187 lines
37 KiB
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187 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="D937ED94604C36D9A4C054654741FDCF" ID-CLB-Dataset="111190" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.556.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ac636d2a-3e29-49a7-a37c-a44fb4e0e878" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6951967" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1659436889185" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stone, Jeffery R., Wilson, Mallory C. & Jovanovska, Elena" docDate="2022" docId="03AC87E9455AFFA6FF28FF5BFB580E89" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.556.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 556 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.556.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Afrocymbella symmetrica Stone & Wilson & Jovanovska 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FF95FF91455EFFA2FFA0FFC5FFAE0A04" masterDocTitle="The genus Afrocymbella (Bacillariophyceae) from lakes Malawi and Tanganyika, with description of new fossil and extant species" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1699362577316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="EFFD99F23B1C18804C3949D14FA8D504">The genus Afrocymbella (Bacillariophyceae) from lakes Malawi and Tanganyika, with description of new fossil and extant species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8CA2591EF6A83D7CA6D6A882B18AF9E3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="23E7332B74CACD34FA26B1FC41312084">Stone, Jeffery R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9128EB4706DDF342D3E619D8F53A5716" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1313-0643</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="29F5D34F607CDC1C48516304DFD1231F">Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Terre Haute, Indiana, U. S. A. & jeffery. stone @ indstate. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1313 - 0643</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D6D41D1FA1D9CD858342C5235A15F651" type="email">jeffery.stone@indstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3C7185348B5B9B58BAC898B8EF873AE1">Wilson, Mallory C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6E6DC6C3B2FDC2E590F4D50F675B633B" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2852-125X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="760B33D34FF3B3F8E7182BD95D01373A">Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Terre Haute, Indiana, U. S. A. & mwilson 108 @ sycamores. indstate. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2852 - 125 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="86974E2E306EB6DACB145FB34F579399" type="email">mwilson108@sycamores.indstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D5D66675507648FC619A51F9ABE1FD72">Jovanovska, Elena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1186EA3038D250C4DAC5D771D127A0D5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3413-3683</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4D3D106FCCEE3DF59AB3F4706D45F292">Senckenberg Research Institute, Department of Paleoanthropology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany & jovanovska. eci @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3413 - 3683</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="79EF994ACB941CF9899D300387E7CCB4" type="email">jovanovska.eci@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A0E80BD513308675C967112B9CC6142F">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FCC563A072110B574D6A43BF7CBB7EFB">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E25EB49BE3C8DDDFD3529F1D10FFA80D">2022-08-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0729004360BCF51E842CF21370304416">556</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="23E9AF7CEDAF972B22CC1EC82401655C">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.556.1.3</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="7656BF704D370F75C9CB055F3BE44630">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="76CE662A56DFCEB9F32723A7B975E7B9" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AC87E9455AFFA6FF28FF5BFB580E89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952080" ID-GBIF-Taxon="198475011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6952080" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87E9455AFFA6FF28FF5BFB580E89" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87E9455AFFA6FF28FF5BFB580E89" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="C31F6574455AFFA6FF28FF5BFC3E0ABC" box="[136,912,158,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36FF455AFFA6FF28FF5BFC3E0ABC" blockId="4.[136,912,158,185]" box="[136,912,158,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D0F28193455AFFA6FF28FF5BFC3E0ABC" box="[136,912,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FF28FF5BFDA50ABC" box="[136,523,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C455AFFA6FF28FF5BFE010ABC" authority="Stone & Wilson & Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone & Wilson & Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,431,158,185]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="symmetrica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FF28FF5BFE010ABC" bold="true" box="[136,431,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Afrocymbella symmetrica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2425796455AFFA6FE16FF5AFDA50ABC" box="[438,523,159,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(LM
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FDEBFF5BFD100ABC" box="[587,702,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–23" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–23. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., LM valve views. 2–19, 23.Valves from the type material, core NPO4-KH1-1K, Drive 4, 43–44 cm sample (~50 ka). Fig 9. Holotype specimen. 20–22. Valves from modern sample. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951979/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 2–23</figureCitation>
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, SEM
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FCA9FF5BFC290ABC" box="[777,903,158,184]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 24–27" captionStart-1="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId-0="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionStartId-1="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox-0="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." captionText-1="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 24–31</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F6574455AFFA6FF28FF1BFA090928" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36FF455AFFA6FF28FF1BFA090928" blockId="4.[136,1452,222,1165]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FF28FF1BFE960AFC" bold="true" box="[136,312,222,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Description:—</emphasis>
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Valve length 34–49 μm, valve breadth 7.5–9.5 μm. Length to breadth ratio: 5.8. Valves distinctly dorsiventral, slightly heteropolar, semirhomboid-lanceolate (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FCE5FEC7FC100B18" box="[837,958,258,284]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2–23" captionStart-1="FIGURES 24–27" captionStart-2="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId-0="5.[136,243,1913,1935]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionStartId-2="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 2–23. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., LM valve views. 2–19, 23.Valves from the type material, core NPO4-KH1-1K, Drive 4, 43–44 cm sample (~50 ka). Fig 9. Holotype specimen. 20–22. Valves from modern sample. Scale bar = 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." captionText-2="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951979" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6951979/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 2–31</figureCitation>
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). Dorsal margin distinctly arched; ventral margin with wide gibbous center portion, typically 1/3 length of valve, otherwise weakly convex (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FB76FEE0FAF70B3B" box="[1238,1369,293,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 24, 26</figureCitation>
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). Valve apices acutely rounded and slightly protracted, with headpole and footpole nearly symmetrical, often only differentiated by APF and slightly greater breadth in footpole (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FD18FEAEFCEE0B81" box="[696,832,363,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 25, 26</figureCitation>
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). Internally, each column of the APF poroids partially surrounded by knobby jointed ridge of silica (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FD04FE4AFD520BAD" box="[676,764,399,425]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
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). From inside, valve apices with small to indistinguishable pseudosepta (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FEBFFE77FE300BC8" box="[287,414,434,460]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 29, 31</figureCitation>
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). Axial area narrow, curved, ventrally displaced (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FC1EFE77FBBF0BC8" box="[958,1041,434,460]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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). Central area small, asymmetric and diamond-shaped, notably wider on dorsal side (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FD01FE10FCB60BEB" box="[673,792,469,495]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 2–23" captionStart-1="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId-0="5.[136,243,1913,1935]" captionStartId-1="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetBox-1="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 2–23. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., LM valve views. 2–19, 23.Valves from the type material, core NPO4-KH1-1K, Drive 4, 43–44 cm sample (~50 ka). Fig 9. Holotype specimen. 20–22. Valves from modern sample. Scale bar = 10 μm." captionText-1="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951979" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6951979/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 2–24</figureCitation>
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). Distinct single stigmoid present on dorsal side of central nodule; externally slightly elongated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FDE0FE3DFD390816" box="[576,663,504,530]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
), internally forming antler-like intermissio (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FB36FE3DFB400816" box="[1174,1262,504,530]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Raphe slightly sinusoidal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FEA8FDDEFE270832" box="[264,393,539,566]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 24, 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). External proximal raphe ends slightly expanded into small pores, deflected towards the dorsal (primary) margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FEF9FDFAFE03085D" box="[345,429,575,601]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). External distal raphe terminal fissures ventrally deflected (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FBF1FDFAFB7B085D" box="[1105,1237,575,602]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="6.[136,243,1956,1978]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[202,1386,190,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM external valve views. 24, 26. View of the whole valve showing raphe structure, striae on valve mantle, APF on footpole, and dorsally positioned stigmoid. 25. Detail of valve apex showing the striae structure and APF. 27. Detail of mid-valve showing dorsally deflected proximal raphe ends, small diamond-shaped central area, and slightly elongated stigmoid. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 24, 26), 2 μm (Fig. 27), 1 μm (Fig. 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951983" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951983/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 25, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internal proximal raphe ends covered by nodular or flap-like development from primary side of valve (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FB98FDA7FB170878" box="[1080,1209,610,636]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 28, 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internal distal raphe terminal fissures bisect the APF and terminate into small lobed helictoglossa at some distance from valve apices (white arrow in
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FF4DFD6DFEEF08C6" box="[237,321,680,706]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Striae almost parallel in the middle, strongly radiate towards the apices, and continue uninterrupted onto valve mantle. Stria density in middle portion
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A455AFFA6FD1FFD0EFC8C08E1" box="[703,802,715,742]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="16.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.0">15–17 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm dorsally, often slightly coarser ventrally (
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A455AFFA6FAE7FD0EFA0208E1" box="[1351,1452,715,742]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.937" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="15.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="15.0">15–16 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm) and increasing slightly (
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A455AFFA6FE51FD2AFDF8090D" box="[497,598,751,777]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="17.0">17–18 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm) towards valve apices. Areolae elongate slits, becoming smaller and nearly circular at edge of valve mantle,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A455AFFA6FDE5FCD7FD060928" box="[581,680,786,812]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="6.604" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="28.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="26.0">26–30 in</quantity>
|
||
10 μm. Internally, areolae ellipsoid without velum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FB4EFCD7FA340928" box="[1262,1434,786,812]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–31" captionStartId="7.[136,243,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1435,190,1905]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 28–31. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., SEM internal valve views. 28. View of the whole valve. 29. Detail of valve ends showing APF with knobby jointed ridge of silica. 30. Detail of mid-valve showing internal openings of areolae without velum, proximal raphe ends covered by flap-like silica development, and antler-like intermissio stigmoid. 31. Close view of the bisected distal raphe terminal fissures, terminating into small lobed helictoglossa (black arrow). Scale bars = 10 μm (Fig. 28), 2 μm (Figs 29–31)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951987/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Figs 28, 30, 31</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31F6574455AFFA6FF1DFCF0FB4909D9" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF455AFFA6FF1DFCF0FCBB09BE" blockId="4.[136,1452,222,1165]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FF1DFCF0FEB0094B" bold="true" box="[189,286,821,847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Type:—</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3CA2455AFFA6FEBDFCF3FCBC09BE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3874591305" collectingDate="2019-03-30" collectionCode="R" country="Tanzania" latitude="-6.5908337" location="Lake Tanganyika" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.1" municipality="Drive" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F312766F455AFFA6FEBDFCF3FD72094B" box="[285,732,821,848]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EDA6024455AFFA6FD48FCF0FC05094B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87E9455AFFA6FF28FF5BFB580E89:8EDA6024455AFFA6FD48FCF0FC05094B" box="[744,939,821,847]" country="Tanzania" latitude="-6.5908337" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.1" municipality="Drive" name="Lake Tanganyika" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Lake Tanganyika</location>
|
||
central basin, core NPO4-KH1-1K,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAC85455AFFA6FAEDFCF0FA23094B" box="[1357,1421,821,847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Drive</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
4; mud, sampled at
|
||
<quantity id="4CFD9B1A455AFFA6FEF3FC9DFE680977" box="[339,454,856,883]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="43.5" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="43.0">43–44 cm</quantity>
|
||
(estimated to be ~ 50 ka),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315038455AFFA6FCADFC9DFC0A0976" box="[781,932,856,883]" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" precision="1" seconds="27.0" value="-6.5908337">6°35’27.0” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315038455AFFA6FC0FFC9DFBF80977" box="[943,1110,856,883]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" precision="1" seconds="00.0" value="30.1">30°06’00.0” E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FBC6FC9CFA050976" box="[1126,1451,856,883]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||
J.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED14AE3A455AFFA6FBDAFC9CFB230977" box="[1146,1165,857,883]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.Stone,
|
||
<date id="FFBB103F455AFFA6FB42FC9DFA050976" box="[1250,1451,856,882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" value="2019-03-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFFE9D7455AFFA6FB42FC9DFA050976" box="[1250,1451,856,882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" value="2019-03-30">30th March 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BE885D455AFFA6FF30FCBEFF5A0991" box="[144,244,891,917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designated here, circled specimen ANS-GC17192! =
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FCC1FCBEFC090992" box="[865,935,891,918]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–23" captionStartId="5.[136,243,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1435,190,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–23. Afrocymbella symmetrica sp. nov., LM valve views. 2–19, 23.Valves from the type material, core NPO4-KH1-1K, Drive 4, 43–44 cm sample (~50 ka). Fig 9. Holotype specimen. 20–22. Valves from modern sample. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951979/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
, isotypes circled specimens ANS-GC17193!, BM-101977!). Cleaned type materials: ANS-GCM 33025
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF455AFFA6FF1DFC07FB4909D9" blockId="4.[136,1452,222,1165]" box="[189,1255,962,989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Registration:https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/2d7a7068-a78b-425f-a9e6-5d41e121a43b</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31F6574455AFFA6FF1DFC20FA0B09FB" box="[189,1445,997,1024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF455AFFA6FF1DFC20FA0B09FB" blockId="4.[136,1452,222,1165]" box="[189,1445,997,1024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FF1DFC20FECA09FB" bold="true" box="[189,356,997,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C455AFFA6FDF1FC23FD7C09FB" authorityName="Stone & Wilson & Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[593,722,998,1023]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="symmetrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FDF1FC23FD7C09FB" box="[593,722,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">symmetrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ refers to the symmetrical outline that characterizes this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31F6574455AFFA6FF1DFBCDFB580E89" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBA36FF455AFFA6FF1DFBCDFB580E89" blockId="4.[136,1452,222,1165]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FF1DFBCDFEDB0E26" bold="true" box="[189,373,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Distribution:—</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAED455AFFA6FED5FBCDFCAB0E26" box="[373,773,1032,1058]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D7C455AFFA6FED5FBCDFD340E26" authority="Stone & Wilson & Jovanovska, 2022" authorityName="Stone & Wilson & Jovanovska" authorityYear="2022" box="[373,666,1032,1058]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Afrocymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="symmetrica" status="sp. nov.">Afrocymbella symmetrica</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2425796455AFFA6FD09FBCCFCAB0E26" box="[681,773,1033,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was first observed in sediment assemblages from Lake Tanganyika, dating back to about 60–50 ka from the core NPO4-KH1-1K (4K,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A7A455AFFA6FBB6FBEEFBF90E42" box="[1046,1111,1067,1094]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,2013,2035]" captionTargetBox="[311,1276,350,1986]" captionTargetId="figure-119@2.[311,1276,350,1986]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the lakes Tanganyika and Malawi, showing the sampling locations of modern (red circles) and fossil (cores MAL05- 1C and NPO4-KH1-1K; white circles) specimens used in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6951975" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6951975/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) and was not observed in the more recent sediments from this core. Initially, we thought it may have been putatively extinct, but have subsequently observed living specimen from modern samples in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F312766F455AFFA6FD65FBB6FC840E89" box="[709,810,1139,1165]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
collected in shallow water near
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C1F81D455AFFA6FB34FBB6FB5C0E89" box="[1172,1266,1139,1165]" country="Tanzania" name="Kigoma" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Kigoma</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |