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<document id="15E2C05E9EEC2BAA6CE7B61700D4B3D0" ID-CLB-Dataset="46572" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3755.5.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4ff4b026-f01c-4983-9130-84b50bf265e4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="224539" ID-ZooBank="A2EF9D93-487E-4246-B78C-3A08475E38ED" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460375412987" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kanturski, Mariusz, Wieczorek, Karina &amp; Junkiert, Łukasz" docDate="2014" docId="EA478577DD40FFEDFF588251FBD4FAC3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03755p490.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3755 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aphis verbasci Schrank 1801" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="490" masterDocId="167EFD0FDD40FFE8FFCF850FFFE7FFCE" masterDocTitle="Sexual morphs and biology of Aphis verbasci Schrank (Hemiptera: Aphididae)" masterLastPageNumber="490" masterPageNumber="485" pageNumber="485" updateTime="1698296226727" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="21846FF4ACC0767F022E0CCEF2BF1C20">Sexual morphs and biology of Aphis verbasci Schrank (Hemiptera: Aphididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E1ABCFE737D06E7B840FEB7B6E68F21E">Kanturski, Mariusz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="18D0ACB9AF6E42D78DA45840930650B4">Wieczorek, Karina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9922D6AD8840BA61487A1E58E79728DD">Junkiert, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B440C2CA76B4393C49A94A48DC1CB8EB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C66625196F4A7553F69F34028CB297F7">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="EA478577DD40FFEDFF588251FBD4FAC3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5658302" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119413009" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5658302" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA478577DD40FFEDFF588251FBD4FAC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA478577DD40FFEDFF588251FBD4FAC3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">
<subSubSection id="2AF467EADD40FFEBFF588251FD79F891" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="488" pageId="0" pageNumber="485" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="62513461DD40FFE8FF588251FDEEF8B6" blockId="0.[151,521,1886,1946]" box="[151,521,1886,1912]" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">
<heading id="3919830DDD40FFE8FF588251FDEEF8B6" bold="true" box="[151,521,1886,1912]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="485" reason="1">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD40FFE8FF588251FDEEF8B6" bold="true" box="[151,521,1886,1912]" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD40FFE8FF588251FDE3F8B6" authority="Schrank, 1801" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1801" box="[151,516,1886,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD40FFE8FF588251FEA0F8B6" bold="true" box="[151,327,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">Aphis verbasci</emphasis>
Schrank, 1801
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.
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<paragraph id="62513461DD40FFE8FF58828EFEC1F857" blockId="0.[151,521,1886,1946]" box="[151,294,1921,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">
(
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD40FFE8FF50828EFF02F857" box="[159,229,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD40FFE8FF3C828EFEE4F857" box="[243,259,1921,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD40FFE8FEC0828EFEFAF857" box="[271,285,1921,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="485">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<caption id="369164E9DD41FFE9FF588252FB98F85C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="486" targetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="62513461DD41FFE9FF588252FB98F85C" blockId="1.[151,1436,1885,1938]" pageId="1" pageNumber="486">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD41FFE9FF588252FEF5F8BD" bold="true" box="[151,274,1885,1907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="486">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD41FFE9FED78251FE49F8BD" box="[280,430,1886,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD41FFE9FED78251FE49F8BD" box="[280,430,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="486">Aphis verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="369164E9DD42FFEAFF588289FAAAF875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="487" targetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="62513461DD42FFEAFF588289FAAAF875" blockId="2.[151,1436,1926,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="487">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD42FFEAFF588289FEF4F855" bold="true" box="[151,275,1926,1948]" pageId="2" pageNumber="487">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD42FFEAFED68289FE48F855" box="[281,431,1926,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD42FFEAFED68289FE48F855" box="[281,431,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="487">Aphis verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="369164E9DD43FFEBFF5883D9FD8EF8E4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="488" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="62513461DD43FFEBFF5883D9FD8EF8E4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1750,1834]" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD43FFEBFF5883D9FEF3F922" bold="true" box="[151,276,1750,1772]" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD43FFEBFED483D8FE55F922" box="[283,434,1751,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD43FFEBFED483D8FE55F922" box="[283,434,1751,1772]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">Aphis verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD43FFEBFE3C83D8FD39F922" box="[499,734,1751,1772]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="488" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phlomoides">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD43FFEBFE3C83D8FD39F922" box="[499,734,1751,1772]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">Verbascum phlomoides</emphasis>
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: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="62513461DD43FFEBFF588249FD79F891" blockId="3.[151,1436,1862,2032]" box="[151,670,1862,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD43FFEBFF588249FE8DF891" bold="true" box="[151,362,1862,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">Oviparous female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD43FFEBFEB48249FE51F891" box="[379,438,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">Fig.1</figureCitation>
a;
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD43FFEBFE1F8249FDF5F891" box="[464,530,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
c,d;
<tableCitation id="2F6C01DADD43FFEBFD8D8249FD74F891" box="[578,659,1862,1887]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,908,931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1101,1036,1672]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of oviparous female (n = 7) and wingless male (n = 7) of Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides and Buddleja sp. (in mm). Two measurements refer to the range of measurements of each character for each morph." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D" pageId="3" pageNumber="488" tableUuid="369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2AF467EADD43FFEDFF088265FBD4FAC3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="3" pageNumber="488" type="description">
<paragraph id="62513461DD43FFECFF088265FA80FC92" blockId="3.[151,1436,1862,2032]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,861]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="489" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">
Description of the oviparous female—color of live specimens dark green-olive slightly pulverulent, immatures being light green without wax. Legs dark yellowish-brown with darker knee area, end of tibiae and tarsi. Siphunculi and cauda black. Dorsal abdominal side of body without visible sclerotization (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD43FFEBFB6282BDFB15F805" box="[1197,1266,1970,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="488">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
c,d). Colour of mounted specimen: pale brown. Head pale brown, thorax pale, antennae pale with brown segments I and II, also with light brown apices of segm. IV, V and base of segm. VI. Legs pale light-brown with darker knee area, ends of tibiae and tarsi. Siphunculi and cauda dark brown. Body egg-shaped or oval. Head with compound eyes and triommatidia. Head width 2.13–2.72 times length of antennae. Frons flat. Head chaetotaxy: 8 pairs of fine and pointed setae. Antennae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFE06840BFDF7FED3" box="[457,528,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
b) 6-segmented, 0.52–0.59 times body length. Surface of ant. segm III–VI imbricated. Ant. segm. III slightly narrower at base then at apex, almost as long as terminal process (VIb). Ant. segm. IV almost as long as ant. segm. V. Ant. segm. V slightly wider at apex with one small, rounded and ciliated rhinarium. Ant. segm. VI (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFE148460FDC7FE46" box="[475,544,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
c) longest. VIb 2.16–2.36 times base (VIa) with one rounded and ciliated rhinarium and 5–7 accessory rhinaria. Other antennal ratios: VI:III 1.44–1.76, V:III 0.64–0.75, IV:III 0.61–0.88. Antennal chaetotaxy: segm. I with 4–5 setae, segm. II with 3–4 setae, segm. III with 5–7 setae, segm. IV with 4–6 setae, segm. V with 4–5 setae. Ant. segm. VI with 3 basal, 3 apical and 2–3 subapical setae. Antennal setae pointed,
<quantity id="A5169984DD44FFECFF58870FFED9FDD9" box="[151,318,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" unit="mm" value="0.015" valueMax="0.02" valueMin="0.01">0.01–0.02 mm</quantity>
long; the longest antennal seta III 1.0 times basal articular diameter of this segment. Rostrum reaching end of hind coxae, apical segment of rostrum (ARS) long and pointed, with 4 primary and 4 accessory setae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFF2F8748FEC6FDAE" box="[224,289,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
d). ARS 0.80–1.00 times ant. segm. III and 1.81–2.00 times segment II of hind tarsus (HT II).
<collectingCountry id="1AF974F1DD44FFECFAAB8748FA7BFDAE" box="[1380,1436,583,608]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibiae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFF2A8763FEC2FD4A" box="[229,293,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
e) slightly swollen in the middle with 25–35 circular or irregular pseudosensoriae situated in one row on anterior part of tibiae. First segment of hind tarsus very short with 2 setae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFBCC8780FBA5FD66" box="[1027,1090,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
f). Abdomen without sclerites; only abd. segm. VII and VIII sclerotized on their entire surface. Abdominal reticulation in form of pentagons or hexagons (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFEDE87D8FEB5FD3E" box="[273,338,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
Fig.
