223 lines
20 KiB
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223 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.869.33997" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5b500434-09e3-4370-82a1-1eb789d9d58a" ID-PMC="PMC6690892" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-869-19" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C44C602AB0235FB2922DC2A4915C3288" ID-PubMed="31413659" ID-ZooBank="B7C88A64C06E4B67A352F2F9C8FB0D1C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-869-19" checkinTime="1565056339550" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra, Raveloson Ravaomanarivo, Lala Harivelo & Bergsten, Johannes" docDate="2019" docId="9FD551E5A9DF5CB19C529BDE43F5F8D0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 869: 19-90" docOrigin="ZooKeys 869" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.869.33997" docTitle="Copelatus kely Ranarilalatiana & Bergsten, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3AFB0F44-539F-4621-9002-F2E44EEDC73A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="5E52FF84FFE5FF9193131A454057613C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Copelatus of Madagascar (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae): the non- erichsonii group species" masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668167671827" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the genus Copelatus of Madagascar (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae): the non- erichsonii group species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Raveloson Ravaomanarivo, Lala Harivelo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bergsten, Johannes</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>869</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>19</mods:start>
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<mods:end>90</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.869.33997</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.869.33997</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-869-19</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B7C88A64C06E4B67A352F2F9C8FB0D1C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C44C602AB0235FB2922DC2A4915C3288</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="158995548" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3AFB0F44-539F-4621-9002-F2E44EEDC73A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9FD551E5A9DF5CB19C529BDE43F5F8D0" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="9fd551e5-a9df-5cb1-9c52-9bde43f5f8d0" authority="Ranarilalatiana & Bergsten" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copelatus kely" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kely">Copelatus kely Ranarilalatiana & Bergsten</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="19">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male genitalia. From left to right, aedeagus in right lateral, ventral, left lateral views and left paramere. A Copelatus insuetus B Copelatus kely sp. nov. C Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. D Copelatus ankaratra sp. nov. E Copelatus safiotra sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322931" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus, dorsal view. A Female: Copelatus insuetus B Male: Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. C Female: Copelatus kely sp. nov. D Female: Copelatus sp. 3 (Ivohibe)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322934" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">9C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Ambohidray reserve, Andriambe [18.61317S, 048.32593E] [Madagascar, Alaotra Mangoro region, Moramanga district].</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Toamasina. Alaotra Mangoro: Moramanga</emphasis>
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: -HT♂(GP) (NHRS): // NHRS-JLKB | 000010890 // Madagascar: Moramanga: Ambohidray | reserve: TR18L14: Andriambe stream: | S-18.61317; E48.32593; 1044m: | stagnant pool in pitfall holes: | 23/05/2018; Leg. T. Ranarialalatiana // Holotype |
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
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sp. nov. | Det. Ranarilalatiana | & Bergsten, 2019 //
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: -2♂(GP), 3♀, 11 ex. (7♂, 4♀) (Alc.) (NHRS, NHMUK, DEUA & PBZT/MBC): // NHRS-JLKB | 000010891, 65741-4, 10889(Alc.) // Madagascar: Moramanga: Ambohidray | reserve: TR18L14: Andriambe stream: | S-18.61317; E48.32593; 1044m: | stagnant pool in pitfall holes: | 23/05/2018; Leg. T. Ranarialalatiana // Paratype |
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
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sp. nov. | Det. Ranarilalatiana | & Bergsten, 2019 // -2♂GP (teneral), 2♀, 10 ex. (Alc.) (teneral) (NHRS): // NHRS-JLKB | 000010858-9, 65738-9, 10861(Alc.) // Madagascar: Moramanga: Ambohidray | reserve: TR18L04: Andriambe stream: | S-18.6132; E48.3262; 1044m: | stagnant pool in pitfall holes: | 07/04/2018; Leg. T. Ranarialalatiana & al. // Paratype |
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
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sp. nov. | Det. Ranarilalatiana | & Bergsten, 2019 // -2♀ (teneral), 5 ex. (Alc.) (teneral) (NHRS): // NHRS-JLKB | 000065701, 65740, 10862(Alc.) // Madagascar: Moramanga: Ambohidray | reserve: TR18L07: Andriambe stream: | S-18.6131; E48.3257; 1046m: | stagnant pools in path: | 07/04/2018; Leg. T. Ranarialalatiana & al. // Paratype |
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
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sp. nov. | Det. Ranarilalatiana | & Bergsten, 2019 // -1♂(GP) (NHRS): // NHRS-JLKB | 000065746 // MAD: TOAM: Alaotra Mangoro | Andasibe Mantadia NP, Analamazaotra | 250m E of park entrance: Mad14-18: | dried up river bed with stagnant pools: |
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.9357" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-18.9357">18.9357S</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.4174" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="48.4174">48.4174E</geoCoordinate>
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: 930m: 27.XI.2014 // Leg. J. Bergsten, R. | Bukontaite, S. Holmgren, | J.H. Randriamihaja | & T. Ranarilalatiana // Paratype |
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
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sp. nov. | Det. Ranarilalatiana | & Bergsten, 2019 //
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Similar body shape to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. kely" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="kely">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. kely</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is smaller than all other species in the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copelatus insuetus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex on Madagascar; body length 3.8-4.4 mm (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus, dorsal view. A Female: Copelatus insuetus B Male: Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. C Female: Copelatus kely sp. nov. D Female: Copelatus sp. 3 (Ivohibe)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322934" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
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). The penis is most similar to that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“shoulder”">"shoulder"</normalizedToken>
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in lateral view is less distinct; there is no crossing of a dorsal ridge against the posterior dorsal margin at apex in left lateral view and longitudinal ventrolateral sulcation is lacking (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male genitalia. From left to right, aedeagus in right lateral, ventral, left lateral views and left paramere. A Copelatus insuetus B Copelatus kely sp. nov. C Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. D Copelatus ankaratra sp. nov. E Copelatus safiotra sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322931" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Body length 3.8-4.3 mm. Body shape elongate oval to subparallel. Head rufo-testaceous and only vaguely infuscated medially and around eyes. Pronotum largely rufotestaceous with only faint infuscation medially. Lateral margins lighter testaceous but pronotum also medially lighter than elytra. This gives the habitus appearance of a lighter more rufous anterior part of body contrasting with brown elytra. Elytra brown with a testaceous band basally. Testaceous band narrower and with less of a tendancy to be extended posteriorly in second interval (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Habitus, dorsal view. A Female: Copelatus insuetus B Male: Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. C Female: Copelatus kely sp. nov. D Female: Copelatus sp. 3 (Ivohibe)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322934" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
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) compared with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. All appendages testaceous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Elytra with six impressed discal and one submarginal striae. First to fourth striae full length or first stria slightly abbreviated at base; fifth and sixth striae abbreviated anteriorly; submarginal stria starting approx. one third to one half from the base. Head, pronotum, and elytra microreticulate and finely micropunctate. Striolation of pronotum rather restricted and present only in posterolateral corners and somewhat inwards along posterior margin but not posteromedially.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Ventral side largely testaceous to faintly infuscated, similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but lighter. Prosternal process and lateral parts of metaventrite similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but metacoxal lines less strongly diverging anteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Male: first three pro- and mesotarsomeres widened, but less so than in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and ventrally equipped with suction cups (same constellation as in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Protibia modified, bisinuate and angled basally and broadened distally. Pro- and mesotarsal claws unmodified. Penis thin and simple, in ventral view with apical part slightly leftturned; in lateral view slightly angled after basal third giving a suggested
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“shoulder”">"shoulder"</normalizedToken>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male genitalia. From left to right, aedeagus in right lateral, ventral, left lateral views and left paramere. A Copelatus insuetus B Copelatus kely sp. nov. C Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. D Copelatus ankaratra sp. nov. E Copelatus safiotra sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322931" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
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) but which is less distinct compared with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Apex in left lateral view without a dorsal ridge crossing posterior dorsal margin, but finely serrated preapically (only visible at high magnification). Parameres as in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male genitalia. From left to right, aedeagus in right lateral, ventral, left lateral views and left paramere. A Copelatus insuetus B Copelatus kely sp. nov. C Copelatus vokoka sp. nov. D Copelatus ankaratra sp. nov. E Copelatus safiotra sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322931" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Female: with very weak, faint and dispersed strioles on anterior half of elytra from third or fourth interval to the lateral margin.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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The new species is named after the Malagasy word for small,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“kely”">"kely"</normalizedToken>
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, referring to the small body size. It is the smallest species so far known from the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species complex on Madagascar. It is a non-latinised adjective.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Known from the eastern central part of Madagascar, at Ambohidray Reserve and in Analamazaotra NP (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Distribution maps of Copelatus species. A C. insuetus (circle), C. pseudostriatus sp. nov. (square) B C. kely sp. nov. (circle), C. vokoka sp. nov. (square) C C. ankaratra sp. nov. (circle), C. sp. 3 (square) D C. safiotra sp. nov. (circle), C. befasicus (square)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322937" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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This species occurs in the eastern central rainforest. Most specimens were collected from small waterfilled pitfalltrap holes for
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Mantella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mantella" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Mantella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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frogs, but
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<normalizedToken originalValue="we’ve">we've</normalizedToken>
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also found it in muddy, stagnant, forest pools with dead leaves. The altitude of known localities ranges from 930 to 1050 m. At Analamazaotra NP, we found one specimen occurring sympatrically with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copelatus insuetus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insuetus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus insuetus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at the same locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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This species may be endemic to a very limited area and apart from one specimen found in Analamazaotra NP, we collected the remaining series from the Ambohidray reserve. Most specimens were in fact found in water-filled pitfall trap holes set for a microendemic
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Mantella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mantella" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Mantella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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frog species.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copelatus kely" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kely">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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adds to the importance of this reserve for conservation of rare and microendemic eastern rainforest species. Ambohidray reserve was established in 2013 and managed through collaboration between the local people association (VOI MMA) and Antananarivo University. During fieldwork at the reserve in April 2018 however, we observed worrying signs of disturbances;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“tavy”">"tavy"</normalizedToken>
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or slash and burn of the forest for agriculture, the cutting of woods for charcoal, signs of zebu-cattle along forest paths. These factors could cause a serious threat to the aquatic insect fauna of the reserve. The reserve of Ambohidray harbours some species not known from anywere else on Madagascar. If the reserve has any ambition to serve as a refugium for these species, activities destroying or degrading the forests or aquatic habitats should be avoided.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Copelatus kely" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kely">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Copelatus kely</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. insuetus" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="insuetus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C. insuetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the two species were not reciprocally monophyletic in the CO1 gene tree (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Majority-rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis of CO 1. Values next to nodes indicate posterior probabilities." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.869.33997.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/322927" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |