598 lines
50 KiB
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598 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.63.24427" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13340691-6567-4c13-9cfd-ddccdbac016e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143734107" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-63-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA7C1527E1DF22AFFFC1441BF0E3554" ID-ZBK="6D832AA7FA5B4C30A65A9F2101CB97DB" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1243349" ID-ZooBank="6D832AA7FA5B4C30A65A9F2101CB97DB" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2607-63-51" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 63" ModsDocTitle="Neotype designation for Anaphesbrevis Walker (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)" checkinTime="1525110593337" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Huber, John T." docDate="2018" docId="A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 63: 51-60" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 63" docPubDate="2018-04-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.63.24427" docTitle="Anaphes brevis Walker 1846" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFA7C1527E1DF22AFFFC1441BF0E3554" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFA7C1527E1DF22AFFFC1441BF0E3554" masterDocTitle="Neotype designation for Anaphes brevis Walker (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="51" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1643475833611" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotype designation for Anaphes brevis Walker (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Huber, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural Resources Canada, c / o Canadian National Collection of Insects, AAFC, K. W. Neatby building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">john.huber@agr.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-04-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>63</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>60</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.63.24427</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.63.24427</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-63-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6D832AA7FA5B4C30A65A9F2101CB97DB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA7C1527E1DF22AFFFC1441BF0E3554</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1243349</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="143734107" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName LSID="A6DC350F-C376-E39B-DFD8-3A6F10BB080F" authority="Walker, 1846" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Anaphes brevis Walker, 1846</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Anaphes brevis, neotype, habitus. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199687" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2, 3" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2, 3. Anaphes brevis, head. 2 anterior 3 posterior. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures2-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199688" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">, 2, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 4–6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 4 - 6. Anaphes brevis. 4 head + base of antennae 5 antenna, outer surface 6 antenna, inner surface. Note difference in fl 4 and cross striations on inner surface of scape (striations very faint and more longitudinal on outer surface). Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures4-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199690" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">, 4-6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–9" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7 - 9. Anaphes brevis. 7 wings (see text for discussion) 8 body, dorsal 9 with frenum-gaster internal (more ventral) to show mesofurca and ovipositor through gaster; dashed line indicates anterior extension of ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures7-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199691" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">, 7-9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10, 11" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 10, 11. Anaphes brevis, body, lateral. 10 outer surface 11 median view of gaster showing ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures10-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199692" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">, 10-11</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Anaphes brevis</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1846: 52 (original description);
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<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWR de V" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (B)" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="189 - 243" refId="B1" refString="Graham, MWR de V, 1982. The Haliday collection of Mymaridae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with taxonomic notes on some material in other collections. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (B) 82: 189 - 243" title="The Haliday collection of Mymaridae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with taxonomic notes on some material in other collections." volume="82" year="1982">Graham 1982</bibRefCitation>
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: 214 (diagnosis, discussion [as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anaphes</taxonomicName>
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?
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Anaphes brevis</taxonomicName>
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]);
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" author="Huber, JT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 104" refId="B5" refString="Huber, JT, Thuroczy, C, 2018. Review of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with key to species in Europe and a world catalogue. Zootaxa 4376 (1): 1 - 104, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" title="Review of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with key to species in Europe and a world catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" volume="4376" year="2018">
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Huber and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Thuróczy">Thuroczy</normalizedToken>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 28 (catalogue), 46 (key).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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Neotype ♀ (BMNH) here designated to avoid ambiguity about the identity of this species, whose type material is lost (
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<bibRefCitation author="Graham, MWR de V" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (B)" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="189 - 243" refId="B1" refString="Graham, MWR de V, 1982. The Haliday collection of Mymaridae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with taxonomic notes on some material in other collections. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (B) 82: 189 - 243" title="The Haliday collection of Mymaridae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with taxonomic notes on some material in other collections." volume="82" year="1982">Graham 1982</bibRefCitation>
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). The neotype (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Anaphes brevis, neotype, habitus. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199687" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">1</figureCitation>
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) is card mounted and in good condition but faded to brown, with 4 labels: 1. "FRANCE Yvelines Behoust vi.1987". 2. "D. Coutinot Vial 2. F3 lab. culture". 3. "ex
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Lygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lygus</taxonomicName>
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eggs. CIE A19211". 4. "NEOTYPE ♀
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">Anaphes brevis</taxonomicName>
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Walker".
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1243427" doi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199687" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Anaphes brevis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, neotype, habitus. Scale bar: 500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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France, Yvelines,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Béhoust">Behoust</normalizedToken>
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, which is about 100 km from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Walker’s">Walker's</normalizedToken>
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original collecting locality (Fontainbleau Forest). The neotype is designated from among specimens near the type locality rather than from among specimens reared in Spain (illustrated in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" author="Huber, JT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 104" refId="B5" refString="Huber, JT, Thuroczy, C, 2018. Review of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with key to species in Europe and a world catalogue. Zootaxa 4376 (1): 1 - 104, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" title="Review of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with key to species in Europe and a world catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" volume="4376" year="2018">
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Huber and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Thuróczy">Thuroczy</normalizedToken>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 32-49), relatively far from the type locality. It is deposited in the institution (BMNH) where many of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Walker’s">Walker's</normalizedToken>
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primary types of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Chalcidoidea">Chalcidoidea</taxonomicName>
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are located. The slide mounted specimens illustrated (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2, 3" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2, 3. Anaphes brevis, head. 2 anterior 3 posterior. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures2-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199688" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">2</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10, 11" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 10, 11. Anaphes brevis, body, lateral. 10 outer surface 11 median view of gaster showing ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures10-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199692" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">11</figureCitation>
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) came from the same laboratory culture as the neotype.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1243431" doi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures2-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199688" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" start="Figures 2, 3" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Figures 2, 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Anaphes brevis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, head.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">2</emphasis>
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anterior
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">3</emphasis>
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posterior. Scale bars: 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="species diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Species diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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In Europe,
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<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. (Patasson) brevis" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="brevis" subGenus="Patasson">A. (Patasson) brevis</taxonomicName>
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belongs to a small group of species with occipital groove directed medially towards occipital foramen, thus forming an angle with supraorbital trabecula and strongly diverging away from posterior margin of eye (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2, 3" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2, 3. Anaphes brevis, head. 2 anterior 3 posterior. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures2-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199688" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">3</figureCitation>
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), and with fore wing hyaline (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–9" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7 - 9. Anaphes brevis. 7 wings (see text for discussion) 8 body, dorsal 9 with frenum-gaster internal (more ventral) to show mesofurca and ovipositor through gaster; dashed line indicates anterior extension of ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures7-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199691" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">7</figureCitation>
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, top arrow), its posterior margin with a short hyaline section subapically separating distal dark margin from proximal slightly darker margin (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–9" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7 - 9. Anaphes brevis. 7 wings (see text for discussion) 8 body, dorsal 9 with frenum-gaster internal (more ventral) to show mesofurca and ovipositor through gaster; dashed line indicates anterior extension of ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures7-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199691" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">7</figureCitation>
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, left arrow), and cubital line of seta distinctly separated by a gap from posterior margin of fore wing (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–9" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7 - 9. Anaphes brevis. 7 wings (see text for discussion) 8 body, dorsal 9 with frenum-gaster internal (more ventral) to show mesofurca and ovipositor through gaster; dashed line indicates anterior extension of ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures7-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199691" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">7</figureCitation>
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, bottom arrow). It is distinguished from the most similar species,
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<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. collinus" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="collinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">A. collinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Walker, 1846 (type locality: Northern Ireland, Belfast, Cavehill) and
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<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. inexpectatus" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">A. inexpectatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Huber & Prinsloo, 1990 (introduced from Australia into Portugal and established there) by the following combination of features: length/width of fl2-fl5 each at least 3.1 in most specimens (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 4–6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 4 - 6. Anaphes brevis. 4 head + base of antennae 5 antenna, outer surface 6 antenna, inner surface. Note difference in fl 4 and cross striations on inner surface of scape (striations very faint and more longitudinal on outer surface). Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures4-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199690" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">5</figureCitation>
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) and with 2 mps (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Anaphes brevis, neotype, habitus. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199687" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 4–6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 4 - 6. Anaphes brevis. 4 head + base of antennae 5 antenna, outer surface 6 antenna, inner surface. Note difference in fl 4 and cross striations on inner surface of scape (striations very faint and more longitudinal on outer surface). Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures4-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199690" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">5</figureCitation>
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), though sometimes fl4 with 1 or 0 mps (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 4–6" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 4 - 6. Anaphes brevis. 4 head + base of antennae 5 antenna, outer surface 6 antenna, inner surface. Note difference in fl 4 and cross striations on inner surface of scape (striations very faint and more longitudinal on outer surface). Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures4-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199690" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">6</figureCitation>
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), the segments without or with 1 mps usually shorter and slightly narrower than remaining funicle segments (rarely, the same specimen may have different numbers of mps on fl4); fore wing relatively wide (length/width 3.66-4.61) cubital row of setae separated from posterior margin of fore
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="54" start="start">wing</pageBreakToken>
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by a noticeable gap (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Anaphes brevis, neotype, habitus. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199687" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7–9" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 7 - 9. Anaphes brevis. 7 wings (see text for discussion) 8 body, dorsal 9 with frenum-gaster internal (more ventral) to show mesofurca and ovipositor through gaster; dashed line indicates anterior extension of ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures7-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199691" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">7</figureCitation>
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); ovipositor at most about 1.5 as long as metatibia, extending anteriorly under mesosoma at most to level of mesocoxa (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10, 11" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 10, 11. Anaphes brevis, body, lateral. 10 outer surface 11 median view of gaster showing ovipositor. Scale bars: 200 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures10-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199692" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">11</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1243433" doi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures4-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199690" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" start="Figures 4–6" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Figures 4-6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Anaphes brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">4</emphasis>
|
||
head + base of antennae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">5</emphasis>
|
||
antenna, outer surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">6</emphasis>
|
||
antenna, inner surface. Note difference in fl4 and cross striations on inner surface of scape (striations very faint and more longitudinal on outer surface). Scale bars: 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1243435" doi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures7-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199691" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" start="Figures 7–9" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Figures 7-9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Anaphes brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">7</emphasis>
|
||
wings (see text for discussion)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">8</emphasis>
|
||
body, dorsal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">9</emphasis>
|
||
with frenum-gaster internal (more ventral) to show mesofurca and ovipositor through gaster; dashed line indicates anterior extension of ovipositor. Scale bars: 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1243429" doi="10.3897/jhr.63.24427.figures10-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199692" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" start="Figures 10, 11" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Figures 10, 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Anaphes brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, body, lateral.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">10</emphasis>
|
||
outer surface
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">11</emphasis>
|
||
median view of gaster showing ovipositor. Scale bars: 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Female (neotype). Body length 645
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Antenna brown, with apex of scape and pedicel except narrowly along their dorsal surfaces lighter brown; body and legs dark brown (presumably black if neotype were fresh) except trochantellus and apex of femora, base and apex of tibia, and tarsomeres 1-3 white. Antenna with length measurements
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="55" start="start">as</pageBreakToken>
|
||
follows: scape (not measurable, its base hidden by collapsed face), pedicel 50, fl1 20, fl2 50, fl3 70, fl4 60, fl5 60, fl6 50, clava 110. Fore wing length/width 3.95 (790/200); ovipositor/metatibia length 1.49 (395/265), the ovipositor sac extending to base of mesocoxa. Metatarsomere 1 distinctly shorter than metatarsomere 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-05-19" collectorName="Zhu" country="CHINA" elevation="1195" location="Mentougou" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hebei">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Hebei">Hebei</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Beijing">Beijing</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:46DD3E64B5D540A9C063E08AD0B58491" country="CHINA" name="Mentougou" stateProvince="Hebei">Mentougou</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1949999999999998" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.14" unit="m" value="1195.0" valueMax="1250.0" valueMin="1140.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1949999999999998" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.14" unit="m" value="1195.0" valueMax="1250.0" valueMin="1140.0">1140-1250m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-05-19">19.v.2002</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Zhu</collectorName>
|
||
C.-d. (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on slide, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1999-06-25" collectingDateMax="1999-06-28" collectingDateMin="1999-06-25" collectorName="Zhu C." country="China" elevation="1950" location="Foping" municipality="Zhouzhi" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Zhouzhi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1999-06-25">25.vi.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Zhu C.</collectorName>
|
||
-d. (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
on points,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on slide, CNC);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:99436E2AE7228564EF462FB9D64BDF8F" country="China" municipality="Zhouzhi" name="Foping" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Foping</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="1.75" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2150.0" valueMin="1750.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="1.75" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2150.0" valueMin="1750.0">1750-2150m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1999-06-28">28.vi.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Zhu C.</collectorName>
|
||
-d. (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on slide, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-08-17" collectorName="Zhu" country="China" elevation="3920" location="Riwoqe" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tibet">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Xizang">Tibet</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Riwoqê">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:F42DAF8CD0AFD89C39290AD5DC60C8FE" country="China" name="Riwoqe" stateProvince="Tibet">Riwoqe</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" unit="m" value="3920.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" unit="m" value="3920.0">3920 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2001-08-17">17.viii.2001</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Zhu</collectorName>
|
||
C.-d. (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
on slide, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="A19211" collectingDate="1986-07-30" collectingDateMax="1987-06" collectingDateMin="1986-07-30" collectorName="Coutinot" country="FRANCE" location="Yvelines. Behoust" specimenCount="21" specimenCount-female="14" specimenCount-male="7">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="France">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:C3D128F291A789BA831FF945BE761CB4" country="FRANCE" name="Yvelines. Behoust">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Yvelines</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Béhoust">Behoust</normalizedToken>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1986-07-30">30.vii.1986</collectingDate>
|
||
, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Lygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Lygus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. in stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Matricaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Matricaria" order="Campanulales" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Matricaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in laboratory culture
|
||
<collectedFrom>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Lygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Lygus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
, F1 and F3 generations,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1987-06">vi.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
, D.
|
||
<collectorName>Coutinot</collectorName>
|
||
, CIE
|
||
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/A19211">A19211</accessionNumber>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
on cards;
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">9 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
on slides, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1996-10-29" collectingDateMax="1996-11-04" collectingDateMin="1996-10-29" collectorName="Kassebeer" country="MOROCCO" elevation="1000" location="Marrakech. Ouirgane" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Morocco">MOROCCO</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:AE1056F804D4A5B633E94C130B35C3CD" country="MOROCCO" name="Marrakech. Ouirgane">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Marrakech</emphasis>
|
||
. Ouirgane
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 4-10.ix, 10-22.ix,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1996-10-29" valueMax="1996-11-04" valueMin="1996-10-29">29.x-4.xi.1996</collectingDate>
|
||
, C.
|
||
<collectorName>Kassebeer</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2000-09-14" collectingDateMax="2000-09-21" collectingDateMin="2000-09-14" collectorName="Coutinot, Lopez" country="SPAIN" location="Gerona. Navata" specimenCount="2028" specimenCount-female="20" specimenCount-male="8">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Spain">SPAIN</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:3411C8B2228BB64327401C821998C4FC" country="SPAIN" name="Gerona. Navata">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Gerona</emphasis>
|
||
. Navata
|
||
</location>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-09-21">21.ix.
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">2000 ex.</specimenCount>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Lygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Lygus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
eggs
|
||
<collectedFrom>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Chenopodiaceae" genus="Chenopodium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chenopodium" order="Centrospermae" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Chenopodium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
in cages,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2000-09-14" valueMax="2000-09-21" valueMin="2000-09-14">14-21.ix.2000</collectingDate>
|
||
, D.
|
||
<collectorName>Coutinot</collectorName>
|
||
& J.
|
||
<collectorName>Lopez</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">17 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
on cards;
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
on slides, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1994-06-12" collectingDateMax="1999-07-31" collectingDateMin="1994-06-12" collectorName="J. S. Noyes, J. S Noyes" country="UNITED KINGDOM" county="England. Berkshire" location="Silwood Park" municipality="Ascot" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Wrexham">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="United Kingdom">UNITED KINGDOM</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCounty>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">England</emphasis>
|
||
. Berkshire
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Ascot</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:871DD7B3CDAFD1A036115B9F3A46E065" country="UNITED KINGDOM" county="England. Berkshire" municipality="Ascot" name="Silwood Park" stateProvince="Wrexham">Silwood Park</location>
|
||
, 11 &
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-06-12">12.vi.1994</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.S. Noyes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
on cards, CNC).
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:A8AD13A174D54D2B3236A8E35D35F5F9" country="UNITED KINGDOM" county="England. Berkshire" municipality="Ascot" name="Wales." stateProvince="Wrexham">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Wales</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</location>
|
||
<collectingRegion country="United Kingdom" name="Wrexham">Wrexham</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Llangollen">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Llangollen
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A6DC350FC376E39BDFD83A6F10BB080F:D3891B8CF1732AE86020E41AA2AA2557" country="UNITED KINGDOM" county="England. Berkshire" municipality="Ascot" name="Llamon Dyffryn Ceiriog" stateProvince="Wrexham">Llamon Dyffryn Ceiriog</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1999-07-31">31.vii.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.S Noyes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, CNC)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes (Patasson) collinus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collinus" subGenus="Patasson">Anaphes (Patasson) collinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walker, described on the same page but before
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. brevis" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, presents an interesting problem. It is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. brevis" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in wing colour and antennal features, but fl4 almost always has no mps (Huber &
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Thuróczy">Thuroczy</normalizedToken>
|
||
2018, figs 90b, c). Otherwise,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. collinus" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="collinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. collinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller, with a longer, trombone-shaped ovipositor extending as far as base of procoxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
In Europe, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. collinus" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="collinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. collinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reared from stems of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Cardraria" lsidName="Cardraria draba" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="draba">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Cardraria draba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
containing eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ceutorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceutorhynchus cardraria" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardraria">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Ceutorhynchus cardraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Korotyaev (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="Ceutorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from Romania, Valea Lupului, with various collecting/emergence dates in iv & v.2010, A. Diaconu (16 ♀ & 15 ♂ on cards, 2 ♀ on slides, CNC) and a similar, possibly undescribed species with generally longer funicle segments has been reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhinocyllus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinocyllus conicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Rhinocyllus conicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Frölich">Froelich</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Carduus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carduus nutans" order="Campanulales" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nutans">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Carduus nutans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Silybum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Silybum marianum" order="Campanulales" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="marianum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Silybum marianum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from France,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouches-du-Rhône">Bouches-du-Rhone</normalizedToken>
|
||
, St. Martin de Crau, 10.v.1988, J.-P. Aeschlimann (2 ♀, CNC) and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hérault">Herault</normalizedToken>
|
||
, La Vacquerie-et-Saint-Martin-de-Castries, 19.vii.1985, J.-P. Aeschlimann (1 ♀, CNC). Whether these specimens actually represent
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. brevis" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(or are indeed
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. collinus" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="collinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. collinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, if priority of position on page is accepted) or yet another species, with the variation due to rearing from a different host order or different species is unknown. Since both named species parasitize hosts that are economically important or potentially so it might be worth determining their species status and host range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
In North America,
|
||
<taxonomicName aberration="conotracheli" authority="conotracheli" genus="A." lsidName="A." pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. conotracheli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Girault, 1905) is also extremely similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. brevis" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Huber (2006) compared and contrasted
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. conotracheli" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="conotracheli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. conotracheli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. pallipes" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="pallipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. pallipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ashmead, 1887) that
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" author="Huber, JT" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 104" refId="B5" refString="Huber, JT, Thuroczy, C, 2018. Review of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with key to species in Europe and a world catalogue. Zootaxa 4376 (1): 1 - 104, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" title="Review of Anaphes Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with key to species in Europe and a world catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4376.1.1" volume="4376" year="2018">
|
||
Huber and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Thuróczy">Thuroczy</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed in synonymy under
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. collinus" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="collinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. collinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The neotype fits very well
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/037454809494390" author="Walker, F" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="49 - 54" refId="B7" refString="Walker, F, 1846. Descriptions of the Mymaridae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 49 - 54, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/037454809494390" title="Descriptions of the Mymaridae." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/037454809494390" volume="18" year="1846">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Walker’s">Walker's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1846)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
short description of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes brevis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Anaphes brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
quoted above but depending on the specimen it also more or less fits his equally short description of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes collinus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Anaphes collinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: "Fem. Antennarum articulis a 4° inde alternis minoribus" and could also fit specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. conotracheli" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species" species="conotracheli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">A. conotracheli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Because the relative size of fl4 may vary, even between the antennae of the same specimen, and all three species have very similar fore wings, the
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="56" start="start">neotype</pageBreakToken>
|
||
designation for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. brevis" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">A. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is even more important. Body length and, possibly, relative length of ovipositor (compared to metatibia length) may also vary depending on host though this needs to be verified. Breeding experiments among individuals and their progeny reared on different hosts (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Lygus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Lygus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. versus various
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and rearing F1 progeny on the alternate host to their parents, as was done with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes iole" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iole">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Anaphes iole</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Girault, 1911 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent120893-10" author="Huber, JT" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="893 - 901" refId="B4" refString="Huber, JT, Rajakulendran, SV, 1988. Redescription of and host-induced antennal variation in Anaphes iole Girault (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasite of Miridae (Hemiptera) in North America. The Canadian Entomologist 120: 893 - 901, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent120893-10" title="Redescription of and host-induced antennal variation in Anaphes iole Girault (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasite of Miridae (Hemiptera) in North America." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent120893-10" volume="120" year="1988">Huber and Rajakulendran 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anaphes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Anaphes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reared from carrot weevil,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Listronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Listronotus oregonensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Listronotus oregonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LeConte) (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Curculionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent129959-5" author="Huber, JT" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" pagination="959 - 977" refId="B3" refString="Huber, JT, Cote, S, Boivin, G, 1997. Description of three new Anaphes species (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), egg parasitoids of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and redescription of Anaphes sordidatus Girault. The Canadian Entomologist 129: 959 - 977, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent129959-5" title="Description of three new Anaphes species (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), egg parasitoids of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and redescription of Anaphes sordidatus Girault." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent129959-5" volume="129" year="1997">Huber et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), might elucidate whether only one or several biological species are involved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |