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<document id="006D93F3889912338F5FE6357E4B29F6" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.4803" ID-GBIF-Dataset="00ef0df6-46b9-4928-b16a-ccab53206586" ID-PMC="PMC3677362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-283-15" ID-PubMed="23794840" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-283-15" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 283" ModsDocTitle="New taxa and revisionary systematics of alcyonacean octocorals from the Pacific coast of North America (Cnidaria, Anthozoa)" checkinTime="1451247475901" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Williams, Gary C." docDate="2013" docId="33D32891649C26A80F43D426FB9393F6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 283: 15-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 283" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.4803" docTitle="Chromoplexaura marki Kuekenthal 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="CF03FFD9FFFAD159457A315EFF85255D" masterDocTitle="New taxa and revisionary systematics of alcyonacean octocorals from the Pacific coast of North America (Cnidaria, Anthozoa)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1732709578379" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DBF7F2FC117EC4081B1C1DB743224998">New taxa and revisionary systematics of alcyonacean octocorals from the Pacific coast of North America (Cnidaria, Anthozoa)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4DB6FA5BC9D67E0890F3FE2DADC99DAA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="FEA56258247E0C67F7E85E7EC429FC84">Williams, Gary C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A755DD023CE231971FE9C29A95F2EA5B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BB5C2E14B5DA02DAD86F8F0B8DDFBD3B">
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<mods:date id="BF8A6E99FA4F72B3957158C90FEF17D5">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CCD58F69BAE948738DC58117CA3A951E">283</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F9CA464721C0ACAC7FDD067D3DA9164C">15</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="DC37363A03E0CA5759107FE1562D7F82">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.4803</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FA674590D0F73AD97AE3FC37EB4460EA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A2B39390618AB1A4DE543C38EDBC598E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.283.4803</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B0EC603579F71B38E612A1776064A8EC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-283-15</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="33D32891649C26A80F43D426FB9393F6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042197" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:33D32891649C26A80F43D426FB9393F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/33D32891649C26A80F43D426FB9393F6" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Plexauridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria">
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<subSubSection id="43D7652F71D29B4532F1E8082DFC2F5D" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B16F6335B640ADBE567C315FD4F0AED6" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="2A24045812EE36508ACF1B25BA3B1CE7" ID-CoL="5YJ4R" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Chromoplexaura_marki" authority="Kuekenthal, 1913" authorityName="Kuekenthal" authorityYear="1913" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Chromoplexaura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chromoplexaura marki" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marki">
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<pageBreakToken id="587D72CC3AA8D22F4215350EF7E44F1B" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" start="start">Chromoplexaura</pageBreakToken>
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marki (
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<normalizedToken id="B70DE623EB2B82D70C69D81214D4CFC3" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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, 1913)
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</taxonomicName>
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Figures 12-17
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9FB6EC01F025F8BA16F485FE8922D1C9" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" type="synonymy">
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<paragraph id="670CDB8CC235F617F69FE22C0495F088" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">Synonymy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8742F751D3835CD0C082516593EF1A03" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="F5712472CB527C558CE624D938A2340A" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Euplexaura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplexaura marki" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marki">Euplexaura marki</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="741843A7DD9CA4C8AA459967E9B3D5CD" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbucher (Systematik)" pageId="21" pageNumber="36" pagination="219 - 270" title="Ueber die Alcyonarienfauna Californiens und ihre tiergeographischen Beziehungen." volume="35" year="1913">
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<normalizedToken id="B481462C6251EDA8F0B3A25B54C6005F" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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1913
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 266;
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<bibRefCitation id="438275857B69F8BE37ED71AA57EBC209" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">
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<normalizedToken id="623A91CD7A97B2DD7BEE8EAD0E1B7C83" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
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1924
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 93-94;
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<bibRefCitation id="F3DD39940C1D7317E4CB715F658483C5" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">Ofwegen 2012a</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2E07C53ED4B84DE4477AB7191640FAAB" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="880E2F8F720E376B8475314DFCFAE3EB" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA644EC98AED0233378AABB36BA6ACB8" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="31">
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CAS 096746, California, Monterey Carmel Bay off San Jose Creek Beach (Monastery Beach), 38 m depth, 20 May 1962, coll. Dennis Sullivan, five
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<pageBreakToken id="CAC864CF9F3CBD2CD57C31F3EACF1B5B" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" start="start">whole</pageBreakToken>
