353 lines
42 KiB
XML
353 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="009BCF204FB3840CF6E61E7A5D35056D">A new species of Zygophylax (Quelch, 1885) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from South Africa, with taxonomic notes on the southern African species of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2DED037866958D5962AD42F29921DC9">Campos, Felipe Ferreira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="87C5D3CAD224A061B76CA2C79A629A37">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. CEP: 50670 - 420</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D7601372653EC3BA5E12382BA9FA533F">Pérez, Carlos Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DFD2C2D013F37D2DED3C191D9FC4324B">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Professor Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. CEP: 50670 - 420 & Núcleo de Biologia, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil. jazintheking @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0866 - 1183</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="57AA998E5D1B6BAF8F35DB8336183C0A">Puce, Stefania</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9295E265E94BE513DA7A670E4A78CC15">Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche. Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy s. puce @ staff. univpm. it; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8163 - 1554</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="07B43D7150A4C0145F425DC89E7D8120">Marques, Antonio Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="239CF00CBABA95B9D5F314B80DEAB10A">Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="BAE563548C412B7CD0892FB499478890">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039887B9C9140D25FF2FFE44FE8DFF24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853154" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164248675" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039887B9C9140D25FF2FFE44FE8DFF24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039887B9C9140D25FF2FFE44FE8DFF24" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="547" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FF2FFE44FD3EFE25" authority="Rees & Vervoort, 1987" authorityName="Rees & Vervoort" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,705,479,506]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="millardae">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF2FFE44FD3EFE25" bold="true" box="[151,705,479,506]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF2FFE44FE5FFE25" bold="true" box="[151,416,479,506]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zygophylax millardae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FE1FFE7BFD3EFE25" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." box="[423,705,479,506]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref11253" refString="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 237, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees & Vervoort, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF2FFD9FFE83FDC1" blockId="12.[151,705,479,542]" box="[151,380,515,542]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<figureCitation id="130A2A2AC9140D24FF2FFD9FFF1CFDC1" box="[151,227,515,542]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,234,1931,1956]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,273,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[160,1428,273,1907]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="PLATE 5. Zygophylax millardae Rees & Vervoort, 1987. (A, B) hydrothecae of hydrocladia; (C) hydrotheca with several renovations; (D) detail of a hydrotheca with a nematotheca on apophysis. Scale: (A–D) 100 µm. (A—RMNH-Coel. slide 16521; B–D RMNH 1984.1.1.18)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3839520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3839520/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Plate 5</figureCitation>
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A–D;
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<tableCitation id="C6B30314C9140D24FE91FD9FFE83FDC1" box="[297,380,516,542]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,239,154,178]" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements of Zygophylax millardae Rees & Vervoort, 1987 and Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905 (in μm)." pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Table 3</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF2FFDD2FDC7FDBD" blockId="12.[151,1390,585,671]" box="[151,568,585,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB211181C9140D24FF2FFDD2FDC7FDBD" box="[151,568,585,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF2FFDD2FF5FFDBE" box="[151,160,585,609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">?</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9010BEC9140D24FF18FDD2FDC7FDBD" author="Jarvis, F. E." box="[160,568,585,610]" page="335" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" year="1922">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FF18FDD2FDC7FDBD" authority=": Jarvis, 1922: 335" authorityName=": Jarvis" authorityPageNumber="335" authorityYear="1922" box="[160,568,585,610]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biarmata">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF18FDD2FE82FDBE" box="[160,381,585,609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zygophylax biarmata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FE33FDD2FDC7FDBD" author="Jarvis, F. E." box="[395,568,585,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="331 - 360" refId="ref10080" refString="Jarvis, F. E. (1922) The hydroids from the Chagos, Seychelles and other islands and from the coasts of British East Africa and Zanzibar. Transactions Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 18, 331 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00553. x" type="journal article" year="1922">Jarvis, 1922: 335</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF2FFDF3FCFAFD5F" blockId="12.[151,1390,585,671]" box="[151,773,615,640]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB211181C9140D24FF2FFDF3FCFAFD5F" box="[151,773,615,640]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FF2FFDF3FEF2FD5F" authorityName="Quelch" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,269,616,640]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF2FFDF3FEF2FD5F" box="[151,269,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zygophylax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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?
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9010BEC9140D24FEA7FDF3FD76FD5F" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[287,649,615,640]" page="192" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" year="1975">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FEA7FDF3FD76FD5F" authority=": Millard, 1975: 190 - 192" authorityName=": Millard" authorityPageNumber="190 - 192" authorityYear="1975" box="[287,649,615,640]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antipathes">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FEA7FDF3FE76FD5F" box="[287,393,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">antipathes</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FE2EFDFCFD76FD5F" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[406,649,615,640]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref10634" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard, 1975: 190–192</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 62 f–g.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF2FFD1CFA91FD40" blockId="12.[151,1390,585,671]" box="[151,1390,646,671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB211181C9140D24FF2FFD1CFA91FD40" box="[151,1390,646,671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9010BEC9140D24FF2FFD1CFD4BFD40" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." box="[151,692,646,671]" page="89" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" year="1987">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FF2FFD1CFD4BFD40" authority="Rees & Vervoort, 1987: 86 - 89" authorityName="Rees & Vervoort" authorityPageNumber="86 - 89" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,692,646,671]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="millardae">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF2FFD1CFE89FD40" box="[151,374,647,671]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zygophylax millardae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FEC4FD1CFD4BFD40" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." box="[380,692,646,671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref11253" refString="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 237, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees & Vervoort, 1987: 86–89</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 14;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9010BEC9140D24FCB6FD1DFBCDFD40" author="Calder, D. R. & Vervoort, W." box="[782,1074,646,671]" page="28" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FCB6FD1DFBCDFD40" author="Calder, D. R. & Vervoort, W." box="[782,1074,646,671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref9557" refString="Calder, D. R. & Vervoort, W. (1998) Some hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in the North Atlantic Ocean. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 319, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1998">Calder & Vervoort, 1998: 28</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9010BEC9140D24FB85FD1CFA96FD40" author="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E." box="[1085,1385,646,671]" page="69" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FB85FD1CFA96FD40" author="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E." box="[1085,1385,646,671]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref11841" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson, 2003: 69</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6524C9140D24FF2FFD54FC9CFBF0" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF2FFD54FE14FCEE" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<materialsCitation id="3B593CF2C9140D24FF2FFD54FE19FCEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2622598314" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF2FFD54FEDAFD36" bold="true" box="[151,293,718,745]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<typeStatus id="548A880DC9140D24FF2FFD54FF2DFD36" box="[151,210,719,745]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Type</typeStatus>
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series.
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</emphasis>
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Holotype—four fragments of a colony in alcohol, without gonophores (
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<collectionCode id="ED20AE6AC9140D24FBDBFD54FB46FD36" box="[1123,1209,719,745]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1984.1.1.18); Para-types—slide with a colony branch, without gonophores (RMNH-Coel. slide 16520); slide with a fertile colony branch (RMNH-Coel. 16521)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF7FFCA7FE7FFCA5" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
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<materialsCitation id="3B593CF2C9140D24FF7FFCA7FE7FFCA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2622598307" collectingDate="1934-01-14" country="Tanzania" elevation="165" latitude="-5.0716667" location="Sta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="39.236668" municipality="Archipelago" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="165" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF7FFCA7FE9AFC8A" bold="true" box="[199,357,826,854]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548A880DC9140D24FF7FFCA7FEFDFC89" box="[199,258,828,854]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
John Murray Exp.,
|
||
<location id="8EEE6074C9140D24FDFBFCA0FD98FC8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039887B9C9140D25FF2FFE44FE8DFF24:8EEE6074C9140D24FDFBFCA0FD98FC8A" box="[579,615,827,853]" country="Tanzania" latitude="-5.0716667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="39.236668" municipality="Archipelago" name="Sta" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Sta</location>
|
||
112, Zanzibar
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEAACD5C9140D24FCB4FCA0FC66FC8A" box="[780,921,827,853]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Archipelago</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FC1CFCA0FBF3FC8A" box="[932,1036,827,853]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FBAEFCA1FB60FC8A" box="[1046,1183,826,853]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-5.0716667">05°04’18’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FB1DFCA0FACDFC8A" box="[1189,1330,827,853]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="12" value="39.236668">39°14’12’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF8F106FC9140D24FA85FCA0FF02FCA5" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCBE987C9140D24FA85FCA0FF02FCA5" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-14">14 January 1934</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 73–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D37FD26C9140D24FE8BFCC4FE7FFCA5" box="[307,384,863,890]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FE8BFCC4FE83FCA5" box="[307,380,863,890]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="165.0">
|
||
<elevation id="001CD19CC9140D24FE8BFCC4FE83FCA5" box="[307,380,863,890]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="165.0">165 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF7FFC18FC9CFBF0" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF7FFC18FE4BFC41" bold="true" box="[199,436,899,926]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B593CF2C9140D24FE07FC1FFCA0FBF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2622598309" collectingDate="1934-01-15" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Tanzania" elevation="165" latitude="-5.0825" location="Sta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="39.22167" municipality="Sta" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Paratypes—John Murray Exp.,
|
||
<location id="8EEE6074C9140D24FC94FC1FFCAFFC41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039887B9C9140D25FF2FFE44FE8DFF24:8EEE6074C9140D24FC94FC1FFCAFFC41" box="[812,848,900,926]" country="Tanzania" latitude="-5.0825" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="39.22167" municipality="Sta" name="Sta" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Sta</location>
|
||
112, Zanzibar,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FBB1FC18FB6DFC41" box="[1033,1170,899,926]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-5.0716667">05°04’18’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FB25FC1FFAD6FC41" box="[1181,1321,900,926]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="13" value="39.236946">39°14’13’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF8F106FC9140D24FA81FC18FF01FC1D" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCBE987C9140D24FA81FC18FF01FC1D" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-15">15 January 1934</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 73–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FE8DFC3CFE83FC1C" box="[309,380,935,963]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="165.0">
|
||
<elevation id="001CD19CC9140D24FE8DFC3CFE83FC1C" box="[309,380,935,963]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="165.0">165 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(RMNH-Coel. slide 16520); John Murray Exp.,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEAACD5C9140D24FC1DFC33FC36FC1D" box="[933,969,936,962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Sta</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
112,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FBB1FC33FB91FC1D" box="[1033,1134,936,962]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FBC2FC3CFAFCFC1D" box="[1146,1283,935,962]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-5.0825">05°04’57’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FAB3FC33FA68FC1D" box="[1291,1431,936,962]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="18" value="39.22167">39°13’18’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF8F106FC9140D24FF2FFC57FEA6FC38" box="[151,345,972,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCBE987C9140D24FF2FFC57FEA6FC38" box="[151,345,972,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-15">
|
||
15 January
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FEA6FC56FEA6FC38" box="[286,345,973,999]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.934113" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="1934113.0">1934</quantity>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 113 m (RMNH-Coel. 16521); fragmented colony in alcohol, off northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FB06FC57FADCFC39" box="[1214,1315,972,998]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FA89FC57FA66FC39" box="[1329,1433,972,998]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FF2FFC6BFEE0FBD4" box="[151,287,1008,1035]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-5.0825">05°04’57’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE055068C9140D24FE9FFC6AFE4CFBD4" box="[295,435,1009,1035]" degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" precision="15" seconds="18" value="39.22167">39°13’18’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF8F106FC9140D24FE07FC6BFD87FBD4" box="[447,632,1008,1035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFCBE987C9140D24FE07FC6BFD87FBD4" box="[447,632,1008,1035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" value="1934-01-15">15 January 1934</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED20AE6AC9140D24FD3EFC6AFD23FBD4" box="[646,732,1009,1035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1984.1.1.19); slide with a colony branch, Salomon Atoll, Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FDB8FB8EFDB8FBF0" box="[512,583,1045,1071]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="220.0">
|
||
<elevation id="001CD19CC9140D24FDB8FB8EFDB8FBF0" box="[512,583,1045,1071]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED20AE6AC9140D24FDEDFB8EFD54FBF0" box="[597,683,1045,1071]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1923.2.15.118)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32B6524C9140D24FF7FFBA3FBEBF947" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF7FFBA3FC5EFAAA" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF7FFBA3FC2AFB8C" bold="true" box="[199,981,1080,1107]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="548A880DC9140D24FEC3FBA2FE1DFB8C" box="[379,482,1081,1107]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="548A880DC9140D24FD98FBA2FD74FB8C" box="[544,651,1081,1107]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(RMNH-Coel. slide 16521)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Colony attached to substratum by flattened disk formed by stolonal tubes. Stem weakly polysiphonic up to basalmost hydrocladium; sub-opposite hydrocladia pinnately disposed along stem; some hydrocladia with axillary hydrothecae, others arising direct from stem. Hydrocladia with distinct transversal septa; upright or slightly geniculate (Pl. 5A); hydrothecae of stem and hydrocladia on conspicuous apophyses arranged in two alternate series at same plane (Pl. 5B). Hydrothecae tubular to funnel-shaped; adcauline wall convex, more pronounced at basal half; abcauline wall rectilineous; plane of aperture perpendicular to hydrothecal length axis; renovations frequent, up to 5 (Pl. 5C); diaphragm thick, rectilineous to oblique; pedicel short, rectilineous, smooth. One short cylindrical nematotheca on hydrothecal apophyses; some rare wholes observed on secondary axial tubes (Pl. 5D). No coppinia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF7FFA1BFD6BF9F4" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF7FFA1BFE81FA45" bold="true" box="[199,382,1408,1434]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
Stem: distance between two subsequent hydrothecae
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FC49FAE4FB79FA45" box="[1009,1158,1407,1434]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.58" metricValueMax="9.36" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="858.0" valueMax="936.0" valueMin="780.0">780–936 µm</quantity>
|
||
; diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FABAFAE4FA68FA45" box="[1282,1431,1407,1434]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.86" metricValueMax="4.16" metricValueMin="1.56" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="286.0" valueMax="416.0" valueMin="156.0">156–416 µm</quantity>
|
||
; distance between subsequent hydrocladia at the same side 6.6–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FCC8FA3FFC34FA61" box="[880,971,1444,1470]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Hydrocladia: diameter at base
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FA83FA3FFA67FA61" box="[1339,1432,1444,1470]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="104.0">104 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Hydrothecae: length of adcauline wall from rim to diaphragm 350–370 μm/with renovations 450–510 μm; diameter at rim
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FF5AFA76FE8AF9D8" box="[226,373,1517,1543]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="170.0">170–180 µm</quantity>
|
||
; diameter at diaphragm
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FD3FFA77FD01F9D8" box="[647,766,1516,1543]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="87.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="85.0">85–90 µm</quantity>
|
||
; lenght of pedicel on adcauline side 160–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FB6EFA77FAD0F9D8" box="[1238,1327,1516,1543]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="121.0">121 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Nematothecae: lenght
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FE82F98AFE79F9F4" box="[314,390,1553,1579]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 µm</quantity>
|
||
; diameter at rim
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FDFCF98BFD6FF9F4" box="[580,656,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF7FF9AFFBEBF947" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF7FF9AFFDF7F990" bold="true" box="[199,520,1588,1615]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FDAAF9AEFD88F990" box="[530,631,1589,1615]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FD3EF9AEFD11F990" box="[646,750,1589,1615]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FD44F9AFFC8FF990" box="[764,880,1588,1615]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.73" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="119.0" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="73.0">73–165 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FC3AF9AEFB6BF990" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." box="[898,1172,1589,1615]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref11253" refString="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 237, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees & Vervoort, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FB13F9AEFAC0F990" box="[1195,1343,1589,1615]" name="Mozambique" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
and off Natal, southern Africa,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FE1DF9C2FDF5F9AB" box="[421,522,1625,1652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="58.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="6.0">6–110 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FDA3F9C2FD42F9AC" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[539,701,1624,1651]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref10634" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Amirante Islands and Atol Providence,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FB21F9C2FAEBF9AC" box="[1177,1300,1625,1651]" name="Seychelles" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FA99F9C2FA67F9AB" box="[1313,1432,1625,1652]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="0.37" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="110.0" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="37.0">37–183 m</quantity>
|
||
; Salomon Islands, Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B4AC9140D24FD56F9E5FC93F947" box="[750,876,1662,1688]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.645" metricValueMax="2.19" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="164.5" valueMax="219.0" valueMin="110.0">110–219 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FCC3F9E6FBF8F947" author="Jarvis, F. E." box="[891,1031,1661,1688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="331 - 360" refId="ref10080" refString="Jarvis, F. E. (1922) The hydroids from the Chagos, Seychelles and other islands and from the coasts of British East Africa and Zanzibar. Transactions Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 18, 331 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00553. x" type="journal article" year="1922">Jarvis, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32B6524C9140D25FF7FF939FE8DFF24" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="548" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D24FF7FF939FDE9F8DB" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FF7FF939FEC4F963" bold="true" box="[199,315,1698,1724]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FEFCF939FE15F963" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[324,490,1697,1724]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref10634" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified material collected in Natal and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326763FC9140D24FC75F939FB9EF963" box="[973,1121,1698,1724]" name="Mozambique" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FB31F939FAF3F963" authorityName="Quelch" authorityYear="1885" box="[1161,1292,1698,1724]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FB31F939FAF3F963" box="[1161,1292,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Zygophylax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FA99F939FA69F963" authorityName=": Millard" authorityYear="1975" box="[1313,1430,1698,1724]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antipathes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FA99F939FA69F963" box="[1313,1430,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">antipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FEB5F95CFE5EF93F" authorityName=": Millard" authorityYear="1975" box="[269,417,1734,1760]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antipathes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FEB5F95CFE5EF93F" box="[269,417,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Z. antipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has branches arising from stem in several directions and larger hydrothecae with shorter pedicels (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FEBAF971FDF6F8DB" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." box="[258,521,1770,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref11253" refString="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 237, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees & Vervoort, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36AFC9140D25FF7FF894FE8DFF24" blockId="12.[151,1437,718,2014]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,153,251]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="548" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FF7FF894FE2AF8F6" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." box="[199,469,1807,1833]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref11253" refString="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 237, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees & Vervoort (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also studied the material identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FC3FF894FBF3F8F6" authorityName=": Jarvis" authorityYear="1922" box="[903,1036,1807,1833]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="biarmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FC3FF894FBF3F8F6" box="[903,1036,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Z. biarmata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9140D24FB8EF895FB33F8F6" author="Jarvis, F. E." box="[1078,1228,1806,1833]" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" pagination="331 - 360" refId="ref10080" refString="Jarvis, F. E. (1922) The hydroids from the Chagos, Seychelles and other islands and from the coasts of British East Africa and Zanzibar. Transactions Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 18, 331 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00553. x" type="journal article" year="1922">Jarvis (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, concluding that it could also belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FE3BF8AFFDF2F892" authorityName="Rees & Vervoort" authorityYear="1987" box="[387,525,1843,1869]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="millardae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FE3BF8AFFDF2F892" box="[387,525,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Z. millardae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species are similar in many trophosomal characters (geniculate pattern of hydrocladia, convex adcaulinar wall and slightly concave abcaulinar wall, developed and continuous hydrothecal pedicels, hydrothecal rim with renovations, sometimes duplicate diaphragms and tubular nematothecae on apophyses or on hydrothecal pedicel), but are differentiated mainly by the larger measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FB3DF83BFAF1F865" authorityName="Rees & Vervoort" authorityYear="1987" box="[1157,1294,1952,1978]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="millardae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FB3DF83BFAF1F865" box="[1157,1294,1952,1978]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Z. millardae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hydrothecae (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B30314C9140D24FF27F85FFF08F801" box="[159,247,1988,2014]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,239,154,178]" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements of Zygophylax millardae Rees & Vervoort, 1987 and Zygophylax biarmata Billard, 1905 (in μm)." pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9140D24FE01F85EFDBAF801" authorityName="Rees & Vervoort" authorityYear="1987" box="[441,581,1988,2014]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="547" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="millardae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9140D24FE01F85EFDBAF801" box="[441,581,1988,2014]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="547">Z. millardae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described from infertile material and with trophosome characters similar to those of other species. Thus, hydrothecal dimensions (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9150D25FC30FF02FB70FF6C" author="Ramil, F. & Vervoort, W." box="[904,1167,153,179]" pageId="13" pageNumber="548" pagination="3 - 262" refId="ref11213" refString="Ramil, F. & Vervoort, W. (1992) Report on the Hydroida collected by the " BALGIM " expedition in and around the Strait of Gibraltar. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 277, 3 - 262." type="journal article" year="1992">Ramil & Vervoort 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9150D25FB05FF01FAC1FF6C" baseAuthorityName="Saemundsson" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1213,1342,153,179]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="548" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="levinseni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9150D25FB05FF01FAC1FF6C" box="[1213,1342,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="548">Z. levinseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9150D25FAFEFF01FF36FF08" authorityName="Ramil & Vervoort" authorityYear="1992" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="548" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9150D25FAFEFF01FF36FF08" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="548">Z. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B5EC9150D25FF6FFF26FE0BFF08" author="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E." box="[215,500,189,215]" pageId="13" pageNumber="548" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref11841" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EABDC9150D25FD9AFF25FCF7FF08" box="[546,776,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="548">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9150D25FD9AFF25FD4FFF08" authorityName=": Millard" authorityYear="1975" box="[546,688,189,215]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="548" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antipathes">Z. antipathes</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D2CC9150D25FD05FF26FCF7FF08" baseAuthorityName="Bale" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[701,776,189,215]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="548" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rufa">Z. rufa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) are important to differentiate the species, preventing them to be synonymized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |