231 lines
29 KiB
XML
231 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="4722F04FD859660CAEB9F1FD11966EED" ID-CLB-Dataset="2884" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.783.1601" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa9de9bf-dea4-4321-a51d-6c4f1f55032d" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5793422" ID-ZooBank="071EAD63-05ED-4D6C-AC45-8719E6D79E0B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1640009482758" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kröger, Björn & Pohle, Alexander" docDate="2021" docId="5F4487ACFF8DFF8DFD887EF6FC137EE1" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-783_1-102.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 783 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.783.1601" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bactroceras Holm 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="A37DFFD4FFACFFAEFFD67F14FFDE7A64" masterDocTitle="Early-Middle Ordovician cephalopods from Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen - a pelagic fauna with Laurentian affinities" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1699472839061" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="40500659A162573122FE1670F575A003">Early-Middle Ordovician cephalopods from Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen - a pelagic fauna with Laurentian affinities</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8E1F29F0A0893103B433728203627E8B">Kröger, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7D4D51B0AB2D7FAC9D2A1A17D3126218">Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, PO Box 44, FI- 00014 Helsinki, Finland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="576997020470D4DC1114380D205543D5" type="email">bjorn.kroger@helsinki.fi</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9AD9377B48E8AAA78AEF5416C1D158A5">Pohle, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="54812FDC7F7259CC589B7EF47241AE5D">Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="37428E3082D1E56B9CD9D1086226239F" type="email">alexander.pohle@pim.uzh.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7959A88B15B75296DD52625C0E488B88">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4C3EA14844C3124FA65949B0EC23DBC8">
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<mods:date id="12C2CD3B89BCE1F0F022988D5A10B628">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5F4487ACFF8DFF8DFD887EF6FC137EE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793510" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191693609" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5793510" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF8DFF8DFD887EF6FC137EE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F4487ACFF8DFF8DFD887EF6FC137EE1" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="9FF76531FF8DFF8FFD887EF6FC0B7B98" box="[606,981,482,508]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8DFF8FFD887EF6FC0B7B98" blockId="33.[606,981,482,508]" box="[606,981,482,508]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="8C1A81D6FF8DFF8FFD887EF6FC0B7B98" box="[606,981,482,508]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8DFF8FFD677EF6FC0B7B98" authority="Holm, 1898" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[689,981,482,508]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFD677EF6FC9C7B98" bold="true" box="[689,834,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bactroceras</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8DFF8FFC9F7EF6FC0B7B98" author="Holm G." box="[841,981,482,508]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="354 - 360" refId="ref47786" refString="Holm G. 1898. Palaeontologiska notiser. Om ett par Bactrites - liknande untersiluriska orthocer-former. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Forhandlingar 20: 354 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11035899809447943" type="journal article" year="1898">Holm, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9FF76531FF8DFF8FFF6B7D30FD4978EB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8DFF8FFF6B7D30FE867859" blockId="33.[189,344,547,574]" box="[189,344,547,574]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<heading id="8C1A81D6FF8DFF8FFF6B7D30FE867859" bold="true" box="[189,344,547,574]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFF6B7D30FE867859" bold="true" box="[189,344,547,574]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="08568818FF8DFF8FFF6B7D30FF24785A" box="[189,250,548,574]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8DFF8FFF6B7D47FD4978EB" blockId="33.[189,1398,594,658]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8DFF8FFF6B7D47FDFF7808" authority="Holm, 1898" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[189,545,594,620]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avus">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFF6B7D47FE577808" box="[189,393,595,620]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bactroceras avus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8DFF8FFE477D46FDFF7808" author="Holm G." box="[401,545,594,620]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="354 - 360" refId="ref47786" refString="Holm G. 1898. Palaeontologiska notiser. Om ett par Bactrites - liknande untersiluriska orthocer-former. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Forhandlingar 20: 354 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11035899809447943" type="journal article" year="1898">Holm, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Middle Ordovician, late Darriwilian Stage, Seby Limestone Formation; Öland,
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<collectingCountry id="AFFA762AFF8DFF8FFEC27D61FEAB78EB" box="[276,373,629,655]" name="Sweden" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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; by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="83926632FF8DFF8FFF6B7984FD517D83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5793488" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5793488/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[189,232,1680,1706]" targetBox="[192,1394,870,1626]" targetPageId="33">
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<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8DFF8FFF6B7984FD517D83" blockId="33.[187,1399,1680,2024]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFF6B7984FEC17CCE" bold="true" box="[189,287,1680,1706]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 22.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8DFF8FFEFC7984FE3F7CCE" authority="Kröger & Pohle, 2021" authorityName="Kröger & Pohle" authorityYear="2021" box="[298,481,1680,1706]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Rioceratidae" genus="Svalbardoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFEFC7984FE3F7CCE" box="[298,481,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Svalbardoceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEAA57D3FF8DFF8FFE3B7985FD837CCF" box="[493,605,1681,1707]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from the Olenidsletta Member, Floian, Ordovician, Profilstranda section, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFDB879A7FD797CA9" bold="true" box="[622,679,1715,1741]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A–D</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8DFF8FFD6F79A0FC6F7CAA" authority="Kröger & Pohle, 2021" authorityName="Kröger & Pohle" authorityYear="2021" box="[697,945,1716,1742]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Rioceratidae" genus="Svalbardoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="skua" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFD6F79A0FC6F7CAA" box="[697,945,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Svalbardoceras skua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEAA57D3FF8DFF8FFC6A79A0FBA67CAA" box="[956,1144,1716,1742]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from bed PO 123.3.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFF6B79C3FF0C7C95" bold="true" box="[189,210,1751,1777]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30277, lateral view, venter, prosiphuncular side toward the right.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFB3779C3FB2D7C95" bold="true" box="[1249,1267,1751,1777]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">B</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30272, holotype, lateral view, venter, prosiphuncular side toward the left.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFB0E79EEFB337D70" bold="true" box="[1240,1261,1786,1812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30276, lateral view of adult (?), body chamber, with venter, prosiphuncular side toward the left.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFF6D7855FF0E7D3F" bold="true" box="[187,208,1857,1883]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">D</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30263, lateral view of a fragmentary body chamber, with venter, prosiphuncular side toward the left.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFE167877FE277D19" bold="true" box="[448,505,1891,1917]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E–G</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8DFF8FFDDB7870FCC77D19" authority="Kröger & Pohle, 2021" authorityName="Kröger & Pohle" authorityYear="2021" box="[525,793,1892,1918]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Rioceratidae" genus="Svalbardoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sterna" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFDDB7870FCC77D19" box="[525,793,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Svalbardoceras sterna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEAA57D3FF8DFF8FFCF37870FC387D1A" box="[805,998,1892,1918]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, from bed PO 7.5.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFB0A7870FB2E7D1A" bold="true" box="[1244,1264,1892,1918]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30379.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFE527893FE487DC5" bold="true" box="[388,406,1927,1953]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">F</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30373, lateral view with venter, prosiphuncular side toward the right.
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8DFF8FFED278BEFEC57DA0" bold="true" box="[260,283,1962,1988]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G</emphasis>
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. Specimen FMNH-P30368, holotype, lateral view with venter, prosiphuncular side toward the right. Scale bar = 10 mm for all figures.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="9FF76531FF8EFF8DFF6B7E1CFCB67B23" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8EFF8CFF6B7E1CFEE87B46" blockId="34.[189,310,264,290]" box="[189,310,264,290]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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||
<heading id="8C1A81D6FF8EFF8CFF6B7E1CFEE87B46" bold="true" box="[189,310,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFF6B7E1CFEE87B46" bold="true" box="[189,310,264,290]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8EFF8DFF6B7E23FCB67B23" blockId="34.[187,1399,311,516]" lastBlockId="35.[189,1399,265,327]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Slender, orthocones or weakly curved cyrtocones with sub-circular or circular conch cross section; apical angle low, typically below 10°; surface sculpture with straight, transverse growth lines or annulations, and/or striae; hyponomic sinus broad and shallow; phragmocone chambers rather deep, concavity at least 0.3 of conch height; sutures straight and transverse; distance between two sutures between 0.25 and 0.5 of corresponding conch cross section; siphuncle marginal or slightly removed from shell margin; diameter of the siphuncle between ¹/7 and ¹/20 of corresponding conch cross section; septal necks orthochoanitic to hemichoanitic; siphuncular segments tubular to slightly expanded; connecting rings thin and homogeneous (adopted from
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<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFDAB7E38FC827B23" author="Aubrechtova M." box="[637,860,300,327]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref45191" refString="Aubrechtova M. 2015. A revision of the Ordovician cephalopod Bactrites sandbergeri Barrande: systematic position and palaeobiogeography of Bactroceras. Geobios 48: 193 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2015.03.002" type="journal article" year="2015">Aubrechtová 2015</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="83926632FF8EFF8CFF6A780CFC8C7D87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5793492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5793492/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[188,231,1816,1842]" targetBox="[189,1395,566,1776]" targetPageId="34">
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||
<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8EFF8CFF6A780CFC8C7D87" blockId="34.[188,1399,1816,2019]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFF6A780CFEC27D56" bold="true" box="[188,284,1816,1842]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 23.</emphasis>
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Median sections of phragmocones of
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<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8EFF8CFD26780CFC797D56" authority="Kröger & Pohle, 2021" authorityName="Kröger & Pohle" authorityYear="2021" box="[752,935,1816,1842]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Rioceratidae" genus="Svalbardoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFD26780CFC797D56" box="[752,935,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Svalbardoceras</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEAA57D3FF8EFF8CFC64780DFBFC7D57" box="[946,1058,1817,1843]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, from Olenidsletta Member, Floian, Ordovician, Profilstranda section, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen.
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFC35782FFBBC7D31" bold="true" box="[995,1122,1851,1878]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A, C, E, G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8EFF8CFBB97828FAA87D31" authority="Kröger & Pohle, 2021" authorityName="Kröger & Pohle" authorityYear="2021" box="[1135,1398,1852,1878]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Rioceratidae" genus="Svalbardoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sterna" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFBB97828FAA87D31" box="[1135,1398,1852,1878]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Svalbardoceras sterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEAA57D3FF8EFF8CFF6B784BFEB37D1D" box="[189,365,1887,1913]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, from bed PO 7.5.
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFD90784BFDA37D1D" bold="true" box="[582,637,1887,1913]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A, E</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen FMNH-P30371.
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFC1D784BFBFC7D1D" bold="true" box="[971,1058,1887,1913]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B, D, F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8EFF8CFBF9784BFAFD7D1D" authority="Kröger & Pohle, 2021" authorityName="Kröger & Pohle" authorityYear="2021" box="[1071,1315,1887,1913]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Rioceratidae" genus="Svalbardoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="skua" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFBF9784BFAFD7D1D" box="[1071,1315,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Svalbardoceras skua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FEAA57D3FF8EFF8CFAFF784BFEC77DF9" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, from bed PO 123.3.
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFDC17896FDF47DF8" bold="true" box="[535,554,1922,1948]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen FMNH-P30275.
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFCAA7896FC667DF8" bold="true" box="[892,952,1922,1948]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C, G</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen FMNH-P30368, holotype.
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8EFF8CFF6B78B1FF2C7DDB" bold="true" box="[189,242,1957,1983]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">D, F</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen FMNH-P30471, oblique sagittal section through siphuncle, distance from conch margin is cutting effect. Scale bars: A–D = 5 mm; E–G = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9FF76531FF8FFF8DFF6B7E72FC137EE1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8FFF8DFF6B7E72FEF17BE4" blockId="35.[189,303,358,384]" box="[189,303,358,384]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<heading id="8C1A81D6FF8FFF8DFF6B7E72FEF17BE4" bold="true" box="[189,303,358,384]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFF6B7E72FEF17BE4" bold="true" box="[189,303,358,384]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8FFF8DFF6B7E81FD8F785F" blockId="35.[187,1399,404,571]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
One of the diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFD527E81FCCC7BCA" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[644,786,405,430]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFD527E81FCCC7BCA" box="[644,786,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bactroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, given in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFC4F7E80FB517BCB" author="Aubrechtova M." box="[921,1167,404,431]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref45191" refString="Aubrechtova M. 2015. A revision of the Ordovician cephalopod Bactrites sandbergeri Barrande: systematic position and palaeobiogeography of Bactroceras. Geobios 48: 193 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2015.03.002" type="journal article" year="2015">Aubrechtová (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, is the absence of endosiphuncular deposits. This is a slight emendation of previous diagnoses of the genus by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFB097EACFED77B92" author="Aubrechtova M." pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref45191" refString="Aubrechtova M. 2015. A revision of the Ordovician cephalopod Bactrites sandbergeri Barrande: systematic position and palaeobiogeography of Bactroceras. Geobios 48: 193 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2015.03.002" type="journal article" year="2015">Aubrechtová (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
adopted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFE457ECFFD537B91" author="King A. H. & Evans D. H." box="[403,653,475,502]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="65 - 85" refId="ref48035" refString="King A. H. & Evans D. H. 2019. High-level classification of the nautiloid cephalopods: a proposal for the revision of the Treatise Part K. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 138: 65 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13358 - 019 - 00186 - 4" type="journal article" year="2019">King & Evans (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFD657EC8FC1F7B91" author="Kroger B. & Evans D. H." box="[691,961,475,502]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="5 - 34" refId="ref48219" refString="Kroger B. & Evans D. H. 2011. Review and palaeoecological analysis of the late Tremadocian - early Floian (Early Ordovician) cephalopod fauna of the Montagne Noire, France. Fossil Record 14: 5 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmng. 201000013" type="journal article" year="2011">Kröger & Evans (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the diagnosis reads “endosiphuncular deposits unknown” and in the original diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFCE47EEBFC1E787C" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[818,960,511,536]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFCE47EEBFC1E787C" box="[818,960,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bactroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFC3B7EEAFB57787C" author="Holm G." box="[1005,1161,510,536]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="354 - 360" refId="ref47786" refString="Holm G. 1898. Palaeontologiska notiser. Om ett par Bactrites - liknande untersiluriska orthocer-former. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Forhandlingar 20: 354 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11035899809447943" type="journal article" year="1898">Holm (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
no statement about endosiphuncular deposits is given.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D75236BAFF8FFF8DFF6B7D4FFC137EE1" blockId="35.[187,1401,603,1158]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
With the discovery of endosiphuncular deposits, herein, in a species which is very similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="08568818FF8FFF8DFB387D48FAC17812" box="[1262,1311,604,630]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFF0A7D6BFEBB78FC" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[220,357,639,664]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFF0A7D6BFEBB78FC" box="[220,357,639,664]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bactroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the subtle emendation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFD437D6AFCA578FD" author="Aubrechtova M." box="[661,891,638,665]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref45191" refString="Aubrechtova M. 2015. A revision of the Ordovician cephalopod Bactrites sandbergeri Barrande: systematic position and palaeobiogeography of Bactroceras. Geobios 48: 193 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2015.03.002" type="journal article" year="2015">Aubrechtová (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
becomes crucial. Accepting it would require the erection of a new genus, which would be identical to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFC967DB6FC1478DF" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[832,970,674,699]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFC967DB6FC1478DF" box="[832,970,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bactroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but which would differ in the known presence of endosiphuncular deposits. Alternatively, the original genus diagnosis could be revived again, so that potentially species with endosiphuncular deposits can be included. Here the latter solution of the problem is suggested, because it is very difficult, and often impossible, to definitively make a statement on the absence of endosiphuncular deposits. A sufficiently large sample of apical fragments to contain individuals that grew large enough to have developed endosiphuncular deposits is required. This character (the absence of deposits) would render the genus very difficult to practically apply to species, or it would increase the risk that it becomes a wastebasket taxon for inadequately known fragments (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFBCE7C8CFAEA79D6" authority="Stokes, 1840" authorityName="Stokes" authorityYear="1840" box="[1048,1332,920,946]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Ormoceratidae" genus="Ormoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFBCE7C8CFB4679D6" box="[1048,1176,920,946]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ormoceras</emphasis>
|
||
Stokes, 1840
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). And more generally, the absence of a feature, such as endosiphuncular deposits, whose presence theoretically cannot be ruled out, is a diagnostic character that can be falsified, even if the chances of falsification are low. Therefore, the original diagnosis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFD9D7B16FD007E78" author="Holm G." box="[587,734,1026,1052]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="354 - 360" refId="ref47786" refString="Holm G. 1898. Palaeontologiska notiser. Om ett par Bactrites - liknande untersiluriska orthocer-former. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Forhandlingar 20: 354 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11035899809447943" type="journal article" year="1898">Holm (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is here taken as a reference.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFBCE7B16FF287E5B" authority="Kroger & Evans, 2011" authorityName="Kroger & Evans" authorityYear="2011" class="Cephalopoda" family="Troedssonellidae" genus="Thoraloceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFBCE7B16FB6F7E78" box="[1048,1201,1026,1052]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Thoraloceras</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B37C4B4BFF8FFF8DFB617B16FF287E5B" author="Kroger B. & Evans D. H." pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="5 - 34" refId="ref48219" refString="Kroger B. & Evans D. H. 2011. Review and palaeoecological analysis of the late Tremadocian - early Floian (Early Ordovician) cephalopod fauna of the Montagne Noire, France. Fossil Record 14: 5 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmng. 201000013" type="journal article" year="2011">Kröger & Evans, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a troedsonellid with a marginal siphuncle with endosiphocones, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10ED4D39FF8FFF8DFB637B32FAE07E5B" authorityName="Holm" authorityYear="1898" box="[1205,1342,1062,1087]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Baltoceratidae" genus="Bactroceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E599EAA8FF8FFF8DFB637B32FAE07E5B" box="[1205,1342,1062,1087]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bactroceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and which occurs in Tremadocian strata of the Montagne Noir, differs from the latter mainly in having a wider siphuncle (¼ of the conch cross section) and a smooth conch surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |