481 lines
46 KiB
XML
481 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="03856121D7E855B0289E9503AA6AD1B9" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.667.11369" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7925a98-7b12-4eb7-9952-d5a9017116a2" ID-PMC="PMC5523387" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-667-67" ID-PubMed="28769636" ID-ZooBank="569BC83BD81E428E8AD9D5A664EC5F49" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-667-67" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 667" ModsDocTitle="Two new Brazilian species of Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe, 1832 with remarks on amazonica and rufescens groups (Araneae, Sicariidae)" checkinTime="1491908618191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri, Andrade, Rute Maria Goncalves de & Bertani, Rogerio" docDate="2017" docId="09732FC520EBD7C12C80549D28AB3A17" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 667: 67-94" docOrigin="ZooKeys 667" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.667.11369" docTitle="Loxosceles amazonica Gertsch 1967" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="FFCB9F019817FF84FFA3FFA02562E84B" masterDocTitle="Two new Brazilian species of Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe, 1832 with remarks on amazonica and rufescens groups (Araneae, Sicariidae)" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1701318377545" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CBB77E0102502A5EF6E50B4B6E4999C8">Two new Brazilian species of Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe, 1832 with remarks on amazonica and rufescens groups (Araneae, Sicariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1CEBB3CCF91FDC042F42F55267495053">Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="363A6D1ACF3CA894F64E9FA7154D93B9">Andrade, Rute Maria Goncalves de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E90359FD54CFA7E18166D125E2529E5B">Bertani, Rogerio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="203F5AEFF6B66F30B490E7BC3EF9C246">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="09732FC520EBD7C12C80549D28AB3A17" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128345052" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:09732FC520EBD7C12C80549D28AB3A17" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/09732FC520EBD7C12C80549D28AB3A17" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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<paragraph id="0DBE58430F1CDA71812DE6DFA5CEF318" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName id="69400C14553626BF7471D35D29FA88EF" ID-CoL="72NWP" authority="Gertsch, 1967" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1967" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica Gertsch, 1967</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1-6, 7-13, 14-17, 18-21, 22-25, 26-31, 32-35, 36-39, 40-47, 48-51, 78-79
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0B23DB8C4B4E316D016CC1E85A93F2C9" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="608ABF47A2C1575CADFF407F4F612F70" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName id="FD1410291C8E491D6AB884707B0ADA68" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
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Gertsch, 1967: 143, pl. 4, figs 7−10, pl. 5, figs 6−7 (female holotype examined (AMNH), Brazil, state of Mato Grosso, Santa Isabel, Araguaia river, Mato Grosso side, 15-25 July 1957, B. Malkin col., receptacles not in the vial); Lucas, Cardoso and Moraes 1986: 130, figs 3−4;
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<bibRefCitation id="54E694FEDF6332578B5E6AD94243F8CB" author="Duncan, RP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="19" pageNumber="86" pagination="234 - 248" title="Diversity of Loxosceles spiders in northwestern Africa and molecular support for cryptic species in the Loxoscelesrufescens lineage." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.11.026" volume="55" year="2010">Duncan et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 241, fig. 3;
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<bibRefCitation id="FFE8790A5FF920A598B30D70FC6BE1FB" author="Tambourgi, DV" journalOrPublisher="Revista Medica de Minas Gerais" pageId="20" pageNumber="87" title="World Spider Catalog" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2016">World Spider Catalog 2016</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="49EF5FD87F0F15C0880393B0CECDEC45" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1F073A469935F1C91CB6A048F57E73F0" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="127E234B2FF5310F5575C690AEE498A2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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(Table 3). BRAZIL:
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<normalizedToken id="97E8CF2F790F276D379F08183EC41CB8" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
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, Serra Branca, Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara,
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<normalizedToken id="0D5CA9B7BD0ED27B4D5EAE7311524BFA" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Raimundo Nonato [
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<geoCoordinate id="91145C6659A91E3B421DA51004FB03B0" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.0">9°00'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="49DCA3CEA7F23E7BA696104107DB45A3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-42.683334">42°41'W</geoCoordinate>
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], 1 male, 1 female and 11 immatures, R. M.
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<normalizedToken id="B506F706503DA53FB47B343E2C537F03" originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
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Andrade col. (MNRJ 6927); Rio Grande do Norte: Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC
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<normalizedToken id="CEAA27A4383E20414F867C2CCFDF3EBB" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="FB6588822D4981356DAA91DB1E90FD55" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.5666666">6°34'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E654A00ED1E0D5251BBCB14DF71163C0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-37.25">37°15'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2 females and 5 males, C. S. Fukushima, K. C. T. Riciluca and N. M.
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<normalizedToken id="E08FBA4E5F4185EEB3FA252BB2F7A23D" originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
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col., 14 March 2014, ref. Ser 8, 12, 2, 7, 9, 10, 33, respectively (MNRJ 6928); 1 female, under tree bark, during the night, C. S. Fukushima col., 14 March 2014, ref. C28 (MNRJ 6929); 1 female, C. S. Fukushima col., 14 March 2014, inside tree trunk, during the day, ref. C44 (MNRJ 6930); 1 male, C. S. Fukushima col., 14 March 2014, ref. C41 (MNRJ 7303);
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<normalizedToken id="F704A09D397FCC55FC491A5DA1AC8F07" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
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, FLONA de
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<normalizedToken id="172E52900E46C81871AD4A722B46B2D9" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="D141EF41853C0FDC89E0AFC38C9BD4B5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.5666666">5°34'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="83672233A962816B300EF07D988205F6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-36.933334">36°56'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1 female, under old house debris, during the night, L. Monteiro col., 30 October 2014, ref. L72 (MNRJ 6931); 1 female, under tree bark, during the day, C. S. Fukushima col., 30 October 2014, ref. C599 (MNRJ 6932); 1 female, near
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<normalizedToken id="3E1B11F0CD7D217186B6275F696EE830" originalValue="Carnaúba">Carnauba</normalizedToken>
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trees, during the day, K. C. T. Riciluca col., 26 March 2014, ref. K137 (MNRJ 6933); 1 female, in a vacated old house during the night, C. S. Fukushima col., 23 March 2014, ref. C163 (MNRJ 6934); 1 male, under roof tiles, C. S. Fukushima col., 23 March 2014, ref. C167g (MNRJ 6935); 1 male, under roof tiles, C. S. Fukushima col., 23 March 2014, ref. C167o (MNRJ 6936); 1 male, under roof tiles, C. S. Fukushima col., 30 October 2014, ref. C631 (MNRJ 6937); 1 male, in fallen
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<normalizedToken id="85111EA59AB6E463DBA7CF86295CF668" originalValue="Carnaúba">Carnauba</normalizedToken>
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tree, during the night, N. M.
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<normalizedToken id="442FDCE876BEBD11458801380012DE85" originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
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col., 25 March 2014, ref. N186 (MNRJ 6938); 1 male, under roof tiles, during the night, C. S. Fukushima col., 23 March 2014, ref.
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<pageBreakToken id="A883EB6E3EB13C8337639B0BFECF85B2" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" start="start">XXXI</pageBreakToken>
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(MNRJ 6939); 1 female, K. C. T. Riciluca col., March 2014, ref. K133 (MNRJ 7305); Martins (
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<geoCoordinate id="8C931D3BDB830B37A11772950CFA81FE" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.0666666">6°04'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="3364E7BC832CCAE6315F7D2322F29764" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-37.9">37°54'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1 female, Mirante-Casa de Pedra cave track, during the night, C. S. Fukushima col., 20 March 2014, ref. C144 (MNRJ 6940); 1 female, near Casa de Pedra cave, during the day, N. M.
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<normalizedToken id="4C3F2E56B0B03135110D399C128A2599" originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
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col., 19 March 2014, ref.
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<pageBreakToken id="B1398D4128A93543036C9DF3E30B8D2F" pageId="3" pageNumber="70" start="start">N</pageBreakToken>
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81 (MNRJ 6941); 1 female, Mirante-Casa de Pedra cave track, during the day, N. M.
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<normalizedToken id="90DF7EF1079367BCFA33A0019AF9CDD6" originalValue="Gonçalves">Goncalves</normalizedToken>
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col., 20 March 2014, ref. N91 (MNRJ 6942); 1 female, under fallen tree, near grange of Sr. Clesinho, during the day, A. P. L. Giupponi col., 23 October 2014, ref. A132 (MNRJ 6943), 1 female, near Casa de Pedra cave, under rock, during
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<pageBreakToken id="C8E009AA2ED426478E8B2F867CFCCD5E" pageId="4" pageNumber="71" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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night, C. S. Fukushima col., 23 October 2014, ref. C495 (MNRJ 6944); 1 male, in a ravine near Casa de Pedra cave, during the night, K. C. T. Riciluca col., 19 March 2014, ref. K59 (MNRJ 6945); 1 male, near Casa de Pedra cave, during the day, C. S. Fukushima col., 19 March 2014, ref. C103 (MNRJ 6946); 1 male, in a ravine, C. S. Fukushima col., 19 March 2014, ref. C116 (MNRJ 6947); 1 female, near Casa de Pedra cave, C. S. Fukushima col., 23 October 2014, ref. C497; 1 male, Mirante-Casa de Pedra cave track, C. S. Fukushima col., 20 March 2014, ref. C148 (MNRJ 7306);
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<normalizedToken id="DBE246FCA5744F8291A99E89740AEF3C" originalValue="Macaíba">Macaiba</normalizedToken>
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, Escola
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<normalizedToken id="62FA02BC5D0A363E08FA4944332520F2" originalValue="Agrícola">Agricola</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken id="58A3E124D2DA20839E7BF4A59AB22441" originalValue="Jundiaí">Jundiai</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="A2C131DFD0FCAA7C0160DEC5C3E72DE5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.883333">5°53'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="AFA0F63015E06699E4E6618E58C03214" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-35.35">35°21'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1 male (MNRJ 6948) and 1 female (MNRJ 6949), in a tree trunk during the night, C. S. Fukushima and W. Pes
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<pageBreakToken id="96417E29C785D33C5AF8F9A278586929" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" start="start">soa</pageBreakToken>
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col., 13 September 2013 (ref. AV046, AV047, respectively);
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<normalizedToken id="D154AA5B7AE273F021FF9C616D69822E" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
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, Santa
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<normalizedToken id="95F49F3193C3C47F4B4CFBB1EBA20CBF" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="D005F8179BCFDBD1E01A545346AF88A9" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.3166666">4°19'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1C4B2042690BAC3A334D4A65A313BA7A" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-40.15">40°09'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 1 male and 1 immature male, D. R. Pedroso col., 3-12 February 2014 (MNRJ 6950); 1 male, 1 female and 9 immatures, Gruta W13,
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<normalizedToken id="2066BCFD6187228BC13F3EB47DFC65F2" originalValue="SAD’">SAD'</normalizedToken>
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69, Camp 1, F. Pellegatti & D. R. Pedroso col., 3-13 February 2014 (MNRJ 6952).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CCDCD370A0C95DAE6BE4CA1E2C8D0BD1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="150DD33167D056894E9E6404624F58F0" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="11B9849702E8568559EB0A9EB80E3F71" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="5" pageNumber="72">
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Males of
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<taxonomicName id="FE4C96D3E1AEA45331009ABB0C705FF3" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
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resemble those of
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<taxonomicName id="FD25D2178547C4CDD760C453A6925143" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles rufescens" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">Loxosceles rufescens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4D5485A115227F8866F3ECEABF3DC616" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles bentejui" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bentejui">Loxosceles bentejui</taxonomicName>
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Planas & Ribera, 2015,
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<taxonomicName id="0A6BD01A8D14530ACB5FECBB3F31757F" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles foutadjalloni" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foutadjalloni">Loxosceles foutadjalloni</taxonomicName>
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Millot, 1941,
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<taxonomicName id="B1316B4E2B6ABC64997C986D18233476" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles guayota" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayota">Loxosceles guayota</taxonomicName>
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Planas & Ribera, 2015,
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<taxonomicName id="C5DB104AC3F90F2521F79704A48EC701" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles hupalupa" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hupalupa">Loxosceles hupalupa</taxonomicName>
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Planas & Ribera, 2015,
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<taxonomicName id="69ED8DBFD91A5FD2440F6EA425F41060" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles lacta" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacta">Loxosceles lacta</taxonomicName>
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Wang, 1994,
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<taxonomicName id="34B79BACFD853BDEB37F33074480BD41" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles mahan" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mahan">Loxosceles mahan</taxonomicName>
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Planas & Ribera, 2015,
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<taxonomicName id="E178B74A420C2A2EA48780C3B30CC2F1" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles tazarte" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tazarte">Loxosceles tazarte</taxonomicName>
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Planas & Ribera, 2015,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A62D923EB2462F17111CB04F5A894E9B" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles tibicena" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibicena">Loxosceles tibicena</taxonomicName>
|
||
Planas & Ribera, 2015,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45F7E0062311CEEA0A3B6BCEAFCFFF7F" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles willianilsoni" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willianilsoni">Loxosceles willianilsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32318CBBD5FF49FBC85D129D16CC8737" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles muriciensis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muriciensis">Loxosceles muriciensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. by incrassated palpal tibia, longer than cymbium (Figs 1-2). They differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D20A807B4A70D346E1595A5761C0AFA" lsidName="L. hupalupa" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="hupalupa">L. hupalupa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21508F6726D99225AFCCB7715E02E0E9" lsidName="L. mahan" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="mahan">L. mahan</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A08C22ADC6B3299DD3A7DB0965C38456" lsidName="L. tazarte" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="tazarte">L. tazarte</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having shorter embolus (Figs 1-2), and entire pars cephalica as well as carapace border dark brown (Fig. 14), best seen in live specimens. From those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD840DCC759F6BC4BC8ACC8FA26DDC1C" lsidName="L. rufescens" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="rufescens">L. rufescens</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="730D72E3953348BDF3442EA159F82DF0" lsidName="L. bentejui" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="bentejui">L. bentejui</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0C0E7F8966F2F4C4E0DF778155D459B9" lsidName="L. foutadjalloni" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="foutadjalloni">L. foutadjalloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF08B868D5F62ADBAD12A8FF77D137F2" lsidName="L. guayota" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="guayota">L. guayota</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F04A06112D7C80F073D52E2474763607" lsidName="L. lacta" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="lacta">L. lacta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADC6CE187F52C891C52289A9D5B38BBC" lsidName="L. tibicena" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="tibicena">L. tibicena</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3786A375BD2BB71BA1CBC02AA8FEA497" lsidName="L. willianilsoni" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="willianilsoni">L. willianilsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7CE592AC7D850746885A91E7BCE9849" lsidName="L. muriciensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="muriciensis">L. muriciensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., they can be distinguished by having embolus with a mild retrolateral curvature along its length (Fig. 11). Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DD68229F762CF46660B919D897DCD26" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E37A980DF0D05BAFB66DBD93D901F94" lsidName="L. rufescens" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="rufescens">L. rufescens</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5BECCDCB503571C38D61866C6D5D2987" lsidName="L. bentejui" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="bentejui">L. bentejui</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D03EAE5DF1E7FDEB018C65CEC1C84FE" lsidName="L. foutadjalloni" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="foutadjalloni">L. foutadjalloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8DED9CE56C98B76041B11EEC5C582484" lsidName="L. hupalupa" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="hupalupa">L. hupalupa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="767127557796CB466735A23161C21CB5" lsidName="L. lacta" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="lacta">L. lacta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="43476BB8399BCA889E8E4561966F79C8" lsidName="L. mahan" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="mahan">L. mahan</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7539A47D116EAED58AC73F4E671FC1B" lsidName="L. tazarte" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="tazarte">L. tazarte</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6787A7FFFC9CA96CCECC4C7E34DDD6C4" lsidName="L. tibicena" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="tibicena">L. tibicena</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7467D4ED2A083B0405DF32566D2FCB29" lsidName="L. willianilsoni" pageId="5" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="willianilsoni">L. willianilsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3431CDB8DC7F8927331C9EF564123C95" lsidName="L. muriciensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="muriciensis">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="7E2703860513A4DDECAA20A42B38CE4F" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" start="start">L</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. muriciensis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. by having spermathecae with large seminal receptacles and dark sclerotized lateral bands (Fig. 26). Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E55D53CCE482881A3CE309F1F382783B" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all these species by a cluster of globular lobes on apex of seminal receptacles (Figs 26-31). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FD3DBEDB5E3B5A5A6D305E6263B8B4A0" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
males and females can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BA34AE8A25448ECAEC7696D034009FF" lsidName="L. mahan" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="mahan">L. mahan</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66AC3755DC74E07C2503BAAD2FCBAFB0" lsidName="L. tazarte" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="tazarte">L. tazarte</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="596B9889E7574F95F0E1AB65DA25497D" lsidName="L. bentejui" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="bentejui">L. bentejui</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="426F9E7B0970544B326D716A6E1E510A" lsidName="L. guayota" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="guayota">L. guayota</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F8FEDC8FDE7B7B63A15997CF1FE2FD2F" lsidName="L. tibicena" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="tibicena">L. tibicena</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBDEDDB030E9AC03AFBB8859C1AC0260" lsidName="L. hupalupa" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="hupalupa">L. hupalupa</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking a conspicuous dark V-mark posteriorly on pars cephalica.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2CD78FB3C6343AE969E910B584DCC716" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="30B09F75802DA8A4B02D987E6A54E4E4" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="48F92CA4B3731A4587075F9E2788470A" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Despite its specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBCB50F76117001C867E0E71497AE73C" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens were found in areas covered by caatinga (Figs 36-47), a semi-arid vegetation found in northeastern Brazil (Fig. 78). At FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="99AB0DB7A50864D7878DAA9CCA51A993" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, specimens were found under rocks and tree bark, and also under or inside fallen trees, especially
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E9B6B6E837A891D1F568A479AFE8E582" originalValue="carnaúbas">carnaubas</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4478AB527CAA2A2A597BACBC5F1621A2" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Copernicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Copernicia prunifera" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prunifera">Copernicia prunifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
Miller) (Figs 36-39). They were also found at vacant old houses inside an area of conservation unit, and under house debris near the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="04D197E509BEAFC7CA73607B1731B50F" originalValue="FLONA’s">FLONA's</normalizedToken>
|
||
base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="41DD07398363C9EA9D9BDEE8DA0D0A6D" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">
|
||
The ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="35F7478CA4250750446D184AFBA84D52" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
is located on a sui generis region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte characterized by a hyper-xerophilous, arboreal-shrubby caatinga, with irregular precipitation of 500 to 800 mm/year (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8223D98ABE01F14FE9C76BD375341A1C" pageId="6" pageNumber="73">Varella-Freire 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EF7140F70AB4BCC5AB01A1694068C17" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found throughout different landscapes of the ESEC (Figs 40-43). They were found under rocks and tree bark in shaded areas (Fig. 44), inside termite nests (Fig. 47) or cracks of rocky outcrops (Fig. 45), under fallen trees (Fig. 46) or under house debris near
|
||
<normalizedToken id="66012CAD5855E0F47CBA2BC18D7FD21D" originalValue="ESEC’s">ESEC's</normalizedToken>
|
||
base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56B4077B42414380A80F69E5AD56458C" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="46E1538CAE22834BD066D5388FDD0C64" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" start="start">Specimens</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="38118AF59522D3C91DF39743CA55943F" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
were also found in Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, "a brejo de altitude" region, i.e. an area covered by humid forest surrounded by arid caatinga (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BBC3311369B9127AC133A972275E2E9C" author="Pereira, Filho GA" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="20" pageNumber="87" pagination="145 - 151" title="Check list of snakes from the Brejos de Altitude of Paraiba and Pernambuco, Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032011000300011" volume="11" year="2011">Pereira Filho and Montingelli 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), usually over mountains and hillsides with an elevation of more than 500 m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3DE445DE6F79471C19022F6FB0CB9CE1" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Ruiz-Esparza 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and that receives more than 1,200 mm of orographic rains (Prado 2003, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="78262F762F4227482EB4F2263ACED2A1" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Ruiz-Esparza 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We found specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="628AC061928CDC5005353D4CF6D8C162" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
in ravines near the town (Fig. 48), in a trail on the top on the hill (Fig. 49) and under old house debris close to more humid and higher areas (about 700 m a.s.l.) (Fig. 50), as well as under rocks and tree bark near Casa de Pedra cave, in a lower region with caatinga vegetation (about 300 m a.s.l.) (Fig. 51). No specimens were found inside Casa de Pedra cave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DAF69B683D578803A8160C22FBCDD3E0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="7" pageNumber="74" type="spermatheca variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="BD22B598A2DE875D612717B2E73F8470" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">Spermatheca variation</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DBCAEE36D00B13BC05F4F1C622A5B818" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="7" pageNumber="74">
|
||
(see Fig. 79). Specimens vary in number and size of globular lobes on spermatheca apex and seminal receptacles proportions. Specimens from Martins and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="37C501B2CEFF36230FE193CD828B9041" originalValue="Macaíba">Macaiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (Figs 26 and 31, respectively),
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B2F876351739286EF08A636DC0056B10" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Raimundo Nonato, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E6EC4B59EBD38371020B120BFB3DC8AB" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig. 27) and Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E4F68A85A8D3917D06880AFFDF33C4E0" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C1C34A9DF4B9B3495AA992B7C8A782E8" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig. 30) have three to six lobes in each spermatheca, more or less similar in size. The seminal receptacles of specimens of these areas are slightly short and trapezoid. On the other hand, specimens of ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="00AAB00B0A0CBF5E27F37A8E04C46BBA" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
and FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AB3A3CA7AD5F4BA207D2BD0A48C6F70F" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, both in the state
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="28197C1F40DA3547786E072C5EAA59C6" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Rio Grande do Norte (Figs 28 and 29, respectively) have four to five lobes, usually one of them larger than the others. The seminal receptacles are slightly longer, with a triangular shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C39810DF717A9192CAB687DFFE93463F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">
|
||
It is not clear how these genitalic traits vary along the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A9C58786FB2296D629BDD3B244390044" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
or if these variations reflect a higher diversity in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E19C108D1CBCBFA3343D285A47FBE92" lsidName="amazonica" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="amazonica">amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineage. Variation in the morphology of palps and spermatheca of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFA99A4E1AB17E11D86521783CC4F938" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxosceles</taxonomicName>
|
||
species has already been noted, such as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1893583C8F3D9AD01A42B76DE810B8C4" lsidName="L. rufescens" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="rufescens">L. rufescens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40CC90D3C838AE32BF65D8837D879CA2" author="Brignoli, PM" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Entomologica" pageId="19" pageNumber="86" pagination="121 - 166" title="Note sugli Scytodidae d'Italia e Malta (Araneae)." volume="6" year="1969">Brignoli 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD75D23B93D4157686547C61731E3816" author="Duncan, RP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="19" pageNumber="86" pagination="234 - 248" title="Diversity of Loxosceles spiders in northwestern Africa and molecular support for cryptic species in the Loxoscelesrufescens lineage." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.11.026" volume="55" year="2010">Duncan et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recovered a monophyletic group of specimens that morphologically resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="905694B751B8677FA5F7995E12EDAD2E" lsidName="L. rufescens" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="rufescens">L. rufescens</taxonomicName>
|
||
, within which there are divergent clusters of specimens and populations, but with genetic
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="ADBA8E7150ED1F5CBE703DDFF521A75E" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" start="start">distances</pageBreakToken>
|
||
high enough to be considered as cryptic species. In the same way, the slight morphological variations in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3AD18BDCAD57B754CC5A122A2E32FA1" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
could correspond to separated species, only detectable through a molecular approach, which was beyond the scope of this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1B31A435CD77C042FC258B58B96AF94A" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="6E53AC1AF941A537D2F3A55A9A03443C" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 1-6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="487D55ECA989A25585B9FE374FFA9A17" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male palpal bulbs. 1-2 Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F82408D1C1294B459DEEF7170344BD62" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6928, ref. Ser 7), left palp. 1 retrolateral 2 prolateral 3-4
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B41D7D6886F44BA08FFEAD6055D72DBC" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D3F6D4853A095D4D92C0D4A7AFFF68C1" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6939), left palp 3 retrolateral 4 prolateral 5-6 Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 7306), right palp (mirrored) 5 retrolateral 6 prolateral. Scale bars: 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="2405F004246F837E35796E5EB33ACA51" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F1D0AABB7C372196C577DD170D9EEBF" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 7-13.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D978173B0F25B8D9770713EE7DB93FEA" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male palpal bulbs, left palp. 7-8 Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7479CC9BAB3792BAD2298683525EF268" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="17C7D2DD95A8000B8B8B828C3508D490" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6950) 7 retrolateral 8 prolateral 9-10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9595C9DC054C0D6D189CA3F0B9FE8219" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Raimundo Nonato, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DF7DF20CA9C393FC0837811B171245E9" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6927, ref. GSB11A-17) 9 retrolateral 10 prolateral. 11-13 dorsal 11
|
||
<normalizedToken id="75857A0FDEABA48F7C645652799AB53E" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0B6DFF222233826348A74528D2A9D045" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6936) 12 Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A091788EA7CC327FE5D4D395E3B46075" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6928, ref. Ser 7) 13 Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="064C09795EEC069ED8D10A2A8E904D5A" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DF42BDDCE21EE450F8A9356F1FD37FA3" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6950). Scale bars: 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="79C2F653A42F2BB33913ADC4B5B46827" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="6603D53E89A9066ED020CA013D2086A4" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 14-17.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C82D9825F400D83AECA1E370FA475472" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male carapace. 14-15
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BF5AF76DD796CD76B1867A404F6A6875" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E54126988544E039BE8D12A645AF0EC4" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 14 MNRJ 6935 15 MNRJ 6936 16 Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9864BE899E4D5C5040F31F1349387ED6" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6928, ref. Ser 7) 17 Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6947). Scale bars: 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D70D475375A63C34602936C473CB85B3" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="536DE08855F9096ED2FB52DD70D3B12B" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 18-21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3E542CC0AD1AA74583289ECCE524FC2B" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, carapace. 18-19 Male 18
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BD3053ACA6635726330A4F6FFA74B63" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Raimundo Nonato, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BC2EEA3A0EF96A43591AC65D1C51B426" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6927, ref. GSB11A-17) 19 Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A8144D5A22F1AD27E94A4A12D8D925E" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0A949222D8074FD127ABE80BECA6027C" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6950) 20-21 Female 20 holotype, Santa Isabel, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil (AMNH) 21
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7B220BCAF12A0AACCAA9BCD3D0AE5724" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD791ECB74AC9A67E5370CEC68D4E988" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 7305). Scale bars: 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E7D3C2A0D07FA9B2F468B466CEE98C37" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="94C9D436945CC8096BA32064304CE525" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 22-25.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D467BF4A2438BCC80D73487F9AD8B6B9" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, carapace, female. 22 Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 7304) 23 Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="796358082F079457EF8607F4187601AD" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6928, ref. Ser 8) 24 Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="21B57DA391263027AB2779F58F277C34" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FE84E51ED6EAD0EB50E8D7171BED1144" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6952) 25
|
||
<normalizedToken id="420F38A364AA676BEF124787A2588CF7" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Raimundo Nonato, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B5323AD7491BF4F94A903E7AD9A81F2B" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6927, ref. GSB11A-17). Scale bars: 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7A17CF6BD53B84FEDB29212628127D36" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="6D6B0B512C885723E4B605FD7F3DBEC5" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 26-31.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F9ECDC1B9B1FE3B19ED4F8A5ABE89A7" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, seminal receptacles. 26 Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6942) 27
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D9D45CC23442076155E27DB8835BCB8A" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Raimundo Nonato, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A597DA82F35BE032B2B0FBC49F9B2CC1" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6927, ref. GSB11A-17) 28 Serra Negra do Norte, ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1FB8995696D98D554F87AE48A030F24B" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6928, ref. Ser 8) 29
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6A57F99831396369C0B8A13168CF1482" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E4E8FF151E1FEF97937BFAD897FCB6A7" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6931) 30 Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0C44B3D04CA225BECCF9AA931E6B4C02" originalValue="Quitéria">Quiteria</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B6F70AAFE60DA8BB8A222FB7BF70779E" originalValue="Ceará">Ceara</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil (MNRJ 6952) 31
|
||
<normalizedToken id="46D5030A7A34FDDA794359F9C36E97AA" originalValue="Macaíba">Macaiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6949). Scale bars: 27-29 1 mm; 26, 30-31 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="692CEFB2E3FC2D0F639990219E39800F" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="2AD998A04361960EB2674F58EBCE7831" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 32-35.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FC48947EC4D577ACDCE175033C0008F5" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus. 32-34 Female 32 Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 33
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8C7BE8D7B0FE7A095ACE476F9F9F67CE" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EDB2042999552A2DA1222B2CCD8D6A21" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 34
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B1564CD3AF96080429C2EE3B389DE2EE" originalValue="Macaíba">Macaiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 35 Male.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BE445ABB628D8AFAD4E9E1CDF536C235" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BECC9F57BB7BA62B9EEA06737A6DDA62" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (MNRJ 6936). Photos C. S. Fukushima.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="A84C1B7424E4454E3CB43AC68EA9F864" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="49781C16EAAC8E473116DAD44CE9A3E5" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 36-39.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="798F52D5E7FA69F804A6882B46AB9A67" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
habitats in FLONA de
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FCEBB2E87FCBFD6CB790761E7F001A9B" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F1E5E02EDBA9F287506D45964E5722E7" originalValue="Açu">Acu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 36
|
||
<normalizedToken id="610CC727F1F70858B4E6738DBE83D763" originalValue="Carnaúba">Carnauba</normalizedToken>
|
||
trees 37 fallen
|
||
<normalizedToken id="90D9E9D5566EA9FAADD27379A332003A" originalValue="Carnaúba">Carnauba</normalizedToken>
|
||
tree, in detail web of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="119890EB3726ED26D8352009EC9F4243" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
38 caatinga vegetation in rainy season 39 caatinga vegetation in dry season. Photos C. S. Fukushima.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5C71F5867AA4D965B2A555B654CB4106" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="83E929E44B0F6BE3ECD88CFC556C7D71" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 40-47.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE7806CA3BB0F5D5BF5AC21F45007115" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
habitats in ESEC
|
||
<normalizedToken id="386EABAA16018D25BF7D4E5454DCAB22" originalValue="Seridó">Serido</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Serra Negra do Norte, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. 40 large rocky outcrops 41 hyper-xerophilous, arboreal-shrubby caatinga in rainy season 42 dry temporary lagoon 43 grass areas over neosoil 44 fallen dead tree trunk in shaded area 45 small rocky outcrops 46 web of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B7A48D487CBA9695733AFF7E87579A8" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
inside rotten tree trunk 47 web of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08BCE292BE99888818D18A94BB3288DA" lsidName="L. amazonica" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species" species="amazonica">L. amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
inside termite nest. Photos C. S. Fukushima.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5FA2373E46A6DD9BA28EE14C69C2604C" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="40FFAC80D19F46B10D38C5ACCC3414E1" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Figures 48-51.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F302FEAD9A7927FBF53186A199E7DBD" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxosceles amazonica" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amazonica">Loxosceles amazonica</taxonomicName>
|
||
habitats in Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 48 ravine in a humid area near town 49 under rocks at Mirante-Casa de Pedra cave trail 50 under debris of old house in rural area 51 in caatinga vegetation close to Casa de Pedra cave. Photos C. S. Fukushima.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |