133 lines
16 KiB
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133 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="8152C61BE734A8A6D701C791DC6CDFBF" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150" ID-PMC="PMC5019016" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--8150" ID-PubMed="27651730" ID-ZooBank="262DB958242246B692E61675C3C07DB1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e8150" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens" checkinTime="1553126057039" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Guanyang, Hart, Elwood R & Weirauch, Christiane" docDate="2016" docId="B486E16DE21D3A2D757E05AE65E64136" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8150" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150" docTitle="Zelus grassans Stal 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="8150" masterDocId="570F0E795632FF88A15573625E50C567" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens" masterLastPageNumber="8150" masterPageNumber="8150" pageNumber="8150" updateTime="1701316348929" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08733177D37C8BC5B86527A9B54CF70E">
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<mods:title id="9E18BCE47CDAF876A3E226946D2B34BA">A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="AC841A0F45C4AE3D791DEC9606B63BAE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AAA30B3C50E919359A2AD79FA15EC2BA">Zhang, Guanyang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D73C35741684FF1DCBA840654345CED5">Hart, Elwood R</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D85E3084535F83C5C4E3A4389AC1CC3E">Weirauch, Christiane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E6A6201E2FFFAAF6071F4B6B424D30C7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0B766024F3A1C8922E6E7FFD7D9BE720">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E1D5C06A2F362D05AF64A13E03F53E01">
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<mods:date id="475BF445EB2AEB57796482C27CA46F43">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E3C32117366BAB54E68A4B19920B0CFD" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="991F120F446DAC1DA03D301030253599">4</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="E577DD34EB0117458FDD063080E5B8D4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="57B866ED8F13924EBE273F1862F68FFA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BD349FBF78D8AE9B86482F2A04BCA151" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B26F24964EFEAEBE9443EA74D10B206A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--8150</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B486E16DE21D3A2D757E05AE65E64136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B486E16DE21D3A2D757E05AE65E64136" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B486E16DE21D3A2D757E05AE65E64136" lastPageNumber="8150" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<subSubSection id="EC346CFE4A5FDDDDB2F7B46021DD6F20" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="77F182B6C87DF0D6FA86BDCE76C50E87" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="7851F861A031B1B7CF29FFD5A920458C" ID-CoL="5D24X" authority="Stal, 1862" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus grassans" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grassans">
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Zelus grassans
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<normalizedToken id="B1CE14C2D9781CB27B57A4BB98B960F1" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1862
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EB539A475BCC1E7629709F5827DE434E" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="645CD852693932A3BEDBD2B91257426D" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="C9ACAD04956E273AE8CA5726A8108F12" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus grassans" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grassans">Zelus grassans</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="75336476EE67286ABCC68E8B4AFA41B3" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1862, p, 450, orig. descr.;
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<normalizedToken id="517C6FAA8761EB096A587C649AA226F3" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1872, p. 91, cat.; Lethierry and Severin, 1896, p. 152, cat.; Champion, 1898, p. 256-257, Tab. XV, fig. 16, 17, note and fig.; Kuhlgatz, 1902, p. 266, note; Fracker, 1913, p. 239, 240, key and list (subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="14B8375D9DC2244E7BEA786EC7249C52" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera (Diplodus)" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diplodus">Diplodus</taxonomicName>
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); Wygodzinsky, 1949a, p. 49, checklist; Hart, 1986, p. 546-547, redescription, note, fig. and key; Maldonado, 1990, p. 327, cat.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EC145D78595447F531F35307B341086C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<taxonomicName id="0E377343669D61F846136E01F6D34AC4" family="Sparidae" genus="Diplodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplodus grassans" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grassans">Diplodus grassans</taxonomicName>
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: Walker, 1872, p. 124, cat.; Uhler, 1886, p. 24, checklist.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00BEC2118AA791B1305E09797A4C0C4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="60E86D0FDDBADCF56326F2712A4FF4F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Materials</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D619573226C2C9688D358D8C6A03744" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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<materialsCitation id="0CD5F4F1577E1498E8FBA622D50E74F0" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Signoret" country="MEXICO" location="MEXICO" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" specimenCode="UCR _ ENT 00075073" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus id="F0CF30594E290F4DD505E7FD9F261592" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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<specimenCode id="173273ECF497CB628E71077A841BC32E" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">UCR_ENT 00075073</specimenCode>
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; occurrenceRemarks: Verbatim label info: Mexico coll. Signoret / grassans det. Stal / B.C.A. Rhyn.II. Zelusgrassans St. / Zelusgrassans Stal / Holotype / Lectotypus Zelusgrassans STAL, 1862 etik. Hecher 1996 REDV. 471/1; recordedBy:
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<collectorName id="D48A069E726E6C328C7061ABCB3C6B7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Signoret</collectorName>
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; sex:
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<specimenType id="F4357951C473B13D9DD306BB44005AE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Adult Female</specimenType>
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; Taxon: scientificName: Zelusgrassans; family: Reduviidae; genus: Zelus; scientificNameAuthorship:
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<normalizedToken id="914B4226E512D31DD67EFCD4F95566A7" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1862; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry id="7B575705C44239E0A452246F40A34618" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
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; Identification: identifiedBy:
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<determinerName id="5BA97AF2C9145A37E61B6127B8605790" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">G. Zhang</determinerName>
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; dateIdentified: 2013; Record Level: institutionCode:
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<collectionCode id="B31971A54EA0363C32C62C4A9E33958A" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">NHMW</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="75428A054F0C180F588D492AB93935D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9BAE7B523CF2367FA6E1195C8B9CB458" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="39FAC515CA7B60BB7B506B841519C134" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Figs 91, 92, 93</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="12C32E06EA8B444115C4D3927E195BB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Male: (Fig. 91a, b, c) Medium-sized, total length 12.42-15.02 mm (mean 13.76 mm, Suppl. material 2); slender. COLORATION: Orangish to reddish, with variable amount of black areas. Legs reddish-brown, pro-femur with broad dark bands; meso and meta-femora reddish-brown, apex dark, two narrow indistinct dark bands medially. Black, red or whitish markings on abdominal venter. VESTITURE: Sparsely setose. Head with short, spine-like setae dorsally, finer, short to long semi-erect and erect setae over entire surface. Anterior pronotal lobe with sparse, erect setae on entire surface; posterior lobe with short, heavy, erect setae on dorsal surface, longer laterally. Abdomen with short to moderately long erect setae on entire surface. STRUCTURE: Head: Cylindrical, L/W = 2.22. Postocular lobe short; in dorsal view distinctly narrowing through anterior 1/2, posterior 1/2 constant, tube-like. Eye prominent; lateral margin much wider than postocular lobe; dorsal margin attaining postocular transverse groove, ventral margin removed from ventral surface of head. Labium: I: II: III = 1: 1.5: 0.4. Basiflagellomere diameter larger than that of pedicel. Thorax: Anterolateral angle rounded; medial longitudinal sulcus evident throughout, deepening posteriorly. Posterior pronotal lobe with rugulose surface; disc distinctly elevated above humeral angle; humeral angle rounded or with minute projection. Scutellum short; apex angulate. Legs: Relatively robust, mesofemoral diameter greatest. Hemelytron: Surpassing apex of abdomen by more than length of abdominal segment seven; quadrate cell moderately sized; Cu and M of cubital cell converging. GENITALIA: (Fig. 92) Pygophore: Ovoid; not expanded laterally in dorsal view. Medial process cylindrical; slender; long, only slightly shorter than paramere; laterally somewhat compressed; posteriorly directed; curved at middle; apex in posterior view acute, without modification; base humped in lateral view. Paramere: Sickle-shaped; long, not reaching apex of medial process; directed toward medial process; strongly curved ventrad at mid-point, apex recurved dorsally; apical portion tapered. Phallus: Dorsal phallothecal sclerite somewhat pandurate, fiddle-shaped, medially constricted; apical portion of phallothecal sclerite gradually tapering, flat, laterally rounded, not forming angle; apex abruptly truncate, not emarginate; posterior margin of foramen nearly straight. Struts attached to dorsal phallothecal sclerite; apically separate, connected by bridge; basally separate. Basal plate arm moderately robust; basally slightly touching, not clearly fused; in lateral view very slightly curved; bridge extremely short; extension of basal plate expanded onto arm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A6C06E6B90441F6310BD175F859AED8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Female: (Fig. 91d) Similar to male, except for the following. Larger than male, total length 14.06-18.13 mm (mean 16.91 mm, Suppl. material 2). Reduced amount of dark areas on body, dorsal surface usually yellowish.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="14B6164B371C07801CBF4B47622F84B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="7A2C526308C761C6557B1FE479586569" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9267CDA7A035FDAED866D6F8AA65B6C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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Can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: Humeral angle without or with minute processes; head and legs predominantly reddish; abdominal segments usually banded; pronotum with erect, nearly spine-like setae. Males can also be recognized by the paramere greatly curved at middle and distinctly tapered apically; the medial process curved and directed posteriad; and the dorsal phallothecal sclerite constricted and the apex truncate, without emargination. The only species within the range of
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<taxonomicName id="50207B8784610C09AF12B388C9B471CC" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
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with which the females may be confused is
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<taxonomicName id="C14B9A1CCF63890FB9FDFFC2EAB7EB5A" lsidName="Z. ruficeps" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="ruficeps">Z. ruficeps</taxonomicName>
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. The pronotal armature readily separate them, that of
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<taxonomicName id="D18737C43AD58017992AEDB83598D956" lsidName="Z. ruficeps" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="ruficeps">Z. ruficeps</taxonomicName>
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consisting of broad dentate lateral processes while those of
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<taxonomicName id="4E1058C6D2628D16A6A35F8B5801913A" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
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are as given above.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FA7641F327F6672E4A79281F2D4C9A09" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="672714705637CBA340E1B13E3953DFC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A464E92AF0112292651F05EAAED5F9A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">From Mexico to Panama (Fig. 93). Countries with specimen records: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E4B6F57199FF3578CE9858DB026632EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="taxon discussion">
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<paragraph id="1FB243C249063442BBA7FDF326C33830" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E222AC9FFA9C1CAFD01483780DA50AB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
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There is a great amount of size and color variations in
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<taxonomicName id="BA08016571A1FEEB15D7C7BA3C20C361" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
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. The dorsal coloration varies from almost entirely yellowish with only a narrow transverse dark band near the posterior margins of the pronotal lobes, to almost entirely dark brown. The legs show a similar range of coloration, from almost entirely light to entirely dark. The contrasting black and orange or red colors and the banded abdomen in many specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="9B5CB76147E0BC4D9533C4ADAEF49C05" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
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suggest that they may be mimics of
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<taxonomicName id="309823B560BBD33F2E4635593741AEE3" class="Insecta" family="Pyrrhocoridae" genus="Dysdercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdercus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dysdercus</taxonomicName>
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, whose members have similarly strongly contrasting red and black colors. They have been observed to co-occur on the same plant (Zhang, unpublished), indicating that this may be a case of aggressive mimicry.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |