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<mods:title id="B6A3827BAB26DD29C1223785F38594EA">A revision of Antarctic and some Indo-Pacific apodid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="F6E880E2FF81FFDBFCDE5C2BFB1C5F23" box="[809,1229,1881,1903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE4DD369FF81FFDBFCDE5C2BFB1C5F23" blockId="12.[809,1229,1881,1903]" box="[809,1229,1881,1903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="E5056405FF81FFDBFCDE5C2BFB1C5F23" box="[809,1229,1881,1903]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF81FFDBFC6F5C2BFB1C5F23" authority="Smirnov, 1998" authorityName="Smirnov" authorityYear="1998" box="[920,1229,1881,1903]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Myriotrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Taeniogyrinae">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF81FFDBFC6F5C2BFBE55F22" bold="true" box="[920,1076,1881,1903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73">Taeniogyrinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF81FFDBFBCD5C2BFB1C5F23" author="Smirnov, A. V." box="[1082,1229,1881,1903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="73" pagination="517 - 522" refId="ref25961" refString="Smirnov, A. V. 1998. On the classification of the apodid holothurians. Pp. 517 - 522 in: Mooi, R. and Telford, M. (eds). Echinoderms: San Francisco. Proceedings of the Ninth International Echinoderm Conference. Balkema: Rotterdam." type="book chapter" year="1998">Smirnov, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="EA8D83E1FF80FFDAFF645C33FD8C5F23" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12212226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12212226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12212226/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" startId="13.[147,206,1857,1876]" targetBox="[147,1447,227,1697]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="BE4DD369FF80FFDAFF645C33FD8C5F23" blockId="13.[147,1447,1857,1902]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">
Figure 7.
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF80FFDAFF1E5C33FE795F19" authorityName="OLoughlin &amp; VandenSpiegel" authorityYear="2010" box="[233,424,1857,1876]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Myriotrochidae" genus="Prototrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="linseae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF80FFDAFF1E5C33FE795F19" box="[233,424,1857,1876]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="74">Prototrochus linseae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97B5B200FF80FFDAFE5A5C33FE205F19" box="[429,497,1857,1876]" pageId="13" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(S Shetland Is; RBINS IG 31 459). a, SEM of plates of the calcareous ring with prominent single anterior projections; b, SEM of wheels from the body wall.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F6E880E2FF83FFD9FF7B5B94FE0F5B5D" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE4DD369FF83FFD9FF7B5B94FE46593C" blockId="14.[140,772,229,370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF7B5B94FE4058B7" box="[140,401,229,251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
Diagnosis (
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FF0A5B94FE5B58B7" author="Smirnov, A. V." box="[253,394,229,251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="517 - 522" refId="ref25961" refString="Smirnov, A. V. 1998. On the classification of the apodid holothurians. Pp. 517 - 522 in: Mooi, R. and Telford, M. (eds). Echinoderms: San Francisco. Proceedings of the Ninth International Echinoderm Conference. Balkema: Rotterdam." type="book chapter" year="1998">Smirnov 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FE6B5B97FDC858B6" authorityName="Ostergren" authorityYear="1898" box="[412,537,229,251]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Chiridotidae</taxonomicName>
with 10 or 12 tentacles. Body wall ossicles wheels of chiridotid
<typeStatus id="61496DCBFF83FFD9FDE05A71FD935955" box="[535,578,259,280]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
and sigmoid hooks or sigmoid hooks only. Radial plates of calcareous ring not perforated but sometimes slightly notched in anterior (upper) face for passage of nerves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4DD369FF83FFD9FF7B5AFAFDFA59BA" blockId="14.[140,770,392,503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF7B5AFAFEE059D3" box="[140,305,392,414]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Included genera</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FEC95AFAFDB359D0" authority="O'Loughlin, 2007" authorityName="O'Loughlin" authorityYear="2007" box="[318,610,392,414]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Archedota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FEC95AFAFE7759D0" box="[318,422,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Archedota</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FE5B5AFAFDB359D0" author="O'Loughlin, P. M. &amp; VandenSpiegel, D." box="[428,610,392,414]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="53 - 70" refId="ref25127" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M., and VandenSpiegel, D. 2007. New apodid species from southern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 64: 53 - 70." type="journal article" year="2007">OLoughlin, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FD7B5AFAFE7959F6" author="O'Loughlin, P. M. &amp; VandenSpiegel, D." pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="53 - 70" refId="ref25127" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M., and VandenSpiegel, D. 2007. New apodid species from southern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 64: 53 - 70." type="journal article" year="2007">OLoughlin and VandenSpiegel 2007</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FE3E5AD4FD2F59F6" authority="Becher, 1909" authorityName="Becher" authorityYear="1909" box="[457,766,422,444]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Kolostoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FE3E5AD4FD8059F6" box="[457,593,422,443]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Kolostoneura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FD905AD4FD2F59F6" author="Becher, S." box="[615,766,422,444]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="33 - 42" refId="ref22470" refString="Becher, S. 1909. Die systematische stellung des Rhabdomolgus novae-zealandiae. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale. 5 (1). Notes et Revue 2 (6): 33 - 42, fig. 1." type="journal article" year="1909">Becher, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FF7B5AB1FF215995" authorityName="OLoughlin &amp; VandenSpiegel" authorityYear="2010" box="[140,240,451,472]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Rowedota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF7B5AB1FF215995" box="[140,240,451,472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Rowedota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97B5B200FF83FFD9FF025AB6FE825994" box="[245,339,452,473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FEAC5AB1FD5F5994" authority="H. L. Clark, 1946" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1946" box="[347,654,451,473]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FEAC5AB1FE085995" box="[347,473,451,472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Scoliorhapis</emphasis>
H. L.
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FDE15AB1FD5F5994" author="Clark, H. L." box="[534,654,451,473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" refId="ref23290" refString="Clark, H. L. 1946. The echinoderm fauna of Australia. Its composition and its origin. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 566: 567 pp." type="book" year="1946">Clark, 1946</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FD605AB1FEDF59BA" authority="Studer, 1876" authorityName="Studer" authorityYear="1876" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Sigmodota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FD605AB1FCD35995" box="[663,770,451,472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Sigmodota</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FF7B5A93FEDF59BA" author="Studer, T." box="[140,270,481,503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" refId="ref26190" refString="Studer, T. 1876. Uber Echinodermen aus dem antarkischen Meere und zwei neue Seeigel von den Papua-Inseln, gesammelt auf der Reise SMS Gazelle um die Erde. Monatsberichte d. k. Preussiche Akademie der Wissenschaften. Pp. 452 - 465. Berlin." type="book" year="1876">Studer, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FEEF5A90FDF659BA" authority="Semper, 1867" authorityName="Semper. Other Antarctic" authorityYear="1867" box="[280,551,481,503]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FEEF5A90FE4259BA" box="[280,403,482,503]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Taeniogyrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FE6D5A93FDF659BA" author="Semper, C." box="[410,551,481,503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 288" refId="ref25832" refString="Semper, C. 1867. Holothurien. Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen 1: 1 - 288, pls 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1867">Semper, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE4DD369FF83FFD9FF7B597CFE0F5B5D" blockId="14.[140,771,526,784]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF7B597CFF355A6E" box="[140,228,526,547]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FF0D597CFE265A6E" authority="Clark, 1908" authorityName="Clark" authorityYear="1908" box="[250,503,526,548]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Myriotrochidae" genus="Achiridota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF0D597CFEB45A6E" box="[250,357,526,547]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Achiridota</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FE81597CFE265A6E" author="Clark, H. L." box="[374,503,526,548]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 231" refId="ref23199" refString="Clark, H. L. 1908. The apodous holothurians. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 35: 1 - 231, pls 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1908">Clark, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was initially placed in
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FF7B5959FEDD5A0C" authorityName="Ostergren" authorityYear="1898" box="[140,268,555,577]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Chiridotidae</taxonomicName>
, but was assigned to
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FE105959FD525A0C" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1877" box="[487,643,555,577]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Myriotrochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Myriotrochidae</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FD5B5959FF1F5A13" author="Smirnov, A. V." pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="517 - 522" refId="ref25961" refString="Smirnov, A. V. 1998. On the classification of the apodid holothurians. Pp. 517 - 522 in: Mooi, R. and Telford, M. (eds). Echinoderms: San Francisco. Proceedings of the Ninth International Echinoderm Conference. Balkema: Rotterdam." type="book chapter" year="1998">Smirnov (1998)</bibRefCitation>
on the basis of having: large anterior teeth on the plates of the calcareous ring; single polian vesicle; madreporite close to calcareous canal.
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FEA659F6FDD35AD7" authority="Studer" authorityName="Studer" authorityYear="1876" box="[337,514,644,666]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Sigmodota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FEA659F6FE6D5AD4" box="[337,444,644,665]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Sigmodota</emphasis>
Studer
</taxonomicName>
is raised out of synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FF4959D0FE5A5AFA" authority="Semper" authorityName="Semper. Other Antarctic" authorityYear="1867" box="[190,395,674,695]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF4959D0FEE85AFA" box="[190,313,674,695]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Taeniogyrus</emphasis>
Semper
</taxonomicName>
(below).
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FE1E59D0FD3D5AFA" authority="Ludwig, 1891" authorityName="Ludwig. Heding" authorityYear="1928" box="[489,748,674,696]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Trochodota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FE1E59D0FD8D5AFA" box="[489,604,674,695]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Trochodota</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FD9659D0FD3D5AFA" author="Ludwig, H." box="[609,748,674,696]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" refId="ref24473" refString="Ludwig, H. 1891. Echinodermen. I. Buch. Die Seewalzen, in: Dr H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs 2 (3). 460 pp., 17 pls. C. F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung, Leipzig." type="book" year="1891">Ludwig, 1891</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is made a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FE3F59B2FD4E5A99" authority="Semper" authorityName="Semper. Other Antarctic" authorityYear="1867" box="[456,671,703,725]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FE3F59B2FD925A98" box="[456,579,704,725]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Taeniogyrus</emphasis>
Semper
</taxonomicName>
(below).
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FF7B59AFFE765ABE" authority="Oguro, 1961" authorityName="Oguro" authorityYear="1961" box="[140,423,733,755]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliodotella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF7B59AFFEC15ABF" box="[140,272,733,754]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Scoliodotella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DA63AE98FF83FFD9FED759AFFE765ABE" author="Oguro, C." box="[288,423,733,755]" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref24789" refString="Oguro, C. 1961. The fauna of Akkeshi Bay No. 26. Holothuroidea. Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station 11: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1961">Oguro, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is made a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="79F2A8EAFF83FFD9FF7B5988FE525B5D" authority="H. L. Clark" authorityName="H. L. Clark" box="[140,387,762,784]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Scoliorhapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="14" pageNumber="75" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C860F7BFF83FFD9FF7B5988FEDB5B42" box="[140,266,762,783]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="75">Scoliorhapis</emphasis>
H. L. Clark
</taxonomicName>
(below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>