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colonies. CAS 173222, California, Monterey Bay, Carmel Bay (Monterey Bay Marine Sanctuary), 32 m depth, 22 September 2010, coll. Karen Grimmer, two whole colonies. CAS 168895, California, (Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, Rittenburg Bank), 85 m depth, 8 October 2012, coll. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, one whole colony.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="01E3F75F190E60E9FADAC4B1BD7D9BD0" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="17" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C095712604A47EED5D059DE876933D07" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="89FE68A11467A01052728193E4AAABA6" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">Colonial morphology (Figures 12-13): The predominantly proteinaceous central axis has a hollow core. The main stem above the holdfast varies from 50-120 mm in length. The ultimate branches measure 10-115 mm in length by 2.5 -4.0 mm wide. The distal extremities are acute to rounded and often slightly swollen compared to the uniform width of the rest of the branches.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D733A9DBD5D83EF0271FD7B8D94FB772" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="32">
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Polyps (Figures 12-13). Most of the polyps are fully retractile and form low rounded to hemispherical protuberances that are distributed on all sides of the branches. Some polyps are partially exserted and are <1.0 mm in width. Autozooid walls with
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<pageBreakToken id="89AC5FF33C6F8B7CB2318CB790C5303B" pageId="18" pageNumber="33" start="start">eight</pageBreakToken>
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longitudinal rows of densely-set, more-or-less en chevron sclerites that give rise to narrow points in the middle of each tentacle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1161FB83E7716496E1D6F4FCBF302769" pageId="18" pageNumber="33">
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Sclerites (Figures 14-17). The coenenchymal sclerites are radiates, robust spindles, and ovoid forms with highly variable tuberculation, 0.06-0.24 mm in length (Figures 14, 15, 17
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<normalizedToken id="1AE93EA9ECA16866918AD7A52961834C" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="64E57E7914B64FA72DA1CD620921A9C5" originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
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). Some are robust and subspherical to ellipsoid with numerous and less well-pronounced tubercles. The sclerites of the polyp wall and points are heavily tuberculated spindles and rods, 0.04
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<normalizedToken id="00854BD24D9BF19F744460F6A7CB0368" originalValue="mm–">mm-</normalizedToken>
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0.09 mm in length (Figures 16; 17F, K, L, M).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9BA5B2D1C7B734BF325130F7883DE316" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="18" pageNumber="33">
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Color (Figures 12-13). The color of the colonies is similar in life or preserved, the coenenchyme is uniformly- colored orange-red to vivid red, while the exsert polyps are
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<pageBreakToken id="DFA7B8DC0A719EE1453BCE74E6350FBE" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" start="start">white</pageBreakToken>
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(Figure 11E). The coenenchymal sclerites are red-orange, while the polyp wall and points sclerites are colorless.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5DB288316DD128260DFAA4404589FD82" pageId="19" pageNumber="34">Distribution (Figure 19): Central Oregon to southern California; 9 to at least 90 m depth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="261EDEA664B44BE9486A252259D3F600" pageId="19" pageNumber="34">
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Biology and associated species. Several of the colonies in lot 096746, have enlargements on the branches that resemble gall-like growths, which contain epizoic barnacles of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="7CF346D6AE3AA6B42EC1A72D714AF7C2" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Conopea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conopea" order="Sessilia" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Conopea</taxonomicName>
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(pers. comm., R. Van Syoc, California Academy of Sciences).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="EF404C7F46542559A39A5C61CBA56439" pageId="19" pageNumber="34">
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<paragraph id="AF2BB8ACD446651A453EF9A2B97C6D52" pageId="19" pageNumber="34">
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Figure 19. Map of the North American Pacific coast showing collecting localities for
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<taxonomicName id="4BAD72B9FC18B1E81F21490289124FA1" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Cryptophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyton jedsmithi" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="jedsmithi">Cryptophyton jedsmithi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (*),
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<taxonomicName id="1909E32538074FB3EE8C2464859CA61A" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Cryptophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyton goddardi" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="goddardi">Cryptophyton goddardi</taxonomicName>
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(●),
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<taxonomicName id="DEF6F53A1EDAFBD22F8295678DF86461" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Chromoplexaura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chromoplexaura marki" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marki">Chromoplexaura marki</taxonomicName>
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(▲), and
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<taxonomicName id="A175148E3C3AD37B66D717B507D544AE" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Gersemia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gersemia lambi" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="19" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lambi">Gersemia lambi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (■). Arrows designate type localities.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |