392 lines
57 KiB
XML
392 lines
57 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FB84A3F04F9CDE84113FBA82D6BEADD1">A revision of Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) from the late Eocene Florissant Formation Colorado, with description of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="F80887C32D93CBA9805333A8BFE1A94E">Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 960022, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="98913F8B8BE0AC9FB46B571C02B5540C">Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX 1 3 AN, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5FD70BB3C3B05E9E6ABD2338EB66AFD0">Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V 5 A 1 S 6, Canada sba 48 @ sfu. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4397 - 2497 & Museum of Comparative Zoology, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, United States of America & Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville Street, Victoria, British Columbia, V 8 W 9 W 2, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="45C544A67B5636225BABDE28CBA1C2E6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCCFFC0E292A1B4CC007786" ID-CoL="7CQMC" authority="Scudder, 1890" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,576,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
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<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCCFFC0E292A1B4CC007786" bold="true" box="[151,576,978,1005]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
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<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCCFFC0E292A1B4CFCA7786" bold="true" box="[151,394,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Tribochrysa firmata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCCFFC0E394A1B4CC007786" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[401,576,978,1004]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="25603698FFCCFFC0E292A191CF54707B" blockId="34.[151,576,978,1041]" box="[151,276,1015,1041]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
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<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCCFFC0E292A191CF54707B" box="[151,276,1015,1041]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 24" captionStart-1="FIGURE 25" captionStart-2="FIGURE 26" captionStart-3="FIGURE 27" captionStart-4="FIGURE 28" captionStartId-0="34.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionStartId-1="35.[151,250,1746,1770]" captionStartId-2="36.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionStartId-3="37.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionStartId-4="38.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,1065,1923]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1427,552,1713]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,921,1779]" captionTargetBox-3="[163,1422,397,1756]" captionTargetBox-4="[159,1431,931,1827]" captionTargetId-0="figure-345@34.[151,1436,1065,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure-179@35.[151,1436,538,1723]" captionTargetId-2="figure-324@36.[151,1436,921,1779]" captionTargetId-3="figure-105@37.[151,1436,381,1770]" captionTargetId-4="figure-373@38.[151,1436,921,1833]" captionTargetPageId-0="34" captionTargetPageId-1="35" captionTargetPageId-2="36" captionTargetPageId-3="37" captionTargetPageId-4="38" captionText-0="FIGURE 24. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, lectotype MCZ 241. Scale bar = 3 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 25. Wing venation drawings of Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, lectotype MCZ 242. A, right forewing; B, right hind wings; C, left hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale)." captionText-2="FIGURE 26. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, paralectotype MCZ 4127, specimen in vental aspect. S8, S9, eigth, ninth sternites. Scale bar = 3 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 27. Wing venation drawings of Palaeochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, paralectotype MCZ 4127. A, left forewing; B, right forewing; C, left hind wings; D, right hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale)." captionText-4="FIGURE 28. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890. Wing venation of the paralectotype MCZ 4127; fore- and hind wing drawings combined from left and right wings (dotted lines show poorly or reconstructed vein fragments; fused veins in red).A, forewing; B, hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (both to scale)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522511" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522513" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522515" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522517" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522521" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6522511/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6522513/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6522515/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/6522517/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/6522521/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Figs 24–28</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="71A06610FFCCFFC0E292A5FCCA6373D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522511" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522511" box="[151,1059,1946,1971]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522511/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" startId="34.[151,250,1946,1970]" targetBox="[151,1436,1065,1923]" targetPageId="34">
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<paragraph id="25603698FFCCFFC0E292A5FCCA6373D8" blockId="34.[151,1059,1946,1971]" box="[151,1059,1946,1971]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
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<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCCFFC0E292A5FCCF5973D8" bold="true" box="[151,281,1946,1970]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">FIGURE 24</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCCFFC0E323A5FCCCCB73D9" authority="Scudder, 1890" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[294,651,1946,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
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<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCCFFC0E323A5FCCFB273D8" box="[294,498,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Tribochrysa firmata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCCFFC0E3FDA5FCCCCB73D9" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[504,651,1946,1971]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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, lectotype MCZ 241. Scale bar = 3 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="6DC56513FFCDFFC1E292A2F1CCB87543" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E292A2F1CC6F74C5" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[151,559,151,175]" page="169" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1890">
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<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E292A2F1CC6F74C5" ID-CoL="7CQMC" authority="Scudder, 1890: 169" authorityName="Scudder" authorityPageNumber="169" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,559,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
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<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E292A2F1CF2374C5" box="[151,355,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Tribochrysa firmata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E36CA2F1CC6F74C5" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[361,559,151,175]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890: 169</bibRefCitation>
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, 171, 172, Pl. 14,
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<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCDFFC1E0E2A2F1CD6774C5" box="[743,807,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1614,1638]" captionTargetBox="[162,1421,185,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[151,1436,181,1590]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Wing venation drawings of Archaeochrysa sp., specimen NHM.I.26921. A, right forewing; B, right hind wing; C, left forewing. Veins that cannot be assigned to the right fore- or hind wings are shown by dotted lines. Scale bars = 3 mm (all to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522465/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCDFFC1E137A2F1CD0074C4" box="[818,832,151,174]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-54@11.[151,1436,273,1372]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dyspetochrysa vetuscula (Scudder, 1890), holotype MCZ 245. A, photograph; B, drawing of left forewing; C. right forewing. MCZ 245 image courtesy of the MCZ, Harvard University, © President and Fellows of Harvard College. Scale bars = 3 mm (B, C to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522471/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCDFFC1E14EA2F1CD2674C5" box="[843,870,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1360]" captionTargetId="figure-110@15.[151,1436,381,1360]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 10. Cimbrochrysa major sp. nov., holotype FLFO 9819 (female) as preserved. A, part (photograph taken with a polarized filter); B, counterpart; C, anterior part of body (ventral view); D, distal part of abdomen (ventral view). e, eye; gx9, gonocoxites 9; S7, seventh sternite; sc, scapus; sp, spermatheca; spd, spermathecal duct. Scale bars = 3 mm (A–C), 2 mm (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522481/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCDFFC1E174A2F1CDCC74C5" box="[881,908,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[163,1419,192,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[155,1432,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Wing venation drawings of Cimbrochrysa major sp. nov., holotype FLFO 9819 (female). A, left forewing; B, right forewing; C, right hind wings; D, left hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522483" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522483/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">11</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E192A2F1CA1974C5" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[919,1113,151,175]" page="380" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1891">
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<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E192A2F1CA1974C5" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[919,1113,151,175]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="1 - 744" refId="ref25760" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1891) Index to the known fossil insects of the world including myriapods and arachnids. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, 71, 1 - 744. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 34455" type="journal article" year="1891">Scudder 1891: 380</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Handlirsch 1906–1908 [1907]: 909;
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<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E2F8A2D3CF9474A7" author="Carpenter, F. M." box="[253,468,181,205]" page="267" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1935">
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<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E2F8A2D3CF9474A7" author="Carpenter, F. M." box="[253,468,181,205]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="259 - 271" refId="ref22778" refString="Carpenter, F. M. (1935) Tertiary insects of the family Chrysopidae. Journal of Paleontology, 9, 259 - 271." type="journal article" year="1935">Carpenter 1935: 267</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCDFFC1E3E4A2D3CC5F74A7" box="[481,543,181,205]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[160,1423,928,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-358@4.[151,1436,921,1848]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Wing venation drawings of Archaeochrysa paranervis Adams, 1967, holotype UCM 4419. A, forewing; B, hind wing (fused veins in red). Scale bar = 3 mm (both to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522455" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522455/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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[inadvertently transposed as
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCDFFC1E155A2D3CDD074A7" box="[848,912,181,205]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-54@11.[151,1436,273,1372]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dyspetochrysa vetuscula (Scudder, 1890), holotype MCZ 245. A, photograph; B, drawing of left forewing; C. right forewing. MCZ 245 image courtesy of the MCZ, Harvard University, © President and Fellows of Harvard College. Scale bars = 3 mm (B, C to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522471/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
];
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E1A0A2D3CA2074A7" author="Adams, P. A." box="[933,1120,181,205]" page="232" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E1A0A2D3CA2074A7" author="Adams, P. A." box="[933,1120,181,205]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="215 - 238" refId="ref21987" refString="Adams, P. A. (1967) A review of the Mesochrysinae and Nothochrysinae (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 135, 215 - 238." type="journal article" year="1967">Adams 1967: 232</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E668A2D3CB7674A7" author="Schluter, T." box="[1133,1334,181,205]" page="261" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E668A2D3CB7674A7" author="Schluter, T." box="[1133,1334,181,205]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="257 - 264" refId="ref25389" refString="Schluter, T. (1982) Cimbrochrysa moleriensis n. g. n. sp. und Hypochrysa hercyniensis n. sp., zwei fossile Chrysopidae-Arten (Insecta: Planipennia) aus dem europaischen Tertiar. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte, 5, 257 - 264. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / njgpm / 1982 / 1982 / 257" type="journal article" year="1982">Schlüter 1982: 261</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Schlüter, 1984: 4;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E325A2B2CCC97486" author="Martins-Neto, R. G. & Vulcano, M. A." box="[288,649,212,236]" page="189" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E325A2B2CCC97486" author="Martins-Neto, R. G. & Vulcano, M. A." box="[288,649,212,236]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="189 - 201" refId="ref24601" refString="Martins-Neto, R. G. & Vulcano, M. A. (1989) Neuropteros (Insecta: Planipennia) da Formacao Santana (Cretaceo Inferior), Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil. I - Familia Chrysopidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 60, 189 - 201. [for 1988]" type="journal article" year="1989">Martins-Neto & Vulcano 1989: 189</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 190;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E0C3A2B2CDFF7486" author="Semeria, Y. & Nel, A." box="[710,959,212,236]" page="31" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E0C3A2B2CDFF7486" author="Semeria, Y. & Nel, A." box="[710,959,212,236]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="27 - 32" refId="ref25886" refString="Semeria, Y. & Nel, A. (1990) Paleochrysopa monteilsensis gen. et sp. nov., a new fossil of Chrysopidae from the Upper Eocene Formation of Monteils (France), with a review of the known chrysopid fossils (Insecta: Neuroptera). In: Mansell, M. W. & Aspock, H. (Eds.), Advances in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Neuropterology (Berg in Dal, Kruger National Park, 1988). South African Department of Agricultural Development, Pretoria, pp. 27 - 32." type="book chapter" year="1990">Séméria & Nel 1990: 31</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E1CDA2B2CADB7486" author="Willmann, R." box="[968,1179,212,236]" page="244" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1993">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E1CDA2B2CADB7486" author="Willmann, R." box="[968,1179,212,236]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="239 - 245" refId="ref26238" refString="Willmann, R. (1993) Insekten aus der Fur-Formation von Danemark (Moler, ob. Paleozan / unt. Eozan?). 8. Zwei neue Vertreter der Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte, 4, 239 - 245. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / njgpm / 1993 / 1993 / 239" type="journal article" year="1993">Willmann 1993: 244</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E6A0A2B2CB157486" author="Meyer, H. W." box="[1189,1365,212,236]" page="208" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E6A0A2B2CB157486" author="Meyer, H. W." box="[1189,1365,212,236]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" refId="ref24711" refString="Meyer, H. W. (2003) The Fossils of Florissant. Smithsonian Books, Washington, 258 pp." type="book" year="2003">Meyer 2003: 208</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E75AA2B2CF047561" author="Nel, A. & Delclos, X. & Hutin, A." page="67" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E75AA2B2CF047561" author="Nel, A. & Delclos, X. & Hutin, A." pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="29 - 68" refId="ref24759" refString="Nel, A., Delclos, X. & Hutin, A. (2005) Mesozoic chrysopid-like Planippenia: a phylogenetic approach (Insecta: Neuroptera). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 41, 29 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2005.10697440" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Nel
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E78FA2B3CEA27561" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005: 67
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E34BA295CCE47561" author="Makarkin, V. N. & Archibald, S. B." box="[334,676,243,267]" page="143" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E34BA295CCE47561" author="Makarkin, V. N. & Archibald, S. B." box="[334,676,243,267]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="123 - 146" refId="ref24341" refString="Makarkin, V. N. & Archibald, S. B. (2013) A diverse new assemblage of green lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from the Early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America. Journal of Paleontology, 87, 123 - 146. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 12 - 052 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2013">Makarkin & Archibald 2013: 143</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E0A8A295CA457561" author="Archibald, S. B. & Makarkin, V. N." box="[685,1029,242,267]" page="361" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E0A8A295CA457561" author="Archibald, S. B. & Makarkin, V. N." box="[685,1029,242,267]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="359 - 369" refId="ref22418" refString="Archibald, S. B. & Makarkin, V. N. (2015) A new species of Archaeochrysa Adams (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from the Early Eocene of Driftwood Canyon, British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Entomologist, 147, 359 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / tce. 2014.53" type="journal article" year="2015">Archibald & Makarkin 2015: 361</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCDFFC1E292A377CCB87543" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,297]" box="[151,760,273,297]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="05CF11B6FFCDFFC1E292A377CCB87543" box="[151,760,273,297]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E292A377CF197543" authorityName="Adams, 1957" box="[151,345,273,297]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Paleochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fracta">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E292A377CF197543" box="[151,345,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Paleochrysa fracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E362A374CFCD7543" box="[359,397,274,297]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">non</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E391A377CC7A7543" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[404,570,273,297]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="714 - 724" refId="ref23258" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1914) New and little-known insects from the Miocene of Florissant, Colorado. Journal of Geology, 22, 714 - 724. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 622186" type="journal article" year="1914">Cockerell, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A47E1089FFCDFFC1E04FA377CCB47543" author="Adams, P. A." box="[586,756,273,297]" page="71" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" year="1957">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E04FA377CCB47543" author="Adams, P. A." box="[586,756,273,297]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="67 - 74" refId="ref21927" refString="Adams, P. A. (1957) A new genus and new species of Chrysopidae from the western United States, with remarks on the wing venation of the family (Neuroptera). Psyche, 63, 67 - 74. [for 1976] https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1956 / 47287" type="journal article" year="1957">Adams 1957: 71</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DC56513FFCDFFC6E292A33ECCE17493" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCDFFC1E292A33ECC8F7668" blockId="35.[151,1436,343,514]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E292A33ECF04751B" bold="true" box="[151,324,343,370]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFCDFFC1E34FA33ECFFA7518" box="[330,442,344,370]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(designated here): MCZ 241 (Scudder’s no. 670). A complete specimen preserved in dorsal aspect; left wings crumpled. Verbatim label data [typed]: (1) “Mus. Comparative Zoölogy, Cambridge / No. 241/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E292A3F9CFF375D3" authority="Scud" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,435,415,441]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">Tribochrysa firmata Scud</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Florissant Miocene”; (2) [handwritten]: “
|
||
<specimenCount id="33D9FD11FFCDFFC1E18AA3C6CDB175D0" box="[911,1009,416,442]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" type="generic">241 type</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E1F2A3F9CB5A75D3" authority="Scud." authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[1015,1306,415,441]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">Tribochrysa firmata Scud.</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Florissant /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E2A3A3A2CF6875B4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[166,296,452,478]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Neuroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E336A3A5CF8775B7" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1851" box="[307,455,451,477]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. The specimen has black ink writing on the rock that says “Scud. no. 670 / 241”, and a red paper label glued to the rock that says “Type.”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="71A06610FFCDFFC1E292A4B4CD4A7364" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522513" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522513/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" startId="35.[151,250,1746,1770]" targetBox="[158,1427,552,1713]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCDFFC1E292A4B4CD4A7364" blockId="35.[151,1436,1746,1807]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E292A4B4CF5A7280" bold="true" box="[151,282,1746,1770]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">FIGURE 25</emphasis>
|
||
. Wing venation drawings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E040A4B4CDED7281" authority="Scudder, 1890" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[581,941,1746,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCDFFC1E040A4B4CD527280" box="[581,786,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Tribochrysa firmata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCDFFC1E11CA4B4CDED7281" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[793,941,1746,1771]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype MCZ 242. A, right forewing; B, right hind wings; C, left hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCDFFC1E2C2A55BCC5C738D" blockId="35.[151,1437,1853,2023]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFCDFFC1E2C2A55BCF1F733D" box="[199,351,1853,1879]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(designated here): MCZ 4127 (Scudder’s no. 8792). An almost complete specimen in ventral aspect; right wings crumpled. Verbatim label data [typed and handwritten]: “(1) “Mus. Comp. Zoöl. Cambridge, Mass. / No. 4127 /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E329A5E3CC4C73F5" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[300,524,1925,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">Tribochrysa firmata</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Scud. / Florissant”; (2) [handwritten]: “4127 type
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E666A5E3CBCC73F5" authority="Scud." authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[1123,1420,1925,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">Tribochrysa firmata Scud.</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Florissant /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCDFFC1E31CA5CFCFDE73A9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[281,414,1961,1987]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Neuroptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. The specimen has red ink writing on the rock that says “8792.”, and a red paper label glued to the rock that says “Type. 4127”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC6E2C2A2F1CCF774DB" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[199,695,151,177]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Both fossils are coated with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DC87608FFCAFFC6E000A2F1CC1974DB" box="[517,601,151,177]" name="Canada" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
balsam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC6E2C2A2DDCCE17493" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E2C2A2DDCC4274BE" bold="true" box="[199,514,186,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Type locality and horizon.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DC87608FFCAFFC6E00EA2DDCC0774BF" box="[523,583,187,213]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E71BF87AFFCAFFC6E056A2DDCC8074BF" box="[595,704,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Teller County: Florissant (precise collecting locality unknown); Eocene, late Priabonian; Florissant Formation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DC56513FFCAFFC6E2C2A364CD5A7577" box="[199,794,258,285]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC6E2C2A364CD5A7577" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,897]" box="[199,794,258,285]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E2C2A364CF027576" bold="true" box="[199,322,258,284]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
See diagnosis for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCAFFC6E015A365CD547577" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1885" box="[528,788,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inaequalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E015A365CD547577" box="[528,788,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Tribochrysa inaequalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DC56513FFCAFFC4E2C2A340CCFB77EB" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC6E2C2A340CF4C75E3" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E2C2A340CF35752A" bold="true" box="[199,373,294,320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E37EA341CC1A752B" box="[379,602,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFCAFFC6E37EA341CFA8752A" box="[379,488,295,320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
MCZ 241
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCAFFC6E06DA341CCFF752B" box="[616,703,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1065,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-345@34.[151,1436,1065,1923]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 24. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, lectotype MCZ 241. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522511" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522511/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Figs 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCAFFC6E0CEA340CCAB752B" box="[715,747,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,552,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-179@35.[151,1436,538,1723]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 25. Wing venation drawings of Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, lectotype MCZ 242. A, right forewing; B, right hind wings; C, left hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522513/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head transverse in dorsal view; eye
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E696A341CAED752A" box="[1171,1197,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCAFFC6E6B9A341CB52752B" box="[1212,1298,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Antennae thin, shorter than forewing (
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCAFFC6E043A32DCCDE750F" box="[582,670,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="9.3">9.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long); scapus enlarged, cone-shaped. Thorax, legs, abdomen poorly preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC6E2C2A3F5CD1877EB" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Forewing
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCAFFC6E33DA3F5CFC575C7" box="[312,389,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCAFFC6E3CCA3F5CC5E75C7" box="[457,542,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (length to width ratio 2.89). Costal space relatively narrow. Subcostal veinlets simple proximad pterostigmal region, widely spaced. Pterostigma indistinct. Distal part of Sc not discernible. Subcostal space narrow; subcostal crossveins not preserved. RA long, ending on margin slightly proximad wing apex. RA with eight crossveins. RP originating relatively far from wing base (at
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E610A399CA6F7672" box="[1045,1071,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. 0.27 complete length). Anterior trace of RP zigzagged, forked distally; with eight branches, five proximal forked, three distal simple. Basal crossvein between RP, M (1r-m) rather long, connecting anterior trace of RP, MA within
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E657A021CA2E760A" box="[1106,1134,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">im</emphasis>
|
||
at nearly one-third length. M appears fused with R basally; sigmoid proximad fork; dividing to MA, MP slightly distad level of origin of RP. MA, MP strongly curved; MA rather shallowly forked distad Psc; MP deeply forked at Psc. Crossvein between MA, MP (1im) rather long.
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E390A0D5CFF376A6" box="[405,435,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Im</emphasis>
|
||
elongate, slightly divergent distally (length/width 3.42). Psm poorly developed, strongly zigzagged. Crossvein 2m-cu very long, connecting
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E0DDA0B1CCB4769A" box="[728,756,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">im</emphasis>
|
||
, CuA at nearly proximal one-fifths
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E683A0B1CAE2769A" box="[1158,1186,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">im</emphasis>
|
||
length. CuA probably with three simple branches. Psc rather into well developed, slightly zigzagged. CuP deeply forked. Crossvein 2icu connecting CuA, anterior branch of CuP opposite 2m-cu.
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E135A179CD0B7753" box="[816,843,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">1c</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E157A179CD2C7753" box="[850,876,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">2c</emphasis>
|
||
length ratio 0.35:1. A1, A2 simple. Two gradate series of crossveins: inner series arranged in strongly broken line, with eight crossveins distad MA; outer series arranged in almost smooth line with eight crossveins distad RP1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="71A06610FFCAFFC6E292A56CCFF2732C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522515" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522515" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522515/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" startId="36.[151,250,1802,1826]" targetBox="[151,1436,921,1779]" targetPageId="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC6E292A56CCFF2732C" blockId="36.[151,1436,1802,1862]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E292A56CCF5C7348" bold="true" box="[151,284,1802,1826]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">FIGURE 26</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCAFFC6E32EA56CCCD87348" authority="Scudder, 1890" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[299,664,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E32EA56CCFB97348" box="[299,505,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Tribochrysa firmata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCAFFC6E007A56CCCD87348" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[514,664,1802,1826]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paralectotype MCZ 4127, specimen in vental aspect. S8, S9, eigth, ninth sternites. Scale bar = 3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCAFFC7E2C2A512CF58750F" blockId="36.[151,1436,1908,2043]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Hind wing
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E344A513CF1B73E4" box="[321,347,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCAFFC6E36DA512CFF573E5" box="[360,437,1908,1935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCAFFC6E3F2A513CC5173E4" box="[503,529,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCAFFC6E01BA512CC3273E5" box="[542,626,1908,1935]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Costal space narrow. Subcostal veinlets simple proximad pterostigmal region, very widely spaced. Sc poorly preserved distally. Subcostal space very narrow; crossveins not discernible. Pterostigma indistinct. RA ending on margin near wing apex. RA with eight crossveins. Anterior trace of RP zigzagged; with eight branches (six proximal forked, two distal simple). Psm rather well developed. MA basally crossvein-like, then fused with RP for long distance, then strongly zigzagged, deeply forked distad Psc. MP nearly straight proximad fusion with CuA, then slightly zigzagged, deeply forked at Psc. Proximal crossvein between MA, MP (1im) long. CuA pectinate, fused with MP for rather short distance; with three simple branches proximad fusion. CuP simple. Crossvein 1cu long. A1, A2 simple. Two gradate series of crossveins: inner series arranged in strongly broken line, with seven crossveins distad MA; outer series arranged in smooth line with seven crossveins distad RP1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="71A06610FFCBFFC7E292A567CDBF7357" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522517" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522517" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522517/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" startId="37.[151,250,1793,1817]" targetBox="[163,1422,397,1756]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCBFFC7E292A567CDBF7357" blockId="37.[151,1437,1793,1853]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCBFFC7E292A567CF5A7373" bold="true" box="[151,282,1793,1817]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">FIGURE 27</emphasis>
|
||
. Wing venation drawings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFCBFFC7E041A567CDFC7373" authority="Scudder, 1890" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[580,956,1793,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Palaeochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCBFFC7E041A567CD617373" box="[580,801,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Palaeochrysa firmata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFCBFFC7E12DA567CDFC7373" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[808,956,1793,1817]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paralectotype MCZ 4127. A, left forewing; B, right forewing; C, left hind wings; D, right hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCBFFC7E2C2A50DCA3473A4" blockId="37.[151,1437,1899,2034]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCBFFC7E2C2A50DCFA173EF" box="[199,481,1899,1926]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFCBFFC7E2C2A50DCF2473EF" box="[199,356,1899,1925]" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
MCZ 4127
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCBFFC7E3EAA50DCC3173EC" box="[495,625,1899,1926]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 26" captionStart-1="FIGURE 27" captionStart-2="FIGURE 28" captionStartId-0="36.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionStartId-1="37.[151,250,1793,1817]" captionStartId-2="38.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,921,1779]" captionTargetBox-1="[163,1422,397,1756]" captionTargetBox-2="[159,1431,931,1827]" captionTargetId-0="figure-324@36.[151,1436,921,1779]" captionTargetId-1="figure-105@37.[151,1436,381,1770]" captionTargetId-2="figure-373@38.[151,1436,921,1833]" captionTargetPageId-0="36" captionTargetPageId-1="37" captionTargetPageId-2="38" captionText-0="FIGURE 26. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, paralectotype MCZ 4127, specimen in vental aspect. S8, S9, eigth, ninth sternites. Scale bar = 3 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 27. Wing venation drawings of Palaeochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, paralectotype MCZ 4127. A, left forewing; B, right forewing; C, left hind wings; D, right hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (all to scale)." captionText-2="FIGURE 28. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890. Wing venation of the paralectotype MCZ 4127; fore- and hind wing drawings combined from left and right wings (dotted lines show poorly or reconstructed vein fragments; fused veins in red).A, forewing; B, hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (both to scale)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522515" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522517" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522521" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6522515/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6522517/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6522521/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Figs 26–28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male (?). Body
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCBFFC7E135A50ACD3073EC" box="[816,880,1900,1926]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Head very poorly preserved, eye
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCBFFC7E724A50ACB7B73EF" box="[1313,1339,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCBFFC7E74DA50DCBDD73EC" box="[1352,1437,1899,1926]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Antennae thin,
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCBFFC7E3C9A5E9CC6173C0" box="[460,545,1935,1962]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
as preserved; scapus enlarged, cone-shaped. Thorax poorly preserved. Legs not preserved. Abdomen: presumable S8+9 well preserved, short (in ventral view) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFCBFFC7E616A5D5CA2773A4" box="[1043,1127,1971,1998]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,921,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-324@36.[151,1436,921,1779]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 26. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890, paralectotype MCZ 4127, specimen in vental aspect. S8, S9, eigth, ninth sternites. Scale bar = 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522515" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522515/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFCBFFC4E2C2A5B1CAF47657" blockId="37.[151,1437,1899,2034]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,897]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="339" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">
|
||
Forewing
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCBFFC7E33FA5BECF14739B" box="[314,340,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCBFFC7E366A5B1CFFA7398" box="[355,442,2007,2034]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFCBFFC7E004A5BECC5B739B" box="[513,539,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="338">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFCBFFC7E02FA5B1CCC17398" box="[554,641,2007,2034]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="37" pageNumber="338" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (length to width ratio 2.66). Costal space relatively narrow. Subcostal veinlets simple proximad pterostigmal region, widely spaced. Pterostigma indistinct. Distal part of Sc not discernible. Subcostal space narrow; crossveins not preserved. RA ending on margin near wing apex. RA with eight crossveins. RP originating far from wing base (at
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E0C8A2B9CCA77492" box="[717,743,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. 0.29 complete length). Anterior trace of RP zigzagged; with eight branches, six proximal forked, two distal simple. Basal crossvein between RP, M (1r-m) long, connecting anterior trace of RP, MA within
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E3CDA341CFA4752A" box="[456,484,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">im</emphasis>
|
||
at
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E001A341CC5E752A" box="[516,542,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. proximal one-fifths of its length. M dividing to MA, MP distad level of origin of RP. MA, MP strongly curved; MP deeply forked at Psc. Crossvein between MA, MP (1im) rather long.
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E716A32DCB71750E" box="[1299,1329,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Im</emphasis>
|
||
elongate, markedly divergent distally (length/width ratio 4.35). Psm poorly developed, strongly zigzagged. Crossvein 2m-cu very long, connecting
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E390A3F5CFF175C6" box="[405,433,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">im</emphasis>
|
||
, CuA at
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E01CA3F5CC7375C6" box="[537,563,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. proximal one-twelfths
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E141A3F5CD2075C6" box="[836,864,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">im</emphasis>
|
||
length. CuA probably with three simple branches. Psc well developed, slightly zigzagged distally. CuP deeply forked. Crossvein 2icu connecting CuA, anterior branch of CuP slightly proximad 2m-cu. CuA, A1 closely approaching for short distance. A1, A2 simple. Crossvein between A1, A2 rather long. Two gradate series of crossveins: inner series arranged in strongly broken line, with eight crossveins distad MA; outer series arranged in smooth line, with seven crossveins distad RP1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFC8FFC4E2C2A021CCFB77EB" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
Hind wing
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E34FA021CF24760A" box="[330,356,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFC8FFC4E370A020CF8E760B" box="[373,462,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E01CA021CC73760A" box="[537,563,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="E2279B7DFFC8FFC4E041A021CCDD760B" box="[580,669,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Costal space, subcostal veinlets poorly preserved. Subcostal spaces narrow, crossveins not discernible. Pterostigma indistinct. RA ending on margin at nearly wing apex. RA space with eight crossveins. Anterior trace of RP zigzagged; with eight branches (five proximal forked, three distal simple). Psm rather well developed. MA basally oblique, crossvein-like, then fused with RP for long distance, then strongly zigzagged, deeply forked distad Psc. MP straight proximad fusion with CuA, then slightly zigzagged, deeply forked at Psc. Proximal crossvein between MA, MP (1im) long. CuA pectinate, fused with MP for rather long distance; with three simple branches proximad fusion. Cu, A1 incompletely preserved, simple. Two gradate series of crossveins: inner series arranged in strongly broken line, with seven crossveins distad MA; outer series arranged in smooth line with seven crossveins distad RP1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="71A06610FFC8FFC4E292A526CC3973CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6522521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522521/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" startId="38.[151,250,1856,1880]" targetBox="[159,1431,931,1827]" targetPageId="38">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFC8FFC4E292A526CC3973CB" blockId="38.[151,1436,1856,1953]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E292A526CF587333" bold="true" box="[151,280,1856,1881]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">FIGURE 28</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2DF4D1BFFC8FFC4E320A527CCC97333" authority="Scudder, 1890" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1890" box="[293,649,1857,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Tribochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="firmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC8FFC4E320A527CFB07333" box="[293,496,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="339">Tribochrysa firmata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="414E4B69FFC8FFC4E3F0A527CCC97333" author="Scudder, S. H." box="[501,649,1857,1881]" pageId="38" pageNumber="339" pagination="1 - 734" refId="ref25710" refString="Scudder, S. H. (1890) The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 13, 1 - 734, 28 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44698" type="journal article" year="1890">Scudder, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Wing venation of the paralectotype MCZ 4127; fore- and hind wing drawings combined from left and right wings (dotted lines show poorly or reconstructed vein fragments; fused veins in red). A, forewing; B, hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (both to scale).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DC56513FFC9FFC5E2C2A2F0CB5C7576" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="25603698FFC9FFC5E2C2A2F0CB5C7576" blockId="39.[151,1437,150,285]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="17ABEA8AFFC9FFC5E2C2A2F0CF7B74DA" bold="true" box="[199,315,150,176]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The species was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="33D9FD11FFC9FFC5E0ABA2F1CD1774DA" box="[686,855,150,177]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, both labelled “type” in the collections of MCZ. We designate MCZ 241 as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFC9FFC5E3C2A2DCCC6E74BE" box="[455,558,186,212]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as its wings are better preserved. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFC9FFC5E1DAA2DCCA3674BE" box="[991,1142,186,212]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
differs from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA64883AFFC9FFC5E733A2DCCBDD74BE" box="[1334,1437,186,212]" pageId="39" pageNumber="340" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
by its narrower forewing, the clearly distally dilated intramedian cell, and the presence of an additional crossvein between the gradate series in the forewing (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDE42A1DFFC9FFC5E0AEA364CCBE7576" box="[683,766,258,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,931,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-373@38.[151,1436,921,1833]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 28. Tribochrysa firmata Scudder, 1890. Wing venation of the paralectotype MCZ 4127; fore- and hind wing drawings combined from left and right wings (dotted lines show poorly or reconstructed vein fragments; fused veins in red).A, forewing; B, hind wing. Scale bar = 3 mm (both to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6522521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6522521/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="340">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). It’s possible that these differences are specific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |