727]" country="Philippines" name="Davao" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Davao</collectingRegion>
de Oro, eastern Mindanao,
<collectingCountry id="17941BC4707F412CCBD228CDFCDAF941" box="[688,818,1700,1726]" name="Philippines" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="279908DF707F412BC9DF28A1FC7EFD97" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="290" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707F412CC9DF28A1FE1CF88D" blockId="2.[136,1452,620,1907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9DF28A1FE1FF91C" bold="true" box="[189,503,1736,1763]" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
—Populations of
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707F412CCBA428A1FC55F91D" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[710,957,1736,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CCBA428A1FC55F91D" box="[710,957,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were observed only in the tropical upper montane rainforest of Mt. Candalaga at ca.
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCB172884FCF9F8F8" box="[629,785,1773,1799]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1800.0">1800–2100 m</quantity>
a.s.l., scrambling on tree branches up to
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCD812884FAF5F8F8" box="[1251,1309,1773,1799]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
high and on
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707F412CC9EA2979FEF3F8D4" box="[136,283,1808,1835]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Oleandraceae" genus="Oleandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707F412CC9EA2979FEFDF8D5" box="[136,277,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="287">Oleandra sp</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
and is recorded nowhere else. The mountain is tropical lowland evergreen rainforest (TLERF) at
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCC112978FF36F8B0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="900.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="800.0">800– 1000 m</quantity>
asl; tropical lower montane rainforest (TLMRF) at
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CCA44295CFC29F8B0" box="[806,961,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="1450.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100–1800 m</quantity>
a.s.l. and tropical upper montane rainforest (TUMRF) at
<quantity id="A87BF6B1707F412CC87F2930FE50F88C" box="[285,440,1881,1907]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="287" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900–2100 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3BFC0BDC707E412DC9EA2962FEEEF82A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6831620" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6831620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6831620/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="288" startId="3.[136,229,1803,1825]" targetBox="[172,1404,206,1772]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B54707E412DC9EA2962FEEEF82A" blockId="3.[136,1452,1803,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DC9EA2962FF15F8DF" bold="true" box="[136,253,1803,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A88320D7707E412DC8632962FE27F8DF" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[257,463,1803,1824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="288" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DC8632962FE27F8DF" box="[257,463,1803,1824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DC8B92962FE1CF8DE" bold="true" box="[475,500,1803,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">A)</emphasis>
Aerial pitcher lateral view,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCB992962FCFAF8DE" bold="true" box="[763,786,1803,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">B)</emphasis>
lid adaxial,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCAE42962FC77F8DE" bold="true" box="[902,927,1803,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">C)</emphasis>
lid abaxial showing lid spur,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCDD72962FB27F8DE" bold="true" box="[1205,1231,1803,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">D)</emphasis>
seed,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCC6B2962FAC9F8DE" bold="true" box="[1289,1313,1803,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">E)</emphasis>
tepal showing floral nectar glands,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DC82C2946FE8CF8BA" bold="true" box="[334,356,1839,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">F)</emphasis>
dehisced capsule,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCB7B2946FDDBF8BA" bold="true" box="[537,563,1839,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">G)</emphasis>
female flower,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCBA92946FD0EF8BA" bold="true" box="[715,742,1839,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">H)</emphasis>
lid spur,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCA222946FCB9F8BA" bold="true" box="[832,849,1839,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">I)</emphasis>
close up of the lid appendage,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCD1F2946FB79F8BA" bold="true" box="[1149,1169,1839,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">J)</emphasis>
close up of lid nectar glands,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DC9EA293AFF4BF896" bold="true" box="[136,163,1875,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">K)</emphasis>
close up of the peristome teeth-like projections and nectar glands in the inner margin,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCA8E293AFBECF896" bold="true" box="[1004,1028,1875,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">L)</emphasis>
aerial pitcher anterior view,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCC79293AFAD2F896" bold="true" box="[1307,1338,1875,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">M)</emphasis>
close up of the aerial pitcher wings, N) pitcher interior showing wax and digestive glands,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCA1F291EFC70F872" bold="true" box="[893,920,1911,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">O)</emphasis>
climbing stem with infructescence and female flowers,
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DC9EA29F2FF77F84E" bold="true" box="[136,159,1947,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">P)</emphasis>
leaf lamina showing longitudinal nerves. Scale bars:
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCBC229F2FD38F84E" bold="true" box="[672,720,1947,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">A, O</emphasis>
= 5 cm;
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCA4729F2FCBAF84E" bold="true" box="[805,850,1947,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">B, C</emphasis>
= 2 cm;
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCACA29F2FC51F84F" bold="true" box="[936,953,1947,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">D</emphasis>
= 1 cm;
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCD6C29F2FBB4F84F" bold="true" box="[1038,1116,1947,1969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">E, G, H</emphasis>
= 5 mm;
<emphasis id="5DF78746707E412DCDDB29F2FB38F84F" bold="true" box="[1209,1232,1947,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="288">M</emphasis>
= 1 cm. Illustration by S. dela Rosa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BFC0BDC7079412AC9EA2960FCA3F850" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6831622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6831622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6831622/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="289" startId="4.[136,229,1801,1823]" targetBox="[166,1428,206,1773]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="6F3C5B547079412AC9EA2960FCA3F850" blockId="4.[136,1452,1801,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412AC9EA2960FF14F8E1" bold="true" box="[136,252,1801,1823]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
General morphological details of
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77079412ACB592960FCE0F8E1" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[571,776,1801,1822]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="289" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACB592960FCE0F8E1" box="[571,776,1801,1822]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACA702960FCC4F8E0" bold="true" box="[786,812,1801,1823]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">A)</emphasis>
habit with aerial pitchers,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACD402960FBD2F8E0" bold="true" box="[1058,1082,1801,1823]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">B)</emphasis>
infructescence with dehisced capsules,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412AC9EA2944FF49F8BC" bold="true" box="[136,161,1837,1859]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">C)</emphasis>
leaf lamina showing winged petioles,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACB732944FDC2F8BC" bold="true" box="[529,554,1837,1859]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">D)</emphasis>
lateral view of aerial pitchers,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACA302944FC82F8BC" bold="true" box="[850,874,1837,1859]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">E)</emphasis>
lateral view of aerial pitchers,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACDF02944FB40F8BC" bold="true" box="[1170,1192,1837,1859]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">F)</emphasis>
aerial pitcher long section,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412AC9EA2938FF4BF898" bold="true" box="[136,163,1873,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">G)</emphasis>
close up of dehiscing capsules,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412AC8BA2938FE1BF898" bold="true" box="[472,499,1873,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">H)</emphasis>
seed,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACB522938FDA9F898" bold="true" box="[560,577,1873,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">I)</emphasis>
adaxial and abaxial surface of the lid,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACAD42938FC22F898" bold="true" box="[950,970,1873,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">J)</emphasis>
lid spur,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACD462938FBD7F898" bold="true" box="[1060,1087,1873,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">K)</emphasis>
lid appendage,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACDB52938FB07F898" bold="true" box="[1239,1263,1873,1895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">L)</emphasis>
peristome showing teeth and nectar glands,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412AC813291CFE78F874" bold="true" box="[369,400,1909,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">M)</emphasis>
waxy zone,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACB68291CFDCBF874" bold="true" box="[522,547,1909,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">N)</emphasis>
digestive zone showing digestive glands,
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACADB291CFC3CF874" bold="true" box="[953,980,1909,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">O)</emphasis>
aerial pitcher wings. Scale bars:
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACC71291CFA7DF875" bold="true" box="[1299,1429,1909,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">B, C, D, E, F</emphasis>
;
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412ACCC0291CFA43F875" bold="true" box="[1442,1451,1909,1930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">I</emphasis>
= 1 cm;
<emphasis id="5DF787467079412AC9BA29F0FE53F850" bold="true" box="[216,443,1945,1967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="289">G, H, J, K, L, M, N, O</emphasis>
= 1 mm. Photographs by N.E. Lagunday.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F3C5B547078412BC9DF2EF7FBC6FE93" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
Noteworthy flora observed in the site were
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BCBD22EF7FB17FF47" authority="Tandang, Galindon &amp; A. S. Rob." authorityName="Tandang, Galindon &amp; A. S. Rob." box="[688,1279,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loranthaceae" genus="Amylotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cleofei">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BCBD22EF7FC60FF47" box="[688,904,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Amylotheca cleofei</emphasis>
Tandang, Galindon &amp; A.S. Rob.
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="0B1226A57078412BCC4C2EF7FECAFF23" author="Tandang, D. N. &amp; Galindon, J. M. M. &amp; Lagunday, N. E. &amp; Coritico, F. P. &amp; Amoroso, V. B. &amp; Robinson, A. S." pageId="5" pageNumber="290" pagination="113 - 120" refId="ref5068" refString="Tandang, D. N., Galindon, J. M. M., Lagunday, N. E., Coritico, F. P., Amoroso, V. B. &amp; Robinson, A. S. (2021) Amylotheca cleofei sp. nov. (Loranthaceae), a new species and genus record for the Philippines. Phytotaxa 507 (1): 113 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 507.1.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Tandang
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BCCF52EF6FF4DFF23" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">et al.</emphasis>
2021: 114
</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BC8042EABFCDEFF23" authority="Mansell &amp; Suarez" authorityName="Mansell &amp; Suarez" box="[358,822,194,220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nebularum">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC8042EABFDB5FF23" box="[358,605,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Nepenthes nebularum</emphasis>
Mansell &amp; Suarez
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0B1226A57078412BCA3D2EABFB56FF23" author="Mansell, G. &amp; Suarez, W." box="[863,1214,194,220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" pagination="132 - 139" refId="ref4365" refString="Mansell, G. &amp; Suarez, W. (2016) Nepenthes nebularum, a new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45: 132 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.55360 / cpn 454. gm 291" type="journal article" year="2016">Mansell &amp; Suarez (2016: 133)</bibRefCitation>
which can easily be recognized in the field in having cylindrical pitchers and broad leaves. The later was recorded in Mt. Mayo, Tarragona, Mati (
<bibRefCitation id="0B1226A57078412BC9A92F63FE3FFEDB" author="Mansell, G. &amp; Suarez, W." box="[203,471,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" pagination="132 - 139" refId="ref4365" refString="Mansell, G. &amp; Suarez, W. (2016) Nepenthes nebularum, a new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45: 132 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.55360 / cpn 454. gm 291" type="journal article" year="2016">Mansell &amp; Suarez 2016</bibRefCitation>
) and the former in Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary,
<collectingRegion id="AD4795B67078412BCDF22F62FAD4FEDB" box="[1168,1340,266,293]" country="Philippines" name="Davao Oriental" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Davao Oriental</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B1226A57078412BCC2B2F63FEE3FEB7" author="Tandang, D. N. &amp; Galindon, J. M. M. &amp; Lagunday, N. E. &amp; Coritico, F. P. &amp; Amoroso, V. B. &amp; Robinson, A. S." pageId="5" pageNumber="290" pagination="113 - 120" refId="ref5068" refString="Tandang, D. N., Galindon, J. M. M., Lagunday, N. E., Coritico, F. P., Amoroso, V. B. &amp; Robinson, A. S. (2021) Amylotheca cleofei sp. nov. (Loranthaceae), a new species and genus record for the Philippines. Phytotaxa 507 (1): 113 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 507.1.7" type="journal article" year="2021">
Tandang
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC9EA2F46FF2CFEB7" box="[136,196,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BC8402F46FE78FEB7" box="[290,400,302,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loranthaceae" genus="Amylotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cleofei">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC8402F46FE78FEB7" box="[290,400,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">A. cleofei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed along the river trails while
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BCAE02F46FBF7FEB7" box="[898,1055,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nebularum">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BCAE02F46FBF7FEB7" box="[898,1055,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">N. nebularum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations were observed in the TLMRF and TUMRF (
<quantity id="A87BF6B17078412BC8E92F3BFDCFFE92" box="[395,551,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="1800.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700–1900 m</quantity>
asl) epiphytic on tree branches
<quantity id="A87BF6B17078412BCAE92F3BFC06FE92" box="[907,1006,338,365]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 m</quantity>
high.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F3C5B547078412BC9DF2F1FFC0AFE4B" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC9DF2F1FFE66FE6F" bold="true" box="[189,398,374,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Taxonomic notes:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BC8C82F1FFD73FE6F" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[426,667,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC8C82F1FFD73FE6F" box="[426,667,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphologically falls under
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BCABF2F1FFA43FE6E" authority="Blanco (1837: 805)" authorityName="Blanco" authorityPageNumber="805" authorityYear="1837" box="[989,1451,374,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Alata">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BCABF2F1FFBBAFE6F" box="[989,1106,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Nepenthes</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BCDF22F1FFB25FE6F" box="[1168,1229,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Alata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B1226A57078412BCDB12F1FFA43FE6E" author="Blanco, F. M." box="[1235,1451,374,401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" refId="ref3139" refString="Blanco, F. M. (1837) Nepenthes. Flora de Filipinas. Santo Thomas [printers] por D. Candido Lopez, Manila, 619 pp." type="book" year="1837">Blanco (1837: 805)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
displaying winged petioles and lids with basal ridges producing appendages.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F3C5B547078412BC9DF2FD7FC7EFD97" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC9DF2FD7FE52FE27" bold="true" box="[189,442,446,472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="A88320D77078412BC8B42FD7FD25FE27" authorityName="Lagunday &amp; V. B. Amoroso" authorityYear="2022" box="[470,717,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candalaga">
<emphasis id="5DF787467078412BC8B42FD7FD25FE27" box="[470,717,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Nepenthes candalaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is assessed here as Critically Endangered (CR] based on the criterion B1ab(i) of
<bibRefCitation id="0B1226A57078412BC80A2F8BFDEAFE03" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Committee" box="[360,514,482,508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" refId="ref4119" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 17 May 2022)" type="book" year="2022">IUCN (2022)</bibRefCitation>
. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is less than
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. The species suffers the habitat loss because of the deforestation and typhoons as part of the mountain was significantly damaged by Typhoon Pablo in 2012. The species is known only from the Mt. Candalaga and is likely to be endemic to the mountain, which faces threats of deforestation and habitat loss without legislative protection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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