426 lines
49 KiB
XML
426 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="2D948D59E553680C33A1EBB936D58EB1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5453.2.6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11233954" ID-ZooBank="3F3C8CC0-A99E-4F51-9D14-982FE04E7EED" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1716282842050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyrcz, Tomasz W., Boyer, Pierre, Petit, Jean-Claude, Garlacz, Rafał, Zając- Garlacz, Kamila S., Espeland, Marianne & Willmott, Keith R." docDate="2024" docId="167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5453.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5453 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Corades yanacocha Pyrcz, Boyer & Petit 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="033A295A-B327-498B-AC05-0519F1560FE7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="258" masterDocId="EA45FFC50C7EE252FFC9922AA113FFED" masterDocTitle="Bedazzled: a new, striking species of Corades from the outskirts of Quito questions our knowledge of Andean cloud forest butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="262" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="256" updateTime="1716285730712" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="8C478DD1D21B970925DC624535C1A92B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="759E1D1ADA8E7629CF9482A7B49772B5">
|
||
<mods:title id="ED916233C1B4BE11D799987EDC391539">Bedazzled: a new, striking species of Corades from the outskirts of Quito questions our knowledge of Andean cloud forest butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="DAB187ED6939CE0D12705537820EFA84" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="99563EE7D696051C8B2B51F039EDDDB4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2652EFC9EB81F57AFCDE5A1DA3B2215D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F72D2E66F2A01923073837BCEB01C5F3">Pyrcz, Tomasz W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="A8F0B0A586BD49FA700B5015E9257C53">Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="EA07C64E27F1249172CB7E52BA1B386E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="66D7111F0784A8B776553F5FDF1D5879">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0BF306D73073DF45808070E73A59ED25">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A41898FD37E108DF663F9B65489AEFC4">Boyer, Pierre</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="B36338A80DEBDD930670FD8AFF103B4F">7 Lotissement l’Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="745F4E905C8EB18BD48955839C7AEDC3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="06DE2A101FAAE74C97C4B2DA8E686F48">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="33C25C05C64DF4268A8371F24456BD0A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A4266CA13ACA5FCDF502E06A6BC9BDC7">Petit, Jean-Claude</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="0D84DD92A452945BF596EFDB99BF566E">15 rue Saint-Rieul, Hameau de Ducy, 60800 Fresnoy-le-Luat, France</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9FD574339205080B6810CAC1D71AAD59" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F5C4D98784C14689C4FD1586DEC68AFC">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E269B8487A19A3A560E523FC1DD80F17">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BB2FA347303DEDB5AAB271B8AEDA01B9">Garlacz, Rafał</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="27CE38D857C54A02E7F23A209AFDDFAE">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="15952A22CD94820774922329A4F96224" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="264E0779445C6C65BB428BFFC2BDA99D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D682F5177A71C8C4F2B23729343F647D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A1FFB5F335E4DA132B43B5D3D71841C4">Zając- Garlacz, Kamila S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="A0BDCC73C62F46D45FEA3062EFB6C0D0">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="71A4CB37B7D14B710C54E66D223EF72B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="CBC55259BBB916C2419506C0BE8C35C3">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BA009FB481503D3251F24E11D3C88F16">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="583C0B2F67818B4AF380317DB9942028">Espeland, Marianne</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="E49A42167625247B28AF37F9DDC5A656">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis for Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum, Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="1A4B96EE0689C76755118C52AF1E5C54" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="16FC4568DF224519A3CCBF6E6E9950E8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7EF51C4F4B81B4DF4CA528CB8A1C6A3B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2F609996E72DB2B1538F5196E4B410CA">Willmott, Keith R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="916026E966F70260161A5CBD19AB0D4C">McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Research Associate, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8BD7CF5CA9DC45F959496CDA591C7D21">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="25167928BFA0121291929EE3F5DCE116" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="20DA688B60A58EF1CE194EF51DC6329A">
|
||
<mods:title id="4A32932F87B101BC076C02A27EDF9BAB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A45A15C17BA20D28915482A6CCCAE616">
|
||
<mods:date id="7088EF969C4A355F166C63E63381F6D1">2024</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D240027AB2E736FBD3AE7E08C564B293" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="DEBB37175BFB0D61C1199430DBF378E8">2024-05-20</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="0F5C908B5D7218DCF414C28933D3FB60" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="624FEC15615AB132CF5019BE45F696A5">5453</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="EFD023FE9AA595A283322F8701007B8F" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="5DA94F0F4EA9177EF90C51DF8F49E682">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="65EBE0531B5F90D582BA789947025BAE" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="98FF7CEC1798B4DA8F5D07633B7A5EFD">255</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="9E76782897A28C013553F06C277266C5">262</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="7B4A083B761679FC989ACE369202D893">
|
||
