464 lines
59 KiB
XML
464 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="A2F8169D119DD2AC67AAC7BA29A746BF" ID-CLB-Dataset="5426" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3839.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d32f9c2-3094-425b-bb7e-9c6e0517d4fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927721" ID-ZooBank="AA7FEED5-5C1F-48D0-A172-5C25C4001DF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623431431244" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał & Caldara, Roberto" docDate="2014" docId="A65B8792F3091F0A67B4B8208CAFAEA6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03839p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3839 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tychius argentatus Chevrolat 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="5A62FFEAF3181F186723BA028828AC6B" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1699010544010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DEFD7CD526E0DA8EB11264E448E59334">
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<mods:title id="D584715A4B24AE10612789A4D41722BB">Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Tychius (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with an evaluation of their value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7B24ACF833867460DA6384E5702E7F81" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7EA9C384AE394AA6B25EDAFCDF261F46">Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="443B6615AF3396C8ABFE9897FFE3D71D">Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F3E3E184A27D6CD22EB570D9FEC65FE9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8CBD9EF7E85163D90E452A7FF1D28976">Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CA2F985720695EC8696C40FA041D1942">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EB88AB92EFFEB18E82E97FA0E14BB749">
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<mods:date id="09A6C7D49086734D02E932D6E913A571">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="08990D6A25877FADCAD04B74C3CFA3D6">2014-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EE41F19CD93DD1A22F27F5DB77BBF73F">3839</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A65B8792F3091F0A67B4B8208CAFAEA6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927637" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550445" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3091F0A67B4B8208CAFAEA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A65B8792F3091F0A67B4B8208CAFAEA6" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3091F0967B4B8208971AE14" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967B4B8208A8FAE57" blockId="17.[151,679,546,572]" box="[151,679,546,572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="750581E8F3091F0967B4B8208A8FAE57" bold="true" box="[151,679,546,572]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3091F0967B4B8208A8FAE57" ID-CoL="59RRF" authority="Chevrolat, 1859" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,679,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentatus">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967B4B8208A8FAE57" bold="true" box="[151,679,546,572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967B4B82088DFAE57" bold="true" box="[151,247,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Tychius</emphasis>
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(s. str.)
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09667AB82089F1AE57" bold="true" box="[345,473,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">argentatus</emphasis>
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Chevrolat, 1859
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967B4B86B8971AE14" blockId="17.[151,345,617,639]" box="[151,345,617,639]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<bibRefCitation id="4A634B75F3091F0967B4B86B897DAE14" author="Caldara, R." box="[151,341,617,639]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="51 - 218" refId="ref37273" refString="Caldara, R. (1990) Revisione tassonomica delle specie paleartiche del genere Tychius Germar (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 25, 51 - 218." type="journal article" year="1990">Caldara 1990: 172</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3091F0967B4B8AE894FAF5B" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967B4B8AE894FAF5B" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967B4B8AE8952AEAE" bold="true" box="[151,378,684,709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="9E9A3CD9F3091F0966ABB8AE8DAFAE83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323411311" collectingDate="1979-05-20" collectionCode="R" country="Italy" county="Caldara" location="Porto Ferro" municipality="Sassari province" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-larva="3" stateProvince="Sardegna">
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3091F0966ABB8AE89CBAEAE" box="[392,483,684,709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
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obtained from pods of
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<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F3091F0965CFB8AF8BD9AEAE" box="[748,1009,684,709]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ornithopodioides">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0965CFB8AF8BD9AEAE" box="[748,1009,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lotus ornithopodioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. collected
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<date id="5A4C1044F3091F0963A5B8AE8CDDAEAE" box="[1158,1269,684,709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1979-05-20">
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<collectingDate id="4A08E9ACF3091F0963A5B8AE8CDDAEAE" box="[1158,1269,684,709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1979-05-20">20.v.1979</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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on sand dunes near the sea at a little bay called
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<location id="2B2D605FF3091F096526B8D28AADAE8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3091F0A67B4B8208CAFAEA6:2B2D605FF3091F096526B8D28AADAE8C" box="[517,645,720,743]" country="Italy" county="Caldara" municipality="Sassari province" name="Porto Ferro" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Sardegna">Porto Ferro</location>
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near
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<location id="2B2D605FF3091F0965E0B8CD8B36AE83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65B8792F3091F0A67B4B8208CAFAEA6:2B2D605FF3091F0965E0B8CD8B36AE83" box="[707,798,719,744]" country="Italy" county="Caldara" municipality="Sassari province" name="Stintino" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Sardegna">Stintino</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="CE29ACFEF3091F096409B8CD8BCDAE83" box="[810,997,719,744]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sassari province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="EC36F866F3091F0964D3B8CD8C65AE83" box="[1008,1101,719,744]" country="Italy" name="Sardegna" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="56E57614F3091F09637EB8CD8CBDAE83" box="[1117,1173,719,744]" name="Italy" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Italy</collectingCountry>
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), leg.
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<collectionCode id="48E3AE41F3091F0963FAB8D28CC7AE8C" box="[1241,1263,720,743]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="C72C4E08F3091F0963DAB8CD8D7BAE83" box="[1273,1363,719,744]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Caldara</collectingCounty>
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, and
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</materialsCitation>
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<specimenCount id="38F4FD0DF3091F0962ADB8CD88F2AF60" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
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obtained from larvae collected contemporaneously together with the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3091F0967E4B93E8A85AF3E" box="[199,685,828,853]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4B93E8A85AF3E" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" box="[199,685,828,853]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967E4B93E89E5AF3E" bold="true" box="[199,461,828,853]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
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See
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3091F096527B93E8A49AF3E" box="[516,609,828,853]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="27.[151,231,151,172]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 2. Larval setal index of: 1—T. parallelus group (A—T. paralellus); 2—T. striatulus group (B—T. striatulus); 3—T. quinquepunctatus group (C—T. quinqupunctatus); 4—T. intrusus group (D—T. alpinus; E—T. brisouti); 5—T.depressus group (F—T. depressus); 6—T. seriepilosus group (G—T. schneideri); 7—T. siculus group (H—T. capucinus); 8—T. squamulatus group (I—T. caldarai; J—T. squamulatus); 9—T. argentatus group (K—T. argentatus); 10—T. stephensi group (L—T. breviusculus; M—T. curtirostris; N—T. decretus; O—T. meliloti; P—T. pusillus; Q—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3031F0367B4BA958B4CAD4F">Tables 2</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3091F0965BBB93E8A80AF3E" box="[664,680,828,853]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="28.[151,241,484,507]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 3. Pupal setal index of: 1—T. quinquepunctatus group (A—T. quinqupunctatus); 2—T. intrusus group (B—T. alpinus; C—T. brisouti); 3—T. depressus group (D—T. depressus); 4—T. seriepilosus group (E—T. schneideri); 5—T. siculus group (F—T. capucinus); 6—T. squamulatus group (G—T. caldarai; H—T. squamulatus); 7—T. argentatus group (I—T. argentatus); 8—T. stephensi group (J—T. breviusculus; K—T. curtirostris; L—T. decretus; M—T. meliloti; N—T. pusillus; O—T. tibialis)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3041F0467B4BBE689B0AE10">3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E8650FF3091F0A67E4B95D8C83AE0B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4B95D89BBAFF6" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967E4B95D8A30AF13" bold="true" box="[199,536,863,888]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
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COLORATION. Head brown to dark yellow. All thoracic and abdominal segments light yellow to yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4B9AA8C7FA8CD" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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HEAD CAPSULE AND MOUTH PARTS. Head width:
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<quantity id="E90A9B61F3091F096430B9A58B93AFD4" box="[787,955,935,960]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="0.435" valueMax="0.45" valueMin="0.42">0.42–0.45 mm</quantity>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="6370033FF3091F0964DCB9A58C75AFAB" box="[1023,1117,935,960]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
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). Endocarinal line present, relatively short.
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09666DB9CF89AAAF82" box="[334,386,973,1001]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096659B9D989AAAF82" attach="left" box="[378,386,987,1001]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located almost in central parts of epicarnium;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964AEB9CE8B93AF82" box="[909,955,972,1001]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
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||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096490B9D98B93AF82" attach="left" box="[947,955,987,1001]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located very near frontal suture, near
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096244B9CE8DBCAF82" box="[1383,1428,972,1001]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0962AFB9D98DBCAF82" attach="left" box="[1420,1428,987,1001]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967B4B9F088ECA864" box="[151,196,1010,1039]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F09679FBE0388ECA864" attach="left" box="[188,196,1025,1039]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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located along frontal suture;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09653FB9F08A61A864" box="[540,585,1010,1039]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096562BE038A61A864" attach="left" box="[577,585,1025,1039]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4</subScript>
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</emphasis>
|
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located anterolaterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096442B9F08BA6A864" box="[865,910,1010,1039]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0964A5BE038BA6A864" attach="left" box="[902,910,1025,1039]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">5</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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located anterolaterally;
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096384B9F08CFCA864" box="[1191,1236,1010,1039]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0963EFBE038CFCA864" attach="left" box="[1228,1236,1025,1039]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</subScript>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
and
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<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096233B9F08D15A864" box="[1296,1341,1010,1039]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096216BE038D15A864" attach="left" box="[1333,1341,1025,1039]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
4 times shorter than others (
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0966ADBE1B8993A85D" box="[398,443,1049,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096690BE2A8993A85D" attach="left" box="[435,443,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0966F3BE1B89D6A85D" box="[464,510,1049,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0966D5BE2A89D6A85D" attach="right" box="[502,510,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096530BE1B8A68A85D" box="[531,576,1049,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F09651BBE2A8A68A85D" attach="left" box="[568,576,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096543BE1B8AE2A859" box="[608,714,1049,1074]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 125</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0965C7BE188B21A85D" box="[740,777,1050,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096422BE2A8B21A85D" attach="left" box="[769,777,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09646DBE1B8B40A85D" box="[846,872,1049,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096443BE2A8B40A85D" attach="left" box="[864,872,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964F7BE1B8BC7A85D" box="[980,1007,1049,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0964C4BE2A8BC7A85D" attach="left" box="[999,1007,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
short, located medially;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096201BE1B8D15A85D" box="[1314,1341,1049,1078]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096216BE2A8D15A85D" attach="left" box="[1333,1341,1064,1078]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096532BE428A04A836" box="[529,556,1088,1117]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096507BE4D8A04A836" attach="left" box="[548,556,1103,1117]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">5</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
located anterolaterally (along epistoma), both 3 to 4 times longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096266BE428D48A836" box="[1349,1376,1088,1117]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
fs
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F09627BBE4D8D48A836" attach="left" box="[1368,1376,1103,1117]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F09624DBE4288ECA8EB" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 125</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967FBBE6A88D7A814" box="[216,255,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Les</emphasis>
|
||
almost as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0966EFBE6589D1A8EF" box="[460,505,1127,1156]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
des
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0966D2BE7489D1A8EF" attach="left" box="[497,505,1142,1156]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096524BE6A8A04A814" box="[519,556,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ves</emphasis>
|
||
very short. Post-epicranial area with group of 4 minute
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0963BDBE6A8CEBA814" box="[1182,1219,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pes</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and 5 very short, conical, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F0964CBBE8F8C62A8CD" box="[1000,1098,1165,1190]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4BEB08D28AA7F" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F09660DBEB089A5A8A0" box="[302,397,1202,1227]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately 2.15 times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09645BBEB08B8EA8A4" box="[888,934,1202,1231]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F0964BDBEC38B8EA8A4" attach="left" box="[926,934,1217,1231]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
slightly shorter than equal in length
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09621DBEB08D45A8A4" box="[1342,1389,1202,1231]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F096246BEC38D45A8A4" attach="left" box="[1381,1389,1217,1231]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967B4BEDA88EEA89E" box="[151,198,1240,1269]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
lms
|
||
<subScript id="B27634C1F3091F09679DBEE588EEA89E" attach="left" box="[190,198,1255,1269]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; anterior margin slightly sinuate. Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096589BEDA8B21A89A" box="[682,777,1240,1265]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
|
||
) 2.7 times as wide as long; with 2 pairs of very short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09627CBEDA8D56A89A" box="[1375,1406,1240,1265]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">cls</emphasis>
|
||
of same length, and 1 sensillum, all posterolaterally; anterior margin slightly rounded inside. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096210BEFD8DBCA973" box="[1331,1428,1279,1304]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09666BBF218941A957" box="[328,361,1315,1340]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">als</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 2 pairs of short and triangular
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964CCBF268C34A950" box="[1007,1052,1316,1339]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ams</emphasis>
|
||
; with 3 long and finger-like
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09624ABF268DBDA950" box="[1385,1429,1316,1339]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">mes</emphasis>
|
||
; labral rods short, kidney-shaped, and slightly converging posteriorly. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096370BF458C90A90B" box="[1107,1208,1351,1376]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09624BBF458DBDA90B" box="[1384,1429,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">mds</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096529BF698A47A9EF" box="[522,623,1387,1412]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096438BF6E8B6FA9E8" box="[795,839,1388,1411]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">stps</emphasis>
|
||
; and with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964F4BF698BD0A9EF" box="[983,1016,1387,1412]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
of equal length; mala with 4 straight
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967B4BF8D88ECA9C3" box="[151,196,1423,1448]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096526BF928A19A9CC" box="[517,561,1424,1447]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, short and almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres 1:1.7; basal palpomera with 1 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0965D8BFB68B1DA9A0" box="[763,821,1460,1483]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of 3–4 conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F0966CABFD58A60A99B" box="[489,584,1495,1520]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
|
||
) almost rounded, with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09647DBFDA8BBEA984" box="[862,918,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula slightly curved inside; ligula with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967C7BFF98929AA7F" box="[228,257,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">lig</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite distinct. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F0965FFBFF98B13AA7F" box="[732,827,1531,1556]" captionStart="FIGURES 125–130" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1852,1875]" captionTargetBox="[194,1373,243,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-133@62.[194,1399,193,1845]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 125–130. Tychius argentatus mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 125—dorsal view (des—dorsal epicranial s., fs—frontal epicranial s., les—lateral epicranial s., ves—ventral epicranial s., pes—posterior epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 126—right maxilla, dorsal view (dms—dorsal malar s., vms—ventral malar s., mpxs—maxillary palps s., pfs—palpiferal s., stps—stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms—premental s., pms—postmental s., ligs—ligular s.); 127—right mandible (mds—mandible dorsal s.); 128—antenna; 129—labrum and clypeus (cls—clypeal s., lms—labral s.); 130—epipharynx (ams—anteromedial s., als—anteriolateral s., mes—median s., lr—labral rods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927790/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 pairs of
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964D7BFFE8C09AA78" box="[1012,1057,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4BC228D72AA37" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3091F096559BC1D8B2AAA5C" box="[634,770,1567,1592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3091F09641DBC1D8BB0AA53" box="[830,920,1567,1592]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), elongate. Abdominal segments I–VI almost equal in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F09666EBC418986AA37" box="[333,430,1603,1628]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 131</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in anteromedian parts of segments (abdominal seg. I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4BC658C93AB3C" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body rather reduced. Setae moderately long or short and light yellow.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0963ABBC658CC0AAEB" bold="true" box="[1160,1256,1639,1664]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F09624DBC6588EAAACF" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 132</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 7
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09660DBC8E897DAAC8" box="[302,341,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">prn</emphasis>
|
||
, all macrosetae in different length; 2 moderately long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964C6BC8E8BD6AAC8" box="[997,1022,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0963C4BC8E8D24AAC8" box="[1255,1292,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- and metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096607BCAD89ACAAA3" box="[292,388,1711,1736]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 132</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0966C1BCB28A2EAAAC" box="[482,518,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096509BCAD8A79AAA3" box="[554,593,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09646EBCB28B4BAAAC" box="[845,867,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ss</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964ABBCB28B85AAAC" box="[904,941,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964F2BCB28BC2AAAC" box="[977,1002,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ps</emphasis>
|
||
and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096315BCB28C73AAAC" box="[1078,1115,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with 6 long
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096548BCD18ABDAA87" box="[619,661,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096587BCD18B08AA87" bold="true" box="[676,800,1747,1772]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F09634FBCD18CE4AA87" box="[1132,1228,1747,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 133</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09620FBCD68D78AA80" box="[1324,1360,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">prs</emphasis>
|
||
; 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096256BCD18DB4AA87" box="[1397,1436,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0966A4BCFA89B5AB64" box="[391,413,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0965B6BCFA8A92AB64" box="[661,698,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0965FCBCFA8AD0AB64" box="[735,760,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09643EBCF58B6AAB7B" box="[797,834,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0964F5BCFA8BD3AB64" box="[982,1019,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096217BCF58DBCAB7B" box="[1332,1428,1783,1808]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 134</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967C7BD198923AB5F" box="[228,267,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096523BD1E8A0DAB58" box="[512,549,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09656BBD1E8A49AB58" box="[584,609,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0965A7BD198A81AB5F" box="[644,681,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and 2 short
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096418BD1E8B48AB58" box="[827,864,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F0963A7BD198CCBAB5F" box="[1156,1251,1819,1844]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 134</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F09621CBD198D70AB5F" box="[1343,1368,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ds</emphasis>
|
||
; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F096258BD1E8DBCAB58" box="[1403,1428,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967F8BD4288D0AB3C" box="[219,248,1856,1879]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sts</emphasis>
|
||
. Anal lobes on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F09658CBD3D8B26AB33" box="[687,782,1855,1880]" captionStart="FIGURES 131–134" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[188,1391,260,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-82@63.[151,1436,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 131–134. Tychius argentatus mature larva habitus: 131—lateral view, 132—lateral view of thoracic segments, 133—lateral view of abdominal segment I., 134—lateral view of abdominal segments VIII–X (prns—pronotal s., prs—prodorsal s., pds—postdorsal s., ss—spiracular s., eps—epipleural s., ps—pleural s., pda—pedal s., lsts—laterosternal s., eus—eusternal s., ds—dorsal s., sts—sternal s.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927792/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 134</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 1 very short, feebly visible seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4BD618B29AB17" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" box="[199,769,1891,1916]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F3091F0967E4BD618992AB17" bold="true" box="[199,442,1891,1916]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body salmon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F3091F0967E4BD8A88F8AB83" blockId="17.[151,1437,684,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F3091F096659BD858A08ABCB" box="[378,544,1927,1952]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–137" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1832,1855]" captionTargetBox="[152,1414,233,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-66@64.[151,1436,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 135–137. Tychius argentatus pupa habitus: 135—ventral view, 136—dorsal view, 137—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927794/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 135–137</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="E90A9B61F3091F0965E5BD858B78ABF4" box="[710,848,1927,1952]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part 0.9–1.0 mm (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="6370033FF3091F096387BD858CD6ABCB" box="[1188,1278,1927,1952]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="26.[151,239,980,1003]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 1. Measure index of selected body parts of larvae and pupae of Tychius species. The following characters of each specimen were measured: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—length of the larval body, BW—width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax), BL(P)—length of the pupa and BW(P)—width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Average, minimum and maximum measurments are presented. All measurements in millimeters. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="7A8D660CF3021F0267B4B9D68CBAA807">Table. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body rather stocky. Rostrum long, approximately 4 times as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae. Pronotum 1.5 times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30A1F0A67E4BA958CABAD0E" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C92A01F30A1F0A6657BA958A34ACDB" box="[372,540,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–137" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1832,1855]" captionTargetBox="[152,1414,233,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-66@64.[151,1436,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 135–137. Tychius argentatus pupa habitus: 135—ventral view, 136—dorsal view, 137—lateral view (vs—vertical s., os—orbital s., pas—postantennal s., rs—rostral s., as—apical s., ls—lateral s., ds—discal s., pls—posterolateral s., fes—femoral s., pc—pseudocerci)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4927794/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs. 135–137</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, moderately long, unequal in length, light brown; on pronotum and head placed on conical protuberances. Head capsule including 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A64BFBABF8B9BACBF" box="[924,947,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">vs</emphasis>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A64F4BABF8BD8ACBF" box="[983,1008,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">os</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6360BABF8C42ACBF" box="[1091,1130,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pas</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostrum with 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A620DBABF8D6CACBF" box="[1326,1348,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">rs</emphasis>
|
||
located medially.
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6626BAE38909AC93" box="[261,289,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Vs</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A667BBAE38959AC93" box="[344,369,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">os</emphasis>
|
||
as long as setae on pronotum, distinctly longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A64E0BAE38BC2AC93" box="[963,1002,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pas</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6302BAE38C1FAC93" box="[1057,1079,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">rs</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A622ABAE38D0AAC93" box="[1289,1314,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">as</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6265BADD8D71AC93" box="[1350,1369,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ls</emphasis>
|
||
, 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A625FBADD8DBDAC93" box="[1404,1429,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ds</emphasis>
|
||
, and 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A67FEBB0688D6AD76" box="[221,254,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pls</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A662DBB06890FAD76" box="[270,295,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ds</emphasis>
|
||
as long as other setae on pronotum. Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with 1 seta. Each apex of femora with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A661ABB258970AD2B" box="[313,344,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">fes</emphasis>
|
||
of equal length. Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII placed medially and laterally; all abdominal setae located on small, conical protuberances. Pseudocerci slender, slightly curved inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30A1F0A67E4BB6D8C83AE0B" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A67E4BB6D89CAADE3" bold="true" box="[199,482,367,392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
On the same plant adult specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A64B6BB738C00ADE3" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1859" box="[917,1064,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A64B6BB738C00ADE3" box="[917,1064,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">T. argentatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A637DBB738CC4ADEC" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1843" box="[1118,1260,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A637DBB738CC4ADEC" box="[1118,1260,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">T. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected, although the latter in very poor number. However only adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A64B8BB978C19ADC7" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1859" box="[923,1073,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A64B8BB978C19ADC7" box="[923,1073,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">T. argentatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reared from pupae and all the collected immatures surely belong to a single species. Moreover these immatures showed morphological differences from larvae and pupae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A656FBBDF8AF4AD9F" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1843" box="[588,732,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A656FBBDF8AF4AD9F" box="[588,732,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">T. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected elsewhere although the two species at these stages seem closely related. The plants were largely in flower and only 10 % of the pods collected were infested. The pupae were found in the cells 8 days after the entrance of larvae into the soil. The duration of the pupal stadium was 7 days. No adult left his cell during the following 30 days and they were removed artificially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66E8650FF30A1F0A67E4B86E8CAFAEA6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4D3684F30A1F0A67E4B86E8CAFAEA6" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A67E4B86E8913AEEE" bold="true" box="[199,315,620,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A6661B86E8A3EAEEF" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1859" box="[322,534,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tychius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6661B86E8A3EAEEF" box="[322,534,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tychius argentatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a common species with a circummediterranean distribution. It was quoted on several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A6640B8938989AEC3" box="[355,417,657,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6640B8938989AEC3" box="[355,417,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
other than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A6503B8938AD5AEC3" box="[544,765,655,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ornithopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6503B8938AD5AEC3" box="[544,765,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L. ornithopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A646AB8938B82AEC3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[841,938,655,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A646AB8938B82AEC3" box="[841,938,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L. edulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A64F4B8938C64AECC" box="[983,1100,656,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="creticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A64F4B8938C64AECC" box="[983,1100,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L. creticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9F24D07F30A1F0A6381B8938D2AAECC" box="[1186,1282,656,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C86EA96F30A1F0A6381B8938D2AAECC" box="[1186,1282,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L. tenuis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
W. et K., and is collected frequently also far from the sea both in plain and in mountains at low altitude.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |