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<document ID-DOI="10.11646/megataxa.9.1.1" ID-ISSN="2703-3090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7658066" approvalRequired="407" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="4" approvalRequired_for_matCits="63" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="4" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="263" approvalRequired_for_treatments="72" checkinTime="1676916295990" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, He, Zhu, Yang, Zhong, Yang, Jäger, Peter &amp; Liu, Jie" docDate="2023" docId="5C13750EF941DA7C5CA9F95972C44D63" docLanguage="en" docName="Megataxa.9.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Megataxa 9 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/megataxa.9.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:50B6B96D96A55C21793B52C23E95B310.3:Megataxa.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="50B6B96D96A55C21793B52C23E95B310" docStyleName="Megataxa.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pseudopoda bifaria Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu 2023, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="A02A0D76F96FDA4D5C21FFB3735D4E06" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the spider genus Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000 (Araneae: Sparassidae) from East, South and Southeast Asia" masterLastPageNumber="304" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1676918597432" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the spider genus Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000 (Araneae: Sparassidae) from East, South and Southeast Asia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, He</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-1478-9837</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhu, Yang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhong, Yang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jäger, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-1563-0147</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Arachnology, Senckenberg Research Institute, Mertonstrasse 17 - 21, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Liu, Jie</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-7744-9744</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">Ễsparassidae@aliyun.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Megataxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>9</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>304</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/megataxa.9.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/megataxa.9.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2703-3090</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7658066</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C13750EF941DA7C5CA9F95972C44D63" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C13750EF941DA7C5CA9F95972C44D63" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="46.[136,778,1770,1829]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,778,1770,1797]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName authority="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityName="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,641,1770,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifaria" status="spec. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,373,1770,1797]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Pseudopoda bifaria</emphasis>
Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[656,778,1771,1797]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation box="[136,264,1803,1829]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 33" captionStart-1="FIGURE 34" captionStartId-0="44.[136,235,1996,2020]" captionStartId-1="45.[136,235,1292,1316]" captionTargetBox-0="[323,1264,200,1976]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,210,1271]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@44.[323,1264,200,1976]" captionTargetId-1="figure-356@45.[151,1435,210,1272]" captionTargetPageId-0="44" captionTargetPageId-1="45" captionText-0="FIGURE 33. Pseudopoda bifaria Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu, spec. nov., holotype, female: A. Epigyne, ventral; B. Schematic course of IDS, dorsal; C. Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–C: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 34. Pseudopoda bifaria Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu, spec. nov., A–B Female habitus (A. dorsal; B. ventral). Scale bars: A–B: 2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7658163" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7658167" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7658163/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7658167/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs 33–34</figureCitation>
, Map 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="46.[136,778,1866,2085]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,309,1866,1893]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="India &amp; Topal" country="India" location="INDIA" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCode="MHNG0011" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[315,522,1866,1893]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<collectingCountry box="[315,402,1866,1892]" name="India" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<typeStatus box="[413,522,1867,1893]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
female from
<collectorName box="[672,732,1867,1893]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">India</collectorName>
, no. 871,
<collectorName box="[192,255,1899,1925]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Topal</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode box="[318,408,1899,1925]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[419,565,1899,1925]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="Museum">MHNG0011</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="46.[136,778,1866,2085]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[184,313,1931,1957]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective
<emphasis box="[365,452,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">bifarius</emphasis>
, -
<emphasis box="[480,494,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">a</emphasis>
, -
<emphasis box="[522,556,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">um</emphasis>
, meaning “double, two-fold, dual”, referring to duplicate arrangement of the visible slcerotised parts of the IDS in ventral view; adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="46.[810,1452,1450,2085]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[858,980,1450,1476]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The female of
<taxonomicName authority="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityName="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifaria" status="spec. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1159,1265,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. bifaria</emphasis>
Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[865,979,1483,1509]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authority="Jager, 2001" authorityName="Jager" authorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineata">
<emphasis box="[1219,1377,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. albolineata</emphasis>
Jäger, 2001
</taxonomicName>
(Jäger 2001) by having a similarly arranged IDS with visible two pairs of transversally arranged parts in ventral view, but can be distinguished by: 1) Median septum tripartite with two light “windows” and a sclerotised median part; 2) The lateral loops of the IDS extending distinctly beyond the FW (medium septum unstructured and LL extending not that distinctly beyond FW in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jager" authorityYear="2001" box="[894,1054,1739,1765]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineata">
<emphasis box="[894,1054,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. albolineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The female of
<taxonomicName authority="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityName="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifaria" status="spec. nov.">
<emphasis box="[1255,1362,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. bifaria</emphasis>
Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[966,1080,1771,1797]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zhao &amp; Li" authorityYear="2018" box="[1322,1451,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zixiensis">
<emphasis box="[1322,1339,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1356,1451,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">zixiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having similarly shape of medium septum, but can be distinguished by: 1) Posterior margins of LL with median incision; 2) IDS forming two rows in dorsal view; 3) FW strongly bent (without incision, oval-shaped, with coiling ducts embedded, almost straight in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zhao &amp; Li" authorityYear="2018" box="[1206,1332,1931,1957]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zixiensis">
<emphasis box="[1206,1223,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1237,1332,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">zixiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="46.[810,1452,1450,2085]" lastBlockId="49.[136,778,171,869]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
FEMALE (MHNG0011):
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1180,1365,1963,1989]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Measurements:</emphasis>
Small sized. Body length 7.8, DS length 3.7, width 3.2, OS length 4.1, width 2.9.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1061,1126,2027,2053]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Eyes:</emphasis>
AME 0.13, ALE 0.26, PME 0.18, PLE 0.22,AME–AME 0.16,AME–ALE 0.10, PME– PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.37, AME–PME 0.33, ALE–PLE 0.28,
<collectingCountry box="[201,240,203,229]" name="Switzerland" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">CH</collectingCountry>
AME 0.42,
<collectingCountry box="[383,422,203,229]" name="Switzerland" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">CH</collectingCountry>
ALE 0.34.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[557,682,202,228]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Spination:</emphasis>
Pp 131, 101, 2121, 1014; Fe I–II 323, III 322, IV 321; Pa I–II 001, III–IV 101; Ti
<date box="[300,374,267,293]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1016-01">I 1016</date>
,
<date box="[385,513,267,293]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2026-02" valueMax="2026-04-31" valueMin="2026-02-00">II–IV 2026</date>
; Mt
<date box="[562,670,267,293]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1014-01" valueMax="1014-02-31" valueMin="1014-01-00">I–II 1014</date>
, III 3024, IV 3036.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[244,638,298,325]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Measurements of palps and legs:</emphasis>
Pp 4.7 (1.4, 0.6, 0.9, –, 1.8); I 10.7 (3.0, 1.3, 2.9, 2.4, 1.1); II 14.0 (3.6, 1.6, 4.2, 3.3, 1.3); III 9.4 (2.7, 1.1, 2.4, 2.2, 1.0); IV 11.5 (3.4, 1.0, 2.8, 3.1, 1.2). Leg formula: II-IV-I-III. Cheliceral furrow with ca. 22 denticles.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7658171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7658171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7658171/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" startId="47.[136,235,1996,2020]" targetBox="[304,1282,198,1976]" targetPageId="47">
<paragraph blockId="47.[136,1451,1996,2053]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,273,1996,2021]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityName="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2023" box="[280,697,1997,2021]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="byssina" status="spec. nov.">
<emphasis box="[280,488,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pseudopoda byssina</emphasis>
Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[707,811,1997,2020]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, female: A. Epigyne, ventral; B. Schematic course of IDS, dorsal; C. Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–C: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7658175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7658175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7658175/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" startId="48.[136,235,1996,2020]" targetBox="[190,1398,200,1976]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph blockId="48.[136,1451,1996,2053]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,272,1996,2021]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityName="Zhang, Jager &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2023" box="[279,694,1997,2021]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Pseudopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="byssina" status="spec. nov.">
<emphasis box="[279,486,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pseudopoda byssina</emphasis>
Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[704,807,1997,2020]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, A–B Male habitus (A. dorsal; B. ventral); C–D Female habitus (C. dorsal; D. ventral). Scale bars: A–D: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,778,171,869]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[184,282,458,484]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Epigyne</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[301,444,459,485]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="44.[136,235,1996,2020]" captionTargetBox="[323,1264,200,1976]" captionTargetId="figure-18@44.[323,1264,200,1976]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 33. Pseudopoda bifaria Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu, spec. nov., holotype, female: A. Epigyne, ventral; B. Schematic course of IDS, dorsal; C. Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–C: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7658163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7658163/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 33A–C</figureCitation>
): As in diagnosis. EF wider than long, without obvious AB. Anterior margins of LL forming a ‘V’. FW leading posteriorly to mediad loop, then running laterally and leading to internally structured S.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,778,171,869]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[184,329,618,644]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Colouration</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[345,487,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="45.[136,235,1292,1316]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,210,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-356@45.[151,1435,210,1272]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 34. Pseudopoda bifaria Zhang, Jäger &amp; Liu, spec. nov., A–B Female habitus (A. dorsal; B. ventral). Scale bars: A–B: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7658167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7658167/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 34A–B</figureCitation>
): DS reddish brown with dark spots, two lateral bands, margin with thin line and brown pattern. Fovea and striae distinctly marked. OS dorsally with brown marks, with a broad transverse band in posterior half. OS ventrally with brown marks, mainly arranged in median line and on lateral sides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,778,171,869]" box="[184,396,811,837]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">MALE: Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[184,409,842,869]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="49.[136,778,171,869]" box="[184,409,842,869]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[184,338,842,868]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[344,405,843,869]" name="India" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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