<mods:url id="CF79703D3DCE8011144619562091B795">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="901D8E4877340A7594BFB51C01BB4C85">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7E7376E4A870FBA8BFD7AC7B3E4C771D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5453.2.6</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7F78091B4D2254EF5F071E8E86A08960" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0304B0D427AACF80FF5608A7C4048563" type="Zenodo-Dep">11233954</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DC8EDF60D33AF5EBE1B6D1C14EF05643" type="ZooBank">3F3C8CC0-A99E-4F51-9D14-982FE04E7EED</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11233950" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:033A295A-B327-498B-AC05-0519F1560FE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="258" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6CF65200C7FE253FF5E957CA2AFF878" pageId="1" pageNumber="256" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7FE253FF5E957CA3C4F89C" blockId="1.[151,956,1878,1941]" box="[151,727,1878,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<heading id="C52281C70C7FE253FF5E957CA3C4F89C" bold="true" box="[151,727,1878,1905]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="256" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7FE253FF5E957CA3C4F89C" bold="true" box="[151,727,1878,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7FE253FF5E957CA39DF89D" authority="Pyrcz, Boyer & Petit" authorityName="Pyrcz, Boyer & Petit" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,654,1878,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7FE253FF5E957CA097F89C" bold="true" box="[151,388,1878,1905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">Corades yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
Pyrcz, Boyer & Petit
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7FE253FD5C957DA3C4F89C" box="[661,727,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7FE253FF5E9550A2AFF878" blockId="1.[151,956,1878,1941]" box="[151,956,1914,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">
|
||
<uri id="EA443AA90C7FE253FF5E9550A2AFF878" box="[151,956,1914,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">
|
||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||
<uuid id="EA730C7E0C7FE253FE6E9550A2AFF878" box="[423,956,1914,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">033A295A-B327-498B-AC05-0519F1560FE7</uuid>
|
||
</uri>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6CF65200C7FE256FF5E9596A04DF868" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="1" pageNumber="256" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7FE253FF5E9596A3A4F817" blockId="1.[151,1436,1980,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="256">Diagnosis: This species is immediately recognized from all other congeners by the wide, brick-red transverse band of the upperside of both forewing and hindwing.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CAAA66230C7CE250FF51912DA23FFCAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233956" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11233956" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233956/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" startId="2.[152,255,775,799]" targetBox="[272,1313,187,746]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7CE250FF51912DA23FFCAE" blockId="2.[151,1436,775,835]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7CE250FF51912DA00BFCF2" bold="true" box="[152,280,775,799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
ML COI based tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7CE250FE36912DA346FCF2" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1849" box="[511,597,775,799]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7CE250FE36912DA346FCF2" box="[511,597,775,799]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Corades</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in the northern Andes indicating the position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7CE250FB689122A438FCF2" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[1185,1323,775,799]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7CE250FB689122A438FCF2" box="[1185,1323,775,799]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">C. yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7CE250FAFB912DA479FCF2" bold="true" box="[1330,1386,775,799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7CE250FAFB912DA479FCF2" box="[1330,1386,775,799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with bootstrap values on the nodes. Values less than 70 are not shown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7CE250FF0E91BFA23EF872" blockId="2.[151,1437,917,1952]" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">
|
||
Description: MALE (
|
||
<figureCitation id="06EE2A2E0C7CE250FE7A91BFA0EDFC5D" box="[435,510,917,944]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,775,799]" captionTargetBox="[272,1313,187,746]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[269,1317,181,751]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. ML COI based tree of Corades occurring in the northern Andes indicating the position of C. yanacocha sp. n. with bootstrap values on the nodes. Values less than 70 are not shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233956" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233956/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="06EE2A2E0C7CE250FDC391BCA308FC5D" box="[522,539,918,944]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,681,705]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,182,657]" captionTargetId="figure-20@3.[264,1323,181,657]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Corades yanacocha sp. n. male, left: dorsal, right: ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233958/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">2</figureCitation>
|
||
): Head: Eyes blackish brown, hairy, labial palpi two times length of head, covered dorsally with brown, ventrally with chestnut hairy scales. Antennae two-fifths length of costa, russet-brown, naked, club same colour but slightly darker. Thorax: dorsally black, mostly naked, sparsely hairy laterally; legs dark grey, sparsely covered with whitish scales and lighter-grey hair, silvery and denser on femur. Forewing (length:
|
||
<quantity id="592D9B4E0C7CE250FAF0962BA48BFBF6" box="[1337,1432,1025,1051]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="33.6">33.6mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=3) triangular with a subacute apex and a straight outer margin. Forewing upperside chocolate-brown in basal area, gradually turning darker brown, becoming black in submarginal and marginal areas, lustrous, densely hairy in basal half of space CuA2-1A/2A, with an approximately
|
||
