352 lines
39 KiB
XML
352 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.935.37138" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f378201-712a-46c0-bbe6-8e5e578c61dd" ID-PMC="PMC7256073" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-935-121" ID-Pensoft-UUID="33263B29FD6E5F15BCFC61C058095F9C" ID-PubMed="32508505" ID-ZooBank="4D41FCF4A59544F095EFCF38D0FC127C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-935-121" checkinTime="1590112769381" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bernardes, Marta, Le, Minh Duc, Nguyen, Truong Quang, Pham, Cuong The, Pham, Anh Van, Nguyen, Tao Thien, Roedder, Dennis, Bonkowski, Michael & Ziegler, Thomas" docDate="2020" docId="A6ADDF55CA5251B4B0D352F4FA5FEE8A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 935: 121-164" docOrigin="ZooKeys 935" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.935.37138" docTitle="Tylototriton pasmansi M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3B901B94-4741-40BD-BDC1-75086A06A8FA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="33263B29FD6E5F15BCFC61C058095F9C" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="33263B29FD6E5F15BCFC61C058095F9C" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy reveals three new taxa within the Tylototriton asperrimus complex (Caudata, Salamandridae) from Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="121" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1668168868404" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy reveals three new taxa within the Tylototriton asperrimus complex (Caudata, Salamandridae) from Vietnam</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Bernardes, Marta</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Cologne Zoo, Riehler Str. 173, 50735 Cologne, Germany & Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47 b, 50674 Cologne, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mrtbernardes@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Le, Minh Duc</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai Road, Hanoi, Vietnam & Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Vietnam & Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Truong Quang</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-0880</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Pham, Cuong The</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Pham, Anh Van</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Bac University, Quyet Tam Ward, Son La City, Son La Province, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Tao Thien</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Roedder, Dennis</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Bonkowski, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47 b, 50674 Cologne, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Ziegler, Thomas</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Cologne Zoo, Riehler Str. 173, 50735 Cologne, Germany & Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47 b, 50674 Cologne, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>935</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>121</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>164</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.935.37138</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.935.37138</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-935-121</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4D41FCF4A59544F095EFCF38D0FC127C</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">33263B29FD6E5F15BCFC61C058095F9C</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164248500" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3B901B94-4741-40BD-BDC1-75086A06A8FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A6ADDF55CA5251B4B0D352F4FA5FEE8A" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName LSID="A6ADDF55-CA52-51B4-B0D3-52F4FA5FEE8A" authority="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityName="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton pasmansi" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pasmansi" status="sp. nov.">Tylototriton pasmansi M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T.T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="121">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Tylototriton pasmansi sp. nov. (holotype). In sequence: dorsal view; ventral view; lateral view; and detail of dorsal view of the head. Photographs T. Ziegler." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.935.37138.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/412604" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figures 8</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal and ventral views of the new taxa in life. Top: Tylototriton pasmansi sp. nov. (holotype); Center: Tylototriton pasmansi obsti ssp. nov. (holotype); Bottom: Tylototriton sparreboomi sp. nov. Photographs: C. T. Pham (upper row) and A. V. Pham (central and lower rows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.935.37138.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/412605" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">, 9</figureCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anderson" authorityYear="1871" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tylototriton</taxonomicName>
|
|
taxon 2 (this study).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. vietnamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="vietnamensis">T. vietnamensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
(referring to the population from Phu Tho Province):
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Nguyen, TQ" journalOrPublisher="Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="325 - 333" refId="B30" refString="Nguyen, TQ, Nguyen, VS, Ho, LT, Le, QK, Nguyen, TT, 2009. Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic review of the family Salamandridae (Amphibia: Caudata) from Vietnam (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 7 (3): 325 - 333" title="Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic review of the family Salamandridae (Amphibia: Caudata) from Vietnam (in Vietnamese)." volume="7" year="2009">Nguyen et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 327.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">T. asperrimus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(referring to the population from Hoa Binh Province):
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Yuan, Z-Y" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="577 - 84" refId="B63" refString="Yuan, Z-Y, Jiang, K, Lue, S-Q, Yang, J-X, Nguyen, TQ, Nguyen, TT, Jin, J-Q, Che, J, 2011. A phylogeny of the Tylototriton asperrimus group (Caudata: Salamandridae) based on a mitochondrial study: suggestions for a taxonomic revision. Zoological Research 32 (6): 577 - 84" title="A phylogeny of the Tylototriton asperrimus group (Caudata: Salamandridae) based on a mitochondrial study: suggestions for a taxonomic revision." volume="32" year="2011">Yuan et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 583;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5358/hsj.32.34" author="Nishikawa, K" journalOrPublisher="Current Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="34 - 49" refId="B32" refString="Nishikawa, K, Matsui, M, Nguyen, TT, 2013b. A new species of Tylototriton from Northern Vietnam (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae). Current Herpetology 32 (1): 34 - 49, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5358/hsj.32.34" title="A new species of Tylototriton from Northern Vietnam (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5358/hsj.32.34" volume="32" year="2013 b">Nishikawa et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 39;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Luu, VQ" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Notes" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="51 - 58" refId="B28" refString="Luu, VQ, Le, CX, Do, HQ, Hoang, TT, Nguyen, TT, Bonkowski, M, Ziegler, T, 2014. New records of amphibians from Thuong Tien Nature Reserve, Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam. Herpetological Notes 7 (2014): 51 - 58" title="New records of amphibians from Thuong Tien Nature Reserve, Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam." volume="7" year="2014">Luu et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 55.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">T. cf. asperrimus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(1) (referring to the population from Hoa Binh Province):
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.3" author="Phimmachak, S" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="285 - 310" refId="B37" refString="Phimmachak, S, Aowphol, A, Stuart, BL, 2015a. Morphological and molecular variation in Tylototriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) in Laos, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4006 (2): 285 - 310, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.3" title="Morphological and molecular variation in Tylototriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) in Laos, with description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4006.2.3" volume="4006" year="2015 a">Phimmachak et al. 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 293.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">T. cf. asperrimus</taxonomicName>
|
|
"Lao Cai/Hoa Binh" (referring to the populations from Lac Son, Hoa Binh):
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez, A" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" refId="B14" refString="Hernandez, A, 2016. Crocodile Newts, The Primitive Salamandridae from Asia (Genera Echinotriton and Tylototriton). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt" title="Crocodile Newts, The Primitive Salamandridae from Asia (Genera Echinotriton and Tylototriton)." year="2016">Hernandez 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 254.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">T. cf. asperrimus</taxonomicName>
|
|
"northern Vietnam" (referring to the populations from Lai Chau, Lao Cai, Hoa Binh, and Phu Tho)
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="79 - 82" refId="B15" refString="Hernandez, A, 2018. Ecological affinities of Tylototriton asperrimus Unterstein, 1930 (Amphibia, Caudata: Salamandridae) at Bainiu, Dayaoshan, Guangxi Province, China with an emphasis on its cryptic diversity. Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France 166 (2018): 79 - 82" title="Ecological affinities of Tylototriton asperrimus Unterstein, 1930 (Amphibia, Caudata: Salamandridae) at Bainiu, Dayaoshan, Guangxi Province, China with an emphasis on its cryptic diversity." volume="166" year="2018">Hernandez 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, page 80.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="holotype">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">IEBR 4466, adult male, collected in Phu Canh Nature Reserve, Da Bac District, Hoa Binh Province, on 11 June 2016 by H. N. Ngo et al.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="paratypes">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Four adult males, same data as the holotype: IEBR 4467-IEBR 4470; two adult males collected from Xuan Son National Park, Tan Son District, Phu Tho Province, unknown collector: IEBR 4322 and IEBR 4323; four adult males collected from Xuan Son National Park, Tan Son District, Phu Tho Province, on 7 July 2016 by T. D. Le: IEBR 4320, IEBR 4321, IEBR 4500 and IEBR 4501. One adult female collected from Thuong Tien Nature Reserve (Cot Ca forest, Quy Hoa Commune), Lac Son District, Hoa Binh Province at 720 m elevation on 24 July 2009 by V. Q. Luu: VFU A.2009.8.</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.935.37138.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/412604" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton pasmansi" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pasmansi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Tylototriton pasmansi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. (holotype). In sequence: dorsal view; ventral view; lateral view; and detail of dorsal view of the head. Photographs T. Ziegler.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">The species is named after Prof. Dr. Frank Pasmans, Ghent University (Belgium), who has made considerable and path-breaking contributions in the field of infectious diseases driven amphibian declines.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">The new species is diagnosed by the following combination of characters: head slightly longer than wide; snout truncate in dorsal view and slightly angular in profile; relative wide distance between the eyes; distinct mid-dorsal ridge on head; tips of fingers reaching the eye when foreleg adpressed along head; labial and gular folds present; rib nodules distinct and varying from pointy to more rounded; glandular vertebral ridge high, slightly rough and segmented; dorsal skin more granulose than ventral skin; and skin in middle of abdomen with smooth tubercles shaped like transverse wrinkles.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Habitus moderately slender; head broader than body, slightly longer than wide, depressed and slightly oblique in profile; snout wider than long (IN> EN), truncate in dorsal view, slightly angular shaped in profile and protruding beyond lower jaw; nostrils close to snout tip and slightly visible from above; labial fold slightly evident; dorsolateral bony ridges on head prominent, moderately protruding, from above eye to above anterior end of parotoid, posterior ends relatively thick and scrolled inside; mid-dorsal ridge on head distinct and thin; parotoids enlarged, projecting backwards; ventral skin with tubercles shaped like transverse wrinkles; gular fold weak; glandular vertebral ridge high, slightly rough and segmented, anteriorly thinner, extending from top of head to base of tail, separated from mid-dorsal ridge, with slight scoliosis at height of anterior limbs; number of trunk vertebras around 13; rib nodules distinct, rounded and small, with slightly bigger sizes reached at mid-trunk; tips of fore- and hind limbs touch when adpressed along body; tips of fingers reaching eye when foreleg laid forward; one toe missing on right hind-limb; and tail laterally compressed, thin and tip acuminated.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="color of holotype">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Color of holotype.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
In preservative, the overall dorsal coloration faded dark grayish green, the ventral coloration dark brown, with faded yellow markings on vent, ventral margin of tail, tip of fingers and toes, and part of palms. For color in life see Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal and ventral views of the new taxa in life. Top: Tylototriton pasmansi sp. nov. (holotype); Center: Tylototriton pasmansi obsti ssp. nov. (holotype); Bottom: Tylototriton sparreboomi sp. nov. Photographs: C. T. Pham (upper row) and A. V. Pham (central and lower rows)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.935.37138.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/412605" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">9</figureCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.935.37138.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/412605" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" start="Figure 9" startId="F10">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal and ventral views of the new taxa in life. Top:
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton pasmansi" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pasmansi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Tylototriton pasmansi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. (holotype); Center:
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton pasmansi subsp. obsti" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pasmansi" subSpecies="obsti">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Tylototriton pasmansi obsti</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
ssp. nov. (holotype); Bottom:
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton sparreboomi" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sparreboomi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Tylototriton sparreboomi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. Photographs: C. T. Pham (upper row) and A. V. Pham (central and lower rows).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Measurements of holotype (in mm).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">SVL 64.16; MHW 16.07; HW 11.87; HL 17.67; PL 9.61; PH 4.50; EL 3.06; EN 3.69; IN 5.55; IE 8.11; LJL 10.8; UEL 4.52; HUM 5.97; RAD 13.51; FEM 7.44; TIB 13.70; FORE 19.48; HIND 21.14; TL 53.91; TH 7.78; ClL 8.13; ClW 4.37; WVr 2.18; L5W 2.31; AG 27.36; and TkL 44.00.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
Paratypes from Hoa Binh Province are very similar to the holotype. Paratypes from Phu Tho seem to present a stouter habitus, more distinct middorsal ridge but slightly less protruding dorsolateral ridges on head and slightly enlarged round rib nodules. The variation of the morphological characters in males is summarized in Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Morphological measurements between the Tylototriton males from Son La and Thanh Hoa provinces (taxon 1), from Phu Tho and Hoa Binh provinces (taxon 2), and from Lai Chau Province (taxon 3). Measures as absolute values (in mm) and ratios of characters to snout vent length (% SVL). Values are presented as mean + / - standard deviation above minimum and maximum ranges, and for abbreviations see Materials and methods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9846492791068CD2D89D2E0F9846C65D" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" tableUuid="9846492791068CD2D89D2E0F9846C65D">4</tableCitation>
|
|
and the additional measurements of one female can be found in Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Morphological comparisons between the available females. Measures as absolute values (in mm) and ratios of characters to snout vent length (% SVL) between Tylototriton asperrimus holotype from China (ZMB 34089), T. cf. asperrimus from Thuong Tien Nature Reserve, Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam (taxon 2) (VFUA. 2009.8), and T. notialis (JJLR 01195) from Pu Hoat Nature Reserve, Nghe An Province, Vietnam. For abbreviations see Materials and methods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E9D5079821EFE39EC72519BD6247628B" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" tableUuid="E9D5079821EFE39EC72519BD6247628B">3</tableCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="comparisons">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. Bernardes, M. D. Le, T. Q. Nguyen, C. T. Pham, A. V. Pham, T. T. Nguyen & T. Ziegler" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton pasmansi" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pasmansi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Tylototriton pasmansi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. differs from other related species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anderson" authorityYear="1871" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Tylototriton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tylototriton" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Tylototriton</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
as follows: from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anhuiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="anhuiensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. anhuiensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by distinctly separated rib nodules (versus continuous nodule-like warts in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anhuiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="anhuiensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. anhuiensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a wider (versus shorter) distance between the eyes, tips of fingers reaching eye (versus nostril) when foreleg laid forward, and head slightly longer than wide (versus wider than long in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
according to
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5358/hsj.32.34" author="Nishikawa, K" journalOrPublisher="Current Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="34 - 49" refId="B32" refString="Nishikawa, K, Matsui, M, Nguyen, TT, 2013b. A new species of Tylototriton from Northern Vietnam (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae). Current Herpetology 32 (1): 34 - 49, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5358/hsj.32.34" title="A new species of Tylototriton from Northern Vietnam (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5358/hsj.32.34" volume="32" year="2013 b">Nishikawa et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004285620" author="Sparreboom, M" journalOrPublisher="Knnv Publishing, Zeist, Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" refId="B50" refString="Sparreboom, M, 2014. Salamanders of the Old World: the salamanders of Europe, Asia and northern Africa. Knnv Publishing, Zeist, Netherlands, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004285620" title="Salamanders of the Old World: the salamanders of Europe, Asia and northern Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004285620" year="2014">Sparreboom 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Hernandez, A" journalOrPublisher="Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" refId="B14" refString="Hernandez, A, 2016. Crocodile Newts, The Primitive Salamandridae from Asia (Genera Echinotriton and Tylototriton). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt" title="Crocodile Newts, The Primitive Salamandridae from Asia (Genera Echinotriton and Tylototriton)." year="2016">Hernandez 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), however, the female holotype shows similar head proportions-see Discussion); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. broadoridgus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="broadoridgus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. broadoridgus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a head longer than wide (versus equally long and wide), wider (versus shorter) distance between eyes, presence (versus absence) of gular fold, smoother (versus extremely rough) skin on ventral side shaped like transverse wrinkles (versus rounded shaped, uniform to dorsal side), distinctly separated rib nodules (versus continuous nodule-like warts), and narrower vertebral ridge (versus broader in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. broadoridgus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="broadoridgus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. broadoridgus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hainanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. hainanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the head being slightly longer than wide (versus much wider than long), and a snout truncate in dorsal view (versus rounded in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hainanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. hainanensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. liuyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="liuyangensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. liuyangensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a wider (versus shorter) distance between eyes, distinctly separated rib nodules (versus continuous nodule-like warts), and ventral side skin shaped like transverse wrinkles (versus covered by warts in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. liuyangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="liuyangensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. liuyangensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. notialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="notialis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. notialis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a broader (versus narrower) head, a slightly angular (versus rounded) shaped snout in profile, longer (versus shorter) hind-limbs, and higher tail (versus thinner tail in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. notialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="notialis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. notialis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. panhai" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="panhai">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. panhai</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by wider (versus shorter) distance between the eyes, presence (versus absence) of labial fold, distinct (versus absent) middorsal ridge on head, and dorsal color uniformly dark (versus dorsal color with characteristic colorful markings in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. panhai" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="panhai">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. panhai</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. vietnamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="vietnamensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. vietnamensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by round to pointy (versus slightly flattened) rib nodules, presence (versus absence) of gular fold, and high vertebral ridge (versus low vertebral ridge in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. vietnamensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="vietnamensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. vietnamensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. wenxianensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="wenxianensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. wenxianensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a truncate snout in dorsal view (versus round), wider (versus shorter) distance between the eyes, distinctly separated rib nodules (versus continuous nodule-like warts), presence (versus absence) of gular fold, smoother (versus extremely rough) skin on ventral side shaped like transverse wrinkles (versus rounded shaped and uniform to dorsal side), and colored marking on ventral slit (versus black colored ventral slit in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. wenxianensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="wenxianensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. wenxianensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); and from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ziegleri" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="ziegleri">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. ziegleri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by head slightly longer than wide (versus wider than long), smaller (versus enlarged knob-like) rib nodules, dispersed granules (versus more granulose) on dorsal skin and vertebral ridge slightly less (versus more) segmented and glandular.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
The morphological comparison resulting from the measurements performed on the two females of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pasmansi" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="pasmansi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. pasmansi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">sensu stricto</emphasis>
|
|
(Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Morphological comparisons between the available females. Measures as absolute values (in mm) and ratios of characters to snout vent length (% SVL) between Tylototriton asperrimus holotype from China (ZMB 34089), T. cf. asperrimus from Thuong Tien Nature Reserve, Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam (taxon 2) (VFUA. 2009.8), and T. notialis (JJLR 01195) from Pu Hoat Nature Reserve, Nghe An Province, Vietnam. For abbreviations see Materials and methods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E9D5079821EFE39EC72519BD6247628B" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" tableUuid="E9D5079821EFE39EC72519BD6247628B">3</tableCitation>
|
|
) showed that the first one presents: wider (versus narrower) and longer (versus less long) head, longer (versus shorter) lower jaw length, wider (versus shorter) distance between the eyes, as well as higher values for all of the remaining head features, with the exception of snout length and head width, which were, in these cases, higher in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pasmansi" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="pasmansi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. pasmansi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
additionally presents longer and higher (versus shorter and thinner) tail, bigger (versus smaller) cloacal muscles, wider (versus narrower) vertebral ridge, slightly bigger (versus smaller) rib nodules and shorter trunk length (versus longer trunk length in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. asperrimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="species" species="asperrimus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">T. asperrimus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
Phu Canh Nature Reserve, Da Bac District and Thuong Tien Nature Reserve, Lac Son District in Hoa Binh Province, and Xuan Son National Park, Tan Son District, Phu Tho Province, Vietnam (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of the new populations of Tylototriton from North Vietnam, based on the following symbols: square (taxon 3, this study) the population from Sin Ho District, Lai Chau Province; diamond (taxon 1, this study) the upper one identifies the population from Van Ho District, Son La Province, and the lower one identifies the population from Thuong Xuan District, Thanh Hoa Province; triangle (taxon 2, this study) the upper one identifies the population from Tan Son District, Phu Tho Province, the middle one identifies the population from Da Bac District, Hoa Binh Province, and the lower one identifies the population from Lac Son District, Hoa Binh Province. The two populations identified by the circles represent T. asperrimus sensu stricto from China. High resolution remote sensing land cover information was extracted from " GLAD-UMD and SERVIR-Mekong, Natural annual tree canopy structure and surface water dynamics products, 2017 " (lower left panel). Bioclimatic variables (right side) were extracted from remote sensing data provided by Deblauwe et al. (2016)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.935.37138.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/412499" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">2</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="natural history">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
|
|
Based on remote sensing information the species is known from sites with an annual mean temperature of 20.4 to 20.7 °C, ranging from 11.5 to 26.3 °C during the year. Annual precipitation is about 1624 to 1884 mm ranging throughout the year from 7.3 to 379.8 mm. Further bioclimatic information is provided in Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="T6" captionText="Table 6. Bioclimatic conditions at the species records. Abbreviations: Annual Mean Temperature BIO 1, Mean Diurnal Range BIO 2, Isothermality BIO 3, Temperature Seasonality BIO 4, Max Temperature of Warmest Month BIO 5, Min Temperature of Coldest Month BIO 6, Temperature Annual Range BIO 7, Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter BIO 8, Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter BIO 9, Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter BIO 10, Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter BIO 11, Annual Precipitation BIO 12, Precipitation of Wettest Month BIO 13, Precipitation of Driest Month BIO 14, Precipitation Seasonality BIO 15, Precipitation of Wettest Quarter BIO 16, Precipitation of Driest Quarter BIO 17, Precipitation of Warmest Quarter BIO 18, and Precipitation of Coldest Quarter BIO 19." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BB144C8D4CD7D39BB267CAA03AB15FE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" tableUuid="BB144C8D4CD7D39BB267CAA03AB15FE3">6</tableCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |