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<document id="E67F496149CF6E776A00359F4D268B44" ID-CLB-Dataset="39139" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4107.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96189ebc-493c-44ef-9e46-1bf2af20c3e1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="271360" ID-ZooBank="5CBAACB4-2A65-4766-8339-33D65C93FF9B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1462342958656" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kluge, Nikita J." docDate="2016" docId="597587E28F18FFE0FF6CFA61FEE62B5E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4107.4.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4107 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Procloeon (Oculogaster) Kluge, 2016, subgen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="495" masterDocId="A54CFF9A8F1BFFE4FFFBFFB7FFEF2C2E" masterDocTitle="A new subgenus Oculogaster subgen. n. for viviparous representatives of Procloeon s. l., with discussion about status of the generic name Austrocloeon Barnard 1932 and the species name africanum Esben-Petersen 1913 [Cloeon] (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)" masterLastPageNumber="516" masterPageNumber="491" pageNumber="494" updateTime="1698662244020" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CC9A61BB6FC81CC9B5DB132131036B5F">A new subgenus Oculogaster subgen. n. for viviparous representatives of Procloeon s. l., with discussion about status of the generic name Austrocloeon Barnard 1932 and the species name africanum Esben-Petersen 1913 [Cloeon] (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="71729D93AC82DE83EA357DE8956DDC59">Kluge, Nikita J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="A277A93973B043EFDDA278E5BC566015">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DE5EAB24B78F4AE9A63F0219EFA261D4">4107</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="3AFDCAB39CFEF0389C8148EF4AA55E01" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4107.4.2</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="B8532F1F8F18FFE0FF6CFA61FEE62B5E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="multiple">
<treatment id="597587E28F18FFE0FF6CFA61FEE62B5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5670324" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120620942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5670324" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:597587E28F18FFE0FF6CFA61FEE62B5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/597587E28F18FFE0FF6CFA61FEE62B5E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F18FFE7FF6CFA61FDC029DE" box="[151,559,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF6CFA61FDC029DE" blockId="3.[151,559,1494,1554]" box="[151,559,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<heading id="8A2B81988F18FFE7FF6CFA61FDC029DE" bold="true" box="[151,559,1494,1520]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FF6CFA61FDC029DE" bold="true" box="[151,559,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F18FFE7FEECFA61FE4629DE" box="[279,425,1494,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FEECFA61FE4629DE" bold="true" box="[279,425,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Oculogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F89B579D8F18FFE7FE4BFA61FDC029DE" box="[432,559,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">subgen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F18FFE7FF6CFA4EFEF72A3C" box="[151,280,1529,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="description">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF6CFA4EFEF72A3C" blockId="3.[151,559,1494,1554]" box="[151,280,1529,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
(
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F18FFE7FF64FA4EFEFF2A3C" box="[159,272,1529,1554]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStart-1="FIGURES 11 – 20" captionStart-10="FIGURES 68 – 72" captionStart-11="FIGURES 73 – 75" captionStart-12="FIGURES 76 – 79" captionStart-2="FIGURES 21 – 29" captionStart-3="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStart-4="FIGURES 33 – 37" captionStart-5="FIGURES 38 – 42" captionStart-6="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStart-7="FIGURES 49 – 58" captionStart-8="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStart-9="FIGURES 65 – 67" captionStartId-0="6.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,264,1612,1635]" captionStartId-10="20.[151,264,1647,1670]" captionStartId-11="21.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionStartId-12="22.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,264,1845,1868]" captionStartId-4="10.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionStartId-5="11.[151,264,1844,1867]" captionStartId-6="16.[151,264,1836,1859]" captionStartId-7="17.[151,264,1666,1689]" captionStartId-8="18.[151,264,1933,1956]" captionStartId-9="19.[151,264,1843,1866]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1436,277,1881]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1415,207,1574]" captionTargetBox-10="[170,1417,193,1625]" captionTargetBox-11="[170,1416,545,1879]" captionTargetBox-12="[170,1415,193,1957]" captionTargetBox-2="[212,1367,193,1904]" captionTargetBox-3="[200,1361,197,1812]" captionTargetBox-4="[170,1416,193,1834]" captionTargetBox-5="[170,1416,193,1823]" captionTargetBox-6="[170,1408,196,1806]" captionTargetBox-7="[162,1426,196,1637]" captionTargetBox-8="[187,1393,193,1915]" captionTargetBox-9="[163,1414,196,1810]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,265,1883]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1591]" captionTargetId-10="figure@20.[170,1417,193,1626]" captionTargetId-11="figure@21.[170,1417,545,1881]" captionTargetId-12="figure@22.[170,1417,193,1957]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[212,1367,193,1905]" captionTargetId-3="figure@9.[195,1372,193,1826]" captionTargetId-4="figure@10.[170,1417,193,1835]" captionTargetId-5="figure@11.[170,1417,193,1824]" captionTargetId-6="figure@16.[170,1417,193,1816]" captionTargetId-7="figure@17.[151,1436,187,1653]" captionTargetId-8="figure@18.[187,1394,193,1916]" captionTargetId-9="figure@19.[163,1423,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-10="20" captionTargetPageId-11="21" captionTargetPageId-12="22" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="16" captionTargetPageId-7="17" captionTargetPageId-8="18" captionTargetPageId-9="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 10. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, larva. 1 – 7, tergalii of I – VII pairs (specimen from Uganda); 8, 9, apices of left and right mandibles, dorsal view; 10, apex of right mandible, apical view. Abbreviations: in 1, in 2, in 3, in 4, denticles of incisor; in-V, ventral denticle of incisor; kd 1, kd 2, kd 3, denticles of kinetodontium." captionText-1="FIGURES 11 – 20. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, larva. 11 – 17, tergalii of I – VII pairs (specimen from Zambia); 18, frontal suture; 19, claw; 20, fore leg, anterior view (fine setae not shown; dots show bases of fine setae forming regular rows on apical part of femur, proximal part of tibia and proximal part of tarsus)." captionText-10="FIGURES 68 – 72. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n. 68, mature female larva (reddish paired hypodermal spots on abdominal terga IV, VII and VIII visible through cuticle); 69, subimaginal abdomen extracted from mature female larva (holotype); 70, mature male larva (reddish hypodermal markings on abdominal terga IV, VII and VIII visible through cuticle); 71, subimaginal abdomen extracted from this larva; 72, male imago." captionText-11="FIGURES 73 – 75. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., male imago. 73 – 74, the same specimen at different light; 75, head and thorax of another specimen." captionText-12="FIGURES 76 – 79. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., female imago. 76, 77, lateral and dorsal view; 78, 79, part of prothorax and part of abdomen with black eyes and ocelli of embryos visible through integument." captionText-2="FIGURES 21 – 29. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, larvae from Zambia. 21, cercus and paracercus; 22, distal part of cercus; 23 – 25, abdominal terga and sterna; 26, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 27, subimaginal exuviae of right half of mesonotum; 28, maxilla; 29, labrum." captionText-3="FIGURES 30 – 32. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum from Zambia. 30, genitals of male imago (at left half gonovectal muscles shown by interrupted lines, hidden part of penis shown by interrupted line and dotted, gonostylar muscle not shown; at right half gonostylar muscle shown by interrupted lines, gonovectal muscles not shown; median styligeral muscle shown by interrupted lines, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles shown by dotted lines). 31, exuviae of subimaginal genitals; 32, wing. Abbreviations: 1, 2, 3, segments of gonostylus; mIX-X, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles (i. e., muscles going from sternum IX to common base of paraprocts); usg, unistyliger." captionText-4="FIGURES 33 – 37. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum. 33, 34, male imagoes; 35, subimaginal abdomen extracted from mature male larva; 36, subimaginal abdomen extracted from mature female larva; 37, subimaginal exuviae of postsubalar sclerite and lateropostnotal crest (33, 35 – 37, specimens from Zambia; 34, specimen from Uganda)." captionText-5="FIGURES 38 – 42. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, female imago. 38, head and prothorax in Canadian balsam with embryos visible inside; 39, enlarged embryo with focus on median ocellus and mandibles; 40, mature female imago free of embryos; 41, abdomen of female imago with embryos (black eyes and ocelli visible through integument); 42, embryo extracted from female imago (38, 39, 41, 42, from Uganda; 40, from Zambezi). Abbreviations: md, mandibles; oc, future facetted eye; ocl. l., lateral ocellus; ocl. m., median ocellus." captionText-6="FIGURES 43 – 48. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., larva. 43, labrum, 44, 45, apices of left and right mandibles; 46, maxilla, dorsal view; 47, half of labium, ventral view; 48, the same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: ds 1, ds 2, ds 3, dentisetae; in 1, in 2, in 3, in 4, denticles of incisor; in-V, ventral denticle of incisor; kd 1, kd 2, kd 3, denticles of kinetodontium." captionText-7="FIGURES 49 – 58. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., larva. 49 – 55, tergalii I – VII; 56, fore leg, anterior view (fine setae not shown; dots show bases of fine setae forming regular rows on apical part of femur, proximal part of tibia and proximal part of tarsus); 57, claw; 58, paraproct (49 – 52, 54 – 55, 58, holotype)." captionText-8="FIGURES 59 – 64. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., larva. 59, paracercus and cercus (with subimaginal cercus inside); 60, distal part of cercus; 61, posterior margin of abdominal tergum X; 62, fragment of abdominal tergum III; 63, fragment of abdominal sternum VI; 64, tergalius VI (arrow shows additional middle rib) (59, 60, holotype)." captionText-9="FIGURES 65 – 67. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n. 65, genitals of male imago (at left half gonovectal muscles shown by interrupted lines, hidden part of penis shown by interrupted line and dotted, gonostylar muscle not shown; at right half gonostylar muscle shown by interrupted lines, gonovectal muscles not shown; median styligeral muscle shown by interrupted lines, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles shown by dotted lines). 66, genitals of male subimago; 67, wing. Abbreviations: 1, 2, 3, segments of gonostylus; mIX-X, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles (i. e., muscles going from sternum IX to common base of paraprocts); usg, unistyliger." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/271361/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/271362/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/271371/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/271372/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/271373/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/271363/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/271364/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/271365/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/271366/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/271367/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/271368/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/271369/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/271370/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Figs 1–79</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F18FFE7FF6CF9F6FDF42A58" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF6CF9F6FDE52A79" blockId="3.[151,539,1601,1654]" box="[151,522,1601,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
Hierarchical name:
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F18FFE7FEA5F9F6FE302A79" box="[350,479,1601,1623]" genus="Procleon" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Oculogaster">Oculogaster</taxonomicName>
/g(1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF6CF9D6FDF42A58" blockId="3.[151,539,1601,1654]" box="[151,539,1632,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F1CC11DA8F18FFE7FF6CF9D6FDF42A58" box="[151,539,1632,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
=
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F18FFE7FF57F9D7FED02A58" box="[172,319,1632,1654]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Austrocloeon</taxonomicName>
/g(1):
<treatmentCitation id="507D10E58F18FFE7FE89F9D7FDF42A58" author="Kluge" box="[370,539,1632,1654]" page="362" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F18FFE7FE89F9D7FE032A58" author="Kluge" box="[370,492,1632,1654]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" refString="Kluge, N. J. (2011) Non-African representatives of the plesiomorphion Protopatellata (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Russian Entomological Journal, 20 (4), 361 - 376." type="journal article" year="2011">Kluge 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 362
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F18FFE7FF6CF915FCE32A95" box="[151,780,1698,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF6CF915FCE32A95" blockId="3.[151,1437,1698,2011]" box="[151,780,1698,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FF6CF915FEDB2A95" bold="true" box="[151,308,1698,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F18FFE7FF6CF915FF3D2A95" box="[151,210,1698,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F18FFE7FEC0F914FCE72A95" ID-CoL="4MNVW" authority="Kimmins 1956" authorityName="Kimmins" authorityYear="1956" box="[315,776,1698,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FEC0F914FDB82A95" box="[315,599,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Procloeon cylindroculum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F18FFE7FDA6F915FCE72A95" author="Kimmins" box="[605,776,1698,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1956) Ephemeroptera from Nyasaland, with description of three new species and some interesting nymphal forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8 (95), 859 - 880." type="journal article" year="1956">Kimmins 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F18FFE7FF3CF971FDC62B09" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF3CF971FDC62B09" blockId="3.[151,1437,1698,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FF3CF971FEA12AF1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1734,1759]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Etymology.</emphasis>
From
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FE60F971FE0B2AF0" box="[411,484,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">oculus</emphasis>
(Latin), eye, and γαστηρ (Greek) or
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FC77F970FC072AF0" box="[908,1000,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">gastrum</emphasis>
(Latin), abdomen. The name refers to many black eyes and ocelli of embryos visible through integument of female imago inside its abdomen and other body parts (
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F18FFE7FEE0F8B9FE292B09" box="[283,454,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 42" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1417,193,1824]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 42. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, female imago. 38, head and prothorax in Canadian balsam with embryos visible inside; 39, enlarged embryo with focus on median ocellus and mandibles; 40, mature female imago free of embryos; 41, abdomen of female imago with embryos (black eyes and ocelli visible through integument); 42, embryo extracted from female imago (38, 39, 41, 42, from Uganda; 40, from Zambezi). Abbreviations: md, mandibles; oc, future facetted eye; ocl. l., lateral ocellus; ocl. m., median ocellus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271366/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Figs 38, 39, 41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F18FFE7FE29F8B9FDF32B09" box="[466,540,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 79" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[170,1415,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[170,1417,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 79. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., female imago. 76, 77, lateral and dorsal view; 78, 79, part of prothorax and part of abdomen with black eyes and ocelli of embryos visible through integument." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271373/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">76–79</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F18FFE0FF3CF885FD482E36" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="3" pageNumber="494" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE7FF3CF885FED12B65" blockId="3.[151,1437,1698,2011]" box="[199,318,1842,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F18FFE0FF3CF8E1FE352CD9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1698,2011]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F18FFE7FF3CF8E1FF082B41" bold="true" box="[199,231,1878,1903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">(1)</emphasis>
Viviparous. Mature female imago is filled with embryos at such stage of development, when eyes and ocelli represent 5 black spots and mandibles have well sclerotized biting projections (incisor, kinetodontium and mola) (
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F18FFE7FF13F829FE782B99" box="[232,407,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 42" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1417,193,1824]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 42. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, female imago. 38, head and prothorax in Canadian balsam with embryos visible inside; 39, enlarged embryo with focus on median ocellus and mandibles; 40, mature female imago free of embryos; 41, abdomen of female imago with embryos (black eyes and ocelli visible through integument); 42, embryo extracted from female imago (38, 39, 41, 42, from Uganda; 40, from Zambezi). Abbreviations: md, mandibles; oc, future facetted eye; ocl. l., lateral ocellus; ocl. m., median ocellus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271366/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Figs 38, 39, 42</figureCitation>
). These embryos are not covered with rigid egg chorion, so that their black eyes and ocelli are well visible through the mother's integument (
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F18FFE7FD32F875FCCF2BF5" box="[713,800,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 42" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,193,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[170,1417,193,1824]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 42. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, female imago. 38, head and prothorax in Canadian balsam with embryos visible inside; 39, enlarged embryo with focus on median ocellus and mandibles; 40, mature female imago free of embryos; 41, abdomen of female imago with embryos (black eyes and ocelli visible through integument); 42, embryo extracted from female imago (38, 39, 41, 42, from Uganda; 40, from Zambezi). Abbreviations: md, mandibles; oc, future facetted eye; ocl. l., lateral ocellus; ocl. m., median ocellus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271366/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">Figs 41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F18FFE7FCD6F875FC982BF5" box="[813,887,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 76 – 79" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[170,1415,193,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[170,1417,193,1957]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 76 – 79. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., female imago. 76, 77, lateral and dorsal view; 78, 79, part of prothorax and part of abdomen with black eyes and ocelli of embryos visible through integument." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271373/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="494">76–79</figureCitation>
). In mature female larvae, in female subimagoes and in young female imago reared in cage, eggs are small and soft, without embryos; probably, embryos are developed only in fertilized females. Among
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD5FFF0BFCBD2CFB" box="[676,850,188,213]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Ephemeroptera</taxonomicName>
, besides
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC47FF0BFBAA2CFA" box="[956,1093,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Oculogaster</emphasis>
, viviparity is known only for
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFF57FF072CD6" box="[151,232,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFF57FF072CD6" box="[151,232,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F89B579D8F1FFFE0FF14FF57FECD2CD9" box="[239,290,224,247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FEA3FF57FE3C2CD6" box="[344,467,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Callibaetis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FEA3FF57FE3C2CD6" box="[344,467,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Callibaetis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFEB3FDAA2D83" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF3CFEB3FF072D33" bold="true" box="[199,232,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">(2)</emphasis>
Pterostigma with one vein only; this vein is always well-expressed, complete, oblique and non-branched (
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F1FFFE0FF64FE90FF162D6E" box="[159,249,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1845,1868]" captionTargetBox="[200,1361,197,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[195,1372,193,1826]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 32. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum from Zambia. 30, genitals of male imago (at left half gonovectal muscles shown by interrupted lines, hidden part of penis shown by interrupted line and dotted, gonostylar muscle not shown; at right half gonostylar muscle shown by interrupted lines, gonovectal muscles not shown; median styligeral muscle shown by interrupted lines, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles shown by dotted lines). 31, exuviae of subimaginal genitals; 32, wing. Abbreviations: 1, 2, 3, segments of gonostylus; mIX-X, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles (i. e., muscles going from sternum IX to common base of paraprocts); usg, unistyliger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271364/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Figs 32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F1FFFE0FEFCFE90FEC82D6E" box="[263,295,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 67" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1843,1866]" captionTargetBox="[163,1414,196,1810]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[163,1423,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 67. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n. 65, genitals of male imago (at left half gonovectal muscles shown by interrupted lines, hidden part of penis shown by interrupted line and dotted, gonostylar muscle not shown; at right half gonostylar muscle shown by interrupted lines, gonovectal muscles not shown; median styligeral muscle shown by interrupted lines, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles shown by dotted lines). 66, genitals of male subimago; 67, wing. Abbreviations: 1, 2, 3, segments of gonostylus; mIX-X, areas of anterior attachment of median paraproctal muscles (i. e., muscles going from sternum IX to common base of paraprocts); usg, unistyliger." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271370/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">67</figureCitation>
). Among more than
<specimenCount id="C7DAFD7D8F1FFFE0FDE1FE9FFD2C2D6E" box="[538,707,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="generic">300 specimens</specimenCount>
examined, only 4 aberrant specimens of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FB5FFE9EFA732D6E" box="[1188,1436,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB5FFE9EFB5D2D6E" box="[1188,1202,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB37FE9FFB0F2D11" box="[1228,1248,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FB37FE9FFB0F2D11" box="[1228,1248,296,319]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB00FE9FFA732D6E" box="[1275,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">cylindroculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found:
<specimenCount id="C7DAFD7D8F1FFFE0FEDDFEFBFE9D2D4B" box="[294,370,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
imagoes from
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FDE4FEFBFD992D4B" box="[543,630,332,357]" name="Uganda" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Uganda</collectingCountry>
and
<specimenCount id="C7DAFD7D8F1FFFE0FD54FEFBFCFE2D4B" box="[687,785,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
imagoes from
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FC46FEFBFC1D2D4B" box="[957,1010,332,357]" name="Serbia" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Mali</collectingCountry>
have 2 or 1½ veins in pterostigma of one wing and one vein in pterostigma of another wing. In all other mayfly taxa number of veins in pterostigma is more than one and varies individually.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFE00FD482E36" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF3CFE00FF072DFE" bold="true" box="[199,232,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">(3)</emphasis>
Larvae of both known species constantly have two or more enlarged spine-like setae on apex of femur (
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F1FFFE0FA91FE00FF592DDA" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 20" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1612,1635]" captionTargetBox="[160,1415,207,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1591]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 20. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, larva. 11 – 17, tergalii of I – VII pairs (specimen from Zambia); 18, frontal suture; 19, claw; 20, fore leg, anterior view (fine setae not shown; dots show bases of fine setae forming regular rows on apical part of femur, proximal part of tibia and proximal part of tarsus)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271362/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Figs 20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F1FFFE0FF3FFE6BFF0B2DDB" box="[196,228,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 58" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1666,1689]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,196,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,187,1653]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 58. Procloeon (Oculogaster) album sp. n., larva. 49 – 55, tergalii I – VII; 56, fore leg, anterior view (fine setae not shown; dots show bases of fine setae forming regular rows on apical part of femur, proximal part of tibia and proximal part of tarsus); 57, claw; 58, paraproct (49 – 52, 54 – 55, 58, holotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271368/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">56</figureCitation>
). In most other examined larvae of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD7FFE6BFD172DDA" box="[644,760,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD7FFE6BFD172DDA" box="[644,760,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F89B579D8F1FFFE0FCF9FE6AFCC22DDB" box="[770,813,476,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, apex of femur either lacks setae, or bears occasional seta(e) as small as setae on outer side of femur.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F1FFFE0FF3CFD93FD012E13" box="[199,750,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFD93FD012E13" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" box="[199,750,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF3CFD93FE8F2E13" bold="true" box="[199,352,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Distribution.</emphasis>