<quantity id="A5169984DD44FFECFE8987D7FEB5FD3E" box="[326,338,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" unit="g" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</figureCitation>
g). Dorsal setae very few, pale, capitate,
<quantity id="A5169984DD44FFECFCEF87D7FC23FD21" box="[800,964,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" unit="mm" value="0.03" valueMax="0.04" valueMin="0.02">0.02–0.04 mm</quantity>
long. Abd. segm. V and VI with one pair of spinal setae, which can arising from small brown sclerites. Siphunculi (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFBD587F3FBB8FCDB" box="[1050,1119,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
h) widest at base, without reticulation and flange, imbricated, 1.35 – 2.00 times cauda.Cauda tongue shaped with 9–10 pointed setae and short, pointed spinules (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFE6C864BFE04FC93" box="[419,483,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,205,1838]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[170,1409,195,1842]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aphis verbasci — oviparous female: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment VI, (d) apical segment of rostrum, (e) hind tibia, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
Fig.
<date id="165012A1DD44FFECFE18864BFE04FC93" box="[471,483,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">1</date>
</figureCitation>
i). Subgenital plate very well developed, sclerotized with fine and pointed setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D" ID-Table-UUID="369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" targetBox="[151,1101,1036,1672]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="62513461DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D" blockId="4.[151,1436,907,995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD44FFECFF588683FEE2FC6D" bold="true" box="[151,261,908,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">TABLE 1</emphasis>
. Measurements of oviparous female (n = 7) and wingless male (n = 7) of
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD44FFECFB8F8684FB07FC6D" box="[1088,1248,907,931]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD44FFECFB8F8684FB07FC6D" box="[1088,1248,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Aphis verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD44FFECFAE88684FEF5FC0D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phlomoides">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD44FFECFAE88684FEF5FC0D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Verbascum phlomoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD44FFECFE8986A4FE41FC0D" box="[326,422,939,963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Buddleja" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD44FFECFE8986A4FE41FC0D" box="[326,422,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Buddleja</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (in mm). Two measurements refer to the range of measurements of each character for each morph.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="62513461DD44FFECFF588103FBACF946" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<table id="10EEC6C1DD440017FF588103FBAAF946" box="[151,1101,1036,1672]" gridcols="3" gridrows="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588103FBAAFBEC" box="[151,1101,1036,1058]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588103FDEFFBEC" box="[151,520,1036,1058]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Character</th>
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28103FCC4FBEC" box="[621,803,1036,1058]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">oviparous female</th>
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288103FBAAFBEC" box="[999,1101,1036,1058]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">male</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588145FBAAFBAE" box="[151,1101,1098,1120]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588145FDEFFBAE" box="[151,520,1098,1120]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of body</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28145FCC4FBAE" box="[621,803,1098,1120]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">1.06–2.20</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288145FBAAFBAE" box="[999,1101,1098,1120]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">1.25–1.40</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588166FBAAFBB1" box="[151,1101,1129,1151]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588166FDEFFBB1" box="[151,520,1129,1151]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Width of body</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28166FCC4FBB1" box="[621,803,1129,1151]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">1.00–1.42</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288166FBAAFBB1" box="[999,1101,1129,1151]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.70–0.82</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588187FBAAFB50" box="[151,1101,1160,1182]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588187FDEFFB50" box="[151,520,1160,1182]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Head width across compound eyes</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28187FCC4FB50" box="[621,803,1160,1182]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.40–0.45</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288187FBAAFB50" box="[999,1101,1160,1182]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.35–0.39</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF5881A9FBAAFB72" box="[151,1101,1190,1212]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF5881A9FDEFFB72" box="[151,520,1190,1212]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of antenna</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA281A9FCC4FB72" box="[621,803,1190,1212]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.94–1.19</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC2881A9FBAAFB72" box="[999,1101,1190,1212]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.91–1.01</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF5881CAFBAAFB15" box="[151,1101,1221,1243]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF5881CAFDEFFB15" box="[151,520,1221,1243]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of antennal segment III</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA281CAFCC4FB15" box="[621,803,1221,1243]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.20–0.26</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC2881CAFBAAFB15" box="[999,1101,1221,1243]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.34–0.38</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF5881EBFBAAFB34" box="[151,1101,1252,1274]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF5881EBFDEFFB34" box="[151,520,1252,1274]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">segment IV</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA281EBFCC4FB34" box="[621,803,1252,1274]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.15–0.22</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC2881EBFBAAFB34" box="[999,1101,1252,1274]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.12–0.15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF58800DFBAAFAD6" box="[151,1101,1282,1304]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF58800DFDEFFAD6" box="[151,520,1282,1304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">segment V</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA2800DFCC4FAD6" box="[621,803,1282,1304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.14–0.18</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC28800DFBAAFAD6" box="[999,1101,1282,1304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.33–0.37</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF58802EFBAAFAF9" box="[151,1101,1313,1335]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF58802EFDEFFAF9" box="[151,520,1313,1335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">segment VIa (base)</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA2802EFCC4FAF9" box="[621,803,1313,1335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.10–0.13</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC28802EFBAAFAF9" box="[999,1101,1313,1335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.09–0.10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF58804FFBAAFA98" box="[151,1101,1344,1366]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF58804FFDEFFA98" box="[151,520,1344,1366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">segment VIb (processus terminalis)</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA2804FFCC4FA98" box="[621,803,1344,1366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.23–0.29</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC28804FFBAAFA98" box="[999,1101,1344,1366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.24–0.27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588051FBAAFABA" box="[151,1101,1374,1396]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588051FDEFFABA" box="[151,520,1374,1396]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of rostrum</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28051FCC4FABA" box="[621,803,1374,1396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.70–0.74</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288051FBAAFABA" box="[999,1101,1374,1396]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.62–0.69</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588072FBAAFA5D" box="[151,1101,1405,1427]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588072FDEFFA5D" box="[151,520,1405,1427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of apical segment of rostrum</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28072FCC4FA5D" box="[621,803,1405,1427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.20–0.21</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288072FBAAFA5D" box="[999,1101,1405,1427]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588093FBAAFA7C" box="[151,1101,1436,1458]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588093FDEFFA7C" box="[151,520,1436,1458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of hind femora</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28093FCC4FA7C" box="[621,803,1436,1458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.38–0.46</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288093FBAAFA7C" box="[999,1101,1436,1458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.34–0.40</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF5880B5FBAAFA1E" box="[151,1101,1466,1488]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF5880B5FDEFFA1E" box="[151,520,1466,1488]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of hind tibiae</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA280B5FCC4FA1E" box="[621,803,1466,1488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.74–0.78</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC2880B5FBAAFA1E" box="[999,1101,1466,1488]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.68–0.78</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF5880D6FBAAFA21" box="[151,1101,1497,1519]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF5880D6FDEFFA21" box="[151,520,1497,1519]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of hind tarsi segm. I</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA280D6FCC4FA21" box="[621,803,1497,1519]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.03–0.04</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC2880D6FBAAFA21" box="[999,1101,1497,1519]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.03–0.04</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF5880F7FBAAF9C0" box="[151,1101,1528,1550]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF5880F7FDEFF9C0" box="[151,520,1528,1550]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of hind tarsi segm. II</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA280F7FCC4F9C0" box="[621,803,1528,1550]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.10–0.11</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC2880F7FBAAF9C0" box="[999,1101,1528,1550]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.09–0.10</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF588319FBAAF9E2" box="[151,1101,1558,1580]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF588319FDEFF9E2" box="[151,520,1558,1580]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of siphunculi</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA28319FCC4F9E2" box="[621,803,1558,1580]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.22–0.30</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC288319FBAAF9E2" box="[999,1101,1558,1580]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.17–0.21</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF58833AFBAAF985" box="[151,1101,1589,1611]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF58833AFDEFF985" box="[151,520,1589,1611]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of subgenital plate</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA2833AFCC4F985" box="[621,803,1589,1611]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.16–0.20</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC28833AFBAAF985" box="[999,1101,1589,1611]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF58835BFBAAF9A4" box="[151,1101,1620,1642]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF58835BFDEFF9A4" box="[151,520,1620,1642]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Width of subgenital plate</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA2835BFCC4F9A4" box="[621,803,1620,1642]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.31–0.34</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC28835BFBAAF9A4" box="[999,1101,1620,1642]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCDE3623DD440017FF58837DFBAAF946" box="[151,1101,1650,1672]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<th id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FF58837DFDEFF946" box="[151,520,1650,1672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Length of cauda</th>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FDA2837DFCC4F946" box="[621,803,1650,1672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.15–0.17</td>
<td id="9F0F5F5FDD440017FC28837DFBAAF946" box="[999,1101,1650,1672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">0.11–0.13</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62513461DD44FFECFF0883CAFD48F910" blockId="4.[151,1436,1733,2010]" box="[199,687,1733,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD44FFECFF0883CAFE94F910" bold="true" box="[199,371,1733,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Wingless male</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFE4783CAFE2BF910" box="[392,460,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a;
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFE2983CAFDC0F910" box="[486,551,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e,f;
<tableCitation id="2F6C01DADD44FFECFD9C83CAFD43F910" box="[595,676,1733,1758]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,239,908,931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1101,1036,1672]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of oviparous female (n = 7) and wingless male (n = 7) of Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides and Buddleja sp. (in mm). Two measurements refer to the range of measurements of each character for each morph." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="489" tableUuid="369164E9DD44FFECFF588683FF02FC2D">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62513461DD44FFEDFF0883E6FB13FD03" blockId="4.[151,1436,1733,2010]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1293]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">
Colour of live specimens dark green-olive slightly pulverulent. Legs dark yellowish-brown with darker knee area, end of tibiae and tarsi. Siphunculi, genitalia and cauda black. Dorsal abdominal side of body with dark sclerites (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFECB823EFEAFF884" box="[260,328,1841,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e,f). Colour of mounted specimen: head, thorax and antennae light brown. Legs light brown with darker ends of tibiae and tarsi. Siphunculi, cauda and genitalia dark brown. Body egg-shaped. Head with compound eyes and triommatidia. Head width 2.33–2.72 times length of antennae. Frons flat. Head chaetotaxy: 8 pairs of fine and pointed setae. Antennae 5-segmented (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD44FFECFCCC8292FCA1F878" box="[771,838,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="489">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b), 0.69–0.72 body length. Surface of ant. segm III–V imbricated. Ant. segm. III almost as long as ant. segm. V, narrower at base than at apex with 20–36 rounded secondary rhinaria of variable size with sclerotic ring (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFCC08598FCB2FF7E" box="[783,853,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
c). Ant. segm. IV at least 2 times shorter than ant segm. III and V with 1 rounded and ciliated primary rhinarium and 3–5 secondary rhinaria, similar to those on ant. segm. III. Ant. segm. V with 1 rounded and ciliated primary rhinarium and 3–6 ciliated, accessory rhinaria (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFAA085D0FF40FED3" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
d). Vb 2.40–2.77 times Va; other antennal ratios: V:III 0.97–1.00, IV:III 0.32–0.41. Antennal chaetotaxy: segm. I with 5–6 setae, segm. II with 4–6 setae, segm. III with 8–12 setae, segm. IV with 3–6 setae, segm. V with 3 basal, 2–3 apical and 2–3 subapical setae. Antennal setae pointed,
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long; the longest antennal seta III about 1.0 times basal articular diameter of this segment. Rostrum long, reaching abdominal segment V, ARS long and pointed, with 4 primary and 4 accessory setae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFD7E849BFD10FE62" box="[689,759,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
e). ARS 0.47–0.55 times ant. segm. III and 1.80–2.11 times HT II. First segment of hind tarsus with 3 setae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFD1D84B8FCFFFE1E" box="[722,792,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
f). Abdomen with reticulation in form of pentagons and hexagons (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFEDF84D3FEB2FE3A" box="[272,341,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
Fig.
<quantity id="A5169984DD45FFEDFE8A84D3FEB2FE3A" box="[325,341,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" unit="g" value="2.0">2</quantity>
</figureCitation>
g). Dorsal side of abdomen covered with variable sized sclerites in pleural and marginal position. On abd. segm. I–IV from these sclerites arising pleural and marginal setae. On abd. segm. V and VI there is also spinal sclerotization with 2 pairs of spinal setae. Dorsal setae pale, slightly capitate,
<quantity id="A5169984DD45FFEDFBBE872BFAFFFDF2" box="[1137,1304,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" unit="mm" value="0.03" valueMax="0.04" valueMin="0.02">0.02–0.04 mm</quantity>
long. Abd. segm. VII and VIII completely sclerotized (cross bars). Siphunculi imbricated, widest at base and gradually narrowing toward apex without reticulation and flange (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFCD38763FC85FD4B" box="[796,866,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
h). Cauda tongue shaped with 8 long and pointed setae and short and pointed spinules (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFDF58780FD99FD66" box="[570,638,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
Fig.
<date id="165012A1DD45FFEDFDA18780FD99FD66" box="[622,638,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">2</date>
</figureCitation>
i). Genitalia well developed, strongly sclerotized with lobate parameres with numerous setae. Basal part of phallus shortened, hooked-shaped with numerous setae (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFB5587BBFB39FD03" box="[1178,1246,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1926,1948]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,201,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[202,1384,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aphis verbasci — wingless male: (a) general feature, (b) antenna, (c) antennal segment III, (d) antennal segment V, (e) apical segment of rostrum, (f) hind tarsus, (g) dorsal abdominal reticulation, (h) siphunculus, (i) cauda, (j) genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
j).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62513461DD45FFEDFF0887D8FBA0FC06" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFF0887D8FE4CFD3E" bold="true" box="[199,427,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Bionomic remarks.</emphasis>
Numerous colonies of
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFD6087D7FCCAFD3E" box="[687,813,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFD6087D7FCCAFD3E" box="[687,813,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A. verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
live always on the whole underside surface of the basal leaves of
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFECD87F3FE9AFCDA" box="[258,381,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFECD87F3FE9AFCDA" box="[258,381,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Verbascum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., lying directly on the ground. During summer apterous viviparous females produce much honeydew and the colonies are visited by ants, especially
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFCD2862FFC40FCF9" box="[797,935,800,823]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFCD2862FFC40FCF9" box="[797,935,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Lasius niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The bisexual generation begins to appear in October, with numerous oviparous females and less numerous males and for some time those two generations exist together (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFECE8668FEA4FC4E" box="[257,323,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a). Ant attendance of sexuales in autumn was not observed. After copulation orange eggs are visible in the female's body (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFE468683FE2DFC6A" box="[393,458,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
c) and the oviparae each lay 2–3 big, orange eggs on the lower surface of the leaf (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFAA18683FF42FC06" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
d). Eggs are protected from the effects of winter under the dead leaves until spring.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62513461DD45FFEDFF0886DBFBD4FAC3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
Oviparous females of
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFE7286DBFDDCFC22" box="[445,571,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFE7286DBFDDCFC22" box="[445,571,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A. verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ morphologically in comparison to parthenogenetic apterous viviparous females. They are characterized by longer and wider genital plate—a phenomenon which occurs also in other subfamilies of aphids e.g. in
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFE2A8113FDBEFBFB" box="[485,601,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lachninae">Lachninae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="067F4990DD45FFEDFDA58113FCC9FBFA" author="Depa" box="[618,814,1052,1076]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" refString="Depa, L., Mroz, E., Brozek, J. (2013) Description of the oviparous female and new information on the biology of the rare aphid Stomaphis radicicola Hille Ris Lambers 1947 (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea). Zoologica Fennica, 24, 100 - 406." type="journal article" year="2013">
Depa
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFD7E8112FD0CFBFA" box="[689,747,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) or
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFCAF8113FBEBFBFB" box="[864,1036,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chaitophorinae">Chaitophorinae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="067F4990DD45FFEDFBD28113FAB9FBFA" author="Wieczorek" box="[1053,1374,1052,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" refString="Wieczorek, K. &amp; Junkiert, L. (2011) Description of sexuales of Periphyllus singeri (Borner) (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea: Chaitophorinae). Zootaxa, 2872, 63 - 68." type="journal article" year="2011">Wieczorek &amp; Junkiert 2011</bibRefCitation>
), and also are slightly sclerotized on abdominal segments IV and V. Wingless males have 5-segmented antennae and well developed dorsal sclerotization, visible in life as well as in mounted specimens. In both sexual morphs siphunculi are straight, not curved like in apterous viviparous females. There are also considerable seasonal differences in coloration. The large, summer colonies of parthenogenetic females of
<taxonomicName id="A5EE4FE2DD45FFEDFC6281A3FBCCFB0A" box="[941,1067,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verbasci">
<emphasis id="509AE873DD45FFEDFC6281A3FBCCFB0A" box="[941,1067,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A. verbasci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are golden-yellow in colour, but in autumn they have much paler coloration from pale yellow to pale green (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFC2781C0FBCCFB26" box="[1000,1067,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a,b). The bisexual generation on the other hand is slightly pulverulent and of a dark green-olive colour (
<figureCitation id="FAD528E4DD45FFEDFC7F81FBFC14FAC3" box="[944,1011,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,181,1731]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aphis verbasci from Verbascum phlomoides: (a) colony of apterous viviparous females and oviparous females ♀, (b) pale yellowish-green autumn apterous viviparous female, (c) oviparous females with visible eggs inside the bodies, (d) oviparous female with egg [●], (e, f) males ♂." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224542/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
c,e,f).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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