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<mods:title id="77950BC63F2785FEAD534EEFF4E99345">Revision of Therochaeta Chamberlin, 1919 (Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3AB96A9DDB32AFB41A1AC065972B34F6">Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD10C5D0AA4CC05E6119EB48678E2169" type="email">savs551216@hotmail.com &amp; ssalazar@ecosur.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="03985007F240FFFD029DFD1EFF7348E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191319" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202596907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7191319" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03985007F240FFFD029DFD1EFF7348E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03985007F240FFFD029DFD1EFF7348E3" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="258" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF240FFFF029DFD1EFC664D6C" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF029DFD1EFC664D6C" blockId="29.[723,1163,754,844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F240FFFF029DFD1EFB0D4D4C" authority="(Ehlers, 1887)" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[723,1163,754,781]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F240FFFF029DFD1EFC6C4D4C" bold="true" box="[723,1002,754,781]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Paratherochaeta scutigera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA09CE0F240FFFF03B6FD1EFB054D4C" author="EHLERS E." box="[1016,1155,754,780]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref22572" refString="EHLERS E. 1887. - Report on the Annelids. Reports on the results of dredging, under the direction of Pourtales &amp; Agassiz in the Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 15: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1887">Ehlers, 1887</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<heading id="D0C6567DF240FFFF0331FCFFFC664D6C" box="[895,992,786,813]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" reason="3">n. comb.</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF240FFFF03CEFCDEFC584D0C" box="[896,990,818,844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF03CEFCDEFC584D0C" blockId="29.[723,1163,754,844]" box="[896,990,818,844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
(
<figureCitation id="130AFD94F240FFFF03C6FCDEFC534D0C" box="[904,981,818,844]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1279,1297]" captionTargetBox="[121,1201,221,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-207@32.[113,1209,215,1236]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 13. — Paratherochaeta scutigera (Ehlers, 1887) n. comb.; A, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view; C, anterior end, ventral view; D, notochaeta and companion chaeta; E, neurochaetae and companion chaetae from posterior chaetiger (modif. Ehlers 1887). Scale bars: A, 2.1 mm; B, C, 1.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191302/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF240FFFF02EBFC87FB3C4DBC" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFC87FB3F4DC3" blockId="29.[677,1209,875,899]" box="[677,1209,875,899]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB21C63FF240FFFF02EBFC87FB3F4DC3" box="[677,1209,875,899]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C700F240FFFF02EBFC87FBAE4DC3" author="EHLERS E." box="[677,1064,875,899]" page="168" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" year="1887">
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F240FFFF02EBFC87FBAE4DC3" ID-CoL="6ZZRV" authority="Ehlers, 1887: 165 - 168" authorityName="Ehlers" authorityPageNumber="165 - 168" authorityYear="1887" box="[677,1064,875,899]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Stylarioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutiger">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F240FFFF02EBFC87FCD64DC2" box="[677,848,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Stylarioides scutiger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA09CE0F240FFFF031AFC87FBAE4DC3" author="EHLERS E." box="[852,1064,875,899]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" pagination="1 - 335" refId="ref22572" refString="EHLERS E. 1887. - Report on the Annelids. Reports on the results of dredging, under the direction of Pourtales &amp; Agassiz in the Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 15: 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1887">Ehlers, 1887: 165-168</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 42, figs 1-5.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFC76FC8B4D8D" blockId="29.[677,1209,922,973]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB21C63FF240FFFF02EBFC76FC8B4D8D" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F240FFFF02EBFC76FCD54DF2" ID-CoL="4G3J3" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[677,851,922,946]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pherusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F240FFFF02EBFC76FCD54DF2" box="[677,851,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Pherusa scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C700F240FFFF033CFC77FB0C4DF2" author="NONATO E. F. &amp; LUNA J. A. C." box="[882,1162,922,946]" page="91" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA09CE0F240FFFF033CFC77FB0C4DF2" author="NONATO E. F. &amp; LUNA J. A. C." box="[882,1162,922,946]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" pagination="59 - 130" refId="ref23446" refString="NONATO E. F. &amp; LUNA J. A. C. 1970. - Anelideos poliquetas do nordeste do Brasil, 1. Poliquetas bentonicos da costa de Alagoas e Sergipe. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo 19: 59 - 130." type="journal article" year="1970">Nonato &amp; Luna 1970: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 92, figs 79-83.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFC08FB3C4DBC" blockId="29.[677,1210,996,1021]" box="[677,1210,996,1021]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB21C63FF240FFFF02EBFC08FB3C4DBC" box="[677,1210,996,1021]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F240FFFF02EBFC08FCEC4DBC" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[677,874,996,1020]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Therochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F240FFFF02EBFC08FCEC4DBC" box="[677,874,996,1020]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Therochaeta scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0A90C700F240FFFF03CDFC08FBC04DBC" author="FAUCHALD K." box="[899,1094,996,1021]" page="416" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA09CE0F240FFFF03CDFC08FBC04DBC" author="FAUCHALD K." box="[899,1094,996,1021]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" pagination="1 - 575" refId="ref22652" refString="FAUCHALD K. 1972. - Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep waters off Western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7: 1 - 575." type="journal article" year="1972">Fauchald 1972: 416</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(n. comb.).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF240FFFF02EBFBF9FC8B4AF0" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFBF9FC8B4AF0" blockId="29.[675,1211,1044,1200]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
<materialsCitation id="3B59EB4CF240FFFF02EBFBF9FC8F4AF0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3924004335" collectorName="A. Johnston" country="Cuba" elevation="180" location="La Habana" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Habana" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPE MATERIAL. — Grand Caribbean Sea. The
<typeStatus id="548A5FB3F240FFFF042AFBF8FB3C4A6C" box="[1124,1210,1044,1068]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and single
<specimenCount id="9D372A98F240FFFF0344FBC2FCEF4A06" box="[778,873,1070,1094]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="generic">specimen</specimenCount>
, off
<collectingRegion id="49F52FF3F240FFFF03DCFBC3FC794A06" box="[914,1023,1070,1094]" country="Cuba" name="La Habana" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">La Habana</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F326A181F240FFFF0447FBC2FBC74A06" box="[1033,1089,1070,1094]" name="Cuba" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F240FFFF0404FBC3FB0D4A06" box="[1098,1163,1071,1095]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" unit="m" value="180.0">
<elevation id="001C0622F240FFFF0404FBC3FB0D4A06" box="[1098,1163,1071,1095]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, was supposed to be deposited in Harvard, but it has not been found (
<collectorName id="26C484C7F240FFFF0369FB88FC254A3B" box="[807,931,1123,1148]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">A. Johnston</collectorName>
, 2003, pers. com.). Because Ehlers indicated it was dissected, it might have been destroyed
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF240FFFF02EBFB24FBDF4ABA" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFB24FBDF4ABA" blockId="29.[677,1210,1224,1274]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
DISTRIBUTION. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="548A5FB3F240FFFF0470FB24FBEE4AA0" box="[1086,1128,1224,1248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">type</typeStatus>
locality, off Northwestern
<collectingCountry id="F326A181F240FFFF031DFB0EFC0D4ABA" box="[851,907,1250,1274]" name="Cuba" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Cuba</collectingCountry>
, in moderate depths.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF240FFFC02EBFAC1FC464BE6" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFAC1FCB34B05" blockId="29.[675,1210,1325,1699]" box="[677,821,1325,1351]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02EBFAA0FC2A4864" blockId="29.[675,1210,1325,1699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">
Based on the original description and illustrations.
<typeStatus id="548A5FB3F240FFFF02EDFA80FC8F4BC6" box="[675,777,1388,1414]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
posteriorly incomplete (
<figureCitation id="130AFD94F240FFFF0440FA80FBE94BC6" box="[1038,1135,1388,1414]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1279,1297]" captionTargetBox="[121,1201,221,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-207@32.[113,1209,215,1236]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 13. — Paratherochaeta scutigera (Ehlers, 1887) n. comb.; A, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view; C, anterior end, ventral view; D, notochaeta and companion chaeta; E, neurochaetae and companion chaetae from posterior chaetiger (modif. Ehlers 1887). Scale bars: A, 2.1 mm; B, C, 1.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191302/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
); body dark-cinnamon, clavate, wider posteriorly;
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F240FFFF0425FA60FB3F4BE6" box="[1131,1209,1420,1446]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F240FFFF0293FA47FC9A4B86" box="[733,796,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
wide, cephalic cage chaetae
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F240FFFF0470FA40FBFB4B86" box="[1086,1149,1452,1478]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
long, 28 chaetigers.Tunic thick, forming large sediment tubercles anteriorly, with less sediment in median and posterior chaetigers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFF02F5F9C6FC944824" blockId="29.[675,1210,1325,1699]" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Cephalic hood not exposed. Anterior end details unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F240FFFC02F5F985FE124A88" blockId="29.[675,1210,1325,1699]" lastBlockId="30.[111,649,1039,1699]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="29" pageNumber="256">Cephalic cage chaetae about as long as half the length of the fragment (the illustration shows that chaetae are as long as body length) or five times longer than body width. Chaetigers 1-2 involved in the cephalic cage; chaetiger 3 with long chaetae but not reaching the anterior margin of chaetiger 1. Cephalic cage chaetae arranged in short series, about five-six chaetae per bundle.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4EB199F243FFFC003FFC6BFB984D9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7191298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191298/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" startId="30.[113,124,903,921]" subCaptionStartIDs="30.[920,1037,948,966]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[116,1205,217,862]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC003FFC6BFB984D9D" blockId="30.[113,1211,898,989]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">
FIG. 12. —
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F243FFFC009DFC6BFE284DD9" authority="Salazar-Vallejo, 2013" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" box="[211,430,903,921]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orensanzi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC009DFC6BFE284DD9" box="[211,430,903,921]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Paratherochaeta orensanzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F243FFFC01FAFC6BFE604DD9" box="[436,486,903,921]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC01A3FC6AFD894DD8" bold="true" box="[493,527,902,920]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">A-C</emphasis>
,
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(
<collectionCode id="ED2079D4F243FFFC0222FC6AFD224DD8" box="[620,676,902,920]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyng-6456" name="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" type="Museum">MACN</collectionCode>
39031);
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC02A2FC6BFD7F4DD9" bold="true" box="[748,761,903,921]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">A</emphasis>
, lateral view, cephalic hood exposed;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0476FC6BFBC34DD9" bold="true" box="[1080,1093,903,921]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">B</emphasis>
, anterior end, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0098FC71FF624DEF" bold="true" box="[214,228,925,943]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">C</emphasis>
, anterior end,ventral view;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC018FFC71FE494DEF" bold="true" box="[449,463,925,943]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">D</emphasis>
,
<typeStatus id="548A5FB3F243FFFC0199FC71FDA64DEF" box="[471,544,925,943]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2079D4F243FFFC0266FC71FDFF4DEF" box="[552,633,925,943]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dtqq-2t5p" name="El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Mexico)" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" type="Museum">ECOSUR</collectionCode>
),head,frontal view;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0355FC71FCA14DEF" bold="true" box="[795,807,925,943]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">E</emphasis>
, same,chaetiger 4, right parapodium;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0410FC71FBF84DEF" bold="true" box="[1118,1150,925,943]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">F-G</emphasis>
, same, chaetiger 16, right parapodium;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0134FC58FE0E4D86" bold="true" box="[378,392,948,966]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">G</emphasis>
, same, posterior chaetiger,
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0223FC58FD064D86" bold="true" box="[621,640,948,966]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">D,</emphasis>
right parapodium,neurochaetae. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC045AFC58FBAB4D86" bold="true" box="[1044,1069,948,966]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">BS</emphasis>
, branchial scars;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC003FFC27FF014D9D" bold="true" box="[113,135,971,989]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">LL</emphasis>
, lateral lip;
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC00A9FC26FE864D9C" bold="true" box="[231,256,970,988]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">PS</emphasis>
, palp scar. Scale bars: A, B,
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F243FFFC01BEFC27FDB74D9D" box="[496,561,971,989]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
; C,
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F243FFFC021FFC27FD154D9D" box="[593,659,971,989]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
; D, 44 µm; E,
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F243FFFC0349FC27FCD44D9D" box="[775,850,971,989]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="0.36">0.36 mm</quantity>
; F,
<quantity id="4CC94CF4F243FFFC0323FC27FC3E4D9D" box="[877,952,971,989]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
; G, 110 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC00C6FB21FEA54824" blockId="30.[111,649,1039,1699]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">
Anterior dorsal margin of first chaetiger with papillae, but no median projections. Chaetigers 1-2 with long papillae restricted to base of chaetal lobes. Chaetiger 1 very short, chaetiger 2 markedly longer, slightly constricted towards its posterior margin, chaetiger 3 shorter than 2, about as long as chaetiger 1. Sand cemented anterior shield surrounding chaetigers 1-2, depressed, smoother dorsally (
<figureCitation id="130AFD94F243FFFC01E0FA27FD924BA5" box="[430,532,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1279,1297]" captionTargetBox="[121,1201,221,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-207@32.[113,1209,215,1236]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 13. — Paratherochaeta scutigera (Ehlers, 1887) n. comb.; A, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view; C, anterior end, ventral view; D, notochaeta and companion chaeta; E, neurochaetae and companion chaetae from posterior chaetiger (modif. Ehlers 1887). Scale bars: A, 2.1 mm; B, C, 1.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191302/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
), swollen, rougher ventrally (
<figureCitation id="130AFD94F243FFFC010DFA07FE2C4845" box="[323,426,1515,1541]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1279,1297]" captionTargetBox="[121,1201,221,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-207@32.[113,1209,215,1236]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 13. — Paratherochaeta scutigera (Ehlers, 1887) n. comb.; A, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view; C, anterior end, ventral view; D, notochaeta and companion chaeta; E, neurochaetae and companion chaetae from posterior chaetiger (modif. Ehlers 1887). Scale bars: A, 2.1 mm; B, C, 1.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191302/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
). Chaetal transition from cephalic cage to body chaetae gradual; falcate neurohooks start in chaetiger 9. Gonopodial lobes unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC00C6F985FB8F4AC8" blockId="30.[111,649,1039,1699]" lastBlockId="30.[675,1212,1039,1446]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Parapodia well-developed in chaetigers 1-3, flat lobes with long papillae; remaining parapodia poorly developed, chaetae emerge from body wall. Parapodia lateral, median neuropodia ventrolateral. Noto- and neuropodia details unknown. Noto- and neuropodia distant to each other.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC02F5FB62FB184BC6" blockId="30.[675,1212,1039,1446]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">
Median notochaetae probably arranged in longitudinal series; all notochaetae multiarticulated capillaries, articles long throughout the chaetae (
<figureCitation id="130AFD94F243FFFC02E0FB01FC934B47" box="[686,789,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1279,1297]" captionTargetBox="[121,1201,221,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-207@32.[113,1209,215,1236]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 13. — Paratherochaeta scutigera (Ehlers, 1887) n. comb.; A, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view; C, anterior end, ventral view; D, notochaeta and companion chaeta; E, neurochaetae and companion chaetae from posterior chaetiger (modif. Ehlers 1887). Scale bars: A, 2.1 mm; B, C, 1.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191302/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Fig. 13D</figureCitation>
), three-four per bundle. Neurochaetae multiarticulate capillaries in chaetigers 1-8; falcate neurohooks from chaetiger 9 to the end of the fragment, four per bundle in median chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="130AFD94F243FFFC02E0FA80FC894BC6" box="[686,783,1388,1414]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1279,1297]" captionTargetBox="[121,1201,221,1235]" captionTargetId="figure-207@32.[113,1209,215,1236]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 13. — Paratherochaeta scutigera (Ehlers, 1887) n. comb.; A, lateral view; B, anterior end, dorsal view; C, anterior end, ventral view; D, notochaeta and companion chaeta; E, neurochaetae and companion chaetae from posterior chaetiger (modif. Ehlers 1887). Scale bars: A, 2.1 mm; B, C, 1.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7191302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7191302/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
); each neurohook blunt, anchylosed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC02F5FA60FC464BE6" blockId="30.[675,1212,1039,1446]" box="[699,960,1420,1446]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Posterior end unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32BB29AF243FFFD02EBFA20FF7348E3" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="258" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC02EBFA20FC8F4BA4" blockId="30.[674,1211,1484,1700]" box="[677,777,1484,1510]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F243FFFC02EBFA07FBB348E4" blockId="30.[674,1211,1484,1700]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F243FFFC02EBFA07FC114844" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[677,919,1515,1541]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC02EBFA07FC114844" box="[677,919,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Paratherochaeta scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F243FFFC03D5FA07FC704845" box="[923,1014,1515,1541]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has not been found since its original description. Because the presence of pseudocompound neurohooks along anterior chaetigers was not indicated, they are probably missing and consequently the species should be transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F243FFFC0370F965FC6448E3" authority="Salazar-Vallejo, 2013" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" box="[830,994,1673,1699]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F243FFFC0370F965FC6448E3" box="[830,994,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="257">Paratherochaeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F243FFFC03A4F966FBB348E4" box="[1002,1077,1674,1700]" pageId="30" pageNumber="257" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F242FFFD00C6FF34FF7C4C0E" blockId="31.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">
Because the dorsal tubercles of chaetiger 3 are larger than those present in following chaetigers,
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD003DFEF4FF644F71" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[115,226,280,305]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD003DFEF4FF644F71" box="[115,226,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD00A9FEF4FEC14F71" box="[231,327,279,306]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD01F6FEF4FD894F71" authority="Salazar-Vallejo, 2013" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" box="[440,527,279,305]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ehlersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD01F6FEF4FD894F71" box="[440,527,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. ehlersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD025DFEF4FDCA4F72" box="[531,588,280,306]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
They differ in three attributes: the general body color, the start of neurohooks, and their relative curvature. In
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD0087FE9BFEBF4FD0" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[201,313,375,400]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD0087FE9BFEBF4FD0" box="[201,313,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD010EFE9BFE274FD0" box="[320,417,374,401]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the body has a single color, neurohooks start from chaetiger 9, and they are markedly sigmoid, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD01A9FE5AFDC74F8F" authority="Salazar-Vallejo, 2013" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" box="[487,577,437,463]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ehlersi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD01A9FE5AFDC74F8F" box="[487,577,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. ehlersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD0204FE5AFD014F90" box="[586,647,438,464]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the body is whitish anteriorly and dark orange or pale brownish posteriorly, neurohooks start from chaetiger 7, and the neurohooks are barely falcate and delicate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F242FFFD00C6FDB8FF754D8A" blockId="31.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD00C6FDB8FE114C2E" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[136,407,596,622]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD00C6FDB8FE114C2E" box="[136,407,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">Paratherochaeta scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD01D3FDB9FD864C2E" box="[413,512,596,623]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD003EFD98FF624CCE" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Rullier" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[112,228,628,654]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana" status="n. comb., n. stat.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD003EFD98FF624CCE" box="[112,228,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD00A0FD98FE374CCE" box="[238,433,628,654]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">n. comb., n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
because both have sediment tubercles present beyond chaetiger 5. As stated above, their main difference lies in the relative curvature of neurohooks because they are markedly sigmoid in
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD01DAFD1FFD8B4D4C" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[404,525,755,780]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD01DAFD1FFD8B4D4C" box="[404,525,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD0256FD1FFDF94D4C" box="[536,639,754,781]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, whereas they are almost straight, distally curved in
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD00DFFCDFFE824D0C" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Rullier" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[145,260,818,844]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana" status="n. comb., n. stat.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD00DFFCDFFE824D0C" box="[145,260,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD0140FCDEFE574D0C" box="[270,465,818,844]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">n. comb., n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
There might be some other differences but because
<taxonomicName id="4C319A92F242FFFD0243FCBEFD034D2B" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Ehlers" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[525,645,850,875]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Paratherochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutigera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9453D03F242FFFD0243FCBEFD034D2B" box="[525,645,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">P. scutigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2768078F242FFFD003FFC9EFF5F4DCB" box="[113,217,881,908]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has not been found again, some additional materials are needed to clarify their distinction.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F242FFFD00C6FC3CFEBF4B85" blockId="31.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">
On the other hand, the material examined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA09CE0F242FFFD003DFC1CFEF64A4A" author="NONATO E. F. &amp; LUNA J. A. C." box="[115,368,1008,1034]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258" pagination="59 - 130" refId="ref23446" refString="NONATO E. F. &amp; LUNA J. A. C. 1970. - Anelideos poliquetas do nordeste do Brasil, 1. Poliquetas bentonicos da costa de Alagoas e Sergipe. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo 19: 59 - 130." type="journal article" year="1970">Nonato &amp; Luna (1970)</bibRefCitation>
might belong to this same species but some differences were found by the authors. First, their illustrations and description were apparently based upon a specimen without anterior shield because the chaetal lobes are well-defined, and even the larger papillae, often forming sediment tubercles, were depicted without sediment at all. Second, in the Brazilian specimen falcate neurohooks start by chaetiger 6, whereas Ehlers indicated that they start by chaetiger 9, and although these chaetae are brittle, the difference is enough for distinguishing two similar species. Other body features are similar but more specimens are needed to clarify this potential wide distribution from
<collectingCountry id="F326A181F242FFFD0205FA60FD034BE6" box="[587,645,1420,1446]" name="Cuba" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">Cuba</collectingCountry>
to northern
<collectingCountry id="F326A181F242FFFD00BDFA47FEB34B85" box="[243,309,1451,1477]" name="Brazil" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8EE111F242FFFD00C6FA27FF7348E3" blockId="31.[111,649,216,1700]" pageId="31" pageNumber="258">The size measurements in the original description do not fit Ehlers whole specimen illustration. The artist may have exaggerated the length for the cephalic cage chaetae because they were described as being half as long as body length, but the illustration shows chaetae at least as long as the body.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>