Afrotropical and Oriental Regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C6657F8F1FFFE0FF3CFDF0FEE62B5E" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFDF0FE162EE3" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF3CFDF0FE882E4E" bold="true" box="[199,359,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Composition.</emphasis>
Two species,
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FDEEFDFEFC252E4E" authority="Kimmins 1956" authorityName="Kimmins" authorityYear="1956" box="[533,970,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FDEEFDFEFDCC2E4E" box="[533,547,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FDC4FDFFFDBC2E71" box="[575,595,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FDC4FDFFFDBC2E71" box="[575,595,584,607]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD8BFDFFFCFF2E4E" box="[624,784,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">cylindroculum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FCE5FDF0FC252E4E" author="Kimmins" box="[798,970,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1956) Ephemeroptera from Nyasaland, with description of three new species and some interesting nymphal forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8 (95), 859 - 880." type="journal article" year="1956">Kimmins 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FBF7FDFEFB422E4E" box="[1036,1197,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="album" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FBF7FDFEFBF52E4E" box="[1036,1050,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FBCDFDFFFBA52E71" box="[1078,1098,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FBCDFDFFFBA52E71" box="[1078,1098,584,607]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB9CFDFFFB422E4E" box="[1127,1197,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">album</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F89B579D8F1FFFE0FB41FDFFFB002E71" box="[1210,1263,584,607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Possibly, here belongs also the species described as
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FDC7FDDBFCB22EAA" authority="Gillies 1949" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1949" box="[572,861,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julia">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FDC7FDDBFD272EAA" box="[572,712,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon julia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD34FDDBFCB22EAA" author="Gillies" box="[719,861,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1949) Notes on some Ephemeroptera Baetidae from India and South-East Asia. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society London, 100, 161 - 177. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1949. tb 01429. x" type="journal article" year="1949">Gillies 1949</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; it is known as a single female imago from
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FAB3FDDBFA732EAB" box="[1352,1436,620,645]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Malaya</collectingCountry>
Peninsula; according to the original description, it has one vein in pterostigma and &quot;might be placed in the genus
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFD03FEE42EE2" authority="Gillies 1949: 176" authorityName="Gillies" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,267,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFD03FEE42EE2" box="[151,267,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FEDFFD03FE022EE3" author="Gillies" box="[292,493,692,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1949) Notes on some Ephemeroptera Baetidae from India and South-East Asia. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society London, 100, 161 - 177. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1949. tb 01429. x" type="journal article" year="1949">Gillies 1949: 176</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFD60FCE02F72" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF3CFD60FDBC2EDE" bold="true" box="[199,595,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
Status of the name
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE4AFD60FDA42EDE" box="[433,587,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE4AFD60FDA42EDE" bold="true" box="[433,587,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
One of the species included to the subgenus
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FBA7FD6FFB0A2EDE" box="[1116,1253,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Oculogaster</emphasis>
, namely
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FAABFD6EFED72F3A" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FAABFD6EFAB12EDE" box="[1360,1374,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FA8CFD6FFA642EC1" box="[1399,1419,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FA8CFD6FFA642EC1" box="[1399,1419,728,751]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFD4BFED72F3A" box="[151,312,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">cylindroculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, probably is conspecific with the species erroneously determined by
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FB97FD4BFAF22F3A" author="Barnard" box="[1132,1309,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard (1932)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FAB0FD4BFDED2F16" authority="Esben-Petersen 1913" authorityName="Esben-Petersen" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FAB0FD4BFEE52F16" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon africanum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FEEFFCA8FDED2F16" author="Esben-Petersen" box="[276,514,799,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1913) Ephemeridae from South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 10 (6), 177 - 187." type="journal article" year="1913">Esben-Petersen 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[see discussion under
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FCF1FC96FBEE2F16" box="[778,1025,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FCF1FC96FCF72F16" box="[778,792,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FCC9FC97FCA92F19" box="[818,838,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FCC9FC97FCA92F19" box="[818,838,800,823]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC9BFC97FBEE2F16" box="[864,1025,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">cylindroculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], which was designated as the
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FA97FC97FA732F16" box="[1388,1436,800,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species of the generic name
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE28FCF3FCE32F72" authority="Barnard 1932" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[467,780,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE28FCF3FD872F72" box="[467,616,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD95FCF3FCE32F72" author="Barnard" box="[622,780,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFCD0FC202991" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FF3CFCD0FE9C2FAE" author="Barnard" box="[199,371,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard (1932)</bibRefCitation>
established the genus
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD88FCDFFCE72FAE" box="[627,776,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD88FCDFFCE72FAE" box="[627,776,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to comprise two species,
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FBD6FCDFFAD22FAE" box="[1069,1341,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FBD6FCDFFAD22FAE" box="[1069,1341,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Esben-
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FF6CFC3AFED92F8A" author="Petersen" box="[151,310,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1913) Ephemeridae from South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 10 (6), 177 - 187." type="journal article" year="1913">Petersen 1913</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE8FFC3BFCFD2F8A" authority="Barnard 1932" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[372,786,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgiliae">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE8FFC3BFD812F8A" box="[372,622,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon virgiliae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD8FFC3BFCFD2F8A" author="Barnard" box="[628,786,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Subsequently
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FC41FC3BFB8A2F8A" author="Barnard" box="[954,1125,908,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1940) Additional records, and descriptions of new species of South-African alder-flies (Megaloptera), may-flies (Ephemeroptera), caddies-flies (Trichoptera), stone-flies (Plecoptera), and dragon-flies (Odonata). Annals of the South African Museum, 32, 609 - 661." type="journal article" year="1940">Barnard (1940)</bibRefCitation>
designated
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FB10FC3BFA912F8A" box="[1259,1406,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB10FC3BFA912F8A" box="[1259,1406,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">A. africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FF38FC07FF1C2FE6" box="[195,243,944,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE82FC07FDE22FE6" box="[377,525,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE82FC07FDE22FE6" box="[377,525,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD65FC07FCDC2FE6" box="[670,819,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD65FC07FCDC2FE6" box="[670,819,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally characterized as combining characters ascribed to the genera
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE66FC63FE012FC2" box="[413,494,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE66FC63FE012FC2" box="[413,494,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and to
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FDB1FC63FD512FC2" box="[586,702,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FDB1FC63FD512FC2" box="[586,702,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (1) labial palp apically clavate (as in
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FB7BFC63FB1B2FC2" box="[1152,1268,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB7BFC63FB1B2FC2" box="[1152,1268,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFC4FFF07283E" box="[151,232,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFC4FFF07283E" box="[151,232,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (2) maxillary palp 2-jointed (as in
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD7AFC4FFD1A283E" box="[641,757,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD7AFC4FFD1A283E" box="[641,757,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FC60FC4FFC03283E" box="[923,1004,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC60FC4FFC03283E" box="[923,1004,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (3) tergalii with dorsal lamella (as in
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFBABFF07281A" box="[151,232,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFBABFF07281A" box="[151,232,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE63FBABFDE3281A" box="[408,524,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE63FBABFDE3281A" box="[408,524,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). This comparison was based on the Bengtsson's (1914) diagnosis of the genus
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFBF7FEE42876" box="[151,267,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFBF7FEE42876" box="[151,267,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(under the preoccupied name “
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD97FBF7FCE62876" box="[620,777,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Pseudocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD97FBF7FCE62876" box="[620,777,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Pseudocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”), which was based on a single species
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FB37FBF7FE8D2852" authority="Bengtsson 1912" authorityName="Bengtsson" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifidum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FB37FBF7FA742876" box="[1228,1435,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon bifidum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FF65FBD3FEB62852" author="Bengtsson" box="[158,345,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Bengtsson, S. (1912) Neue Ephemeriden aus Schweden. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 33 (1 - 2), 107 - 117." type="journal article" year="1912">Bengtsson 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Actually, these characters are species-specific or even individual ones: among African species of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF4FFB3FFEEA288E" box="[180,261,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF4FFB3FFEEA288E" box="[180,261,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F89B579D8F1FFFE0FEF7FB3FFEAE28B1" box="[268,321,1160,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" sensu="stricto">s.str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, last segment of labial palp varies from narrow (i.g., in
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FC51FB3FFB14288E" authority="Barnard 1932" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[938,1275,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perkinsi">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC51FB3FFBB4288E" box="[938,1115,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon perkinsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FB99FB30FB14288E" author="Barnard" box="[1122,1275,1159,1184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) to wide (e.g., in
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF4FFB1BFDF928EB" authority="Lestage1924" authorityName="Lestage" authorityYear="1924" box="[180,534,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaeleni">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF4FFB1BFE9F28EA" box="[180,368,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon smaeleni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FE8CFB1BFDF928EB" author="Lestage" box="[375,534,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Lestage, J. - A. (1924 b) Etudes sur les Ephemeres du Congo Belge. II. - Un nouveau Cloeon du Katanga (Cloeon smaeleni nov. sp.). Revue Zoologique Africaine, 12 (4), 426 - 428." type="journal article" year="1924" yearSuffix="b">Lestage1924b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FDD6FB1BFC3428EB" author="Gillies" box="[557,987,1196,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1980) An introduction to the study of Cloeon Leach (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) in West Africa. Bulletin de l'Institute Francaise d'Afrique Noire, Serie A, 42 (1), 135 - 156." type="journal article" year="1980">Gillies 1980 and my own observation</bibRefCitation>
); number of segments of maxillary palp can vary even individually (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FDFFFB78FCF328C6" author="Kluge" box="[516,796,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Kluge, N. J. &amp; Novikova, E. A. (1992) [Revision of the Palaearctic genera and subgenera of mayflies of the subfamily Cloeoninae (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) with description of new species from the USSR]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (Revue d'Entomologie de l'URSS), 71 (1), 60 - 83. [in Russian, English translation: Entomological Review, 71 (9), 29 - 54] Kluge, N. J. &amp; Novikova, E. A. (2011) Systematics of the mayfly taxon Acentrella (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), with description of new Asian and African species. Russian Entomological Journal, 20 (1), 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1992">Kluge &amp; Novikova 1992</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="49E72A718F1FFFE0FCDDFB78FC8528C6" box="[806,874,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,277,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Procloeon (Oculogaster) cylindroculum, larva. 1 – 7, tergalii of I – VII pairs (specimen from Uganda); 8, 9, apices of left and right mandibles, dorsal view; 10, apex of right mandible, apical view. Abbreviations: in 1, in 2, in 3, in 4, denticles of incisor; in-V, ventral denticle of incisor; kd 1, kd 2, kd 3, denticles of kinetodontium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271361/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
: 20–22); presence/absence of the additional dorsal lamella on tergalii varies among species of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FD69FB43FCE92922" box="[658,774,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FD69FB43FCE92922" box="[658,774,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and individually (
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FC20FB43FB102922" author="Kluge" box="[987,1279,1268,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Kluge, N. J. &amp; Novikova, E. A. (1992) [Revision of the Palaearctic genera and subgenera of mayflies of the subfamily Cloeoninae (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) with description of new species from the USSR]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (Revue d'Entomologie de l'URSS), 71 (1), 60 - 83. [in Russian, English translation: Entomological Review, 71 (9), 29 - 54] Kluge, N. J. &amp; Novikova, E. A. (2011) Systematics of the mayfly taxon Acentrella (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), with description of new Asian and African species. Russian Entomological Journal, 20 (1), 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1992">Kluge &amp; Novikova 1992</bibRefCitation>
). The species
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFAAFFF1A291E" box="[151,245,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgiliae">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFAAFFF1A291E" box="[151,245,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">virgiliae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FEF7FAAFFE4F291E" box="[268,416,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FEF7FAAFFE4F291E" box="[268,416,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] belongs to
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FDC4FAAFFD7F291E" box="[575,656,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FDC4FAAFFD7F291E" box="[575,656,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F89B579D8F1FFFE0FD66FAAFFD302901" box="[669,735,1304,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD0FFAA0FC67291E" author="Gillies" box="[756,904,1303,1328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1985) A preliminary account of the East African species of Cloeon Leach and Rhithrocloeon gen. n. (Ephemeroptera). Aquatic Insects, 7 (1), 1 - 17. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428509361193" type="journal article" year="1985">Gillies 1985</bibRefCitation>
), and the species determined by Barnard as
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF6CFA8BFEE5297A" box="[151,266,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF6CFA8BFEE5297A" box="[151,266,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FEE1FA8BFE84297A" box="[282,363,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FEE1FA8BFE84297A" box="[282,363,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], belongs to
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE06FA8BFD9E297A" box="[509,625,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE06FA8BFD9E297A" box="[509,625,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD84FA8BFCC5297B" author="Kimmins" box="[639,810,1340,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1956) Ephemeroptera from Nyasaland, with description of three new species and some interesting nymphal forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8 (95), 859 - 880." type="journal article" year="1956">Kimmins 1956</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FCCDFA8BFC2B297A" author="Gillies" box="[822,964,1340,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1997) A new species of Procloeon Bengtsson from the forest zone of West Africa (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 133, 247 - 250." type="journal article" year="1997">Gillies 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Recently the generic name
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FAF3FA8BFA73297A" box="[1288,1436,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FAF3FA8BFA73297A" box="[1288,1436,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is out of use, being either declared to be a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FC2BFAD7FB002956" authority="Demoulin 1970" authorityName="Demoulin" authorityYear="1970" box="[976,1263,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC2BFAD7FBCE2956" box="[976,1057,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FBCAFAE8FB082956" author="Demoulin" box="[1073,1255,1375,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Demoulin, G. (1970) Ephemeroptera des faunes ethiopienne et malgache. In: Hanstrom, Bertil, Per Brinck &amp; Gustaf Rudebeck (Eds.), South African Animal Life, 14, pp. 24 - 170. [Results of the Lunds University Expedition in 1950 - 1951]" type="journal article" year="1970">Demoulin 1970</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, or treated as a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE1EFA33FDB629B2" box="[485,601,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE1EFA33FDB629B2" box="[485,601,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Procloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD5BFA33FCA529B3" author="Kimmins" box="[672,842,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Kimmins, D. E. (1956) Ephemeroptera from Nyasaland, with description of three new species and some interesting nymphal forms. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 8 (95), 859 - 880." type="journal article" year="1956">Kimmins 1956</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FCAEFA33FC0C29B2" author="Gillies" box="[853,995,1412,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1997) A new species of Procloeon Bengtsson from the forest zone of West Africa (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 133, 247 - 250." type="journal article" year="1997">Gillies 1997</bibRefCitation>
). The question is, to which taxon in the new classification should be applied the genus-group name
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FCCFFA1FFC2729EE" box="[820,968,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FCCFFA1FFC2729EE" box="[820,968,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D16336F48F1FFFE0FF3CFA7BFEE62B5E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FF3CFA7BFF0929CA" box="[199,230,1484,1508]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">As</collectingCountry>
shown below, the species identified by
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD5BFA7BFCA429CA" author="Barnard" box="[672,843,1484,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard (1932)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FC94FA7BFBED29CA" box="[879,1026,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC94FA7BFBED29CA" box="[879,1026,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">C. africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is not conspecific with the
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FAC1FA7BFA7329CB" box="[1338,1436,1484,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species name, so the original description of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FCEBFA47FC4B2A26" box="[784,932,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FCEBFA47FC4B2A26" box="[784,932,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on misidentified
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FAFDFA47FAD92A26" box="[1286,1334,1520,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species. According to the Article 70.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, “If an author discovers that a
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FF6CF98FFF282A7E" box="[151,199,1592,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species was misidentified ... the author may select, and thereby fix as
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FC27F98FFBE32A7E" box="[988,1036,1592,1616]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species, the species that will, in his or her judgment, best serve stability and universality, either (70.3.1.) the nominal species previously cited as
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FA97F9EAFA732A5B" box="[1388,1436,1629,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species [Arts. 68, 69], or (70.3.2.) the taxonomic species actually involved in the misidentification”. I regard that in this case fixation of the nominal species is preferable, because the taxon originally described under the generic name
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FF21F97FFE802ACE" box="[218,367,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF21F97FFE802ACE" box="[218,367,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had neither characters, nor formal composition common with the taxon recently proposed for
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FA7CF97EFE832B2A" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindroculum" subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FA7CF97EFA752ACE" box="[1415,1434,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF5BF95BFF5B2B2D" box="[160,180,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FF5BF95BFF5B2B2D" box="[160,180,1772,1795]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FF30F95BFE832B2A" box="[203,364,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">cylindroculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE59F95AFDD82B2A" box="[418,567,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Procloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="album" subGenus="Oculogaster">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE59F95AFE5B2B2A" box="[418,436,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE3DF95BFE352B2D" box="[454,474,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">
<collectingCountry id="A9CB76648F1FFFE0FE3DF95BFE352B2D" box="[454,474,1772,1795]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">O</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE0AF95BFDD82B2A" box="[497,567,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">album</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, the
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FD4FF95AFD0B2B2B" box="[692,740,1773,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FC9BF95BFB7B2B2A" authority="Barnard 1932" authorityName="Barnard" authorityYear="1932" box="[864,1172,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FC9BF95BFC1B2B2A" box="[864,1012,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FC00F95BFB7B2B2A" author="Barnard" box="[1019,1172,1772,1797]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is the species, to which belongs the
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FEDAF8B8FE6C2B06" box="[289,387,1807,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FE50F8A7FC802B06" authority="Esben-Petersen 1913" authorityName="Esben-Petersen" authorityYear="1913" box="[427,879,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Cloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FE50F8A7FD982B06" box="[427,631,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Cloeon africanum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FD84F8B8FC802B06" author="Esben-Petersen" box="[639,879,1807,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Esben-Petersen, P. (1913) Ephemeridae from South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 10 (6), 177 - 187." type="journal article" year="1913">Esben-Petersen 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but not the species described by
<bibRefCitation id="B54D4B058F1FFFE0FB14F8B8FA732B06" author="Barnard" box="[1263,1436,1807,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201 - 259. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359193209518858" type="journal article" year="1932">Barnard (1932)</bibRefCitation>
under this name. According to this
<typeStatus id="0E6788568F1FFFE0FDC4F882FD802B63" box="[575,623,1845,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">type</typeStatus>
designation,
<taxonomicName id="16DC4D778F1FFFE0FCF4F883FC4C2B62" box="[783,931,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Austrocloeon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FCF4F883FC4C2B62" box="[783,931,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Austrocloeon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not the senior synonym of
<emphasis id="E3A8EAE68F1FFFE0FAEAF883FA742B62" box="[1297,1435,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="495">Oculogaster</emphasis>
subgen. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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