<quantity id="592D9B4E0C7CE250FCD19644A265FB65" box="[792,886,1134,1160]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, slightly variable in width, wavy postdiscal to submarginal, brick-red band extending from subapical area where fading away and basally extending into a small, double yellowish costal patch, to anal margin. Fringes crimson red from apex to vein CuA1, sandy yellow from CuA1 to 1A/2A. Hindwing with a gently undulating outer margin with a long tail-like extension along vein CuA2. Hindwing upperside ground colour similar to forewing, chocolate-brown in basal area, gradually turning darker brown, black towards outer margin, densely hairy in median half and along anal margin, with a straight postdiscal-submarginal band,
|
||
<quantity id="592D9B4E0C7CE250FE27976FA35CFA8D" box="[494,591,1349,1376]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at vein Rs, gradually narrowing, reaching
|
||
<quantity id="592D9B4E0C7CE250FB40976CA5DDFA8D" box="[1161,1230,1350,1376]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
approaching anal margin. Fringes mostly sandy yellow from apex to vein M2, crimson red beyond. Forewing underside ground colour chocolate-brown, lighter along anal margin, veins dusted with orange, more intensely along discal vein, postdiscal-submarginal band shaped as on upperside but orange and not extending into subapical area beyond vein M2, except for costal patch, milky white with some orange dusting, larger than on upperside, entire subapical and apical area, and along outer margin as far as into space M3-CuA1 densely dusted with silver scales with an overlying pattern of brown ripples. Hindwing underside densely dusted with silver scaling over almost its entire surface, with an overlying pattern of brown ripples, except for two areas which are mostly free of it, forming a diffused dark brown median band, and a postdiscal band with diffused basal margin but a rather sharp, straight outer margin, area distally from it is lighter, lilac, forming a faint band roughly mirroring brick-red band on upperside with three minute white dots in spaces Rs-M1, M1-M2 and M2-M3, and a fourth one near tornus in CuA2-1A/2A. Abdomen: dorsally black, sparsely hairy, ventrally more densely covered with beige hair; Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="06EE2A2E0C7CE250FC1E94FBA508F901" box="[983,1051,1745,1772]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,729,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-38@3.[264,1323,729,1108]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Corades yanacocha sp. n. in the field (phot. Abigail de Pozo)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233960/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="257">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
): Tegumen slender and elongated, with a flat dorsum, extending into a massive, slightly down-curved uncus, about same length as tegumen, and stout subunci, about two-thirds length of uncus, adhered to its base, pedunculus short and blunt, vinculum slightly arched in lateral view, extending into a short saccus flattened dorso-ventrally, valvae slender and elongated, slightly longer than tegumen+uncus, with a serrate dorsum; aedeagus tubular, one-fourth shorter than valva, gradually narrowing towards apex, with a smooth surface. FEMALE: unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CAAA66230C7DE251FF519083A264FD2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11233958" box="[152,887,681,705]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233958/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" startId="3.[152,255,681,705]" targetBox="[264,1322,182,657]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7DE251FF519083A264FD2C" blockId="3.[152,887,681,705]" box="[152,887,681,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FF519083A00BFD2C" bold="true" box="[152,280,681,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FEEC9083A0FCFD2C" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[293,495,681,705]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FEEC9083A0FCFD2C" box="[293,495,681,705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Corades yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FE3C9083A33DFD2C" bold="true" box="[501,558,681,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7DE251FE3C9083A33DFD2C" box="[501,558,681,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
male, left: dorsal, right: ventral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CAAA66230C7DE251FF519646A28FFB69" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233960" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11233960" box="[152,924,1132,1156]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233960/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" startId="3.[152,255,1132,1156]" targetBox="[264,1323,729,1108]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7DE251FF519646A28FFB69" blockId="3.[152,924,1132,1156]" box="[152,924,1132,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FF519646A00BFB69" bold="true" box="[152,280,1132,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FEEC9646A0FCFB69" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[293,495,1132,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FEEC9646A0FCFB69" box="[293,495,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Corades yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FE3C9646A33DFB69" bold="true" box="[501,558,1132,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7DE251FE3C9646A33DFB69" box="[501,558,1132,1156]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the field (phot. Abigail de Pozo).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7DE251FF0E96E3A515FAA2" blockId="3.[151,1437,1225,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
COI barcodes data (
|
||
<figureCitation id="06EE2A2E0C7DE251FE7996E3A0E4FB0E" box="[432,503,1225,1251]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1359,1383]" captionTargetBox="[284,1291,194,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[271,1315,181,1336]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Corades yanacocha sp. n. male genitalia, A. in lateral view, B. aedeagus in lateral view, C. aedeagus in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233962/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) were obtained for two individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FC7296E3A54BFB0E" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[955,1112,1225,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FC7296E3A54BFB0E" box="[955,1112,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FBAB96E3A5B6FB0E" bold="true" box="[1122,1189,1225,1251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7DE251FBAB96E3A5B6FB0E" box="[1122,1189,1225,1251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
They cluster with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FA4A96E3A0BAFAEA" authority="Thieme, 1907" authorityName="Thieme" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dymantis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FA4A96E3A1EFFAEA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. dymantis</emphasis>
|
||
Thieme, 1907
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but their branch support is low (below 70), and four other species of
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FB2F96C7A458FAEA" box="[1254,1355,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FB2F96C7A45BFAEA" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1849" box="[1254,1352,1261,1287]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Corades</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FA4A96C7A0ADFAC6" authority="Weymer, 1890" authorityName="Weymer" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tripunctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FA4A96C7A000FAC6" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. tripunctata</emphasis>
|
||
Weymer, 1890
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FE05973BA3E9FAC6" authority="Hewitson, 1863" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1863" box="[460,762,1297,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chirone">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FE05973BA351FAC6" box="[460,578,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. chirone</emphasis>
|
||
Hewitson, 1863
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FCC1973BA515FAC6" authority="Butler, 1866" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1866" box="[776,1030,1297,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cybele">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FCC1973BA262FAC6" box="[776,881,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. cybele</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1866
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FB88973BA466FAC1" authority="Hewitson, 1850" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1850" box="[1089,1397,1297,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medeba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FB88973BA5AAFAC6" box="[1089,1209,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. medeba</emphasis>
|
||
Hewitson, 1850
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all of which forming a fully supported clade sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FD01971FA512FAA2" authority="Hewitson, 1863" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1863" box="[712,1025,1333,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chelonis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FD01971FA256FAA2" box="[712,837,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. chelonis</emphasis>
|
||
Hewitson, 1863
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7DE251FF0E9773A23DF9EE" blockId="3.[151,1437,1225,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2EBD3CF60C7DE251FF0E9773A0E0FA7A" collectingDate="2023-11-11" collectionCode="PBF" collectorName="P. Boyer" country="Ecuador" county="Types" elevation="3520" latitude="-0.11722222" location="West of Quito" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.58639" municipality="Reserva Yanacocha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="770B4E270C7DE251FF0E9773A01DFA9E" box="[199,270,1369,1395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Types</collectingCounty>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="416E88090C7DE251FED09773A092FA9E" box="[281,385,1369,1395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6C2763B0C7DE251FE199773A33CFA9E" box="[464,559,1369,1395]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C11F8490C7DE251FDF29773A3BFFA9E" box="[571,684,1369,1395]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7E0EACD10C7DE251FD709773A284FA9E" box="[697,919,1369,1395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Reserva Yanacocha</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9B0A60700C7DE251FC6B9773A557FA9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868:9B0A60700C7DE251FC6B9773A557FA9E" box="[930,1092,1369,1395]" country="Ecuador" county="Types" latitude="-0.11722222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.58639" municipality="Reserva Yanacocha" name="West of Quito" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Pichincha">West of Quito</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FBE1506C0C7DE251FB869773A5B4FA99" box="[1103,1191,1369,1396]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" precision="15" seconds="2" value="-0.11722222">S0°7’2”</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FBE1506C0C7DE251FB6E9773A428FA99" box="[1191,1339,1369,1396]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-78.58639">W78°35’11”</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="592D9B4E0C7DE251FA8E9773A48BFA99" box="[1351,1432,1369,1396]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.52" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="3520.0">
|
||
<elevation id="15F8D1980C7DE251FA8E9773A48BFA99" box="[1351,1432,1369,1396]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.52" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="3520.0">3520m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EA6B106B0C7DE251FF5E9757A00AFA7A" box="[151,281,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FA2FE9830C7DE251FF5E9757A00AFA7A" box="[151,281,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-11">11.XI.2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="3320537D0C7DE251FEED9757A091FA7A" box="[292,386,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">P. Boyer</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FE089757A0E0FA7A" box="[449,499,1405,1431]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">PBF</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2EBD3CF60C7DE251FE339757A2A2FA56" collectingDate="2023-11-09" collectionCode="INABIO, PBF" collectorName="P. Boyer" country="Ecuador" elevation="3520" latitude="-0.11722222" location="West of Quito" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.58639" municipality="Reserva Yanacocha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Pichincha" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[to be deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FD1B9757A229FA7A" box="[722,826,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">INABIO</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<typeStatus id="416E88090C7DE251FC859757A2AEFA7A" box="[844,957,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="88D3FD220C7DE251FC019757A2E1FA77" box="[968,1010,1405,1434]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="male">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FC149754A2E1FA77" box="[989,1010,1406,1434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">♂</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C11F8490C7DE251FBC89757A561FA7A" box="[1025,1138,1405,1431]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="7E0EACD10C7DE251FBB49757A448FA7A" box="[1149,1371,1405,1431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Reserva Yanacocha</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="9B0A60700C7DE251FAAC9757A1E9FA56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868:9B0A60700C7DE251FAAC9757A1E9FA56" country="Ecuador" latitude="-0.11722222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.58639" municipality="Reserva Yanacocha" name="West of Quito" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Pichincha">West of Quito</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FBE1506C0C7DE251FECF978BA04DFA51" box="[262,350,1441,1468]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" precision="15" seconds="2" value="-0.11722222">S0°7’2”</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FBE1506C0C7DE251FE97978BA0E1FA51" box="[350,498,1441,1468]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-78.58639">W78°35’11”</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="592D9B4E0C7DE251FE36978BA343FA51" box="[511,592,1441,1468]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.52" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="3520.0">
|
||
<elevation id="15F8D1980C7DE251FE36978BA343FA51" box="[511,592,1441,1468]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.52" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="3520.0">3520m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="EA6B106B0C7DE251FD95978BA3C3FA56" box="[604,720,1441,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FA2FE9830C7DE251FD95978BA3C3FA56" box="[604,720,1441,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-09">9.XI.2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="3320537D0C7DE251FD14978BA22EFA56" box="[733,829,1441,1467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">P. Boyer</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FCB7978BA2A2FA56" box="[894,945,1441,1467]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">PBF</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2EBD3CF60C7DE251FC77978BA239F9EE" collectingDate="2023-11-09" collectingDateMax="2023-11-14" collectingDateMin="2023-11-09" collectionCode="PBF, JCP" collectorName="P. Boyer & Petit" country="Ecuador" elevation="3520" latitude="-0.11722222" location="West of Quito" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-78.58639" municipality="Reserva Yanacocha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Pichincha" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
[currently in
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FB9A978BA598FA56" box="[1107,1163,1441,1467]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">PBF</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="88D3FD220C7DE251FB57978BA5D9FA53" box="[1182,1226,1441,1470]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="male">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FB7C9788A5D9FA53" box="[1205,1226,1442,1470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">♂</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
: same locality but
|
||
<date id="EA6B106B0C7DE251FF5E97EFA00AFA32" box="[151,281,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FA2FE9830C7DE251FF5E97EFA00AFA32" box="[151,281,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-14">14.XI.2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="3320537D0C7DE251FEEC97EFA090FA32" box="[293,387,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">P. Boyer</collectorName>
|
||
leg. [currently in
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FD8797EFA395FA32" box="[590,646,1477,1503]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">PBF</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="88D3FD220C7DE251FD5197EFA3D1FA0F" box="[664,706,1477,1506]" count="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="male">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FD6497ECA3D1FA0F" box="[685,706,1478,1506]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">♂</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
: same locality,
|
||
<date id="EA6B106B0C7DE251FCB397EFA2FDFA32" box="[890,1006,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FA2FE9830C7DE251FCB397EFA2FDFA32" box="[890,1006,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-09">9.XI.2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, J-C
|
||
<collectorName id="3320537D0C7DE251FBE197EFA548FA32" box="[1064,1115,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Petit</collectorName>
|
||
leg. [currently in
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FAEC97EFA44BFA32" box="[1317,1368,1477,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">JCP</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="88D3FD220C7DE251FAA397EFA487FA0F" box="[1386,1428,1477,1506]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" type="male">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FAB697ECA487FA0F" box="[1407,1428,1478,1506]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">♂</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
: same locality,
|
||
<date id="EA6B106B0C7DE251FEF197C3A0A9F9EE" box="[312,442,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="FA2FE9830C7DE251FEF197C3A0A9F9EE" box="[312,442,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11-14">14.XI.2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, J-C
|
||
<collectorName id="3320537D0C7DE251FE3A97C3A335F9EE" box="[499,550,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Petit</collectorName>
|
||
leg. [currently in
|
||
<collectionCode id="F8C4AE6E0C7DE251FD3997C3A230F9EE" box="[752,803,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">JCP</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7DE251FF0E9427A32BF9A6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1225,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
Etymology: This species name is derived from that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="416E88090C7DE251FC979427A29DF9CA" box="[862,910,1549,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, the Reserva Yanacocha, currently the only locality from where it is known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E6A36AB0C7DE256FF0E947FA04DF868" blockId="3.[151,1437,1225,2007]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,1502,1925]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="259" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
Bionomics: During the visit to the site when the
|
||
<typeStatus id="416E88090C7DE251FD3F947FA236F982" box="[758,805,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series was collected, 9
|
||
<superScript id="69A09BE30C7DE251FBE7947FA529F98E" attach="left" box="[1070,1082,1621,1635]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">th</superScript>
|
||
to 14
|
||
<superScript id="69A09BE30C7DE251FBB6947FA598F98E" attach="left" box="[1151,1163,1621,1635]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">th</superScript>
|
||
of
|
||
<date id="EA6B106B0C7DE251FB7F947FA47EF982" box="[1206,1389,1621,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" value="2023-11">November 2023</date>
|
||
, the weather was favourable for cloud forest butterfly activity, at least in the morning, with long periods of sunshine between 8.00–11.30am. Later in the day clouds and fog covered the sun. All individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FB5E94B7A460F95A" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[1175,1395,1693,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FB5E94B7A460F95A" box="[1175,1395,1693,1719]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Corades yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FAB294B7A1BEF936" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7DE251FAB294B7A1BEF936" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were observed along the forested part of the main trail, which contours around the west side of Volcán
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C11F8490C7DE251FAE094EBA48BF936" box="[1321,1432,1729,1755]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
|
||
, none in open areas or on secondary trails where the vegetation was dense. The part of the trail where the species was observed was in the shade until 10:00 am, which allowed us to make observations and captures only between 09.30 am–12.00 pm. In contrast, from 8:00 am onwards we observed many other butterflies hill-topping on a tree, in a sunny area just before the beginning of the forested part of the trail, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FC5E957BA555F886" box="[919,1094,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Pedaliodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FC5E957BA502F886" box="[919,1041,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Pedaliodes</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FB99957BA1C3F862" authority="Butler, 1866" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Daedalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inconspicua">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FB99957BA45EF886" box="[1104,1357,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Daedalma inconspicua</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1866
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FF12955FA062F862" box="[219,369,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Steremnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FF12955FA05AF862" box="[219,329,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Steremnia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FDD7955CA511F862" authority="(C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[542,1026,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycera">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FDD7955CA3AAF862" box="[542,697,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Dione glycera</emphasis>
|
||
(C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FBC6955FA479F862" authority="Butler, 1897" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1897" box="[1039,1386,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Catasticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FBC6955FA5C9F862" box="[1039,1242,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Catasticta tricolor</emphasis>
|
||
Butler, 1897
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and unidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FEEB95B3A0B0F85E" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[290,419,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lycaenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We also observed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FDBA95B3A23AF85E" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1863" box="[627,809,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chirone">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FDBA95B3A23AF85E" box="[627,809,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">Corades chirone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
around the same tree. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FB4F95B3A40EF85E" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[1158,1309,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FB4F95B3A40EF85E" box="[1158,1309,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FAEA95B3A473F85E" bold="true" box="[1315,1376,1945,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7DE251FAEA95B3A473F85E" box="[1315,1376,1945,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were attracted to rotting fish bait, like all other large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FD579597A23CF83A" authorityName="Reuter" authorityYear="1896" box="[670,815,1981,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pronophilina">Pronophilina</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We observed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7DE251FC069597A574F83A" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[975,1127,1981,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FC069597A574F83A" box="[975,1127,1981,2007]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">C. yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7DE251FBA79597A5BEF83A" bold="true" box="[1134,1197,1981,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7DE251FBA79597A5BEF83A" box="[1134,1197,1981,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in several places along the main trail, but most individuals were in a small clearing at the beginning of the forested part, where we witnessed some territorial behaviour.
|
||
<specimenCount id="88D3FD220C7AE256FD979428A3DAF9F1" box="[606,713,1538,1564]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
|
||
in particular repeatedly returned to a single spot, usually a leaf or a twig at the tip of an isolated branch, where it would stay motionless until seeing another male or another butterfly flying by. Occasionally, males were observed flying down to the ground, but more often they flew and perched three or four meters above the ground. Males rested most of the time with their wings closed, which made them difficult to detect, but when the sun was shining they sometimes opened their wings, in a basking position, which is a frequent behaviour among cloud forest butterflies given low temperatures in the morning.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7AE256FB0A949CA420F93D" box="[1219,1331,1718,1744]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7AE256FB0A949CA420F93D" box="[1219,1331,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Chusquea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bamboo, which are the most likely host plants, considering that other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7AE256FCF694F0A28DF919" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1849" box="[831,926,1754,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7AE256FCF694F0A28DF919" box="[831,926,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Corades</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also feed on this genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA444B5A0C7AE256FB7C94F0A48BF919" author="Greeney, F. H. & Pyrcz, T. W. & Dyer, L. & Walla, Z." box="[1205,1432,1754,1780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" pagination="8 - 13" refId="ref4358" refString="Greeney, F. H., Pyrcz, T. W., Dyer, L. & Walla, Z. (2010) Thea early stages and natural history of Corades medeba Hewitson, 1850 in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Pronophilina). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 20 (1), 8 - 13." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Greeney
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7AE256FAD494F1A446F919" box="[1309,1365,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA444B5A0C7AE256FF5E94D4A0B7F8F5" author="Montero Abril, F. & Ortiz Perez, M." box="[151,420,1790,1816]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref4543" refString="Montero Abril, F. & Ortiz Perez, M. (2014) Ciclo de vida de Corades chelonis Hewitson y Corades dymantis Thieme (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae, Pronophilina) y aspectos de su biologia, Insecta Mundi, 0345, 1 - 29." type="book chapter" year="2014">Montero & Ortiz, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), were scarce, hidden in the forest along secondary trails, not far away from the clearing where adults were observed flying. On the other hand, we observed abundant canes which we considered first as likely host plants, because we could not locate any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7AE256FD1E956CA254F88D" box="[727,839,1862,1888]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7AE256FD1E956CA254F88D" box="[727,839,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Chusquea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the area where adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59D54D280C7AE256FBB7956CA40BF88D" authority="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott, 2024" authorityName="Pyrcz & Boyer & Petit & Garlacz & Zając- Garlacz & Espeland & Willmott" authorityYear="2024" box="[1150,1304,1862,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Corades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanacocha" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7AE256FBB7956CA40BF88D" box="[1150,1304,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. yanacocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="ACA1EAB90C7AE256FAD6956CA44CF88D" bold="true" box="[1311,1375,1862,1888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B79257C20C7AE256FAD6956CA44CF88D" box="[1311,1375,1862,1888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were observed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="06EE2A2E0C7AE256FEC59540A043F868" box="[268,336,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1003,1027]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,181,980]" captionTargetId="figure-20@5.[264,1323,181,980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitat of Corades yanacocha sp. n. at 3500 m s.s.l. in the Yanacocha Biological Reserve (phot. P. Boyer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11233964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11233964/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |