272 lines
29 KiB
XML
272 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="0859806BBDE8C1EBF79305F51F15786D" ID-CLB-Dataset="39188" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4105.6.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f3191f8-cd86-4a17-ad5b-0c454e0acb8d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="271319" ID-ZooBank="DCB6A5BB-46C9-4D05-8B4A-C6E4CBABB6F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461796872515" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Taylor, Robert W. & Alpert, Gary D." docDate="2016" docId="03C087E74566FFA8FF3CFDC8FDC84951" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4105.6.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4105 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Metapone jacobsoni Crawley 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="520" masterDocId="FFF9FF9F4577FFBBFFABFFA4FF9D4811" masterDocTitle="The myrmicine ant genus Metapone Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a global taxonomic review with descriptions of twelve new species" masterLastPageNumber="545" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="518" updateTime="1698662027110" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E3F6EA696C5D04D2E6C1CFEED6549D9C">The myrmicine ant genus Metapone Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a global taxonomic review with descriptions of twelve new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="02B74FF838234B21CD0EEB842F527127">Taylor, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="185CED525A37296AACBB07EB7E12DEAD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7B8EE914859D19B2B823BAE1BC8C139F">Alpert, Gary D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="056FE780E337D6076AB0918330AC34CD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="263A7A4588399BB40006E104E1A00007">
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<mods:date id="8B734D6385F746E10EFB2699444D4D27">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="82951316019FF68ED1166E76C17A016A">4105</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="21CA49ADF4AC87C7E2BDF9A2E59EFB53">6</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B68CC28127BD7038259C34DA0A604CDA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4105.6.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C087E74566FFA8FF3CFDC8FDC84951" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5641448" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119651726" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5641448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087E74566FFA8FF3CFDC8FDC84951" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087E74566FFA8FF3CFDC8FDC84951" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<subSubSection id="C373657A4566FFAAFF3CFDC8FDFD4A97" box="[151,608,620,646]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF3CFDC8FDFD4A97" blockId="17.[151,608,620,679]" box="[151,608,620,646]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<heading id="D09E819D4566FFAAFF3CFDC8FDFD4A97" bold="true" box="[151,608,620,646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF3CFDC8FDFD4A97" bold="true" box="[151,608,620,646]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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9.
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFF1FFDC8FDFD4A97" ID-CoL="42CPJ" authority="Crawley, 1924" authorityName="Crawley" authorityYear="1924" box="[180,608,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF1FFDC8FE3A4A97" bold="true" box="[180,423,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone jacobsoni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B004566FFAAFE05FDC8FDFD4A97" author="Crawley" box="[430,608,620,646]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refString="Crawley, W. C. (1924) Ants from Sumatra, with biological notes by Edward Jacobson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (13), 380 - 409. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633052" type="journal article" year="1924">Crawley, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C373657A4566FFAAFF3CFD2AFEBA4AB6" box="[151,295,654,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF3CFD2AFEBA4AB6" blockId="17.[151,608,620,679]" box="[151,295,654,679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13522A744566FFAAFF34FD2AFE824AB6" box="[159,287,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 46" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,265,1931]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 46. Metapone jacobsoni, holotype gyne, see text for dimensions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271329/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Figs 42–46</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C373657A4566FFAAFF3CFD7CFDE34B59" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF3CFD7CFE0F4B1A" blockId="17.[151,1436,726,840]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7911DF4566FFAAFF3CFD7CFE0F4B1A" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFF3CFD7CFDDA4AFD" ID-CoL="42CPJ" authority="Crawley, 1924: 389" authorityName="Crawley" authorityPageNumber="389" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,583,726,749]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF3CFD7CFEF64AFD" box="[151,363,726,749]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone jacobsoni</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC810E04566FFAAFEDEFD72FDDA4AFD" author="Crawley" box="[373,583,726,748]" page="389" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" year="1924">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B004566FFAAFEDEFD72FD8C4AFD" author="Crawley" box="[373,529,726,748]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refString="Crawley, W. C. (1924) Ants from Sumatra, with biological notes by Edward Jacobson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (13), 380 - 409. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633052" type="journal article" year="1924">Crawley, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 389
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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—Gyne;
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFD01FD73FD414AFD" box="[682,732,727,748]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: Fort de Kok (now Bukittingii—
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<geoCoordinate id="EE5D50364566FFAAFB0DFD72FA954AFD" box="[1190,1288,726,748]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" precision="15" value="-0.30555558">0°18′20″S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5D50364566FFAAFABCFD72FA0C4AFD" box="[1303,1425,726,748]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" precision="15" value="100.36917">100°22′9″E</geoCoordinate>
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), Sumatra,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E76614566FFAAFE83FD51FE134B1A" box="[296,398,757,779]" name="Indonesia" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF3CFCB1FDE34B59" blockId="17.[151,1436,726,840]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7911DF4566FFAAFF3CFCB1FDE34B59" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF3CFCB1FE024B3B" box="[151,415,788,810]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFF1AFCB1FE024B3B" ID-CoL="42CPQ" authority="Tiwari and Jonathan, 1986:150" authorityName="Tiwari and Jonathan" authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1986" box="[177,415,788,810]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarensis">Metapone nicobarensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC810E04566FFAAFE03FCB0FD714B3B" author="Tiwari" box="[424,748,788,810]" page="150" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" year="1986">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B004566FFAAFE03FCB0FD5D4B3B" author="Tiwari" box="[424,704,788,810]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refString="Tiwari, R. N. & Jonathan, J. K. (1986) A new species of Metapone Forel from Nicobar Islands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Record of the Zoological Survey of India, 83, 149 - 153." type="journal article" year="1986">Tiwari and Jonathan, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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:150
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13522A744566FFAAFD52FCB0FCBA4B3B" box="[761,807,788,810]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="7.[151,264,2009,2032]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1102,1988]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,1102,1988]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Metapone madagascarica, holotype worker, see text for dimensions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271320/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Fig.1</figureCitation>
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—Worker, Gyne;
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFC43FCB1FB874B3B" box="[1000,1050,789,810]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality: Rajendra Nagar,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F37E76614566FFAAFA84FCB0FA1C4B3B" box="[1327,1409,788,810]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Nicobar</collectingCountry>
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||
Is [07°N, 93°E],
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<collectingCountry id="F37E76614566FFAAFEF1FC96FE134B59" box="[346,398,818,840]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">India</collectingCountry>
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(NEW SYNONYMY).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C373657A4566FFAAFF3CFCD1FDF24C53" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF3CFCD1FDF24C53" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF3CFCD1FDBE4B9F" bold="true" box="[151,547,885,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Distribution, material examined.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFD86FCD2FD5F4B9F" box="[557,706,885,910]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFD86FCD2FD5F4B9F" box="[557,706,885,910]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. jacobsoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is represented here by its
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFC53FCD1FBC74B9F" box="[1016,1114,885,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and a single
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFB52FCD2FAC14B9F" box="[1273,1372,886,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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, both alate gynes (BMNH). Labels:
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFE4DFC3DFDCE4BA3" box="[486,595,921,946]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: (1) red, printed “
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFCBEFC3EFCC94BA3" box="[789,852,922,946]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Type</typeStatus>
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”; (2) white handwritten “No 153”; (3) white, printed “Fort de Kok (Sumatra),
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<quantity id="4C919B144566FFAAFE18FC1AFE6B4BC7" box="[435,502,958,982]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" unit="m" value="920.0">920m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFD710314566FFAAFDA9FC19FD024BC7" box="[514,671,957,982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" value="1922-10">October 1922</date>
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, leg. E. Jacobson”; (4) white handwritten “
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFB2CFC1AFA054BC7" authority="Cr." authorityName="Cr." box="[1159,1432,957,982]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFB2CFC1AFAF14BC7" box="[1159,1388,957,982]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone jacobsoni</emphasis>
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Cr.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFF3CFC46FF494BEB" box="[151,212,994,1018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
”.
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||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFF40FC46FECC4BEB" box="[235,337,994,1018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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: (1) white handwritten “12/13”; (2) blue printed “Cotype”; (3) white handwritten “E. Jacobson, Fort de Kok, (Gad Boven I), Sumatra,
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<date id="FFD710314566FFAAFDCBFBA1FD204C0F" box="[608,701,1029,1054]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" value="1914-04">iv 1914</date>
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; (4) white handwritten “
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFC77FBA2FA134C0F" authority="Crawley Cotype" authorityName="Crawley Cotype" box="[988,1422,1029,1054]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFC77FBA2FB5E4C0F" box="[988,1219,1029,1054]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone jacobsoni</emphasis>
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Crawley Cotype
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</taxonomicName>
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”. Comparison confirms their conspecificity.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C373657A4566FFA8FF6CFBE9FDC84951" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="520" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF6CFBE9FA1A4CE7" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF6CFBE9FE3A4C77" bold="true" box="[199,423,1101,1126]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Worker diagnosis.</emphasis>
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General features as in original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B004566FFAAFC10FBE9FBF74C77" author="Crawley" box="[955,1130,1101,1126]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" refString="Crawley, W. C. (1924) Ants from Sumatra, with biological notes by Edward Jacobson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 (13), 380 - 409. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633052" type="journal article" year="1924">Crawley, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the key above to Asian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFF3CFBD6FE9A4C98" box="[151,263,1138,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF3CFBD6FE9A4C98" box="[151,263,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and the relevant Figures. Posterior face of subpetiolar process in oblique view relatively large, triangular; subpetiolar angle in side view approximately a right angle, not spinose; subpetiolar lamella opaque, approximately equilaterally triangular (note that the petiole could not be viewed unobstructed in true profile for illustration; its somewhat obscure outline is highlighted in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A744566FFAAFC82FB79FCE84CE7" box="[809,885,1245,1270]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 46" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,265,1931]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 46. Metapone jacobsoni, holotype gyne, see text for dimensions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271329/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Fig 45</figureCitation>
|
||
). Other features are adequately illustrated here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF6CFAA6FD604D73" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF6CFAA6FED64D08" box="[199,331,1282,1305]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Dimensions</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFEF0FAA5FE5C4D0B" box="[347,449,1281,1306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFE66FAA6FDA94D0B" box="[461,564,1282,1306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
): TL: 8.5, 8.75; HL: 1.48, 1.44; HW (across eyes): 1.00, 1.04; Maximum eye length: 0.42, 0.38; CI: 68, 72; MSL: 2.26, 2.30; PMW: 0.92, 0.94; PDW: 0.70, 0.72; PetL: 0.56, 0.60; PetW: 0.44, 0.46; PetH: 0.72, -; PpetL: 0.44, -; PpetW: 0.58, 0.58.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF6CFAC9FCE94DDF" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF6CFAC9FC9F4D97" bold="true" box="[199,770,1388,1414]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
The junior synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFE46FACAFC9F4D97" authority="The M." authorityName="The M." box="[493,770,1388,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFE46FACAFD644D94" bold="true" box="[493,761,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone nicobarensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The M.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFCC8FAC9FC6C4D97" box="[867,1009,1389,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFCC8FAC9FC6C4D97" box="[867,1009,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">nicobarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFC53FACAFBAE4D97" box="[1016,1075,1390,1414]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">types</typeStatus>
|
||
were said at description to have been deposited in the entomological collection of the Zoological Survey of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E76614566FFAAFC45FA35FBB74DBB" box="[1006,1066,1425,1450]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Calcutta. Curator Dr S. Sheena, searching on our behalf, has however been unable to locate them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF6CFA7DFBBF4EDB" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
Dimensions of the worker
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFE59FA7DFDC94DE3" box="[498,596,1497,1522]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
cited (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFD09FA7EFC974DE3" box="[674,778,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">inter alia</emphasis>
|
||
) in the original description are: TL (as Body Length): 6.1; HL: 1.4; HW: 1.05; CI: 75; PMW (as Pronotum Width): 0.59; PetL (as Petiolar Node Length): 0.5; PetW (as Dorsal Petiolar Width): 0.56; PetH (as Petiole Height): 0.84; PpetL (as Postpetiolar Node length): 0.42; PpetW (as Dorsal Postpetiolar Width): 0.59; PpetH (as Postpetiole Height): 0.63. Those for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFB8EF9E2FB184E4F" box="[1061,1157,1606,1630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
gyne are: TL (as Body Length): 8.6; HL: 1.26; HW: 0.91; CI: 72; PMW (as Pronotum Width): 0.7; PetL (as Petiolar Node Length): 0.56; PetW (as Dorsal Petiolar Width): 0.49; PetH (as Petiole Height): 0.56; PpetL (as Postpetiolar Node length): 0.49; PpetW (as Dorsal Postpetiolar Width): 0.59; PpetH (as Postpetiole Height): 0.56.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFAAFF6CF972FA984F6C" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFF6CF972FE1D4EFF" box="[199,384,1749,1774]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF6CF972FE1D4EFF" box="[199,384,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. nicobarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described and illustrated as having a “weak anterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFB16F971FA934EFF" box="[1213,1294,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">clypeal</emphasis>
|
||
) lobe” (our italics), and thus to lack a rostrate median anterior clypeal projection of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFBA6F95EFBA04F03" box="[1037,1085,1786,1810]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
|
||
seen in workers and gynes of several other known Asian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFE60F8BAFDA64F24" box="[459,571,1822,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFE60F8BAFDA64F24" box="[459,571,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Metapone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. This character immediately distinguishes it from the Sri Lankan,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFAD6F8BAFF404F48" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFAD6F8BAFF404F48" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. greeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(compare Tiwari and Jonathan’s figs 1a and 1c with
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A744566FFAAFCF9F8E5FC494F4B" box="[850,980,1857,1882]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1943,1966]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,426,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,425,1923]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 20. Metapone greeni, syntype worker, HW 1.01, PMW 0.82, MSL 1.56; FIGURES 21 – 23 gyne (M. johni syntype), HW 1.74, PMW 1.02, MSL 2.90." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271324/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Figs 16–20</figureCitation>
|
||
here). Other Asian taxa lacking strong clypeal projections include the very differently sculptured
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E76614566FFAAFC8DF8C1FC394F6F" box="[806,932,1893,1918]" name="Philippines" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
taxa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFC4BF8C2FBC64F6F" box="[992,1115,1893,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFC4BF8C2FBC64F6F" box="[992,1115,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFB39F8C2FB634F6F" box="[1170,1278,1893,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFB39F8C2FB634F6F" box="[1170,1278,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14566FFA9FF6CF82DFEA948C5" blockId="17.[151,1436,885,2026]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">
|
||
Consideration of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFE18F82DFDBD4FB3" box="[435,544,1929,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFE18F82DFDBD4FB3" box="[435,544,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">jacobsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFDFCF82DFD784FB3" box="[599,741,1929,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFDFCF82DFD784FB3" box="[599,741,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">nicobarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
descriptions and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFC7FF82DFBDC4FB3" box="[980,1089,1929,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFC7FF82DFBDC4FB3" box="[980,1089,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">jacobsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534566FFAAFBE2F82EFBE44FB3" box="[1097,1145,1930,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens suggests these taxa to be essentially identical. We are unable on available evidence to differentiate them, and therefore consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFF3CF876FECD4FFB" box="[151,336,2001,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicobarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFF3CF876FECD4FFB" box="[151,336,2001,2026]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. nicobarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
probably to be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724566FFAAFCB0F876FC294FFB" box="[795,948,2001,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="518" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34566FFAAFCB0F876FC294FFB" box="[795,948,2001,2026]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="518">M. jacobsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The discrepancy in promesonotal width measurements between their gyne
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D288534565FFA9FD8CFF3CFDFF48A1" box="[551,610,152,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">types</typeStatus>
|
||
cited above are probably due to differences in the parameters used for measurement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1666794565FFA9FF3CF804FC5F4FA7" box="[151,962,1952,1975]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271329/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1929]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14565FFA9FF3CF804FC5F4FA7" blockId="18.[151,962,1952,1975]" box="[151,962,1952,1975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34565FFA9FF3CF804FEC94FA4" bold="true" box="[151,340,1952,1975]" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">FIGURES 42–46.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724565FFA9FEF1F806FDBA4FA7" box="[346,551,1952,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="519" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34565FFA9FEF1F806FDBA4FA7" box="[346,551,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="519">Metapone jacobsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype gyne, see text for dimensions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636F14564FFA8FF6CFF33FDC84951" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">
|
||
If this assessment is correct,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D724564FFA8FDBFFF3DFD3548A1" box="[532,680,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Metapone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacobsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAE34564FFA8FDBFFF3DFD3548A1" box="[532,680,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">M. jacobsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems more likely to be introduced than native on Great
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E76614564FFA8FAE9FF33FA0148A1" box="[1346,1436,151,176]" name="India" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Nicobar</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E76614564FFA8FF3CFF18FF4348C4" box="[151,222,188,213]" name="Iceland" pageId="19" pageNumber="520">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Sumatra is the most likely ancestral source for the island population. The two lands are separated by less than
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B144564FFA8FEADFF7BFEC948E9" box="[262,340,223,248]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="520" unit="km" value="200.0">200km</quantity>
|
||
of open ocean, across which there must have been much past human passage in small boats, perhaps often carrying unmilled (fire)wood, possibly facilitating introduction. The new synonymy is thus considered biogeographically plausible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |